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江苏省泰州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期初调研考试试题 （Word版附解析）
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这是一份江苏省泰州市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期初调研考试试题 （Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了考试结束后，将答题卡交回， What will Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高二调研测试英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟;总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man looking forward to during this summer?
A. Getting up late. B. Working at home. C. Going on a holiday.
2. How does the woman feel now?
A. Tired. B. Hungry. C. Relaxed.
3. What is the man probably doing?
A. Buying a drink. B. Learning to cook. C. Asking about the weather.
4. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Fix the window in the kitchen.
B. Give his opinion on her work.
C. Help her clean up the room.
5. What will Mr. Wilson do next?
A. Give a lesson. B. Visit his doctor.
C. Print a document
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?
A. Friends. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister.
7. What will the man do this Friday night?
A. Go to the movies. B. Watch a light show. C. Visit a local village.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their unhealthy eating habits.
B. Their ways to lose weight
C. Their working life.
9. How does the woman go to work now?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about the man’s father?
A He dislikes reading books.
B. His birthday is coming up.
C. He directed the TV series Planet Earth.
11. Which section will the man probably visit first?
A. The Science section.
B. The Literature section.
C. The Natural History section.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Make a reading list. B. Take reading notes. C. Read 20 books a year.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. In a TV studio. C. In a concert hall.
14. When did the man’s world tour begin?
A. In March. B. In July. C. In September.
15. Which city did the man visit for the first time during the tour?
A. Paris. B. London. C. New Orleans.
16. Why did the man enjoy London most?
A. He lived in a fancy hotel there.
B. He loved the weather of London.
C. He had fun with his friends there.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 How will the listeners get to the ice caves?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By boat.
18. When will the listeners see the sunrise?
A. At 6:30 a.m. B. At 9:00 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
19. What will the listeners see around Snaefell Mountain?
A. Wild deer. B. A big snowman. C. A beautiful sunset.
20. What will the listeners do on Thursday evening?
A. Drive snow vehicles.
B. Head back to the city center.
C. Enjoy a traditional celebration.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分42.5分)
第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
On a recent late fall afternoon at Teddington, the white branches of trees overhung the banks of the Thames, leaves slowly turning yellow. Green walnuts covered the ground. The shallow water ran fast and cold over the rocky bottom, but it was littered with the white shells of dead mussels.
Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.
To shed light on the long-erm trend, Isobel Ollard and David Aldridge at the University of Cambridge found the earliest study available on these mussel populations, a survey on the Thames in Reading, Berkshire, dating from 1964.
In 2022, the pair collected samples and found that the number of duck mussels per given area had decreased to just 1.1 per cent of 1964 levels. The painter mussels had fallen to 3.2 per cent of 1964 levels, and they found no living samples of the depressed river mussels at all. Mussels collected in 2022 were also smaller, reaching between 65 per cent and 90 percent of the length they would have been in 1964 at the same age.
Ollard says this will be having an impact on the ecosystem, because mussels provide important functions in freshwater environments. They can filter (过滤) around 8-10 gallons of river water each day, making the whole river a better environment for fish, plants and bugs. Mussels also benefit the people who use their rivers as a source of drinking water.
While no zebra mussels and Asian clams were found in the 1964 survey, she saw the populations of both rose in the latest survey, but still not enough to make up for the drop in shellfish numbers. “Pollution may be to blame for the overall fall,” Ollard says.
1. Why does the author describe the scene on the Thames in Paragraph 1?
A. To present a fact. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To make a prediction.
2. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. They carried out a survey of mussels’ habitat.
B. They analyzed the historical data of climate change.
C. They recorded how mussels changed from year to year.
D. They compared mussel populations to those of the past.
3. What Ollard’s attitude to the drop in mussel numbers?
A. Cautious. B. Worried. C. Unclear. D. Optimistic.
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce the function of mussels.
B. To explain the extinction of mussels.
C To propose new methods of protecting mussels.
D. To reveal the dramatic decline in mussel numbers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量减少所进行的调查。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“The shallow water ran fast and cold over the rocky bottom, but it was littered with the white shells of dead mussels.(冰冷的浅水快速流过岩石底部，但上面散落着死贻贝的白色贝壳。)”和第二段的“Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.(1964年至2022年间，英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相关研究人员怀疑这是由于污染、栖息地丧失和气候变化的影响。)”可推知，作者在第一段描述泰晤士河死贻贝的场景是为了引出本文贻贝数量下降这一话题。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“In 2022, the pair collected samples and found that the number of duck mussels per given area had decreased to just 1.1 per cent of 1964 levels. The painter mussels had fallen to 3.2 per cent of 1964 levels, and they found no living samples of the depressed river mussels at all. Mussels collected in 2022 were also smaller, reaching between 65 per cent and 90 percent of the length they would have been in 1964 at the same age.(2022年，他们收集了样本，发现每个特定区域的鸭贻贝数量已经下降到1964年水平的1.1%。画家贻贝的数量已经下降到1964年水平的3.2%，他们根本没有发现萧条的河贻贝的活样本。2022年采集的贻贝也更小，长度只有1964年相同年龄贻贝长度的65%到90%。)”可推知，研究人员通过将贻贝的数量与过去进行比较来进行这项研究，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Ollard says this will be having an impact on the ecosystem, because mussels provide important functions in freshwater environments.(Ollard说，这将对生态系统产生影响，因为贻贝在淡水环境中具有重要的功能。)”可知，Ollard对贻贝数量下降表示担心，故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段的“Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.(1964年至2022年间，英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相关研究人员怀疑这是由于污染、栖息地丧失和气候变化的影响。)”可知，本文主要讲的是对英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量减少所进行的调查，其目的是揭示贻贝数量的急剧下降。故选D。
B
Back in April, Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, took over Twitter for a cool $44 billion. That’s a lot of money, even for a billionaire. However, its appeal isn’t obvious. It has around 436 million users every month, which isn’t nothing—but is still a long way behind Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. It also makes a relatively low profit. Then why would Musk make the purchase?
The answer might be what makes Titter so interesting: what it lacks in profits, size or growth potential, it makes up for in some way. It has an unmatched ability to shape the culture we live in. Twitter’s cultural power is easy to see. Click on any news article, and there’s a good chance that it’s quoting what someone said on Twitter.
What makes the platform significant is its users. Twitter is a bar full of rich people, whereas Facebook is just like the McDonald’s across the street. What Twitter is good at is acting as a global watercooler—a channel for small talk, jokes and informal connections. Because the people hanging out on Twitter are types of great importance and influence, what happens on it can actually affect the rest of the world.
However, its ability to influence the real world has strange results too. What happens on Twitter sometimes can only be known, understood, or appreciated by a relatively small number of people and bear little relation to the “real” world. Recent politics gives us a good example: during a recent debate, the BBC spent ten minutes talking about mean tweets about the candidates’ clothes instead of anything that actually matters.
But in any case, it’s a powerful example of Twitter’s cultural power. This explains why Musk might pay big money for it. Because even if it doesn’t make business sense, if you own Twitter you have a voice in the world’s most important watercooler conversation.
5. What made Musk want to buy Twitter?
A. Twitter’s business potential. B. Twitter’s high profits.
C. Twitter’s numerous users. D. Twitter’s cultural significance.
6. Why can Twitter influence the world?
A. It gains a big advantage over Facebook.
B. It has important and influential users.
C. It keeps people informed of the latest news.
D. It responds to what happens in the world quickly.
7. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The weaknesses of Twitter B. The threats to Titer’s survival.
C. The contents on the platform. D. The complaints against social media.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Who is in charge of Titter? B. What is Twitter?
C. Why is Twitter so important? D. How is Twitter promoted?
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章由马斯克当初重金收购推特切入，介绍了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The answer might be what makes Titter so interesting: what it lacks in profits, size or growth potential, it makes up for in some way. It has an unmatched ability to shape the culture we live in. Twitter’s cultural power is easy to see. (答案可能就是Titter如此有趣的原因：它在利润、规模或增长潜力方面的不足，它会以某种方式弥补。它在塑造我们生活的文化方面有着无可比拟的能力)”可知，Musk收购Titter是因为它在文化方面的重要性，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“What makes the platform significant is its users. Twitter is a bar full of rich people, whereas Facebook is just like the McDonald’s across the street. What Twitter is good at is acting as a global watercooler—a channel for small talk, jokes and informal connections. Because the people hanging out on Twitter are types of great importance and influence, what happens on it can actually affect the rest of the world. (这个平台的重要之处在于它的用户。推特是一个满是富人的贴吧，而Facebook就像街对面的麦当劳。Twitter所擅长的是充当一个全球噱头——一个闲聊、笑话和非正式联系的渠道。因为在Twitter上闲逛的人都是非常重要和有影响力的类型，在Twitter上发生的事情实际上可以影响世界其他地方)”可知，因为Twitter上有重要和有影响力的用户，所以发生的事情可以影响世界，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, its ability to influence the real world has strange results too. What happens on Twitter sometimes can only be known, understood, or appreciated by a relatively small number of people and bear little relation to the “real” world. (然而，它影响现实世界的能力也产生了奇怪的结果。Twitter上发生的事情有时只能被相对少数的人知道、理解或欣赏，与“真实”世界几乎没有关系)”可知，本段介绍Twitter的弱点，故选A。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“But in any case, it’s a powerful example of Twitter’s cultural power. This explains why Musk might pay big money for it. Because even if it doesn’t make business sense, if you own Twitter you have a voice in the world’s most important watercooler conversation. (但无论如何，这都是Twitter文化力量的有力例证。这就解释了为什么马斯克可能会花大价钱购买它。因为即使这在商业上没有意义，如果你拥有Twitter，你就在世界上最重要的噱头对话中有了发言权)”可知，文章由马斯克当初重金收购推特切入，介绍了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。C项“为什么推特如此重要”可以作为本文标题。故选C。
C
When our family drove to our hotel on the night of 29 September, 1994, I prayed I would never be in such a bleak place. The streets were deserted, and we were leaving the hospital where our seven-year-old son lay in a deep unconsciousness. We wanted only to go home, to take Nicholas with us and to hold his hand again. It had been the worst night of our lives. In lives that only a few hours before had been full of warmth and laughter, there was now a total emptiness.
