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北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册·UNIT11 WRITING WORKSHOP~READING CLUBS（课件+练习）
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这是一份北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册·UNIT11 WRITING WORKSHOP~READING CLUBS（课件+练习），共43页。
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE WRITING WORKSHOP—READING CLUB 2北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册GET READY FOR WRITINGGroup Work You are going to write an opinion essay on a topic of your interest. · Discuss in groups and choose a topic. · Find out every group member’s opinion about the topic. Then brainstorm possible reasons for or against the topic. Activity 1Activity 2READ FOR WRITING “PubNet” has put forward the topic，“Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned?” They invite the public to offer their opinions. Read one of the essays and find out the writer’s opinion and the supporting reasons provided. Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned? In many countries，there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries， it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition，drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases. If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities，they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. However，surely this is a false argument. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health.To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation. Activity 3FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND ANGUAGEComplete the structure of the text by putting the different parts in the correct order. a Supporting reasons for the opinion b Disapproving of the opposite opinion c Restating the opinion d Presenting the opinion Activity 4Write 2-3 sentences for your opinion essay. Use similar expressions in the Sentence Builder that help to support your opinion and make it more convincing. Sentence Builder Persuasive Language Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health.It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. However，surely this is a false argument. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health. COMPOSE YOUR WRITINGActivity 5Outlining Complete the outline of your essay based on Activities 3 and 4. My Outline Topic：_____________________________The opinion：_____________________________________Supporting reasons：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ Writing Help Writing an Opinion Essay It’s important to：·state a clear opinion；· support your opinion with facts. Make your reasons and details stronger with facts and data；·make your essay reasonable，and include relevant details； · use persuasive language. Recently we’ve had a discussion about . Different people have different opinions. Most of the students are in favour of it. Here are the reasons. First， ① . Second， ② . Finally， ③ . However， the others are strongly against it. Their reasons are as follows. In the first place， ① . What’s more， ② . In addition， ③ . Personally speaking， . 观点态度型写作模板Drafting Use your outline and the Writing Help to write your first draft. Editing Edit your essay in pairs. Then share what you have written to the class. Activity 6Activity 7Language points核心词汇教材原句 Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned? 不健康产品的电视广告应该被禁止吗？1 ban 题组练·领悟方法（1）vt. 禁止；取缔搭配：ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事Endless assignments should be banned in all schools. 所有的学校都应禁止没完没了的作业。［词汇复现］ My uncle was banned from driving for six months. 我叔叔被禁驾六个月。 （2）n. 禁令，禁止搭配 a ban on... 关于……的禁令 impose/lift a ban 颁布/ 解除禁令【学法点拨】表示“禁止，阻止”常用“动词+ 宾语+from doing sth”结构，forbid还可用于“动词+宾语+to do sth”结构。ban/forbidstop/keep/preventforbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 sb from doing sth 禁止/ 阻止某人做某事单句语法填空 （1） He has been banned competing in games for half a year，which brings him a lot of stress. （2） Children under the age of eighteen （ban）from entering. （3） The ban driving after drinking alcohol is being carried out all over the country，which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents. 完成句子（4） Many countries have passed laws to （禁止吸烟）in public places. （5）［词汇复现］He （被禁止离开家）because he was suspected of murder. from are banned onban smoking was banned from leaving home 教材原句 Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. 毫无疑问，不健康的产品损害我们的健康。2 harm vt. 伤害；n. 损害，危害，伤害Pollution can harm marine life. 污染会危及海洋生物。 The accident could have been much worse；luckily no harm was done. 这次事故本来可能糟糕得多；所幸没有造成伤害。Don’t worry. We’ll see that the children come to no harm. 别担心，我们会保证孩子们安然无恙的。【词语积累】 harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的 【词语辨析】injure，hurt，wound 与 harm injure 在事故或打斗中受伤 He was badly injured in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。hurt 肉体伤害或感情伤害 I didn’t hurt your feelings on purpose. 我不是故意伤害你的感情的。wound 用刀、枪等武器伤害 The soldier was wounded badly. 这名士兵受伤严重。harm 伤害人的健康、权利、 Smoking seriously harmed his health. 事业等 吸烟严重损害了他的健康。 完成句子（1） He would never frighten anyone or （伤害他们）. （2） He may look fierce，but he （无恶意）. （3） The court case will （严重损害）my business. 辨析填空：injure/hurt/wound/harm （4） He ignored her on purpose，which her feelings. （5） Reading in the sun will your eyes. （6） Five people were killed and many others were seriously in the attack. （7） Luckily she was not badly and we took her to the nearest hospital. 