第7讲 Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 拔尖版 教案

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第七讲 Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose
their own clothes. 拔尖版
单元目标总览：
单元话题
规则（Rules）
重点单词
1、smoke v. 冒烟；吸烟 n. 烟
2、pierce v. 扎；刺破；穿透
3、license (= licence) 证；证件
4、safety n. 安全；安全性
5、earring n. 耳环；耳饰
6、cry v. & n. 哭；叫喊
7、field n. 田野；场地
8、hug n. & v. 拥抱；搂抱
9、lift v. 举起；抬高
10、awful adj. 很坏的；讨厌的
11、teen n. 十几岁（十三至十九岁之间）
12、regret v. 感到遗憾；懊悔
13、poem n. 诗；韵文
14、bedroom n. 卧室
15、community n. 社区；社团
16、chance n. 机会；可能性
17、manage v. 完成（困难的事）；应付（困难局面）
18、society n. 社会
19、educate v. 教育；教导
20、professional adj.职业的；专业的
21、enter v. 进来；进去
22、support v. & n. 支持
23、choice 选择
24、Picasso /毕加索（西班牙画家）
常用短语
1.get his driver’s license 取得驾驶执照
2.no way没门，不行
3.sixteen-year-old 十六岁的
4. be worried about=worry about 担
5. have part-time jobs 做兼职工作
6. get one’s ears pierced 打耳洞
7. get / have / make sth. done 使某物被做……
8. stop doing sth 停止做某事
9. stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
10. spend time with sb. 花时间和某人在一起
11.take photos, take a photo 照相
12.use a flash 使用闪光灯
13.all night 整夜
14.stay by my side 呆在我身边
15.make sure = be sure 确保，确定
16.keep sb. (away) from sth使某人远离某物
17. hurt oneself 伤害某人自己
18. give sb. a hug = hug sb. 拥抱某人
19.lift sb.up 举起某人
20. cough badly 剧烈地咳嗽
21. talk back 回嘴
22. an adult 一个成人
23. think back to 回想起
24. regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
25. make one’s own decision 做某人自己的觉得
26.too + adj.+ to do sth. 太…而不能做某事
27.learn…from…从…...学到…...
28.agree with sb 同意某人的观点
29.disagree with sb. 不同意某人的观点
30.move out 搬出去
31.get in the way of 挡⋯⋯的路；妨碍
重点句型
1.I don’t think twelve-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.
我认为不应该允许12岁的孩子穿耳孔。
2.Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?
我应该被允许自己做决定吗?
3.Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own
decisions?你认为青少年应该被鼓励自己做决定吗？
No, I don’t agree with this.我不这样认为。
核心语法
含有情态动词的被动语态
Section A 考点知识梳理

1、No way!没门！
no way意为“不可能；决不；不行；没门”，多用于口语中，表示某人不可能做某事或某事不可能发生。
◆-Can I leave now?我现在可以离开吗？
-No way!不行！
2、I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. 我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年开车。
（1） sixteen-year-olds 名词，意为“16岁的青少年”，相当于sixteen-year-old boys and girls.
拓展：辨析： sixteen-year-olds， sixteen-year-old， sixteen years old
① sixteen-year-olds意为“16岁的青少年”,是名词，在“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”结构中，形容词后加-s表示一类人或事物。
◆Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to go out at night.应该允许16岁的青少年夜间外出。
②sixteen-year-old“十六岁的”，由“基数词-名词单数-形容词”构成的复合形容词，在句中通常作前置定语，修饰名词。
◆My pen pal is a sixteen-year-old boy.我的笔友是一个16岁的男孩。
③ sixteen years old“十六岁的”，用来描述人的年龄，常在句中作表语。
◆My brother is sixteen years old.我哥哥十六岁了。
（2）allow及物动词，意为“允许；准许”，常用于以下结构中：
①allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
◆The teacher allowed him to go into the classroom.老师允许他进教室。
②allow doing sth允许做某某事
◆We don’t allow smoking in public places.我们不允许再公共场所吸烟。
③be(not) allowed to do sth（不）被允许做某事
◆Passengers are not allowed to smoke.不允许乘客吸烟。
3、I’m worried about your safety.我担心你的安全
(1)worried作形容词，意为“担心的；烦恼的；焦虑的”，常用短语be worried about意为“为.......担心”
◆Don’t be so worried. Everything will be fime.不要如此担心，一切都会好起来的。
拓展：worry可用作不及物动词，其后接宾语时要加about，即worry about，意为“担心”，可与be worried about互换。
◆Don’t worry about me.别为我担心。
(2)safety名词，意为“安全；安全性”，其常用短语in safety意为“处于安全状态”。
◆I will answer for her safety.我将对她的安全负责。
拓展：safety, safe及safely的对应反义词
名词
形容词
副词
safety
safe
safely
danger
dangerous
dangerously
4、Students should not be allowed to have part-time jobs.不应该允许学生做兼职。
（1）part-time是合成形容词，意为“兼职的；业余的；非全日制的”，其反义词是full-time，意为“全职的；全日制的”
◆In America many students are part-time workers.在美国，许多学生是兼职工作者。
（2）job可数名词，意为“工作”，指零散的、具体的工作。其近义词为work，是不可数名词，其常用短语为at work，意为“在工作”
◆He looked for work for several months and at last he found a job most auitable for him.他一连找了好几个月的工作，最后找到了一份最适合自己的工作。
5、Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.应该允许16岁的青少年打耳洞。