Within days, our personal experience turned into a worldwide story. Newspapers and television told of the shooting attack by car robbers, Nicholas’s death and our decision to donate his organs. Since then, many streets, schools and hospitals in Italy have been named after him.
All this is for a decision—we’ve forgotten which of us suggested it. I remember the silent room and the doctors, hesitant to ask questions about organ donation. “Now that he’s gone, shouldn’t we donate the organs?” one of us asked. “Yes,” the other replied.
Nicholas was dead. The future of a bright little creature had been taken away. It was important to us that someone else should have that future. It turned out to be seven people’s future, most of them young, most very sick.
We are pleased this incident has caused organ donation rates to increase dramatically in Italy—a result called the “Nicholas effect”. It seems unfair, however, to the thousands of parents who have made exactly the same decision. Their loss is no different from ours, but their willingness to share has remained largely unrecognized.
For them, like us, the emptiness is always close by. I don’t believe we will ever be really happy again. But our joy in seeing the life that would otherwise have been lost is so uplifting that it has given us some comfort for what would have been just an act of violence.
9. What does the underlined word “bleak” mean in Paragraph 1?
A Encouraging. B. Hopeless.
C. Attractive. D. Annoying
10. What led to Nicholas’s death?
A. A gun attack. B. A street fight.
C. A car accident. D. A serious illness.
11. Why did Nicholas’s parents decide to donate their son’s organs?
A. They chose to take the doctors’ advice.
B. They wished to increase donation rates.
C. They attempted to attract the public’s attention.
D. They wanted to give others a second chance at life.
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Italy witnesses a sharp decrease in violence.
B. The parents have completely got rid of their sadness.
C. Their decision has encouraged public organ donation in Italy.
D. Other contributors think it is unfair not to be recognized.
【答案】9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的儿子去世后作者捐献了儿子的器官，这导致意大利的器官捐献率急剧上升。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“The streets were deserted, and we were leaving the hospital where our seven-year-old son lay in a deep unconsciousness.(街上人去楼空，我们正要离开医院，我们七岁的儿子躺在那里昏迷不醒。)”可知，作者年幼的儿子昏迷不醒，他们感觉一切都没有了希望。划线词所在句子表示“我祈祷自己永远不会身处如此绝望的地方”，划线词bleak的意思是“无望的”，和hopeless意思相近，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Newspapers and television told of the shooting attack by car robbers, Nicholas’s death and our decision to donate his organs.(报纸和电视报道了汽车劫匪的枪击事件、尼古拉斯的死亡以及我们决定捐献他的器官。)”可知，枪击事件导致了尼古拉斯的死亡，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“It was important to us that someone else should have that future. It turned out to be seven people’s future, most of them young, most very sick.(对我们来说，让别人拥有这样的未来很重要。事实证明是七个人的未来，他们大多数都很年轻，大多数病得很重。)”可知，尼古拉斯的父母决定捐献他们儿子的器官是因为他们想给别人第二次生命。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“We are pleased this incident has caused organ donation rates to increase dramatically in Italy—a result called the “Nicholas effect”.(我们很高兴这一事件导致意大利的器官捐献率急剧上升，这一结果被称为“尼古拉斯效应”。)”可知，他们的决定鼓励了意大利的器官捐献。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever tried asking for respect from another adult?____13____Furthermore, demanding respect from coworkers, family members or business associates is almost out of the question.
That’s because the concept of respect must be spoon-fed at an early age. Adults who don’t understand the importance of respect are not likely to change. In the developmental years, they all need to comprehend kindness, behaving politely and using good manners.____14____They can easily open career doors, maintain good relationships and manage groups of people.
That’s why it pays to teach respectful behavior to children and young adults in your life. These include nieces and nephews, students or younger employees.
Giving and getting respect is the best way to keep society in harmony. How? We don’t waste time in arguing and rocking each other’s boat.____15____
●____16____Show them how to eat in a healthy way, get enough rest, take care of their clothes and help with housework. Show them they are valuable.
●Point out the good qualities of other people. Help your children focus on positive aspects of people from other cultures, neighborhoods and socioeconomic backgrounds.
●Teach them that everyone does not think alike.____17____Tell your children, “Learn more about what your friends are thinking. Ask questions. Try to see the viewpoints of others.”
●Allow your child to have a pet if possible. Caring for an animal is also an effective means of helping your child understand the feelings and needs of another creature.
A. It’s difficult to accomplish.
B. Teach them to respect themselves.
C. Teach them to live a healthy lifestyle.
D. Explain every person views situations differently.
E. Adults who are respectful are likely to become successful.
F. An adult with good manners will surely have a safe ride in life
G. These points are critical to showing your kids how to give respect.
【答案】13. A 14. E 15. G 16. B 17. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在生活中教导孩子和年轻人尊重的行为。
【13题详解】
空后说“Furthermore, demanding respect from coworkers, family members or business associates is almost out of the question.(此外，要求同事、家人或商业伙伴的尊重几乎是不可能的。)”，这说明向另一个成年人寻求尊重是很难的，A选项“It’s difficult to accomplish.(这很难完成。)”说明了要向另一个成年人寻求尊重是困难的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【14题详解】
空后说“They can easily open career doors, maintain good relationships and manage groups of people.(他们可以轻松地打开职业大门，保持良好的关系，管理一群人。)”，这说明对他人尊重的人是很可能成功的，E选项“Adults who are respectful are likely to become successful.(尊重他人的成年人很可能会成功。)”说明了尊重他人的人可能成功，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【15题详解】
空前说“Giving and getting respect is the best way to keep society in harmony. How? We don’t waste time in arguing and rocking each other’s boat.(给予和获得尊重是保持社会和谐的最好方法。怎么做？我们不把时间浪费在争论和惹是生非。)”，空格处应该对空前所说的方法进行评价，G选项“These points are critical to showing your kids how to give respect.(这些要点是教你的孩子如何给予尊重的关键。)”是对上述方法进行的评价，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段主题句，空后说“Show them how to eat in a healthy way, get enough rest, take care of their clothes and help with housework. Show them they are valuable.(教他们如何健康饮食，如何获得足够的休息，如何打理自己的衣服和帮助做家务。向他们展示自己的价值。)”，这些方法都是自重的方法，B选项“Teach them to respect themselves.(教他们尊重自己。)”概括了本段内容，可作为本段主题句，故选B。
【17题详解】
空前说“Teach them that everyone does not think alike.(教他们每个人的想法都不一样。)”，空格处应该要说“每个人的想法不一样”，D选项“Explain every person views situations differently.(解释每个人对情况的看法不同。)”说明了要给孩子们讲清楚每个人的想法和看法不一样，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分37.5分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It all started with a post on the social media.
Returning home from the____18____store, Simone felt she must help the elderly in her community to practice____19____social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. With this in mind, she reached out to her friends on Facebook. Unexpectedly, many____20____, expressing their willingness to volunteer. They decided to start an online platform called Invisible Hands Deliver.
Just two days after____21____the initiative, they built a website that allowed the____22____in the community to make requests for groceries to be delivered to them. The web page also included a call for volunteers, which____23____gained over 1,000 sign-ups within the first week.
As the pandemic continued to worsen in New York, Invisible Hands Deliver witnessed a great deal of support from____24____individuals with similar beliefs. When a request was submitted on the website, it was____25____to all volunteers in the neighbourhood, so that anyone who was____26____could come to help. The delivery itself was_____27_____, since volunteers had been instructed to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors. All volunteers_____28_____strict safety rules. Like the wearing of medical gloves.
Following its success in New York, the platform_____29_____its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America. Inspired by their acts of kindness, similar networks have_____30_____worldwide.
In a time when the pandemic forced people apart, the_____31_____and able youths played a leading role in bridging the_____32_____and bringing communities together.