单句语法填空（8）［词汇复现］As we all know，eating fried food frequently is （harm）to your health. （9）［词汇复现］Soldiers （wound）in the area conflict have been well treated. cause/do them any harm means no harm from do serious harm to harmwounded injured harmful wounded教材原句 It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. 限制快餐的电视广告显然是可取的。3 desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的It is most desirable that he should attend the forum. 他能参加此次论坛是最好不过的了。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望，渴求；希望得到；想要They desired them to consider the consequence of the decision. 他们希望他们考虑这个决定的后果。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 have a strong desire to do sth 迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth 有得到某物的强烈欲望desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事desire that...（should）do sth 渴望……做某事 The household desired to go hiking at the weekend. 这家人想周末去远足。［词汇复现］ We all desire him to give us a further explanation about his new theory. 我们都希望他就他的新理论为我们作进一步的解释。［词汇复现］ 【注意】desire 后接从句时，从句的谓语用“should + 动词原形”， should 可以省略。He has a desire that his book should be read by as many people as possible. 他希望他的书被尽可能多的人阅读。单句语法填空（1） The house has many （desire） features. （2）［词汇复现］They desired that man apologise for his mistakes. （3）［词汇复现］To our amazement，she desired that she （be）given another chance to work in that company. （4）He had a strong desire leaving a good impression on that strange person. （5）［词汇复现］He has a strong desire （build）his own house in the suburbs. 一句多译上个月离婚后，那位女士渴望开一个自己的小食品杂货店。（6） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire v.） （7） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire n.） （8） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire that...） desirable to（should）be forto build desired to open had a desire to open desired that she（should）open 教材原句 A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这个想法的一个原因是， 制造这些产品可以创造就业机会，并带来大量的税收。4 large amounts of 大量的；大批的（后通常接不可数名词） 搭配 large/small amounts of + 不可数名词+ 复数谓语动词 a large/small amount of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词A large amount of money was spent on the celebrations. =Large amounts of money were spent on the celebrations. 庆祝活动花费了大量资金。【归纳拓展】 “许多，大量”的多种表达（1）a good/great many a large/great number of + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词 quite a few（2）many a（n）+ 可数名词单数+ 单数谓语动词（3）a good/great deal of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词（4）a lot of/lots of plenty of + a large quantity of（5）large quantities of+ 不可数名词/ 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词单句语法填空（1）With more forests being destroyed，a large amount of good earth （be） being washed away each year. （2） There （be）large amounts of information about the author’s birthplace. （3） A number of high buildings （arise）where there was nothing but ruins a year ago. （4） A large quantity of water （waste） every year. 一句多译（5）［词汇复现］许多学生在这次暑假活动中建立起了紧密的联系。A：______________________________ B： ______________________________ C： ______________________________ D： ______________________________ E： ______________________________ F：________________________________ student shave built up c lose bonds during the summer vacation activity. isarehave arisen is wasted A good/great many A large/great number of Quite a fewA lot of/Lots of Plenty of A large quantity of/Large quantities of 教材原句 The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses... 投资在制造这些不健康产品上的钱可以拿来做更值得的事…… 5 invest vi. & vt. 投资；（把资金）投入 invest（sth）in... 对……投资（以获得利润） 搭配 invest（sth）in/on...（政府、企业或机构）把（资金）投入…… invest sth in sth 投入（时间、精力等）在某事上 invest sth（in）doing sth 投入（时间、精力等）做某事The government has invested heavily in public transport.政府已对公共交通投入了大量资金。【词语积累】investment n. 投资 investor n. 投资者 单句语法填空（1） He invested his life savings his daughter’s business. （2） Now is a good time （invest）in the property market. 完成句子（3） Education is the best way for a nation （对未来投资）. （4） （投资者）reacted positively t o （投资）this area. into invest to invest in the future Investors investing in 教材原句 To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 总之， 法律禁止不健康产品的电视广告对社会是有益的。6 conclude v. 作出结论，推断出；（使）结束 conclude...from... 从……中推断出…… 搭配 conclude（...）with... 以……结束（……） to conclude（=in conclusion）总之I concluded from his words that he was against the plan. 我从他的话中推断出他反对这项计划。The evening concluded with dinner and speeches. 这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束。【词语积累】 conclusion n. 结局；结论，推论 arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 in conclusion 最后；总之He came to the conclusion that there were many people infected with cholera. 他得出了结论：许多人感染了霍乱。We can safely draw some conclusions from the discussion. 从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。In conclusion，I’d like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。 单句语法填空（1） Don’t jump to （conclude） before considering all the facts，or you may be easily taken in. （2） The research lacks solid evidence，and therefore， its （conclude）are doubtful. （3） conclusion，I would like to thank everyone who has helped us. （4） The speaker concluded his speech a famous saying. 