get their ears pierced意为“打耳洞”，此处get为使役动词，可换为have，意为“使，让”。“get+宾语+过去分词”意为“使某事被做”或“让别人做某事”
◆You’d better go and get your hair cut. It’s too long.你最好去把头发剪了，他太长了。
拓展：get用作使役动词时还可用于get sb to do sth 结构，意为“使某人做某事”
◆I can’t get him to change his idea.我不能使他改变想法。
6、Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.应该允许青少年选择他们自己的衣服。
(1)choose及物动词，其后可接名词或代词作宾语。
◆He chose a good job last year.去年他选择了一份好工作。
拓展：choose还可用于以下两种结构：
①choose to so sth
◆He chose to go there by air.他决定乘飞机去那里。
②choose+特殊疑问句+to do
◆You will have to choose which one to buy.你将不得不选择买哪一个。
(2)own此处用作形容词，意为“自己的；本人的”，常用在形容词性物主代词或所有格之后，以加强语气。还可用作代词，意为“属于自己的东西”。常用结构“one’s own sth ”表示“某人自己的.......”，相当于“sth+of one’s own”。
◆This is your own duty. Don’t be angry with others.这是你的责任，不要迁怒于他人。
7、I agree. They aren’t serious enough，我同意，他们不够稳重。
enough副词，“足够的”，修饰形容词或副词时要后置。
◆You don’t work hard enough的工作不够努力。
拓展：enough还可用作形容词，“足够的，充足的”，修饰名词时，一般要放在名词前面，有时也可放在名词后面。
◆There will be enough money for us。我们没有足够的钱。
8、 He should stop wearing that silly earring。他应该停止带那个可笑的耳环。 stop doing something，意为停止做某事。
◆Let’s stop talking。让我们停止说话吧。
拓展：辨析：stop doing something与stop to do something
stop doing something
停止正在做的事情
stop to do something
指停止手头所做的事情，去做另一件事情
◆The two girls stopped talking when they saw me。那两个女孩儿看到我时停止了讲话，（2）silly形容词，意为“愚蠢的，傻的，可笑的”。
◆It was silly of you to trust him。你信任他，真是愚蠢.
拓展：辨析silly,foolish与stupid。
silly
“愚蠢的，傻的，可笑的”，指头脑简单，傻头傻脑
foolish
“愚蠢的，傻的”，指人时强调缺乏智慧和判断力，也可指行动愚蠢可笑
stupid
“笨的，傻的”，强调生性迟钝或反应慢，有时是中性词
◆How can you explain such a silly remark?你怎么解释这样一个可笑的言论?
◆But why are we so foolish?但是为什么我们这么愚蠢呢，
◆I was surprised at his stupid act。他愚蠢的行为让我大吃一惊。
9、I am really excited about seeing the famous paintings by Picasso。看毕加索的这些著名的油画，我真的很兴奋。
(1)be/get excited about对感到兴奋，其中about后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式。 ◆She got excited about it as soon as she heard about the good news。他一听到那个好消息就变得很兴奋。
（2）excited，意为“兴奋的，激动的”，常修饰人；exciting，意为“令人激动的”，常修饰物。
◆We were very excited when we won the first prize。当我们赢得一等奖时，我们很激动，
10、When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.当我还是一个整夜哭闹的小婴儿时，妈妈给我唱歌，陪伴在我身旁。
（1）tiny形容词，意为“极小的；微小的”
◆The baby put his tiny hand in mine.那个婴儿把小手放在我的手中。
（2）cry此处用作不及物动词，意为“哭；叫喊”
◆Don’t cry! Your mom is coming .
拓展：cry可用作名词，意为“叫喊，大喊，哭”
◆When he heard a cry fr help,he ran out as quickly as he could.听到呼救声，他尽可能快的跑了过去。
11、 When I fell and hurt myself, she gave me a hug and lifted me up。当我跌倒受伤时，他给我拥抱，并把我抱起来. （1）hug此处做名词，意为“拥抱，搂抱”。give somebody a hug意为“拥抱某人”。◆Mr. Smith gave his daughter a hug and put her to bed。史密斯先生拥抱了一下她女儿，并安顿她上床睡觉。
拓展：hug，用作动词时，意为“拥抱，搂抱”。
◆She hugged her sister when she met her. 当遇到妹妹时，他拥抱了他.
（2）lift此处用做及物动词，意为“举起，太高”
◆The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重，我搬不起来。
拓展：辨析：lift与raise
Lift
及物动词，意为“举起；太高”；强调用力把某物从地面提到一定的高度；
Raise
及物动词，意为“太高；提高”；通常发起此动作的主语是人，其后必须接宾语，可用于被动语态
◆That package might be too heavy to lift.那个包裹太重，搬不动。
◆If you have any question ,please raise your hand.如果你有什么问题，请举手。
12、talk back
意为“回嘴，顶嘴”
◆Don’t talk back.Listen to what your father says.不要顶嘴，听你父亲讲。
13、regret
动词，意为“感到遗憾，懊悔”，其后可接动词ing形式、动词不定式或that从句。
◆I believe you will regret leaving Pairs.我相信你会不会离开巴黎而后悔的.
拓展：regret可做名词，意为“懊悔”
◆I have no regrets about leaving Beijing .我一点也不后悔离开北京。
14、they can manage their own lives.他们应付他们自己的生活。
manage意为“完成；应付”，其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式。
◆I am not sure how we will manage it.
拓展：辨析：manage to do sth与try to do sth
manage to do sth
设法做成某事，强调结果。做成了某事之意
try to do sth
尽力做某事，表示尽力做，设法做，强调动作，不表结果
◆The shirt was very dirty, but he managed to clean it.这件衬衫很脏，但他说话不太洗干净了。
◆The boy tried to move the stone but failed.这个男孩儿设法移动这块石头，但失败了。
Section B考点知识梳理
1、Parents should not be too strict with teenagers.父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。
strict形容词，意为“严格的；严厉的”，其常见搭配如下：
（1）be strict with sb“对某人要求要个”
◆She is strict with her children.他对孩子们要求严格。
（2）be strict in/about sth意为“在某方面严格要求”
◆Our teacher is strict with us in our studies.