18. A. village B. grocery C. chain D. drug
19. A. better B. safer C. longer D. easier
20. A. responded B. disagreed C. ignored D. hesitated
21. A. favoring B. approving C. shaping D. launching
22. A. citizens B. volunteers C. seniors D. salesgirls
23. A. naturally B. amazingly C. secretly D. eventually
24. A. absent-minded B. simple-minded C. open-minded D. like-minded
25. A. sold B. handed C. forwarded D. explained
26. A. generous B. ambitious C. reliable D. available
27. A. contactless B. worthless C. senseless D. endless
28. A. developed B. relaxed C. obeyed D. provided
29. A. expanded B. moved C. reduced D. changed
30. A. stayed on B. sprung up C. broken down D. pulled through
31. A. willing B. elegant C. curious D. appealing
32. A. conflicts B. differences C. cultures D. gaps
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在COVID-19流行期间，Simone为了帮助社区的老年人保持更安全的社交距离，与朋友们在网上建立了Invisible Hands Deliver组织，号召志同道合的志愿者们为老人们配送生活物资，随后类似的网络平台在世界各地如雨后春笋般涌现。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从杂货店回家后，Simone觉得她必须帮助社区的老年人在COVID-19流行期间保持更安全的社交距离。A. village村庄；B. grocery杂货店；C. chain链条，连锁商店；D. drug毒品，药物。根据第三段中“to make requests for groceries to be delivered to them.”以及第四段中“to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，后文讲的如何让志愿者们给老人配送杂货，所以Simone应该是在杂货店看到老年人购物时保持的社交距离，才有的想法。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从杂货店回家后，Simone觉得她必须帮助社区的老年人在COVID-19流行期间保持更安全的社交距离。A. better更好的；B. safer更安全的；C. longer更长的； D. easier更容易的。根据第四段中“to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，为了让老年人保持更安全的社交距离，Simone才想到了创办Invisible Hands Deliver来为老人们无接触式的配送物资。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，她的许多朋友回应了，表示愿意做志愿者。A. responded反应，回应；B. disagreed不同意；C. ignored忽略；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“expressing their willingness to volunteer”可知，她的很多朋友们都给予了回应并且愿意成为志愿者。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在发起这项活动的两天后，他们就建立了一个网站，在网站上社区里的老年人可以要求把食品杂货送到他们手中。A. favoring偏爱，支持；B. approving批准，同意；C. shaping塑造；D. launching启动，发射。根据前文“They decided to start an online platform called Invisible Hands Deliver.”可知，他们启动了这个活动，这里的launch与前文的start相呼应。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在发起这项活动的两天后，他们就建立了一个网站，在网站上社区里的老年人可以要求把食品杂货送到他们手中。A. citizens市民；B. volunteers志愿者；C. seniors老年人；D. salesgirls女售货员。根据前文中的“the elderly”可知，他们是在帮助社区里的老年人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：该网页还号召志愿者，令人惊讶的是，在第一周内就有超过1000人报名。A. naturally自然地，当然；B. amazingly令人吃惊地；C. secretly秘密地；D. eventually最终地。根据后文“over 1,000 sign-ups within the first week.”可知，仅仅在第一周，就有超过1000多个人报名，这是令人吃惊的。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着流行病毒在纽约继续恶化，Invisible Hands Deliver这一组织得到了志同道合的人的大力支持。A. absent-minded心不在焉的；B. simple-minded头脑简单的，淳朴的；C. open-minded思想开放的；D. like-minded志趣相投的。根据后文“similar beliefs”可知，这些报名的志愿者们都有相同的信念，他们是志同道合的一群人。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个请求在网站上提交后，它会被转发给附近所有的志愿者，这样任何有时间的人都可以来帮忙。A. sold卖，销售；B. handed递，交； C. forwarded发送，转发；D. explained解释。根据前文“When a request was submitted on the website”可知，有人提交送货请求后，它就会被转发给每个志愿者，因为是在网站上，所以请求是被转发出去。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个请求在网站上提交后，它会被转发给附近所有的志愿者，这样任何有时间的人都可以来帮忙。A. generous大方的；B. ambitious有抱负的，野心勃勃的；C. reliable可依赖的；D. available可获得的，有空的。根据语境，这个组织里面有很多志愿者，所以在网站上看到有请求后，有空的志愿者就可以去帮助老人派送生活物资。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：送货本身是非接触式的，因为志愿者们被要求把食品杂货放在老人的门外。A. contactless无接触的；B. worthless没有价值的；C. senseless无意义的，无知觉的；D. endless无止境的。根据后文“since volunteers had been instructed to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，志愿者们提前已被告知，东西放在老人们的门外，所以这种配送方式是无接触的。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有志愿者都遵守严格的安全规定。A. developed发展；B. relaxed放松；C. obeyed遵守，服从；D. provided提供。根据后文“Like the wearing of medical gloves.”可知，志愿者们在配送生活物资时，会遵守严格的安全规定；obey the rules为固定搭配。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在纽约取得成功后，该平台将业务扩展到费城和美国其他地区。A. expanded扩大；B. moved 移动，搬家，感动；C. reduced减少；D. changed改变。根据后文“its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America.”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver这个组织初建于纽约，后来发展到了美国其他州。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在他们善举的鼓舞下，类似的网络平台在世界各地如雨后春笋般涌现。A. stayed on继续留下，逗留；B. sprung up涌现，兴起；C. broken down坏掉；D. pulled through度过难关，恢复健康。根据前文“Following its success in New York, the platform_______ its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America.”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver这个组织初建于纽约，随后发展到了美国其他州，受其启发，全世界相似的组织就涌现出来了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个流行病毒迫使人们分离的时代，有意愿和能力的青年们在弥合差距和团结社区方面发挥了主导作用。A. willing乐意的；B. elegant优雅的；C. curious好奇的；D. appealing有吸引力的。根据常识，志愿者们都是自愿奉献的人，所以他们是一群乐于奉献的年轻人。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个流行病毒迫使人们分离的时代，有意愿和能力的青年们在弥合差距和团结社区方面发挥了主导作用。A. conflicts冲突；B. differences差异；C. cultures文化；D. gaps鸿沟。根据固定搭配bridge the gap意为 “缩小差距”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since he was born in 1990 in Xizhuang village, Shanxi province, Jia Jinhui’s life has been closely associated with stone carving, ____33____ unique handicraft of China.
Jiangzhou stone carving ____34____ (date) back to at least 1,000 years ago, and Xizhuang has carefully preserved the tradition. Unlike other forms of stone carving, the Jiangzhou method is a comprehensive art that includes sculpture, painting, calligraphy, seal cutting and modeling.
After ____35____ (graduate) from junior middle school in 2006, Jia joined his elders to help develop the family business. He also spent a lot of time reading about traditional stone carving and art to improve his skills. In just a few years, his efforts paid off, ____36____ his pieces well-received at cultural exhibitions across the province and sold both ____37____ (domestic) and overseas. Later on, Jia introduced more people to ____38____ he was doing. Over the last few decades, he ____39____ (train) around 100 stone carvers from his village as well as nearby villages, ____40____ incomes have greatly increased.
In 2017, Jiangzhou stone carving was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage, ____41____ (encourage) more residents of Xizhuang to take up the trade. As a city-level inheritor (继承人), Jia feels it his _____42_____ (responsible) to pass on this traditional culture to the next generation.