完成句子（5）Many experts （得出结论）that many diseases were linked to smoking. （6） （ 最后），with the extra evidence，we can draw a conclusion with certainty. conclusions conclusions In witharrived at/came to/reached/drew the conclusion To conclude/In conclusion 7 beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的，有益的；受益的搭配：be beneficial to 对……有益Mr Smith guaranteed it was a mutually beneficial agreement. 史密斯先生保证这是一项互惠协议。It is beneficial to eyesight to do eye exercises. 做眼保健操对视力有益。【词语积累】 benefit v. 使受益；得益于 n. 益处，好处 benefit from/by 从……中受益，受益于…… for the benefit of 为了……的利益 【学法点拨】 be beneficial to=be of benefit to=benefit 对……有益 [译］阳光对植物有益。Sunlight is beneficial to plants. Sunlight is of benefit to plants. Sunlight benefits plants. Plants benefit from sunlight完成句子（1） China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ___________________ （为了……的利益）all its citizens. 单句语法填空（2） It is evident that kids can benefit reading large quantities of books. （3） The new hospital will be （benefit） to the local poor people. （4）［词汇复现］Students who benefit the loan supporting their study decide to reward their country after graduation. 一句多译 （5） 多读书对我们有益。Reading a lot us. Reading a lot us. Reading a lot us. We reading a lot. for the benefit of from/bybeneficial from/by is beneficial tois of benefit tobenefitsbenefit from/by 教材原句 ... it is generally agreed that a patient’s chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma. ……但人们普遍认为，病人昏迷的时间越长，恢复的可能性就越小。8 recovery n. 康复，痊愈；恢复His recovery from illness made him take an optimistic attitude to life. 他的病愈使得他对生活持乐观的态度。【词语积累】 recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recover sth 找回某物recover oneself 清醒过来，恢复冷静 recover from... 从……中恢复过来After a short amazement，he recovered his calmness. 一阵惊愕之后，他恢复了平静。［词汇复现］ The bakery has recovered from the big fire. 面包店已从大火中恢复过来。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］We wish the sociologist would make a full （recover）from the operation. （2）［词汇复现］The player is under good treatment and he will recover his injury on his leg bone in time for the next game. （3）［ 词汇复现］After recovering （she）， the girl burst into laughter. （4）［词汇复现］After （recover）from his illness，he began to hang out. （5）［词汇复现］His quick recovery the illness left a deep impression on the doctor. recovery fromherself recovering/ recovery from教材原句 You trip on a loose piece of carpet and twist your ankle. 你被一块松散的地毯绊了一下，扭伤了脚踝。9 loose adj. 松的；宽大的；不牢固的；不确切的The bond between them is loose. 他们之间的联系不紧密。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 loosen v.（使）放松，变松 loosely adv. 松弛地；宽松地；不严密地The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as playing music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 这些音乐人除演奏音乐外，还彼此打趣逗笑。（他们的）大多数音乐多少有点模仿甲壳虫乐队。【归纳拓展】 let...loose 让……自由；任……自由行动；释放；放开et loose sth（尤指大声或突然）发出，喊出，发表set...loose 让……自由 get/break loose（from...）挣脱（……），逃脱（……） While walking the dog near the clinic，he was careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在诊所附近遛狗的时候，他不太小心，狗挣脱后被一辆汽车撞了。［词汇复现］ The woman with a tear-stained face let loose a long，deep sigh. 那个面带泪痕的女人喟然长叹了一声。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］Those books were （loose）packed up. 完成句子（2） 那个讨厌的男孩抓住迪克的胳膊不松手。［词汇复现］That annoying boy caught Dick’s arm and would not . （3） 君主应永不放松对权力的掌控。［词汇复现］An emperor should never of power. （4） 还清贷款后，她觉得自己松了一口气。［词汇复现］After paying off the loan，she felt she . （5） 马蒂想摆脱法律的惩罚。［词汇复现］Marty wants to legal punishment. （6） 郊区的青少年有许多地方可以放松自己。［词汇复现］Teenagers in the suburbs have many places to . loosely let his hold loose loosen the grasp was set loose get/break loose from let themselves loose 教材原句 Some argue that this is just greed... 有人认为这只是贪婪…… 10 greed n. 贪欲，贪婪；贪心The old man has detected the greed in her eyes. 老人察觉到了她眼中的贪婪。［词汇复现］ The drummer’s greed for money was his ruin. 那位鼓手对金钱的贪得无厌毁了他。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；渴望的 greedily adv. 贪吃地；贪心地；贪婪地Don’t be so greedy. There is still much food in the canteen. 别这么贪心，食堂里还有很多吃的。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 be greedy for... 对……贪婪；渴望…… Almost all of the youth are greedy for maturity. 几乎所有的年轻人都渴望成熟。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1） ［词汇复现］That （greed）merchant has been arrested recently. （2）［词汇复现］The hungry tailor （greed）grasped the bread. （3）［词汇复现］They are greedy a solution to the problem. 完成句子（4） 所有的孩子都渴望去那个著名的旅游景点。［词汇复现］All the children the departure for that famous tourist attraction. （5） 她对财产的贪婪使她失去了本性。［词汇复现］ property made her lose her nature. greedy greedily forare greedy for Her greed for 教材原句 Staff at a famous company is used to dealing with requests for compensation following poor weather，cancelled flights and lost luggage... 一家著名公司的员工习惯于处理恶劣天气、航班取消和行李丢失后的赔偿请求…… 11 request n. & vt. 请求，要求More flowers have been placed on the balcony at his request. 应他的要求，阳台上摆放了更多的花。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 make a request for... 请求……；要求…… at one’s request = at the request of sb 应某人的要求request sb to do sth 请求/ 要求某人做某事 request sth from sb 向某人要求某物request that...（should）do sth 要求……做某事It is requested that...（should）do sth. 据要求……做某事。Anyhow，at the public’s request，the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly. 不管怎样，应公众要求，新的交通规则已作了微调。［词汇复现］ All members of the club are requested to attend the annual forum. 俱乐部的全体会员均须参加一年一度的论坛。［词汇复现］ 【注意】动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、 同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语为“（should +）动词原形”。 