2、Of course we want to see him achieve his dreams.我们当然想看到他实现他的梦想......
see sb sth“看到某人做了某事”
◆I saw her run into the room.我看见他跑进了房间。
拓展：辨析：see sb do sth与see sb doing sth
see sb do sth
“看见某人做了某事”，强调看见动作发生的全过程
see sb doing sth
“看见某人正在做某事”，不是全过程，表示看到的动作正在进行。
◆I saw it happen when I passed by last night.昨天晚上路过的时候我看到发生了这件事。（强调看到事情从开始到结束的整个过程）
◆I saw him playing the game on the computer yesterday evening.昨天晚上我看到他在电脑上玩游戏。（强调看到的时候正在玩）
3、My wife and I have supported every one of his races.我和我的妻子支持他的每一场比赛。
(1)support此处用作及物动词，意为“支持，援助，资助”，常用短语support sb with sth，“用某物支持某人”
◆He promised to support her with 1,000 yuan.他答应赞助他1000元
(2)又做不可数名词，支持自助援助。
◆We couldn’t win the match without their support.没有他们的支持，我们是不会赢得这场比赛的。
4、We have nothing against running.我们不反对赛跑!
against介词，“反对”，其反义词for，意为“支持”，其后可接名词、代词或动词ing形式。
◆Are you for of against the plan?这个计划你是赞成还是反对呢
拓展：against的其他含义
①撞，碰
◆The rain beats against the window.雨点打在窗户上
②紧靠，倚
◆He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。
5、 My parents have always taught me how important it is to work hard at school and enter university .我父母总是教导我在学校努力学习并考入大学是多么重要。
(1) 本质是主从复合句，宾语从句how引导的感叹句。感叹句中it为形式主语，真正的主语时 to work hard at school and enter university。
◆I think how easy it is to speak English.我认为说英语是多么容易.
(2)enter“进来，进去”，即可做及物动词也可作不及物动词。
◆Someone entered the room behind me.有人跟着我进了房间。
◆Knock before you enter.进来前先敲门。
拓展：enter做动词时,还可以为“参加”
◆We entered the contest.我们参加了比赛。
6、Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.只有那样我才会有机会实现我的梦想。
本句是only引起的倒装句，即“only+状语+助动词/be/情态动词+主语+其他”。Only位于句首，如果后面跟副词、介词短语或从句等做状语，则主句用部分倒装。如果only后跟的只是主语，则不用倒装。
◆Only in this way can you learn English well.只有通过这种方式，你才能学好英语。
◆Only five people were hurt in the car accident.只有5个人在车祸中受伤。
7、I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself.我认为应该允许我自己作这个选择。
Choice可数名词，“选择，挑选”，其动词形式为choose。make a choice“做出选择”。
◆What influenced you when you made your choice?当你做选择时你受了什么影响？
拓展： have no choice but to do sth意为“除了做某事以外，别无选择”，或者“只好做某事”
◆He has no choice but to go with them.他别无选择，只好跟着他们去了。



知识能力提升训练
一、单项选择(16分)
1．(1分)—I want to borrow the book, but I don't know how long it may ____.
一For two weeks.
     A.borrow      B.be borrowed      C.keep      D.be kept
2．(1分)—Could I enter the apartment to look for my sister?
—Sorry, you ____. Men ____ go into the apartment for girls.
     A.couldn't; can      B.can't; mustn't
     C.can; can      D.needn't; mustn't
3．(1分)You'd better ____ that bad tooth ____ out.
     A.have; pulled      B.to have; pull
     C.have; pulling      D.to have; to be pulled
4．(1分)We experienced a few ____ moments as we waited to hear the results of the test.
     A.pleasant      B.anxious      C.hopeful      D.disappointing
5．(1分)There are fifty students in Class One. Twenty of them are boys; ____ are girls.
     A.the other      B.the others      C.others      D.another
6．(1分)—You will have to move, you are ____.
—I'm sorry.
     A.on my way      B.in this way      C.by the way      D.in my way
7．(1分)—____ you bother me now? Can't you see I'm working on my homework?
—Sorry, but I have something important to tell you.
     A.Can      B.Should      C.Must
8．(1分)—When shall I hand in my report, Mr. Wu?
—Not until it ____ tomorrow.
     A.will be finished      B.will finish
     C.finishes      D.is finished
9．(1分)We heard that the 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2022.
     A.hosts      B.will host
     C.is hosted      D.would be hosted
10．(1分)Why not let the boy try again? He will do it better if he ____ a second chance.
     A.gives      B.will give      C.is given      D.will be given
11．(1分)Jack told the librarian that the book ____ as soon as he finished reading it.
     A.was returned      B.would be returned
     C.has been returned      D.will be returned
12．(1分)People in China all wonder when we ____ worry about the air we breathe.
     A.can't      B.needn't      C.shouldn't      D.mustn't
13．(1分)There are fifty students in Class One. Twenty of them are boys; ____ are girls.
     A.the other      B.the others      C.others      D.another
14．(1分)The workers were made ____ from morning to night in the past.
     A.worked      B.to work      C.work      D.working
15．(1分)Only in this way ____.
     A.can we succeed      B.we can succeed      C.can succeed we      D.succeed can we
16．(1分)If you fight hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, you've got a good ____ of winning.
     A.choice      B.chance      C.decision      D.direction
二、完形填空(10分)
17．(10分)     Everyone has a beautiful memory   1   school that is hard to forget. Among many things, relationships are the hardest to leave   2  . Some schools try to stop students' puppy love in different ways. Anything about "love" relationship is not   3  . For example, a middle school in Fu'an, Fujian Province forbids (禁止) boys and girls to sit together for meals and forbids boys to look at girls for a long time; a middle school in Luohe, Henan Province sets   4   that boys and girls should meet in bright places with at least 5 other classmates, and   5   they meet in private they will be asked to go home with   6   for more than a week and even advised to leave school; a middle school in Jinan, Shandong Province   7   everyone to send food and gifts to or receive them from the opposite sex (异性). It also forbids students to help the opposite sex with bags and coats and requires a "44cm" distance between boys and girls.