【答案】33. a 34. dates
35. graduating##graduation
36. with 37. domestically
38. what 39. has trained
40. whose 41. encouraging
42. responsibility
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了绛州石雕技艺传承人家金辉以及绛州石雕。
【33题详解】
考查冠词。句意：家金辉1990年出生于山西西庄村，自那时起，他的生活就与石雕这一中国独特的手工艺紧密相连。可数名词handicraft在句中表示“一项手工艺”，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，其后单词unique发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
【34题详解】
考查时态。句意：绛州石雕至少可以追溯到1000年前，西庄精心保存了这一传统。设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据句意可知，此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，“Jiangzhou stone carving”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
【35题详解】
考查名词/动名词。句意：2006年初中毕业后，家金辉帮助长辈一起发展家族企业。设空处作介词“After”的宾语，应填graduate的名词或动名词形式。故填graduating/graduation。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：短短几年时间，他的努力就得到了回报，他的作品在全省各地的文化展览上广受欢迎，并远销国内外。句子结构分析可知，“____4____ his pieces well-received at cultural exhibitions across the province and sold both ____5____ (domestic) and overseas”为with的复合结构。故填with。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：短短几年时间，他的努力就得到了回报，他的作品在全省各地的文化展览上广受欢迎，并远销国内外。句子分析可知，设空处修饰动词sold，作状语，应填domestic的副词形式。故填domestically。
【38题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：后来，家金辉让更多的人了解他正在做的事情。句子分析可知，“____6____ he was doing”为名词性从句作介词to的宾语，设空处在从句中作“doing”的宾语，指“正在做的事情”，填连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，他从自己的村子和附近的村庄培训了大约100名石匠，这些人的收入大大增加了。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由“Over the last few decades”可知此句为现在完成时，“he”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填has trained。
【40题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在过去的几十年里，他从自己的村子和附近的村庄培训了大约100名石匠，这些人的收入大大增加了。句子分析可知，“____8____ incomes have greatly increased”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“100 stone carvers”，关系将先行词代入从句中作定语，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，绛州石雕被列为省级非物质文化遗产，鼓励了更多的西庄居民从事这一行业。句子分析可知，设空处在句中为非谓语动词，“Jiangzhou stone carving was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage”与“encourage”为逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处应填encourage的现在分词。故填encouraging。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为一名市级传承人，家金辉觉得自己有责任将这一传统文化传承给下一代。由空前“his”可知设空处应填responsible的名词形式。故填responsibility。
第三节(共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分)
根据首字母或中文提示写出单词，并注意所填单词的适当形式。
43. Enjoying the convenience brought by modern technology, we have to deal with the problems a_______from it.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】arising##rising
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在享受现代技术带来的便利的同时，我们也不得不处理由此产生的问题。由“the problems”可知，此处表示“在享受现代技术带来的便利的同时，我们也不得不处理由此产生的问题”，空格处意为“产生”，由首字母提示a可知，是arise，句中谓语是“have to deal with”，空格处用非谓语动词，problems和arise之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语，故填arising。
44. The thieves broke in and t_______to kill the shop assistant if their demands were not met. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】threatened##hreatened
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：小偷破门而入，威胁说如果不满足他们的要求，就杀了店员。根据首字母提示和句意可知，动词threaten符合题意；根据空前and可知，空处填动词的一般过去时，与broke in并列作谓语。故填threatened。
45. The young man was a_______of cheating and sentenced to two years in prison. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accused##ccused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个年轻人被指控欺诈，判2年监禁。根据首字母提示及句意可知，动词accuse“指控”符合题意，主语man和accuse之间是被动关系，应用过去分词和was构成一般过去时的被动语态，sb be accused of doing sth表示“某人被指控做某事”符合句意。故填accused。
46. Most teachers were in favor of the proposal; only a m_______objected to it strongly. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】minority##inority
【解析】
【详解】考查名词单数。句意：大多数老师都赞成这个提议；只有少数人强烈反对。结合首字母提示和不定冠词a可知，单数名词minority (少数人)作主语，符合句意。故填minority。
47. The general manager has come to the c_______that he’s not the right person for the job. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】conclusion## onclusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：总经理得出结论他不是这项工作的合适人选。结合句意和首字母提示可知，应用名词conclusion作宾语，构成固定短语come to a/the conclusion“得出结论”。故填conclusion/onclusion。
48. We should not develop our economy at the e_______of the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expense##xpense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。结合句意及首字母提示可知，名词expense“费用，价钱”符合提hi，不可数名词，at the expense of以……为代价，固定短语。故填expense。
49. There is strong evidence of a link between long-time e_______to the sun and skin cancer. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】exposure##xposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有强有力的证据表明，长期接触阳光与皮肤癌之间存在联系。设空处为宾语，应用名词形式，根据首字母和句意可知是exposure，意为“暴露”，故填exposure。
50. Ms Leighton will handle things of the company in the a_______of the general manager. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】absence##bsence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：雷顿女士将在总经理缺席的情况下处理公司事务。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用名词absence，表示“缺席，不在”，作介词in的宾语，符合题意。故填absence。
51. Passengers are supposed to board the plane half an hour before the_______(出发) time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】departure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乘客应该在出发时间前半小时登机。根据汉语提示，空处应用名词departure，表示“出发”，作定语修饰名词time，departure time表示“出发时间”。故填departure。
52. I am afraid that I can’t finish the task on schedule due to the_______(有限的) time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】limited##restricted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于时间有限，我恐怕不能按时完成任务了。根据“time”可知，空处需要填形容词，结合句意“因为时间有限，所以不能按时完成任务”，limited和restricted作形容词，表示“有限的”符合句意。故填limited/restricted。
53. John’s account of the event_______(相矛盾) Stephen’s and the fact remained unclear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contradicted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：约翰对这件事的叙述与斯蒂芬的叙述相矛盾，这件事情的真相仍不清楚。分析句子可知，“相矛盾”是谓语动词，用动词contradict表示，结合分句谓语动词remained可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填contradicted。
54. The two countries have maintained a_______(和睦的) relationship for many years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】harmonious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：两国多年来一直保持着和谐的关系。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“和睦的”应用harmonious，为形容词，在本句中作定语。故填harmonious。
55. The family _______(惊慌失措) when they saw smoke coming out of the engine of the boat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】panicked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：当他们看到船引擎冒烟时，全家人都慌了。句子分析可知，此句为主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语动词，动词panic意为“（使）惊慌失措”符合句意，根据从句“when they saw smoke coming out of the engine of the boat”可知主句应用一般过去时态，设空处填panic的过去式。故填panicked。
56. The methods of communication used during the war were_______(原始的) by today’s standards. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】primitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：以今天的标准来看，战争期间使用的通信方法是原始的。形容词primitive作表语。故填primitive。
57. The president’s former adviser is now one of his strongest political_______(反对者). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】opponents##objectors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：总统的前顾问现在是他最强大的政治对手之一。根据所给出的汉语提示并结合句意可知，应是名词“opponent”或“objector”，都有“反对者”含义。同时结合“one of…”可知，应是复数形式。故填opponents/objectors。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
58. 假定你是李华，你校下周五将举办中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。你的英国朋友Jack对传统中医很感兴趣，请写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.讲座的相关信息(时间、地点、主要内容等)；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on acupuncture to be held in our school.
The lecture is to take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the school hall, which will last two hours. Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, ranging from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
It must be a golden chance to learn some medical skills and further explore Chinese culture. Looking forward to your reply. (87 words)
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jack写封信，邀请他参加下周五在学校举办的中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
出席：attend→be present
各种各样的：various→varieties of
对……感兴趣：be enthusiastic about→be interested in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, ranging from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
拓展句：Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, which range from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on acupuncture to be held in our school.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】The lecture is to take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the school hall, which will last two hours.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My hero — Domi
Five years ago, I had a strange dream, directing me to adopt a particular dog. It was obvious from the dream that I would know the dog by his unusual face. But when I woke up, I could never recall what the unique facial feature was.
I was very curious. So early one Saturday morning, I went to the specified shelter to check the available adoptees. After looking carefully at all the dogs, I was disappointed that not one dog had anything unusual about its face.
On my way out of the shelter, I noticed a box of puppies (小狗) just outside of view from the main area. My attention was drawn to one puppy named Domi who appeared to have no fur on his face. I was worried about this strange-looking puppy, and hoped he hadn’t been injured. However, on closer inspection, I found he did have fur on his face, but it was a very odd shade of gray that made it look like skin. Satisfied and relieved that he was okay, I turned to leave the shelter.
And then it hit me: The face — it’s the dog with the unusual face! Immediately, I returned to the puppy. As I lifted him from the box, we bonded instantly. I knew I could not leave without him so I headed for the adoption desk. In that short amount of time, he had wrapped his paws around my heart; his barks, quite different from other dogs’, had a soothing (抚慰的) and comforting quality, also touching my soul.
Meeting with the shelter manager, I was informed a family had already selected him. There was, however, still a slight chance since the family had not made their final decision. After an anxiety-filled hour, I saw a member of the family, the mother, walk straight toward me, carrying Domi. My heart pounded as she approached. For a moment, she didn’t say a word. Then, with a broad smile, she said, “Here’s your dog.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was speechless as grateful tears were welling up in my eyes.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Domi was three I had a brain disorder and fainted from time to time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I was speechless as grateful tears were welling up in my eyes. I bowed to the woman and hugged Domi, feeling his paws securely on my back again. Although I was thankful to have him then, I didn’t know how lucky I would be later. I took the gray-faced puppy home. From the start, he was not a typically noisy puppy. He was calm, intelligent and very attentive. We lived happily, and as Domi grew into a heathy, robust dog, he became my valued companion.
When Domi was three, I had a brain disorder and fainted from time to time. Whenever I awakened, I found Domi standing beside me. Plus, focusing on his barking became a means to remain conscious. I came to rely on him to warn me before the disorder would take hold. I am now well and Domi has returned to his previous doggy activities, though still watchful of me and ready to be of assistance. Patting Domi, I murmured, “Some heroes wear uniforms or medals; my hero wears fur!” (150 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者做了一个奇怪的梦，它指引作者收养长着不同寻常的脸的狗，于是作者去动物收容所找到了这样一只狗Domi并打算收养，另一个想要收养Domi的家庭在犹豫之后把狗给了作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我说不出话来，感激的泪水夺眶而出。”可知，第一段可描写作者收养Domi后的生活。
②由第二段首句内容“Domi三岁的时候，我的大脑出现了紊乱，时常会晕倒。”可知，第二段可描写在Domi的帮助下作者痊愈。
2.续写线索：鞠躬感激——带Domi回家——生活得很快乐——生病——在Domi的帮助下痊愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱：hug/embrace
②醒来：awake/wake up
③专注于：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
①.感谢的：thankful/grateful
②幸运的：lucky/fortunate
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although I was thankful to have him then, I didn’t know how lucky I would be later. （由从属连词although引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. We lived happily, and as Domi grew into a heathy, robust dog, he became my valued companion. （由从属连词as引导时间状语从句）
听力答案：1—5 ABABC 6—10 ABCAB 11—15 CBBAC 16—20 CBCAC
高二调研测试英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟;总分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man looking forward to during this summer?
A. Getting up late. B. Working at home. C. Going on a holiday.
2. How does the woman feel now?
A. Tired. B. Hungry. C. Relaxed.
3. What is the man probably doing?
A. Buying a drink. B. Learning to cook. C. Asking about the weather.
4. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Fix the window in the kitchen.
B. Give his opinion on her work.
C. Help her clean up the room.
5. What will Mr. Wilson do next?
A. Give a lesson. B. Visit his doctor.
C. Print a document
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?