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］ the request of the defendant，the lawyer showed those legal documents. （2）［词汇复现］People are requested not （smoke）in the canteen. 同义句改写［ 词汇复现］He requested that the students should not touch the exhibits in the gallery. → （3） His request was that the students in the gallery. （4） It was requested that the students in the gallery. （5） He requested the students in the gallery. （6） The students were requested in the gallery. At to smoke （should）not touch the exhibits （should）not touch the exhibits not to touch the exhibits not to touch the exhibits 重点句式 教材原句 ... they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. ……他们很可能就不会去模仿他们的行为。1 Sb be likely to do sth. “Sb be likely to do sth.”意为“某人可能做某事”，可与“It’s likely that sb do（es） sth.”作同义转换。She is likely to adopt that child. = It’ s likely that she adopts that child. 她可能收养那个孩子。［词汇复现］ 【注意】“It’s likely that sb do（es）sth.”结构中，It 是形式主语，替代 that 从句。【词语辨析】likely，possible 与 probable 可能性大小：probable > likely > possible Sb be likely to do sth.，It is possible （for sb） to do sth.，It is likely/ possible/probable + that sb... 都可表示“某人可能做某事”。她有可能通过这次考试。She is likely to pass the exam. It is possible for her to pass the exam. It is likely/possible/probable that she will pass the exam. 完成句子（1） 汤姆很可能会严守这个秘密。A： ［词汇复现］ Tom will keep it a secret resolutely. B： ［词汇复现］Tom keep it a secret resolutely. （2） 如果你不戒掉吸烟那个令人讨厌的习惯， 你的身体健康可能会受到损害。 A： ［词汇复现］ suffer from bad health if you don’t give up that annoying habit—smoking. B： ［词汇复现］ you will suffer from bad health if you don’t give up that annoying habit—smoking. It is likely/probable that is likely to You are likely to It is likely/probable that 教材原句 A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这个想法的一个原因是，制造这些产品可以创造就业机会，并带来大量的税收。【句式分析】此句为主从复合句，why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语 从句。此句式常遵循“The reason why...is that...”结构，意为“…… 的原因是……”。2 表语从句的特殊句式（1）The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……（why 引导定语从句， 修饰 the reason，that 引导表语从句） （ 2）This/That/It is because... 这 / 那是因为……（because 引导表语 从句，从句表原因） （ 3）This/That/It is why... 这 / 那就是……的原因。（why 引导表语 从句，从句表结果） The reason why he didn’t come is that he had not received the invitation. 他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。The woman was weeping bitterly. That’s because her son was drowned in a river. 那个女人痛哭流涕，那是因为她的儿子在河中溺亡了。（先果后因） The woman’s son was drowned in a river. That’s why she was weeping bitterly. 那个女人的儿子在河中溺亡了，那就是她痛哭流涕的原因。（先因后果） 单句语法填空（1） That’s I help brighten people’s days. If you don’t，who’s to say that another person will? （2） Jack didn’t take part in the sports meeting. That is he fell ill suddenly. = Jack fell ill suddenly. That is he didn’t take part in the sports meeting. = Jack didn’t take part in the sports meeting. The reason is he fell ill suddenly. （3） The reason we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. （4）［词汇复现］The reason why he dived into the river is he wanted to save the drowning child. whybecausewhythatwhythat教材原句 The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. 投资在制造这些不健康产品上的钱可以拿来做更值得的事，例如改善环境。【句式分析】句子主干为The money...could be used for more worthwhile businesses，其中invested in making these unhealthy products 为过去分词短语作定语。3 过去分词（短语）作定语过去分词（短语）作定语时的位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被修饰词之后， 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。I was requested to carry out a plan supported by most people. =I was requested to carry out a plan which was supported by most people. 我被要求执行一个大多数人支持的计划。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 （1）有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词之后。 There is little time left. Let’s hurry up. 剩余的时间不多了，我们抓紧吧。（2）过去分词修饰代词时，应放在被修饰词之后。He is one of those invited. 他是那些受邀者之一。 （3）有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。试比较： This is a used car. 这是一辆二手车。 The method used is very efficient. 所用的这个方法很有效。 【误区警示】 过去分词作定语的意义（1）不及物动词：只表示完成，不表示被动a retired teacher 退休教师 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳（2）及物动词：表示被动和完成an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人 deeply moved people 深受感动的人们the broken glass 碎了的杯子 the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 单句语法填空（1） Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time （spend）with his students. （2） In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message （hide） within the work. （3） The works （show）at the exhibition are priceless. （4） He planned to use the money （leave）to buy a second-hand motorbike. （5） Our teacher asked us to use the words （give）to make up sentences. （6） The experience （gain）through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in the future. （7） The problem （discuss）yesterday has something to do with our work. spent hidden shown leftgivengaineddiscussed 完成句子（8） （所有相关的专家）will attend the conference. （9）［词汇复现］You’d better not disturb the students （全神贯注于）their study. 同义句改写 （10）What do you think of the play which was put on by the students? = What do you think of the play ? （11）The girl who is dressed in white will make a summary about the meeting. = The girl will make a summary about the meeting. All the experts concernedabsorbed in/devoted to put on by the students dressed in white THE END