     Some students are not   8   with such rules. "Why should we have strict places for different sexes to eat in? It's not using bathrooms!" Some people   9   care about the intelligence development of the students say that they should be more creative with fewer rules. For this, I'd like to say that middle school students are going through puberty (青春期). It's normal for them to have some feelings for the opposite sex. Schools should provide correct guidance and education instead of giving simple and cruel rules and asking the students to   10  .
      (1)A.about B.to C.from
      (2)A.for B.behind C.with
      (3)A.forbidden B.stopped C.allowed
      (4)A.rules B.rulers C.goals
      (5)A.where B.what C.if
      (6)A.students B.parents C.teachers
      (7)A.forbids B.allows C.encourages
      (8)A.serious B.careful C.satisfied
      (9)A.which B.whom C.who
      (10)A.follow B.get C.become
三、短文填空(18分)
18．(8分)用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。
Drawing might help you think
     When you're sitting in class, have you ever drawn pictures in the margins of your notebooks? If so, your teacher might have told you (stop). Many people think of doodling (涂鸦) as a distraction (精神涣散) from more important things. But it might be just the opposite.
     One study shows that doodling may help you remember things you hear. In 2009 researchers asked two groups of people to listen to a phone message. One group (encourage) to doodle, but the other was not. Neither group knew that it would be asked to remember information from the message. But the group that doodled remembered 29 percent more.
     Other people (suggest) other uses for drawing. Jesse Prinz, a professor who studies doodling, says it can help you think creatively. Walking away from a problem to draw might actually help you solve it. When you come back, you (have) a fresh perspective and figure out an answer more quickly.
     Two years ago, an author named Sunni Brown (write) a book on doodling. She argues that doodling is a tool that can help people think. She admits that people see doodling as doing nothing, but she wants to change that. In fact, she runs a business that helps companies improve organization and planning through doodling. Brown (believe) doodling is helpful because it incorporates (整合) many ways of learning. You lean in four ways: seeing, hearing, reading or writing, and through movement. The more ways you use, the better you learn. And when you doodle while you (listen) to a lecture, you use all four.
     You might think that being good at (draw) is important for doodling. But if the point of doodling is to help you think, then it doesn't matter what the picture looks like. Even if you're not an artist, doodling can help you. So next time you need help focusing, pick up a pen and doodle away!
19．(10分)阅读下面短文，根据中文，首字母，音标或语境的提示，在每个空格内填入适当的单词或短语，使其内容通顺、意思完整。
     We can do the daily thing in our life every day. Holding doors open for people behind you, (捡起) litter, thanking people...these acts of kindness seem very small. But students at James Middle School know that such small acts m the world a better place.
     Eight-grades from James Middle School, took part in the Random Acts of Kindness Week, March 31 to April 4. During the week, they (尽最大的努力) to do kind things for others. Celeste Murray, an English teacher at the school, started the activity. S she was little, she has always tried to do small acts of kindness in her spare time. "I believe the world is c by small things," she told the newspaper The Daily Times. Over the week, Murray great changes in her class. (令她吃惊的是), each student learned to care more about others.
     Before that, she always needed to ask her to push the chairs in or off the lights before they leave the classroom. Now, the students do those things (靠他们自己)." The teachers have a lot of work," said Jordon, one of Murray's students. He learned to care more about others. Eliza, another student, (分发) more praises to others. "It makes them feel happy and [sək'sesfl]" she said. The activity made students feel that they can make a d . Hailey decides to continue to do at least one act of kindness every week, busy she is. She believes her acts could encourage (鼓励) others.

四、阅读理解(20分)
20．(5分)     For American teenagers, doing a part-time job is an important part of growing up. They can learn some important skills by doing a part-time job. They can also make some money in this way. Many teenagers believe that making their own money brings them pride and freedom.
     American teenagers can do part-time jobs at the age of 14. On weekdays, they may go to work a few hours a week after school. They usually work for longer on weekends.
     In summer, American teenagers are excited if they find part-time jobs at camps, swimming pools and amusement parks. These jobs can bring them too much fun.
     Some of the most stressed jobs include teaching, nursing, and police work. But these jobs can be useful for their future. When they grow up, the students with work experience are more likely to succeed than those without work experience.
     A favorite job for many teenagers is taking care of babies. They can start before the age of 14. What they only do is to stay in the house and make sure the kids are OK. At the same time, they can do their homework, watch TV, or talk on the phone with friends.
     It is important to balance school, homework, and a part-time job. Many American teenagers agree to do a part-time job and they value their work experience and the skills from the job.
(1)The American teenagers do a part-time job for ____.
          A.talking on the phone with friends
          B.learning skills and getting money
          C.helping their families in the future
          D.doing anything they like
(2)____ is less stressful for American teenagers.
          A.Working as police           B.Nursing
          C.Working at camps           D.Teaching
(3)Which kind of part-time job can a 13-year-old girl do in America?
          A.Working at parks.
          B.Working at a swimming pool.
          C.Looking after babies.
          D.Doing the dishes in a restaurant.
(4)The American teenagers may work for ____ a week after school on weekdays.
          A.one hour           B.one day           C.a few days           D.a few hours
(5)What's the passage mainly about?
          A.American teenagers and their part-time jobs.
          B.Some popular part-time jobs among American teenagers.
          C.How to make more money and learn more skills.
          D.Whether American teenagers should work after graduation.