A. Friends. B. Mother and son. C. Brother and sister.
7. What will the man do this Friday night?
A. Go to the movies. B. Watch a light show. C. Visit a local village.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their unhealthy eating habits.
B. Their ways to lose weight
C. Their working life.
9. How does the woman go to work now?
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What do we know about the man’s father?
A He dislikes reading books.
B. His birthday is coming up.
C. He directed the TV series Planet Earth.
11. Which section will the man probably visit first?
A. The Science section.
B. The Literature section.
C. The Natural History section.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Make a reading list. B. Take reading notes. C. Read 20 books a year.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. In a TV studio. C. In a concert hall.
14. When did the man’s world tour begin?
A. In March. B. In July. C. In September.
15. Which city did the man visit for the first time during the tour?
A. Paris. B. London. C. New Orleans.
16. Why did the man enjoy London most?
A. He lived in a fancy hotel there.
B. He loved the weather of London.
C. He had fun with his friends there.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 How will the listeners get to the ice caves?
A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By boat.
18. When will the listeners see the sunrise?
A. At 6:30 a.m. B. At 9:00 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
19. What will the listeners see around Snaefell Mountain?
A. Wild deer. B. A big snowman. C. A beautiful sunset.
20. What will the listeners do on Thursday evening?
A. Drive snow vehicles.
B. Head back to the city center.
C. Enjoy a traditional celebration.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分42.5分)
第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
On a recent late fall afternoon at Teddington, the white branches of trees overhung the banks of the Thames, leaves slowly turning yellow. Green walnuts covered the ground. The shallow water ran fast and cold over the rocky bottom, but it was littered with the white shells of dead mussels.
Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.
To shed light on the long-erm trend, Isobel Ollard and David Aldridge at the University of Cambridge found the earliest study available on these mussel populations, a survey on the Thames in Reading, Berkshire, dating from 1964.
In 2022, the pair collected samples and found that the number of duck mussels per given area had decreased to just 1.1 per cent of 1964 levels. The painter mussels had fallen to 3.2 per cent of 1964 levels, and they found no living samples of the depressed river mussels at all. Mussels collected in 2022 were also smaller, reaching between 65 per cent and 90 percent of the length they would have been in 1964 at the same age.
Ollard says this will be having an impact on the ecosystem, because mussels provide important functions in freshwater environments. They can filter (过滤) around 8-10 gallons of river water each day, making the whole river a better environment for fish, plants and bugs. Mussels also benefit the people who use their rivers as a source of drinking water.
While no zebra mussels and Asian clams were found in the 1964 survey, she saw the populations of both rose in the latest survey, but still not enough to make up for the drop in shellfish numbers. “Pollution may be to blame for the overall fall,” Ollard says.
1. Why does the author describe the scene on the Thames in Paragraph 1?
A. To present a fact. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To make a prediction.
2. How did the researchers carry out the study?
A. They carried out a survey of mussels’ habitat.
B. They analyzed the historical data of climate change.
C. They recorded how mussels changed from year to year.
D. They compared mussel populations to those of the past.
3. What Ollard’s attitude to the drop in mussel numbers?
A. Cautious. B. Worried. C. Unclear. D. Optimistic.
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To introduce the function of mussels.
B. To explain the extinction of mussels.
C To propose new methods of protecting mussels.
D. To reveal the dramatic decline in mussel numbers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量减少所进行的调查。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“The shallow water ran fast and cold over the rocky bottom, but it was littered with the white shells of dead mussels.(冰冷的浅水快速流过岩石底部，但上面散落着死贻贝的白色贝壳。)”和第二段的“Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.(1964年至2022年间，英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相关研究人员怀疑这是由于污染、栖息地丧失和气候变化的影响。)”可推知，作者在第一段描述泰晤士河死贻贝的场景是为了引出本文贻贝数量下降这一话题。故选C。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“In 2022, the pair collected samples and found that the number of duck mussels per given area had decreased to just 1.1 per cent of 1964 levels. The painter mussels had fallen to 3.2 per cent of 1964 levels, and they found no living samples of the depressed river mussels at all. Mussels collected in 2022 were also smaller, reaching between 65 per cent and 90 percent of the length they would have been in 1964 at the same age.(2022年，他们收集了样本，发现每个特定区域的鸭贻贝数量已经下降到1964年水平的1.1%。画家贻贝的数量已经下降到1964年水平的3.2%，他们根本没有发现萧条的河贻贝的活样本。2022年采集的贻贝也更小，长度只有1964年相同年龄贻贝长度的65%到90%。)”可推知，研究人员通过将贻贝的数量与过去进行比较来进行这项研究，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Ollard says this will be having an impact on the ecosystem, because mussels provide important functions in freshwater environments.(Ollard说，这将对生态系统产生影响，因为贻贝在淡水环境中具有重要的功能。)”可知，Ollard对贻贝数量下降表示担心，故选B。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段的“Mussel populations in the river Thames in the UK dropped by as much as 99 per cent between 1964 and 2022. The reason isn’t clear, but the researchers involved suspect it is down to the effects of pollution, habitat loss and climate change.(1964年至2022年间，英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量下降了99%。原因尚不清楚，但相关研究人员怀疑这是由于污染、栖息地丧失和气候变化的影响。)”可知，本文主要讲的是对英国泰晤士河的贻贝数量减少所进行的调查，其目的是揭示贻贝数量的急剧下降。故选D。
B
Back in April, Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, took over Twitter for a cool $44 billion. That’s a lot of money, even for a billionaire. However, its appeal isn’t obvious. It has around 436 million users every month, which isn’t nothing—but is still a long way behind Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok. It also makes a relatively low profit. Then why would Musk make the purchase?
The answer might be what makes Titter so interesting: what it lacks in profits, size or growth potential, it makes up for in some way. It has an unmatched ability to shape the culture we live in. Twitter’s cultural power is easy to see. Click on any news article, and there’s a good chance that it’s quoting what someone said on Twitter.
What makes the platform significant is its users. Twitter is a bar full of rich people, whereas Facebook is just like the McDonald’s across the street. What Twitter is good at is acting as a global watercooler—a channel for small talk, jokes and informal connections. Because the people hanging out on Twitter are types of great importance and influence, what happens on it can actually affect the rest of the world.
However, its ability to influence the real world has strange results too. What happens on Twitter sometimes can only be known, understood, or appreciated by a relatively small number of people and bear little relation to the “real” world. Recent politics gives us a good example: during a recent debate, the BBC spent ten minutes talking about mean tweets about the candidates’ clothes instead of anything that actually matters.
But in any case, it’s a powerful example of Twitter’s cultural power. This explains why Musk might pay big money for it. Because even if it doesn’t make business sense, if you own Twitter you have a voice in the world’s most important watercooler conversation.
5. What made Musk want to buy Twitter?
A. Twitter’s business potential. B. Twitter’s high profits.
C. Twitter’s numerous users. D. Twitter’s cultural significance.
6. Why can Twitter influence the world?
A. It gains a big advantage over Facebook.
B. It has important and influential users.
C. It keeps people informed of the latest news.
D. It responds to what happens in the world quickly.
7. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The weaknesses of Twitter B. The threats to Titer’s survival.
C. The contents on the platform. D. The complaints against social media.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Who is in charge of Titter? B. What is Twitter?
C. Why is Twitter so important? D. How is Twitter promoted?
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章由马斯克当初重金收购推特切入，介绍了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The answer might be what makes Titter so interesting: what it lacks in profits, size or growth potential, it makes up for in some way. It has an unmatched ability to shape the culture we live in. Twitter’s cultural power is easy to see. (答案可能就是Titter如此有趣的原因：它在利润、规模或增长潜力方面的不足，它会以某种方式弥补。它在塑造我们生活的文化方面有着无可比拟的能力)”可知，Musk收购Titter是因为它在文化方面的重要性，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“What makes the platform significant is its users. Twitter is a bar full of rich people, whereas Facebook is just like the McDonald’s across the street. What Twitter is good at is acting as a global watercooler—a channel for small talk, jokes and informal connections. Because the people hanging out on Twitter are types of great importance and influence, what happens on it can actually affect the rest of the world. (这个平台的重要之处在于它的用户。推特是一个满是富人的贴吧，而Facebook就像街对面的麦当劳。Twitter所擅长的是充当一个全球噱头——一个闲聊、笑话和非正式联系的渠道。因为在Twitter上闲逛的人都是非常重要和有影响力的类型，在Twitter上发生的事情实际上可以影响世界其他地方)”可知，因为Twitter上有重要和有影响力的用户，所以发生的事情可以影响世界，故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, its ability to influence the real world has strange results too. What happens on Twitter sometimes can only be known, understood, or appreciated by a relatively small number of people and bear little relation to the “real” world. (然而，它影响现实世界的能力也产生了奇怪的结果。Twitter上发生的事情有时只能被相对少数的人知道、理解或欣赏，与“真实”世界几乎没有关系)”可知，本段介绍Twitter的弱点，故选A。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“But in any case, it’s a powerful example of Twitter’s cultural power. This explains why Musk might pay big money for it. Because even if it doesn’t make business sense, if you own Twitter you have a voice in the world’s most important watercooler conversation. (但无论如何，这都是Twitter文化力量的有力例证。这就解释了为什么马斯克可能会花大价钱购买它。因为即使这在商业上没有意义，如果你拥有Twitter，你就在世界上最重要的噱头对话中有了发言权)”可知，文章由马斯克当初重金收购推特切入，介绍了推特的重要性，尤其在文化方面的。C项“为什么推特如此重要”可以作为本文标题。故选C。
C
When our family drove to our hotel on the night of 29 September, 1994, I prayed I would never be in such a bleak place. The streets were deserted, and we were leaving the hospital where our seven-year-old son lay in a deep unconsciousness. We wanted only to go home, to take Nicholas with us and to hold his hand again. It had been the worst night of our lives. In lives that only a few hours before had been full of warmth and laughter, there was now a total emptiness.