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE WRITING WORKSHOP—READING CLUB 2北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册GET READY FOR WRITINGGroup Work You are going to write an opinion essay on a topic of your interest. · Discuss in groups and choose a topic. · Find out every group member’s opinion about the topic. Then brainstorm possible reasons for or against the topic. Activity 1Activity 2READ FOR WRITING “PubNet” has put forward the topic，“Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned?” They invite the public to offer their opinions. Read one of the essays and find out the writer’s opinion and the supporting reasons provided. Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned? In many countries，there are already laws which do not allow advertising for tobacco products like cigarettes. In my opinion，we should go further and ban advertisements for any unhealthy products such as alcohol and fried food. Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. The rate of obesity has increased greatly. In some countries， it is second only to smoking as a cause of death. In addition，drinking alcohol results in a wide range of diseases. If children see fewer advertisements on TV of people doing these activities，they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour.A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. However，surely this is a false argument. The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health.To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. They help to save lives and improve the health of a nation. Activity 3FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND ANGUAGEComplete the structure of the text by putting the different parts in the correct order. a Supporting reasons for the opinion b Disapproving of the opposite opinion c Restating the opinion d Presenting the opinion Activity 4Write 2-3 sentences for your opinion essay. Use similar expressions in the Sentence Builder that help to support your opinion and make it more convincing. Sentence Builder Persuasive Language Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health.It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. However，surely this is a false argument. Furthermore，it is not right to make money from activities which harm human health. COMPOSE YOUR WRITINGActivity 5Outlining Complete the outline of your essay based on Activities 3 and 4. My Outline Topic：_____________________________The opinion：_____________________________________Supporting reasons：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________ Writing Help Writing an Opinion Essay It’s important to：·state a clear opinion；· support your opinion with facts. Make your reasons and details stronger with facts and data；·make your essay reasonable，and include relevant details； · use persuasive language. Recently we’ve had a discussion about . Different people have different opinions. Most of the students are in favour of it. Here are the reasons. First， ① . Second， ② . Finally， ③ . However， the others are strongly against it. Their reasons are as follows. In the first place， ① . What’s more， ② . In addition， ③ . Personally speaking， . 观点态度型写作模板Drafting Use your outline and the Writing Help to write your first draft. Editing Edit your essay in pairs. Then share what you have written to the class. Activity 6Activity 7Language points核心词汇教材原句 Should TV Advertisements for Unhealthy Products Be Banned? 不健康产品的电视广告应该被禁止吗？1 ban 题组练·领悟方法（1）vt. 禁止；取缔搭配：ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事Endless assignments should be banned in all schools. 所有的学校都应禁止没完没了的作业。［词汇复现］ My uncle was banned from driving for six months. 我叔叔被禁驾六个月。 （2）n. 禁令，禁止搭配 a ban on... 关于……的禁令 impose/lift a ban 颁布/ 解除禁令【学法点拨】表示“禁止，阻止”常用“动词+ 宾语+from doing sth”结构，forbid还可用于“动词+宾语+to do sth”结构。ban/forbidstop/keep/preventforbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事 sb from doing sth 禁止/ 阻止某人做某事单句语法填空 （1） He has been banned competing in games for half a year，which brings him a lot of stress. （2） Children under the age of eighteen （ban）from entering. （3） The ban driving after drinking alcohol is being carried out all over the country，which is helpful to reduce traffic accidents. 完成句子（4） Many countries have passed laws to （禁止吸烟）in public places. （5）［词汇复现］He （被禁止离开家）because he was suspected of murder. from are banned onban smoking was banned from leaving home 教材原句 Undoubtedly，unhealthy products harm our health. 毫无疑问，不健康的产品损害我们的健康。2 harm vt. 伤害；n. 损害，危害，伤害Pollution can harm marine life. 污染会危及海洋生物。 The accident could have been much worse；luckily no harm was done. 这次事故本来可能糟糕得多；所幸没有造成伤害。Don’t worry. We’ll see that the children come to no harm. 别担心，我们会保证孩子们安然无恙的。【词语积累】 harmful adj. 有害的；能造成损害的harmless adj. 无害的；无恶意的 【词语辨析】injure，hurt，wound 与 harm injure 在事故或打斗中受伤 He was badly injured in the accident. 他在事故中受了重伤。hurt 肉体伤害或感情伤害 I didn’t hurt your feelings on purpose. 我不是故意伤害你的感情的。wound 用刀、枪等武器伤害 The soldier was wounded badly. 这名士兵受伤严重。harm 伤害人的健康、权利、 Smoking seriously harmed his health. 事业等 吸烟严重损害了他的健康。 完成句子（1） He would never frighten anyone or （伤害他们）. （2） He may look fierce，but he （无恶意）. （3） The court case will （严重损害）my business. 辨析填空：injure/hurt/wound/harm （4） He ignored her on purpose，which her feelings. （5） Reading in the sun will your eyes. （6） Five people were killed and many others were seriously in the attack. （7） Luckily she was not badly and we took her to the nearest hospital. 