21．(5分)
Daughter's final song for father
     —By Xu Lingyi, 13, Mercy High School, US
     What is the most surprising thing in summer? A seaside vacation? Some good family time? Or a song that changes your whole life? These all happened to Ronnie, the main character of the book The Last Song (2009). It was written by United States author Nicholas Sparks.
     Since Ronnie's parents divorced (离婚) when she was 14, she had been staying with her mom in New York. Her father, who used to be her piano teacher, lived alone in North Carolina. She was so angry with her dad that she had not talked with him or played the piano ever since they divorced. However, the summer before she turned 18, her mom sent her to North Carolina. At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it. But things changed when her dad found some turtle (海龟) eggs. She learned more about the turtles at the local aquarium (水族馆) and set up a cage to protect the eggs.
     The turtle broke the tough (坚固的) wall between Ronnie and her dad. However, it was on the day the eggs hatched (孵化) that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer. That was why her mom asked her to visit him. Ronnie was very upset. She started playing the piano again and wrote a song for him before he died. Ronnie deeply impressed me. Though she looks rebellious (叛逆的) in the book, she is gentle. She even slept outside the whole night just to protect the turtle eggs. She loves her father.
     It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about the relationship with our parents and how to express love to our parents.
(1)The Last song ____.
          A.was written by Ronnie
          B.is a book whose main character is Ronnie
          C.described the life of North Carolina
          D.tells us how the turtle hatches eggs
(2)Which one is NOT true about Ronnie's story?
          A.Ronnie's parents divorced when she was 14.
          B.Ronnie stayed with her mom after the divorce.
          C.Ronnie's dad used to teach her to play the piano.
          D.Ronnie kept a good relationship with her dad even after the divorce.
(3)What's the meaning of frustrated in paragraph 2?
          A.Unhappy.           B.Afraid.           C.Excited.           D.Happy.
(4)What happened during Ronnie's stay with her dad?
          A.Ronnie and her dad's relationship got worse.
          B.Ronnie found that her dad got married.
          C.Ronnie refused to play the piano again.
          D.Ronnie found that her dad was dying of cancer.
(5)Which of the following is the writer Xu Lingyi's opinion?
          A.Xu doesn't like Ronnie because she is rebellious.
          B.Xu doesn't like Ronnie because she is rebellious.
          C.Xu learns a lot about the relationship with parents from the book.
          D.Xu doesn't know how to express love to her parents.
22．(5分)     In America, drivers' education is part of the regular high school curriculum. Every student in his or her second year of high school is required to take a class in driver's education. However, unlike other courses, it is not given during the regular school year. Instead it is a summer course.
     The course is divided into two parts: class time for learning laws and rules and driving time to practice driving. Class time is not unlike any other class. The students study the basic traffic laws from a text to pass the written driving test that is given to anyone who wants to get a driver's license.
     Driving time is a chance for the students to get behind the wheel and practice starting. Each student is required to drive a total of six hours. The students are divided into groups of four. The students and the instructor go out driving for two hours each time. So each student gets half an hour driving time per outing.
     Drivers Ed cars are unlike other cars in which they have two sets of brakes (刹车), one on the driver's side and one on the other side where the instructor sits. So if the student driver should run into difficulties, the instructor can take over. The car also has another special feature. On the top of the car is a sign that reads: STUDENT DRIVER. That lets nearby drivers know that they should use extra caution because the student driver is a beginning driver, not very experienced.
     After the student has passed the driver's education course and reached the suitable age to drive (this age differs in every state but in most cases the person must be 16 years old), they can go to a state office to take their driver's test, which is made up of an eye examination, a written test, and a road test. The person must pass all the three tests in order to be given a driver's license.
(1)We can infer that the students are required to ____ in their whole driving practice.
          A.go out driving for 12 times
          B.spend at least six hours driving
          C.drive for two-hour blocks of time
          D.get half an hour driving
(2)In America, the driver's course mentioned above is ____.
          A.considered as part of the advanced education
          B.given to anyone wanting to get a driver's license
          C.carried on at the same time as other courses
          D.required of all the students of Grade 2 in high schools
(3)To prevent accidents, a driver's ED car ____.
          A.has a sign inside it
          B.has two sets of brakes
          C.is big enough to hold five persons
          D.can't run very fast
(4)Which of the following does not agree with the requirements for the students wanting to get their driver's license?
          A.They must be 16 years of age.
          B.They should go to have their driver's course.
          C.They must have their eyes examined.
          D.They ought to do well in their driver's course.
(5)The underlined word "caution" in Paragraph 4 means ____.
          A.being brave           B.courage           C.being careful           D.patienc
23．(5分)     If you know something is bad for you, why can't you just stop? About 70% of smokers say they would like to stop. Drug and alcohol abusers (酗酒者) struggle to give up the bad habits that hurt their bodies and destroy families and friendships. And many of us have unhealthy weight that we could lose if only we would eat right and exercise more. So why don't we do it?
     Some scientists have been searching for answers. They've studied what happens in our brains as habits form. They've found answers to why bad habits, once formed, are so difficult to kick. And they're developing ways to help us make the changes we'd like to make.
     Habits are a normal part of life, and are often helpful. "We wake up every morning, shower, comb our hair or brush our teeth without being aware of it," Volkow says. We can drive along familiar routes without really thinking about the directions." When behaviors become automatic (不加思索的), it gives us an advantage, because the brain does not have to perform the action on purpose." Volkow says. This frees up our brains to focus on different things.
     One way to kick bad habits is to focus on your unhealthy habits. Then try your best to stop them. For example, habits can be linked in our minds to certain places and activities. You could develop a plan, say, to avoid walking down the hall where there's a candy machine. Try to avoid going places where you've usually smoked. Stay away from friends and situations linked to problem drinking or drug use.
     Another helpful way is to replace unhealthy habits with new, healthy ones. "It doesn't work for everyone," Volkow says. "But certain groups of patients who have a history of taking a drug can do something else like running and it helps them stay away from drugs."