Within days, our personal experience turned into a worldwide story. Newspapers and television told of the shooting attack by car robbers, Nicholas’s death and our decision to donate his organs. Since then, many streets, schools and hospitals in Italy have been named after him.
All this is for a decision—we’ve forgotten which of us suggested it. I remember the silent room and the doctors, hesitant to ask questions about organ donation. “Now that he’s gone, shouldn’t we donate the organs?” one of us asked. “Yes,” the other replied.
Nicholas was dead. The future of a bright little creature had been taken away. It was important to us that someone else should have that future. It turned out to be seven people’s future, most of them young, most very sick.
We are pleased this incident has caused organ donation rates to increase dramatically in Italy—a result called the “Nicholas effect”. It seems unfair, however, to the thousands of parents who have made exactly the same decision. Their loss is no different from ours, but their willingness to share has remained largely unrecognized.
For them, like us, the emptiness is always close by. I don’t believe we will ever be really happy again. But our joy in seeing the life that would otherwise have been lost is so uplifting that it has given us some comfort for what would have been just an act of violence.
9. What does the underlined word “bleak” mean in Paragraph 1?
A Encouraging. B. Hopeless.
C. Attractive. D. Annoying
10. What led to Nicholas’s death?
A. A gun attack. B. A street fight.
C. A car accident. D. A serious illness.
11. Why did Nicholas’s parents decide to donate their son’s organs?
A. They chose to take the doctors’ advice.
B. They wished to increase donation rates.
C. They attempted to attract the public’s attention.
D. They wanted to give others a second chance at life.
12. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Italy witnesses a sharp decrease in violence.
B. The parents have completely got rid of their sadness.
C. Their decision has encouraged public organ donation in Italy.
D. Other contributors think it is unfair not to be recognized.
【答案】9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的儿子去世后作者捐献了儿子的器官，这导致意大利的器官捐献率急剧上升。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“The streets were deserted, and we were leaving the hospital where our seven-year-old son lay in a deep unconsciousness.(街上人去楼空，我们正要离开医院，我们七岁的儿子躺在那里昏迷不醒。)”可知，作者年幼的儿子昏迷不醒，他们感觉一切都没有了希望。划线词所在句子表示“我祈祷自己永远不会身处如此绝望的地方”，划线词bleak的意思是“无望的”，和hopeless意思相近，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Newspapers and television told of the shooting attack by car robbers, Nicholas’s death and our decision to donate his organs.(报纸和电视报道了汽车劫匪的枪击事件、尼古拉斯的死亡以及我们决定捐献他的器官。)”可知，枪击事件导致了尼古拉斯的死亡，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“It was important to us that someone else should have that future. It turned out to be seven people’s future, most of them young, most very sick.(对我们来说，让别人拥有这样的未来很重要。事实证明是七个人的未来，他们大多数都很年轻，大多数病得很重。)”可知，尼古拉斯的父母决定捐献他们儿子的器官是因为他们想给别人第二次生命。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“We are pleased this incident has caused organ donation rates to increase dramatically in Italy—a result called the “Nicholas effect”.(我们很高兴这一事件导致意大利的器官捐献率急剧上升，这一结果被称为“尼古拉斯效应”。)”可知，他们的决定鼓励了意大利的器官捐献。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever tried asking for respect from another adult?____13____Furthermore, demanding respect from coworkers, family members or business associates is almost out of the question.
That’s because the concept of respect must be spoon-fed at an early age. Adults who don’t understand the importance of respect are not likely to change. In the developmental years, they all need to comprehend kindness, behaving politely and using good manners.____14____They can easily open career doors, maintain good relationships and manage groups of people.
That’s why it pays to teach respectful behavior to children and young adults in your life. These include nieces and nephews, students or younger employees.
Giving and getting respect is the best way to keep society in harmony. How? We don’t waste time in arguing and rocking each other’s boat.____15____
●____16____Show them how to eat in a healthy way, get enough rest, take care of their clothes and help with housework. Show them they are valuable.
●Point out the good qualities of other people. Help your children focus on positive aspects of people from other cultures, neighborhoods and socioeconomic backgrounds.
●Teach them that everyone does not think alike.____17____Tell your children, “Learn more about what your friends are thinking. Ask questions. Try to see the viewpoints of others.”
●Allow your child to have a pet if possible. Caring for an animal is also an effective means of helping your child understand the feelings and needs of another creature.
A. It’s difficult to accomplish.
B. Teach them to respect themselves.
C. Teach them to live a healthy lifestyle.
D. Explain every person views situations differently.
E. Adults who are respectful are likely to become successful.
F. An adult with good manners will surely have a safe ride in life
G. These points are critical to showing your kids how to give respect.
【答案】13. A 14. E 15. G 16. B 17. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何在生活中教导孩子和年轻人尊重的行为。
【13题详解】
空后说“Furthermore, demanding respect from coworkers, family members or business associates is almost out of the question.(此外，要求同事、家人或商业伙伴的尊重几乎是不可能的。)”，这说明向另一个成年人寻求尊重是很难的，A选项“It’s difficult to accomplish.(这很难完成。)”说明了要向另一个成年人寻求尊重是困难的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选A。
【14题详解】
空后说“They can easily open career doors, maintain good relationships and manage groups of people.(他们可以轻松地打开职业大门，保持良好的关系，管理一群人。)”，这说明对他人尊重的人是很可能成功的，E选项“Adults who are respectful are likely to become successful.(尊重他人的成年人很可能会成功。)”说明了尊重他人的人可能成功，因此E选项引起下文，符合语境，故选E。
【15题详解】
空前说“Giving and getting respect is the best way to keep society in harmony. How? We don’t waste time in arguing and rocking each other’s boat.(给予和获得尊重是保持社会和谐的最好方法。怎么做？我们不把时间浪费在争论和惹是生非。)”，空格处应该对空前所说的方法进行评价，G选项“These points are critical to showing your kids how to give respect.(这些要点是教你的孩子如何给予尊重的关键。)”是对上述方法进行的评价，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段主题句，空后说“Show them how to eat in a healthy way, get enough rest, take care of their clothes and help with housework. Show them they are valuable.(教他们如何健康饮食，如何获得足够的休息，如何打理自己的衣服和帮助做家务。向他们展示自己的价值。)”，这些方法都是自重的方法，B选项“Teach them to respect themselves.(教他们尊重自己。)”概括了本段内容，可作为本段主题句，故选B。
【17题详解】
空前说“Teach them that everyone does not think alike.(教他们每个人的想法都不一样。)”，空格处应该要说“每个人的想法不一样”，D选项“Explain every person views situations differently.(解释每个人对情况的看法不同。)”说明了要给孩子们讲清楚每个人的想法和看法不一样，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分37.5分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It all started with a post on the social media.
Returning home from the____18____store, Simone felt she must help the elderly in her community to practice____19____social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. With this in mind, she reached out to her friends on Facebook. Unexpectedly, many____20____, expressing their willingness to volunteer. They decided to start an online platform called Invisible Hands Deliver.
Just two days after____21____the initiative, they built a website that allowed the____22____in the community to make requests for groceries to be delivered to them. The web page also included a call for volunteers, which____23____gained over 1,000 sign-ups within the first week.
As the pandemic continued to worsen in New York, Invisible Hands Deliver witnessed a great deal of support from____24____individuals with similar beliefs. When a request was submitted on the website, it was____25____to all volunteers in the neighbourhood, so that anyone who was____26____could come to help. The delivery itself was_____27_____, since volunteers had been instructed to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors. All volunteers_____28_____strict safety rules. Like the wearing of medical gloves.
Following its success in New York, the platform_____29_____its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America. Inspired by their acts of kindness, similar networks have_____30_____worldwide.
In a time when the pandemic forced people apart, the_____31_____and able youths played a leading role in bridging the_____32_____and bringing communities together.