单句语法填空（8）［词汇复现］As we all know，eating fried food frequently is （harm）to your health. （9）［词汇复现］Soldiers （wound）in the area conflict have been well treated. cause/do them any harm means no harm from do serious harm to harmwounded injured harmful wounded教材原句 It is clearly desirable to limit TV advertisements for fast food. 限制快餐的电视广告显然是可取的。3 desirable adj. 理想的，值得拥有的；值得做的It is most desirable that he should attend the forum. 他能参加此次论坛是最好不过的了。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望，渴求；希望得到；想要They desired them to consider the consequence of the decision. 他们希望他们考虑这个决定的后果。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 have a strong desire to do sth 迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth 有得到某物的强烈欲望desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事desire that...（should）do sth 渴望……做某事 The household desired to go hiking at the weekend. 这家人想周末去远足。［词汇复现］ We all desire him to give us a further explanation about his new theory. 我们都希望他就他的新理论为我们作进一步的解释。［词汇复现］ 【注意】desire 后接从句时，从句的谓语用“should + 动词原形”， should 可以省略。He has a desire that his book should be read by as many people as possible. 他希望他的书被尽可能多的人阅读。单句语法填空（1） The house has many （desire） features. （2）［词汇复现］They desired that man apologise for his mistakes. （3）［词汇复现］To our amazement，she desired that she （be）given another chance to work in that company. （4）He had a strong desire leaving a good impression on that strange person. （5）［词汇复现］He has a strong desire （build）his own house in the suburbs. 一句多译上个月离婚后，那位女士渴望开一个自己的小食品杂货店。（6） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire v.） （7） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire n.） （8） ［词汇复现］Following the divorce last month， the lady a small grocery of her own.（desire that...） desirable to（should）be forto build desired to open had a desire to open desired that she（should）open 教材原句 A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这个想法的一个原因是， 制造这些产品可以创造就业机会，并带来大量的税收。4 large amounts of 大量的；大批的（后通常接不可数名词） 搭配 large/small amounts of + 不可数名词+ 复数谓语动词 a large/small amount of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词A large amount of money was spent on the celebrations. =Large amounts of money were spent on the celebrations. 庆祝活动花费了大量资金。【归纳拓展】 “许多，大量”的多种表达（1）a good/great many a large/great number of + 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词 quite a few（2）many a（n）+ 可数名词单数+ 单数谓语动词（3）a good/great deal of + 不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词（4）a lot of/lots of plenty of + a large quantity of（5）large quantities of+ 不可数名词/ 可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词可数名词复数+ 复数谓语动词不可数名词+ 单数谓语动词单句语法填空（1）With more forests being destroyed，a large amount of good earth （be） being washed away each year. （2） There （be）large amounts of information about the author’s birthplace. （3） A number of high buildings （arise）where there was nothing but ruins a year ago. （4） A large quantity of water （waste） every year. 一句多译（5）［词汇复现］许多学生在这次暑假活动中建立起了紧密的联系。A：______________________________ B： ______________________________ C： ______________________________ D： ______________________________ E： ______________________________ F：________________________________ student shave built up c lose bonds during the summer vacation activity. isarehave arisen is wasted A good/great many A large/great number of Quite a fewA lot of/Lots of Plenty of A large quantity of/Large quantities of 教材原句 The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses... 投资在制造这些不健康产品上的钱可以拿来做更值得的事…… 5 invest vi. & vt. 投资；（把资金）投入 invest（sth）in... 对……投资（以获得利润） 搭配 invest（sth）in/on...（政府、企业或机构）把（资金）投入…… invest sth in sth 投入（时间、精力等）在某事上 invest sth（in）doing sth 投入（时间、精力等）做某事The government has invested heavily in public transport.政府已对公共交通投入了大量资金。【词语积累】investment n. 投资 investor n. 投资者 单句语法填空（1） He invested his life savings his daughter’s business. （2） Now is a good time （invest）in the property market. 完成句子（3） Education is the best way for a nation （对未来投资）. （4） （投资者）reacted positively t o （投资）this area. into invest to invest in the future Investors investing in 教材原句 To conclude，laws to ban TV advertisements of unhealthy products are beneficial to society. 总之， 法律禁止不健康产品的电视广告对社会是有益的。6 conclude v. 作出结论，推断出；（使）结束 conclude...from... 从……中推断出…… 搭配 conclude（...）with... 以……结束（……） to conclude（=in conclusion）总之I concluded from his words that he was against the plan. 我从他的话中推断出他反对这项计划。The evening concluded with dinner and speeches. 这个夜晚在宴会和讲话中结束。【词语积累】 conclusion n. 结局；结论，推论 arrive at/come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论jump to conclusions 匆忙下结论 in conclusion 最后；总之He came to the conclusion that there were many people infected with cholera. 他得出了结论：许多人感染了霍乱。We can safely draw some conclusions from the discussion. 从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。In conclusion，I’d like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。 单句语法填空（1） Don’t jump to （conclude） before considering all the facts，or you may be easily taken in. （2） The research lacks solid evidence，and therefore， its （conclude）are doubtful. （3） conclusion，I would like to thank everyone who has helped us. （4） The speaker concluded his speech a famous saying. 