(1)In the first paragraph, the writer mainly wants to tell us ____.
          A.we should stop something bad for us
          B.most smokers would like to stop smoking
          C.bad habits are really difficult to give up
          D.eating right and exercise more can lose weight
(2)Scientists studied what happened in our brains as habits form in order to ____.
          A.find answers to solve the problem
          B.find ways to form good habits
          C.kick their own bad habits
          D.help us see how bad habits form
(3)Why are habits often of great help to us?
          A.Because they make our life normal.
          B.Because they made us do something better.
          C.Because they made us think more about life.
          D.Because they make our brain focus on other things.
(4)If you want to kick bad habits you'd better ____.
          A.focus on them on purpose
          B.go to the places linked with them
          C.do something linked with them
          D.ask your friends for help
(5)What is the main idea of the passage?
          A.Breaking bad habits.
          B.Forming good habits.
          C.Finding reasons for bad habits.
          D.Replacing bad habits with good ones.

五、任务型阅读(5分)
24．(5分)     Puberty (青春期) is the stage of life when young people leave childhood and head into adulthood. It is a difficult process (过程) for teenagers because it has an effect on both their minds and bodies. They need to understand what is going on with their bodies, how to deal with those changes and how to start taking responsibility (责任) for themselves.
     A young person may begin puberty at 8, while another may not start puberty (A) ____ 14 or 15. In general, girls start puberty two years before boys do. For both girls and boys, it is usually complete by the age of 18.
     During these years, the body develops in many ways. (B) 感受也会迅速地改变.
     Teenage boys at this stage often begin to take unnecessary risks. Their focus is on having fun and being accepted by others. (C) They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves.
     A girl's personality often does not develop in the same way (D) ____ a boy's. Teenage girls sometimes lose confidence in themselves. They are no longer (E) certain about their own feelings. Yet they are usually afraid to tell their parents or teachers about their problems. For this reason, teenage girls should be encouraged to (F) talk about things with trusted adults.
     Parents, schools and communities can do a lot to care for and help young people. It is everyone's responsibility to make sure that young people grow into healthy adults.
(1)在文中(A)和(D)的空白处填入适当的单词。
A:
D:
(2)将文中画线部分(B)译成英语。
(3)文中画线部分(C)指代的是 。
(4)写出文中画线部分(E)和(F)的同义词或近义词。
E:
F:
(5)从文中找出青春期影响青少年两个方面的名词。

六、七选五(10分)
25．(5分)根据短文内容，选出五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。
     Shanghai is one of the first cities in China to see bike sharing fever. Shared bikes can now be found all over the city.   1   On streets you see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you. Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving (涉及) shared bikes.   2  
     One of the most serious accidents took place in March. One Sunday afternoon, a boy was riding an ofo bike (共享单车). He was hit by a bus and later died. The boy's parents were not by his side.   3   He was only about 10 years old.
     The good news is that Shanghai has been trying to manage bike sharing by making rules. The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on.   4   Users must be between 1.45 and 1.95 meters tall.
     However, it could be hard to make these rules work. Ou Jing is ofo's manager in Shanghai. He said the company had banned (禁止) children under 12 from using its service. Yet, young children can still be seen riding ofo bikes. That's because many ofo bikes use manual (手动的) locks.   5   Ofo has developed electronic locks. However, it will take some time for the company to fix the new locks on all of its bikes.     
     Most of you are old enough to ride a shared bike. Still, please ride slowly for your own safety. When you finish using the bike, don't forget to park and lock it properly—for everybody's safety.
     A.If a user doesn't lock the bike properly after using it, anyone can ride it away.
     B.In fact, they are popular not only among adults but also among teens.
     C.All of the children under 12 have stopped riding ofo bikes.
     D.Besides, the boy was considered too young to ride a bike.
     E.For example, only people aged between 12 and 70 can ride shared bikes.
     F.These accidents warn us that shared bikes are not for everybody.
26．(5分)
Teenage life—better now or in the past?
     Does this situation sound familiar?
     You are complaining to your parents about something. Maybe your computer isn't powerful enough to play the latest games.   1   Then you hear...
     "When I was your age, there weren't any computers or video games. And I didn't get a bike until I was sixteen. And it was second-hand.   2  "
     So, is it really true that life is better for teenagers now? It is certainly true that many teenagers have got more things nowadays.   3  . So parents have got more money to spend on each child. And many things are cheaper than they were when our parents were children.
       4   Forty years ago, no one could imagine a world with tiny computers and amazing smart-phones. And now these things are necessary—we can't imagine living without them!
     However, technology often means we spend more time at home. And often it's just us, with our computer or television. Teenagers don't do enough exercise.   5   And, although young people still get on well with their friends, some people think teenagers today don't have so many social activities as they did in the past.
     What do you think? How is teenage life better these days?
     A.And it was too big for me.
     B.A typical family is smaller now.
     C.Or your friends' bikes are better than your!
     D.So they aren't as healthy as they were in the past.
     E.Technology is probably the greatest change in our life.

七、选词填空(10分)
27．(10分)阅读短文，并选择方框中的词或短语用适当形式填空，每个词或短语最多选用一次，有一项是多余的。
such as, and, no, in the end, pay, when, from, add, five, they, secret
     Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later.
     What's the ? They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气), which are an important part of Chinese culture. Last year the United Nations it to the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产).
     The 24 Solar Terms began during the ancient periods. At that time, most Chinese people made living on farms. So weather changes were important for them. But of course, they had weather report or Internet to help them.
     But people found a way. They studied the sun's movement and also attention to other natural changes air temperature, water and plant growth.
, they worked out the 24 Solar Terms to mark the changes.
     The terms became their guide to farming work. For example, the solar term jingzhe (惊蛰) is when insects wake up a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working.