18. A. village B. grocery C. chain D. drug
19. A. better B. safer C. longer D. easier
20. A. responded B. disagreed C. ignored D. hesitated
21. A. favoring B. approving C. shaping D. launching
22. A. citizens B. volunteers C. seniors D. salesgirls
23. A. naturally B. amazingly C. secretly D. eventually
24. A. absent-minded B. simple-minded C. open-minded D. like-minded
25. A. sold B. handed C. forwarded D. explained
26. A. generous B. ambitious C. reliable D. available
27. A. contactless B. worthless C. senseless D. endless
28. A. developed B. relaxed C. obeyed D. provided
29. A. expanded B. moved C. reduced D. changed
30. A. stayed on B. sprung up C. broken down D. pulled through
31. A. willing B. elegant C. curious D. appealing
32. A. conflicts B. differences C. cultures D. gaps
【答案】18. B 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在COVID-19流行期间，Simone为了帮助社区的老年人保持更安全的社交距离，与朋友们在网上建立了Invisible Hands Deliver组织，号召志同道合的志愿者们为老人们配送生活物资，随后类似的网络平台在世界各地如雨后春笋般涌现。
【18题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从杂货店回家后，Simone觉得她必须帮助社区的老年人在COVID-19流行期间保持更安全的社交距离。A. village村庄；B. grocery杂货店；C. chain链条，连锁商店；D. drug毒品，药物。根据第三段中“to make requests for groceries to be delivered to them.”以及第四段中“to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，后文讲的如何让志愿者们给老人配送杂货，所以Simone应该是在杂货店看到老年人购物时保持的社交距离，才有的想法。故选B项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从杂货店回家后，Simone觉得她必须帮助社区的老年人在COVID-19流行期间保持更安全的社交距离。A. better更好的；B. safer更安全的；C. longer更长的； D. easier更容易的。根据第四段中“to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，为了让老年人保持更安全的社交距离，Simone才想到了创办Invisible Hands Deliver来为老人们无接触式的配送物资。故选B项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，她的许多朋友回应了，表示愿意做志愿者。A. responded反应，回应；B. disagreed不同意；C. ignored忽略；D. hesitated犹豫。根据后文“expressing their willingness to volunteer”可知，她的很多朋友们都给予了回应并且愿意成为志愿者。故选A项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在发起这项活动的两天后，他们就建立了一个网站，在网站上社区里的老年人可以要求把食品杂货送到他们手中。A. favoring偏爱，支持；B. approving批准，同意；C. shaping塑造；D. launching启动，发射。根据前文“They decided to start an online platform called Invisible Hands Deliver.”可知，他们启动了这个活动，这里的launch与前文的start相呼应。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：仅仅在发起这项活动的两天后，他们就建立了一个网站，在网站上社区里的老年人可以要求把食品杂货送到他们手中。A. citizens市民；B. volunteers志愿者；C. seniors老年人；D. salesgirls女售货员。根据前文中的“the elderly”可知，他们是在帮助社区里的老年人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：该网页还号召志愿者，令人惊讶的是，在第一周内就有超过1000人报名。A. naturally自然地，当然；B. amazingly令人吃惊地；C. secretly秘密地；D. eventually最终地。根据后文“over 1,000 sign-ups within the first week.”可知，仅仅在第一周，就有超过1000多个人报名，这是令人吃惊的。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着流行病毒在纽约继续恶化，Invisible Hands Deliver这一组织得到了志同道合的人的大力支持。A. absent-minded心不在焉的；B. simple-minded头脑简单的，淳朴的；C. open-minded思想开放的；D. like-minded志趣相投的。根据后文“similar beliefs”可知，这些报名的志愿者们都有相同的信念，他们是志同道合的一群人。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个请求在网站上提交后，它会被转发给附近所有的志愿者，这样任何有时间的人都可以来帮忙。A. sold卖，销售；B. handed递，交； C. forwarded发送，转发；D. explained解释。根据前文“When a request was submitted on the website”可知，有人提交送货请求后，它就会被转发给每个志愿者，因为是在网站上，所以请求是被转发出去。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一个请求在网站上提交后，它会被转发给附近所有的志愿者，这样任何有时间的人都可以来帮忙。A. generous大方的；B. ambitious有抱负的，野心勃勃的；C. reliable可依赖的；D. available可获得的，有空的。根据语境，这个组织里面有很多志愿者，所以在网站上看到有请求后，有空的志愿者就可以去帮助老人派送生活物资。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：送货本身是非接触式的，因为志愿者们被要求把食品杂货放在老人的门外。A. contactless无接触的；B. worthless没有价值的；C. senseless无意义的，无知觉的；D. endless无止境的。根据后文“since volunteers had been instructed to leave the bags of groceries outside the seniors’ doors”可知，志愿者们提前已被告知，东西放在老人们的门外，所以这种配送方式是无接触的。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有志愿者都遵守严格的安全规定。A. developed发展；B. relaxed放松；C. obeyed遵守，服从；D. provided提供。根据后文“Like the wearing of medical gloves.”可知，志愿者们在配送生活物资时，会遵守严格的安全规定；obey the rules为固定搭配。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在纽约取得成功后，该平台将业务扩展到费城和美国其他地区。A. expanded扩大；B. moved 移动，搬家，感动；C. reduced减少；D. changed改变。根据后文“its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America.”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver这个组织初建于纽约，后来发展到了美国其他州。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在他们善举的鼓舞下，类似的网络平台在世界各地如雨后春笋般涌现。A. stayed on继续留下，逗留；B. sprung up涌现，兴起；C. broken down坏掉；D. pulled through度过难关，恢复健康。根据前文“Following its success in New York, the platform_______ its operations to Philadelphia and other areas of America.”可知，Invisible Hands Deliver这个组织初建于纽约，随后发展到了美国其他州，受其启发，全世界相似的组织就涌现出来了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个流行病毒迫使人们分离的时代，有意愿和能力的青年们在弥合差距和团结社区方面发挥了主导作用。A. willing乐意的；B. elegant优雅的；C. curious好奇的；D. appealing有吸引力的。根据常识，志愿者们都是自愿奉献的人，所以他们是一群乐于奉献的年轻人。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个流行病毒迫使人们分离的时代，有意愿和能力的青年们在弥合差距和团结社区方面发挥了主导作用。A. conflicts冲突；B. differences差异；C. cultures文化；D. gaps鸿沟。根据固定搭配bridge the gap意为 “缩小差距”。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ever since he was born in 1990 in Xizhuang village, Shanxi province, Jia Jinhui’s life has been closely associated with stone carving, ____33____ unique handicraft of China.
Jiangzhou stone carving ____34____ (date) back to at least 1,000 years ago, and Xizhuang has carefully preserved the tradition. Unlike other forms of stone carving, the Jiangzhou method is a comprehensive art that includes sculpture, painting, calligraphy, seal cutting and modeling.
After ____35____ (graduate) from junior middle school in 2006, Jia joined his elders to help develop the family business. He also spent a lot of time reading about traditional stone carving and art to improve his skills. In just a few years, his efforts paid off, ____36____ his pieces well-received at cultural exhibitions across the province and sold both ____37____ (domestic) and overseas. Later on, Jia introduced more people to ____38____ he was doing. Over the last few decades, he ____39____ (train) around 100 stone carvers from his village as well as nearby villages, ____40____ incomes have greatly increased.
In 2017, Jiangzhou stone carving was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage, ____41____ (encourage) more residents of Xizhuang to take up the trade. As a city-level inheritor (继承人), Jia feels it his _____42_____ (responsible) to pass on this traditional culture to the next generation.