完成句子（5）Many experts （得出结论）that many diseases were linked to smoking. （6） （ 最后），with the extra evidence，we can draw a conclusion with certainty. conclusions conclusions In witharrived at/came to/reached/drew the conclusion To conclude/In conclusion 7 beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的，有益的；受益的搭配：be beneficial to 对……有益Mr Smith guaranteed it was a mutually beneficial agreement. 史密斯先生保证这是一项互惠协议。It is beneficial to eyesight to do eye exercises. 做眼保健操对视力有益。【词语积累】 benefit v. 使受益；得益于 n. 益处，好处 benefit from/by 从……中受益，受益于…… for the benefit of 为了……的利益 【学法点拨】 be beneficial to=be of benefit to=benefit 对……有益 [译］阳光对植物有益。Sunlight is beneficial to plants. Sunlight is of benefit to plants. Sunlight benefits plants. Plants benefit from sunlight完成句子（1） China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ___________________ （为了……的利益）all its citizens. 单句语法填空（2） It is evident that kids can benefit reading large quantities of books. （3） The new hospital will be （benefit） to the local poor people. （4）［词汇复现］Students who benefit the loan supporting their study decide to reward their country after graduation. 一句多译 （5） 多读书对我们有益。Reading a lot us. Reading a lot us. Reading a lot us. We reading a lot. for the benefit of from/bybeneficial from/by is beneficial tois of benefit tobenefitsbenefit from/by 教材原句 ... it is generally agreed that a patient’s chances of recovery decline the longer they stay in a coma. ……但人们普遍认为，病人昏迷的时间越长，恢复的可能性就越小。8 recovery n. 康复，痊愈；恢复His recovery from illness made him take an optimistic attitude to life. 他的病愈使得他对生活持乐观的态度。【词语积累】 recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得 recover sth 找回某物recover oneself 清醒过来，恢复冷静 recover from... 从……中恢复过来After a short amazement，he recovered his calmness. 一阵惊愕之后，他恢复了平静。［词汇复现］ The bakery has recovered from the big fire. 面包店已从大火中恢复过来。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］We wish the sociologist would make a full （recover）from the operation. （2）［词汇复现］The player is under good treatment and he will recover his injury on his leg bone in time for the next game. （3）［ 词汇复现］After recovering （she）， the girl burst into laughter. （4）［词汇复现］After （recover）from his illness，he began to hang out. （5）［词汇复现］His quick recovery the illness left a deep impression on the doctor. recovery fromherself recovering/ recovery from教材原句 You trip on a loose piece of carpet and twist your ankle. 你被一块松散的地毯绊了一下，扭伤了脚踝。9 loose adj. 松的；宽大的；不牢固的；不确切的The bond between them is loose. 他们之间的联系不紧密。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 loosen v.（使）放松，变松 loosely adv. 松弛地；宽松地；不严密地The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as playing music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 这些音乐人除演奏音乐外，还彼此打趣逗笑。（他们的）大多数音乐多少有点模仿甲壳虫乐队。【归纳拓展】 let...loose 让……自由；任……自由行动；释放；放开et loose sth（尤指大声或突然）发出，喊出，发表set...loose 让……自由 get/break loose（from...）挣脱（……），逃脱（……） While walking the dog near the clinic，he was careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 在诊所附近遛狗的时候，他不太小心，狗挣脱后被一辆汽车撞了。［词汇复现］ The woman with a tear-stained face let loose a long，deep sigh. 那个面带泪痕的女人喟然长叹了一声。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］Those books were （loose）packed up. 完成句子（2） 那个讨厌的男孩抓住迪克的胳膊不松手。［词汇复现］That annoying boy caught Dick’s arm and would not . （3） 君主应永不放松对权力的掌控。［词汇复现］An emperor should never of power. （4） 还清贷款后，她觉得自己松了一口气。［词汇复现］After paying off the loan，she felt she . （5） 马蒂想摆脱法律的惩罚。［词汇复现］Marty wants to legal punishment. （6） 郊区的青少年有许多地方可以放松自己。［词汇复现］Teenagers in the suburbs have many places to . loosely let his hold loose loosen the grasp was set loose get/break loose from let themselves loose 教材原句 Some argue that this is just greed... 有人认为这只是贪婪…… 10 greed n. 贪欲，贪婪；贪心The old man has detected the greed in her eyes. 老人察觉到了她眼中的贪婪。［词汇复现］ The drummer’s greed for money was his ruin. 那位鼓手对金钱的贪得无厌毁了他。［词汇复现］ 【词语积累】 greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；渴望的 greedily adv. 贪吃地；贪心地；贪婪地Don’t be so greedy. There is still much food in the canteen. 别这么贪心，食堂里还有很多吃的。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 be greedy for... 对……贪婪；渴望…… Almost all of the youth are greedy for maturity. 几乎所有的年轻人都渴望成熟。［词汇复现］ 单句语法填空（1） ［词汇复现］That （greed）merchant has been arrested recently. （2）［词汇复现］The hungry tailor （greed）grasped the bread. （3）［词汇复现］They are greedy a solution to the problem. 完成句子（4） 所有的孩子都渴望去那个著名的旅游景点。［词汇复现］All the children the departure for that famous tourist attraction. （5） 她对财产的贪婪使她失去了本性。［词汇复现］ property made her lose her nature. greedy greedily forare greedy for Her greed for 教材原句 Staff at a famous company is used to dealing with requests for compensation following poor weather，cancelled flights and lost luggage... 一家著名公司的员工习惯于处理恶劣天气、航班取消和行李丢失后的赔偿请求…… 11 request n. & vt. 请求，要求More flowers have been placed on the balcony at his request. 应他的要求，阳台上摆放了更多的花。［词汇复现］ 【归纳拓展】 make a request for... 请求……；要求…… at one’s request = at the request of sb 应某人的要求request sb to do sth 请求/ 要求某人做某事 request sth from sb 向某人要求某物request that...（should）do sth 要求……做某事It is requested that...（should）do sth. 据要求……做某事。Anyhow，at the public’s request，the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly. 不管怎样，应公众要求，新的交通规则已作了微调。［词汇复现］ All members of the club are requested to attend the annual forum. 俱乐部的全体会员均须参加一年一度的论坛。［词汇复现］ 【注意】动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、 同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语为“（should +）动词原形”。 