     The 24 Solar Terms is regarded as China's great invention, after papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, it is still widely used in daily life even in the age of technology-based modern farming.

八、填空题(20分)
28．(10分)动词填空。
(1)People (punish) if they break the law any time.
(2)Everyone (ask) to turn off their mobile phones before the meeting started.
(3)Have you been used to (get) up early in winter?
(4)—Where were you last night?
—I was in the library. I (search) for some information on the Internet.
(5) John (tell) to go to the teachers' office just now?
(6)It's a fact that the disabled (give) enough medical care in China.
(7)People are wondering why the price of most food (rise) so quickly in the past few years.
(8)We must do a lot to stop pollution (make) the earth a better place to live on.
(9)The sports meeting they are looking forward (hold) in three days.
(10)Listen! The whole class (sing) an English song.
29．(10分)根据所给要求，改写下列句子。
(1)All of us realized the importance of keeping the air clean. (改为一般疑问句)
all of you the importance of keeping the air clean?
(2)My parents took me to camp in that forest park to celebrate my twelfth birthday. (对画线部分提问)
did your parents take you to camp in that forest park ?
(3)Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home. (改为反意疑问句)
Lucy's mother never loses her temper at home, ?
(4)The price of houses will go up further if the government doesn't make paper laws. (保持句意不变)
The price of houses will go up further the government paper laws.
(5)Our school will hold a big graduation ceremony in the indoor stadium next month. (改为被动语态)
A big graduation ceremony will in the indoor stadium next month.
(6)"Do you want any more apple juice?" my cousin asked me. (改为宾语从句)
My cousin asked me I some more apple juice.
(7)the book, Betty, get, decided to, it, in order to, read, from, some information (连词成句)


九、书面表达(15分)
30．(15分)       近期，关于师生冲突的新闻频现媒体。针对这一现象，某英文报社就“如何处理师生之间的矛盾”发起了一个专题征文活动。假设你是李华，请根据下表中的内容提示，结合你自己的观点，用英语写一篇小短文，发表在学校“英语角”上。
原因
解决办法
1. 师生之间缺少交流与沟通；
2. 教师对学生要求过分严格；
3. 不良的家庭教育；
……
1. 加强交流与沟通，消除误解；
2. 建立平等友好的师生关系；
3. 加强家校沟通；
……
注意：
1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
3. 词数：80词左右，信件的开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：conflict n. 冲突；media n. 媒体；misunderstanding n. 误解；be lack of 缺少；build up 建立；family education 家庭教育
     Recently, news about the conflicts between teachers and students frequently appear on the media. Why are the relationship between teachers and students becoming so serious?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
知识能力提升训练答案
一、单项选择
1． 【答案】D
【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态及动词辨析。句意：——我想借这本书，但我不知道我可以借多久。——两周。
根据 but I don't know how long it may 可知，这里 how long 是指一段时间，动词应该用延续性动词，而 borrow是个非延续性动词，所以应用 keep。it 指 the book，它是动作 keep 的承受者，所以句子应该用被动语态，这里含有情态动词 may，所以使用含有情态动词的被动语态。故选D。
2． 【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我可以进公寓去找我妹妹吗？——对不起，你不能。男士不能进入女生公寓。
could 开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用 can't，第一空应用 can't；第二个空结合语境可知，表示“不得、禁止”，用 mustn't。故选B。
3． 【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：你最好把你那颗坏牙拔掉。
you'd better do sth 你最好做某事；have sth done 请人做某事，让某事被做；根据语境可知 tooth 是被 pull out 的。根据句意，可知选A。
4． 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：在等考试结果的时候，我们经历了一些焦急的时刻。
pleasant 愉快的；anxious 紧张的，焦虑的；hopeful 充满希望的；disappointing 失望的。根据常识可知等考试结果的心情应该是焦急的。故选B。
5． 【答案】B
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：一班有50个学生。其中20人是男生，其他的都是女生。
the other 特指两者中的另一个，或后跟名词，指其余的全部；the others 特指其余的全部；others 泛指其它的；another 泛指三者以上的另一个。结合句意可知，此处是指特定范围内的另一部分，要用定冠词 the 表特指，排除CD；the others=the other+名词，此处用 the others 指代 the other students。故选B。
6． 【答案】D
【解析】考查介词短语。句意：——你得让一让，你挡了我的路了。——对不起。
on my way 在路上；in this way 用这种方式；by the way 顺便说一下；in my way 挡我的路。根据句意可知选D。
7． 【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——你一定要现在烦我吗？你没看见我在做作业吗？——对不起，我有重要的事情要告诉你。
Can 能，会；Should 应该；Must 必须，一定 （表示推测）；根据 Sorry, but I have something important to tell you. 可知空格处用 Must 表示一种不愉快的感受，可译为“偏偏”。故选C。