【答案】33. a 34. dates
35. graduating##graduation
36. with 37. domestically
38. what 39. has trained
40. whose 41. encouraging
42. responsibility
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了绛州石雕技艺传承人家金辉以及绛州石雕。
【33题详解】
考查冠词。句意：家金辉1990年出生于山西西庄村，自那时起，他的生活就与石雕这一中国独特的手工艺紧密相连。可数名词handicraft在句中表示“一项手工艺”，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，其后单词unique发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。
【34题详解】
考查时态。句意：绛州石雕至少可以追溯到1000年前，西庄精心保存了这一传统。设空处在句中作谓语动词，根据句意可知，此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，“Jiangzhou stone carving”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填dates。
【35题详解】
考查名词/动名词。句意：2006年初中毕业后，家金辉帮助长辈一起发展家族企业。设空处作介词“After”的宾语，应填graduate的名词或动名词形式。故填graduating/graduation。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：短短几年时间，他的努力就得到了回报，他的作品在全省各地的文化展览上广受欢迎，并远销国内外。句子结构分析可知，“____4____ his pieces well-received at cultural exhibitions across the province and sold both ____5____ (domestic) and overseas”为with的复合结构。故填with。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：短短几年时间，他的努力就得到了回报，他的作品在全省各地的文化展览上广受欢迎，并远销国内外。句子分析可知，设空处修饰动词sold，作状语，应填domestic的副词形式。故填domestically。
【38题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：后来，家金辉让更多的人了解他正在做的事情。句子分析可知，“____6____ he was doing”为名词性从句作介词to的宾语，设空处在从句中作“doing”的宾语，指“正在做的事情”，填连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，他从自己的村子和附近的村庄培训了大约100名石匠，这些人的收入大大增加了。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由“Over the last few decades”可知此句为现在完成时，“he”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填has trained。
【40题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在过去的几十年里，他从自己的村子和附近的村庄培训了大约100名石匠，这些人的收入大大增加了。句子分析可知，“____8____ incomes have greatly increased”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“100 stone carvers”，关系将先行词代入从句中作定语，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，绛州石雕被列为省级非物质文化遗产，鼓励了更多的西庄居民从事这一行业。句子分析可知，设空处在句中为非谓语动词，“Jiangzhou stone carving was listed as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage”与“encourage”为逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处应填encourage的现在分词。故填encouraging。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：作为一名市级传承人，家金辉觉得自己有责任将这一传统文化传承给下一代。由空前“his”可知设空处应填responsible的名词形式。故填responsibility。
第三节(共15小题;每小题0.5分，满分7.5分)
根据首字母或中文提示写出单词，并注意所填单词的适当形式。
43. Enjoying the convenience brought by modern technology, we have to deal with the problems a_______from it.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】arising##rising
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在享受现代技术带来的便利的同时，我们也不得不处理由此产生的问题。由“the problems”可知，此处表示“在享受现代技术带来的便利的同时，我们也不得不处理由此产生的问题”，空格处意为“产生”，由首字母提示a可知，是arise，句中谓语是“have to deal with”，空格处用非谓语动词，problems和arise之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，作后置定语，故填arising。
44. The thieves broke in and t_______to kill the shop assistant if their demands were not met. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】threatened##hreatened
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态。句意：小偷破门而入，威胁说如果不满足他们的要求，就杀了店员。根据首字母提示和句意可知，动词threaten符合题意；根据空前and可知，空处填动词的一般过去时，与broke in并列作谓语。故填threatened。
45. The young man was a_______of cheating and sentenced to two years in prison. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accused##ccused
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这个年轻人被指控欺诈，判2年监禁。根据首字母提示及句意可知，动词accuse“指控”符合题意，主语man和accuse之间是被动关系，应用过去分词和was构成一般过去时的被动语态，sb be accused of doing sth表示“某人被指控做某事”符合句意。故填accused。
46. Most teachers were in favor of the proposal; only a m_______objected to it strongly. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】minority##inority
【解析】
【详解】考查名词单数。句意：大多数老师都赞成这个提议；只有少数人强烈反对。结合首字母提示和不定冠词a可知，单数名词minority (少数人)作主语，符合句意。故填minority。
47. The general manager has come to the c_______that he’s not the right person for the job. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】conclusion## onclusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：总经理得出结论他不是这项工作的合适人选。结合句意和首字母提示可知，应用名词conclusion作宾语，构成固定短语come to a/the conclusion“得出结论”。故填conclusion/onclusion。
48. We should not develop our economy at the e_______of the environment. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】expense##xpense
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们不应该以牺牲环境为代价发展经济。结合句意及首字母提示可知，名词expense“费用，价钱”符合提hi，不可数名词，at the expense of以……为代价，固定短语。故填expense。
49. There is strong evidence of a link between long-time e_______to the sun and skin cancer. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】exposure##xposure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有强有力的证据表明，长期接触阳光与皮肤癌之间存在联系。设空处为宾语，应用名词形式，根据首字母和句意可知是exposure，意为“暴露”，故填exposure。
50. Ms Leighton will handle things of the company in the a_______of the general manager. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】absence##bsence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：雷顿女士将在总经理缺席的情况下处理公司事务。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用名词absence，表示“缺席，不在”，作介词in的宾语，符合题意。故填absence。
51. Passengers are supposed to board the plane half an hour before the_______(出发) time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】departure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乘客应该在出发时间前半小时登机。根据汉语提示，空处应用名词departure，表示“出发”，作定语修饰名词time，departure time表示“出发时间”。故填departure。
52. I am afraid that I can’t finish the task on schedule due to the_______(有限的) time. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】limited##restricted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于时间有限，我恐怕不能按时完成任务了。根据“time”可知，空处需要填形容词，结合句意“因为时间有限，所以不能按时完成任务”，limited和restricted作形容词，表示“有限的”符合句意。故填limited/restricted。
53. John’s account of the event_______(相矛盾) Stephen’s and the fact remained unclear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】contradicted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：约翰对这件事的叙述与斯蒂芬的叙述相矛盾，这件事情的真相仍不清楚。分析句子可知，“相矛盾”是谓语动词，用动词contradict表示，结合分句谓语动词remained可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填contradicted。
54. The two countries have maintained a_______(和睦的) relationship for many years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】harmonious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：两国多年来一直保持着和谐的关系。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“和睦的”应用harmonious，为形容词，在本句中作定语。故填harmonious。
55. The family _______(惊慌失措) when they saw smoke coming out of the engine of the boat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】panicked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：当他们看到船引擎冒烟时，全家人都慌了。句子分析可知，此句为主从复合句，设空处在主句中作谓语动词，动词panic意为“（使）惊慌失措”符合句意，根据从句“when they saw smoke coming out of the engine of the boat”可知主句应用一般过去时态，设空处填panic的过去式。故填panicked。
56. The methods of communication used during the war were_______(原始的) by today’s standards. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】primitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：以今天的标准来看，战争期间使用的通信方法是原始的。形容词primitive作表语。故填primitive。
57. The president’s former adviser is now one of his strongest political_______(反对者). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】opponents##objectors
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：总统的前顾问现在是他最强大的政治对手之一。根据所给出的汉语提示并结合句意可知，应是名词“opponent”或“objector”，都有“反对者”含义。同时结合“one of…”可知，应是复数形式。故填opponents/objectors。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
58. 假定你是李华，你校下周五将举办中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。你的英国朋友Jack对传统中医很感兴趣，请写封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1.写邮件的目的；
2.讲座的相关信息(时间、地点、主要内容等)；
3.期待回复。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
Knowing you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on acupuncture to be held in our school.
The lecture is to take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the school hall, which will last two hours. Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, ranging from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
It must be a golden chance to learn some medical skills and further explore Chinese culture. Looking forward to your reply. (87 words)
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jack写封信，邀请他参加下周五在学校举办的中医针灸(acupuncture)的讲座。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance→opportunity
出席：attend→be present
各种各样的：various→varieties of
对……感兴趣：be enthusiastic about→be interested in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, ranging from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
拓展句：Various aspects of acupuncture will be covered, which range from its origin to its application in treating health problems.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you are enthusiastic about traditional Chinese medical treatments, I’m writing to invite you to attend a lecture on acupuncture to be held in our school.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】The lecture is to take place at 6:30 p.m. next Friday in the school hall, which will last two hours.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My hero — Domi
Five years ago, I had a strange dream, directing me to adopt a particular dog. It was obvious from the dream that I would know the dog by his unusual face. But when I woke up, I could never recall what the unique facial feature was.
I was very curious. So early one Saturday morning, I went to the specified shelter to check the available adoptees. After looking carefully at all the dogs, I was disappointed that not one dog had anything unusual about its face.
On my way out of the shelter, I noticed a box of puppies (小狗) just outside of view from the main area. My attention was drawn to one puppy named Domi who appeared to have no fur on his face. I was worried about this strange-looking puppy, and hoped he hadn’t been injured. However, on closer inspection, I found he did have fur on his face, but it was a very odd shade of gray that made it look like skin. Satisfied and relieved that he was okay, I turned to leave the shelter.
And then it hit me: The face — it’s the dog with the unusual face! Immediately, I returned to the puppy. As I lifted him from the box, we bonded instantly. I knew I could not leave without him so I headed for the adoption desk. In that short amount of time, he had wrapped his paws around my heart; his barks, quite different from other dogs’, had a soothing (抚慰的) and comforting quality, also touching my soul.
Meeting with the shelter manager, I was informed a family had already selected him. There was, however, still a slight chance since the family had not made their final decision. After an anxiety-filled hour, I saw a member of the family, the mother, walk straight toward me, carrying Domi. My heart pounded as she approached. For a moment, she didn’t say a word. Then, with a broad smile, she said, “Here’s your dog.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was speechless as grateful tears were welling up in my eyes.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Domi was three I had a brain disorder and fainted from time to time.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I was speechless as grateful tears were welling up in my eyes. I bowed to the woman and hugged Domi, feeling his paws securely on my back again. Although I was thankful to have him then, I didn’t know how lucky I would be later. I took the gray-faced puppy home. From the start, he was not a typically noisy puppy. He was calm, intelligent and very attentive. We lived happily, and as Domi grew into a heathy, robust dog, he became my valued companion.
When Domi was three, I had a brain disorder and fainted from time to time. Whenever I awakened, I found Domi standing beside me. Plus, focusing on his barking became a means to remain conscious. I came to rely on him to warn me before the disorder would take hold. I am now well and Domi has returned to his previous doggy activities, though still watchful of me and ready to be of assistance. Patting Domi, I murmured, “Some heroes wear uniforms or medals; my hero wears fur!” (150 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者做了一个奇怪的梦，它指引作者收养长着不同寻常的脸的狗，于是作者去动物收容所找到了这样一只狗Domi并打算收养，另一个想要收养Domi的家庭在犹豫之后把狗给了作者。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我说不出话来，感激的泪水夺眶而出。”可知，第一段可描写作者收养Domi后的生活。
②由第二段首句内容“Domi三岁的时候，我的大脑出现了紊乱，时常会晕倒。”可知，第二段可描写在Domi的帮助下作者痊愈。
2.续写线索：鞠躬感激——带Domi回家——生活得很快乐——生病——在Domi的帮助下痊愈
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱：hug/embrace
②醒来：awake/wake up
③专注于：focus on/concentrate on
情绪类
①.感谢的：thankful/grateful
②幸运的：lucky/fortunate
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Although I was thankful to have him then, I didn’t know how lucky I would be later. （由从属连词although引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. We lived happily, and as Domi grew into a heathy, robust dog, he became my valued companion. （由从属连词as引导时间状语从句）
听力答案：1—5 ABABC 6—10 ABCAB 11—15 CBBAC 16—20 CBCAC
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