单句语法填空（1）［词汇复现］ the request of the defendant，the lawyer showed those legal documents. （2）［词汇复现］People are requested not （smoke）in the canteen. 同义句改写［ 词汇复现］He requested that the students should not touch the exhibits in the gallery. → （3） His request was that the students in the gallery. （4） It was requested that the students in the gallery. （5） He requested the students in the gallery. （6） The students were requested in the gallery. At to smoke （should）not touch the exhibits （should）not touch the exhibits not to touch the exhibits not to touch the exhibits 重点句式 教材原句 ... they are much less likely to try to copy their behaviour. ……他们很可能就不会去模仿他们的行为。1 Sb be likely to do sth. “Sb be likely to do sth.”意为“某人可能做某事”，可与“It’s likely that sb do（es） sth.”作同义转换。She is likely to adopt that child. = It’ s likely that she adopts that child. 她可能收养那个孩子。［词汇复现］ 【注意】“It’s likely that sb do（es）sth.”结构中，It 是形式主语，替代 that 从句。【词语辨析】likely，possible 与 probable 可能性大小：probable > likely > possible Sb be likely to do sth.，It is possible （for sb） to do sth.，It is likely/ possible/probable + that sb... 都可表示“某人可能做某事”。她有可能通过这次考试。She is likely to pass the exam. It is possible for her to pass the exam. It is likely/possible/probable that she will pass the exam. 完成句子（1） 汤姆很可能会严守这个秘密。A： ［词汇复现］ Tom will keep it a secret resolutely. B： ［词汇复现］Tom keep it a secret resolutely. （2） 如果你不戒掉吸烟那个令人讨厌的习惯， 你的身体健康可能会受到损害。 A： ［词汇复现］ suffer from bad health if you don’t give up that annoying habit—smoking. B： ［词汇复现］ you will suffer from bad health if you don’t give up that annoying habit—smoking. It is likely/probable that is likely to You are likely to It is likely/probable that 教材原句 A reason why people are against the idea is that making the products creates jobs and brings in large amounts of tax. 人们反对这个想法的一个原因是，制造这些产品可以创造就业机会，并带来大量的税收。【句式分析】此句为主从复合句，why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语 从句。此句式常遵循“The reason why...is that...”结构，意为“…… 的原因是……”。2 表语从句的特殊句式（1）The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……（why 引导定语从句， 修饰 the reason，that 引导表语从句） （ 2）This/That/It is because... 这 / 那是因为……（because 引导表语 从句，从句表原因） （ 3）This/That/It is why... 这 / 那就是……的原因。（why 引导表语 从句，从句表结果） The reason why he didn’t come is that he had not received the invitation. 他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。The woman was weeping bitterly. That’s because her son was drowned in a river. 那个女人痛哭流涕，那是因为她的儿子在河中溺亡了。（先果后因） The woman’s son was drowned in a river. That’s why she was weeping bitterly. 那个女人的儿子在河中溺亡了，那就是她痛哭流涕的原因。（先因后果） 单句语法填空（1） That’s I help brighten people’s days. If you don’t，who’s to say that another person will? （2） Jack didn’t take part in the sports meeting. That is he fell ill suddenly. = Jack fell ill suddenly. That is he didn’t take part in the sports meeting. = Jack didn’t take part in the sports meeting. The reason is he fell ill suddenly. （3） The reason we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. （4）［词汇复现］The reason why he dived into the river is he wanted to save the drowning child. whybecausewhythatwhythat教材原句 The money invested in making these unhealthy products could be used for more worthwhile businesses，such as those that improve our environment. 投资在制造这些不健康产品上的钱可以拿来做更值得的事，例如改善环境。【句式分析】句子主干为The money...could be used for more worthwhile businesses，其中invested in making these unhealthy products 为过去分词短语作定语。3 过去分词（短语）作定语过去分词（短语）作定语时的位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被修饰词之后， 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。I was requested to carry out a plan supported by most people. =I was requested to carry out a plan which was supported by most people. 我被要求执行一个大多数人支持的计划。［词汇复现］ 【学法点拨】 （1）有些单个的过去分词，在习惯上往往放在被修饰词之后。 There is little time left. Let’s hurry up. 剩余的时间不多了，我们抓紧吧。（2）过去分词修饰代词时，应放在被修饰词之后。He is one of those invited. 他是那些受邀者之一。 （3）有些过去分词作定语，前置和后置的意义不同。试比较： This is a used car. 这是一辆二手车。 The method used is very efficient. 所用的这个方法很有效。 【误区警示】 过去分词作定语的意义（1）不及物动词：只表示完成，不表示被动a retired teacher 退休教师 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起的太阳（2）及物动词：表示被动和完成an honoured guest 一位受尊敬的客人 deeply moved people 深受感动的人们the broken glass 碎了的杯子 the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 单句语法填空（1） Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time （spend）with his students. （2） In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message （hide） within the work. （3） The works （show）at the exhibition are priceless. （4） He planned to use the money （leave）to buy a second-hand motorbike. （5） Our teacher asked us to use the words （give）to make up sentences. （6） The experience （gain）through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in the future. （7） The problem （discuss）yesterday has something to do with our work. spent hidden shown leftgivengaineddiscussed 完成句子（8） （所有相关的专家）will attend the conference. （9）［词汇复现］You’d better not disturb the students （全神贯注于）their study. 同义句改写 （10）What do you think of the play which was put on by the students? = What do you think of the play ? （11）The girl who is dressed in white will make a summary about the meeting. = The girl will make a summary about the meeting. All the experts concernedabsorbed in/devoted to put on by the students dressed in white THE END
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