8． 【答案】D
【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：——吴老师，我什么时候应该上交报告？——直到你明天完成才交。
not until 引导时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来时；答语中的主语 it（my report）是谓语动词的承受者，应用被动语态结构。故选D。
9． 【答案】D
【解析】考查过去将来时被动语态。句意：我们听说第24届冬季奥运会将会在2022年北京举办。
that 引导宾语从句，主句为一般过去时，从句要用过去时态的一种；根据从句中时间状语 in 2022 可知时态为一般将来时，因为是在宾语从句中，所以时态要用过去将来时；又因为 Winter Olympic Games 与动词 host 之间存在动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；过去将来时的被动结构为：would+be+动词的过去分词形式。故选D。
10． 【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态。句意：何不让这个男孩再尝试一下呢？如果给他第二次机会的话他会做得更好。
if 引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来时；根据句意推断 he 是 give 的间接宾语，空格处应用被动语态；故选C。
11． 【答案】B
【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：杰克告诉图书管理员他一看完书就会归还。
as soon as 引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，空格处应用将来时，又因空格处位于宾语从句中，且主句的时态为过去时，故应用过去将来时；the book 是动词 return 的承受者，故用过去将来时的被动语态 would+be+过去分词。故选B。
12． 【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：中国人都想知道什么时候我们不必担心我们呼吸的空气。
can't 不可能；needn't 不必；shouldn't 不应该；mustn't 不允许。分析句意可知此处表示“不必”，用 needn't 符合语境。故选B。
13． 【答案】B
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：在一班有50个学生。20个是男生，其他是女生。
others 其他人，前面加 the，表示特指。another 三者或三者以上的另一个。故选B。
14． 【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：过去，工人们被要求从早到晚工作。
make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，但该结构用在被动语态时应为 sb. be made to do sth. 故选B。

15． 【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。句意：只有用这种方式我们才能成功。
only 引导的状语位于首时，句子要用倒装语序。故选A。
16． 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：如果你努力奋斗，知道你是谁，并以你是谁而骄傲，你就有获胜的机会。
choice 选择；chance 机会；decision 决定；direction 方向。本题是 if 引导的条件状语从句，根据句意，可知应选B。
二、完形填空
17． 【答案】 (1)A (2)B (3)C (4)A (5)C
(6)B (7)A (8)C (9)C (10)A
【解析】本文介绍了一些学校针对学生的早恋现象制定了严格的规则，让学生去遵守。有些人学生不满意这样的规则，有些人认为学校应该提供正确的指导和教育，而不是给出简单而且粗暴的规则，要求学生去遵守。
1. A 考查介词。about 关于；to 向；from 自，从。句意：每个人都有一段很难忘记的关于学校的美丽回忆。memory about school 关于学校的回忆。故选A。
2. B 考查介词。for 为了；behind 在……后面；with 用。句意：在许多事情中，关系是最难丢弃的。leave for 动身去某地，leave behind 留下，丢弃。结合句意，表示难以丢弃的。故选B。
3. C 考查动词辨析。forbidden 禁止；stopped 停止；allowed 允许。句意：关于“恋爱”关系的任何事情都是不被允许的。根据句意可知选C。
4. A 考查名词辨析。rules 规则；rulers 尺子；goals 目标。句意：河南省洛河的一所中学制定了规定，男生和女生应该在明亮的地方见面，至少有五位同学在场。结合句意，此处表示学校制定的规则。故选A。
5. C 考查连词。where 哪里；what 什么；if 如果。句意：如果他们私自见面，他们将被要求和父母回家待一周多，甚至被劝退学。If 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故选C。
6. B 考查名词辨析。students 学生；parents 父母；teachers 老师。句意：如果他们私自见面，他们将被要求和父母回家待一周多，甚至被劝退学。根据句意可知选B。
7. A 考查动词辨析。forbids 禁止；allows 允许；encourages 鼓励。句意：山东济南的一所中学禁止每个学生向异性送食物和礼物或者从异性那里收礼物或吃的。根据句意可知选A。
8. C 考查形容词辨析。serious 严肃的；careful 认真的；satisfied 满意的。句意：有些学生不满意这样的规定。be satisfied with 对……满意，根据句意可知选C。
9. C 考查关系代词。which 哪一个，引导定语从句修饰事物；whom 谁，引导定语从句修饰人，作宾语；who谁，引导定语从句修饰人，作主语。句意：关心学生智力发展的一些人说他们应该用更少的规则，更有创新性。此处修饰 people 的定语从句，缺少主语，应用关系代词 who。故选C。
10. A 考查动词辨析。follow 遵守；get 得到；become 变得。句意：学校应该提供正确的指导和教育，而不是给出简单而且粗暴的规则，要求学生去遵守。根据句意可知选A。
三、短文填空
18． 【答案解析】  
本文介绍了涂鸦的作用。有人认为涂鸦会使人精神涣散，但另一部分人认为涂鸦会使人有创造性。教授 Jesse Prinz 在实验中证明了涂鸦的作用。Sunni Brown 也写了一本关于涂鸦的书。在书中也介绍了涂鸦的益处。
1. to stop句意：如果是这样，你的老师可能会叫你停下来。tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事。故填 to stop。
2. was encouraged句意：一组被鼓励涂鸦，而另一组则不允许涂鸦。因为这个实验是在2009年做的，因此用过去时，主语 One group 与谓语动词 encourage 在逻辑上是动宾关系，需用被动语态；又因为主语 One group 为单数，故填 was encouraged。
3. have suggested句意：其他人也说明了涂鸦的其他用途。根据下文“研究涂鸦的教授 Jesse Prinz 说它可以帮助你创造性地思考”可知说明了涂鸦的别的好处，是已经发生的事情，用现在完成时。因为主语 Other people 为复数，故填 have suggested。
4. will have 句意：当你回来的时候，你会有一个全新的视角，更快地找到答案。根据 When you come back 是一般现在时可知主句用一般将来时。故填 will have。
5. wrote句意：两年前，一位名叫 Sunni Brown 的作家写了一本关于涂鸦的书。因为是两年前写的书，所以时态用一般过去时。故填 wrote。
6. believes句意：布朗认为涂鸦很有帮助，因为它包含了多种学习方式。由从句的谓语 is 可知主句为一般现在时。Brown 作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填 believes。
7. are listening句意：当你边听讲座边涂鸦时，这四个动作你会同时用到。while 引导的句子用现在进行时，主语是 you，故填 are listening。
8. drawing句意：你可能认为擅长画画对涂鸦很重要。be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事，故填 drawing。                         
19． 【答案解析】
1. picking up句意：为身后的人撑开门，捡垃圾，感谢他人……这些善良的行为似乎看起来都很小。pick up 捡起；根据空格前面的 holding 及后面的 thanking 可知此处用动名词形式，表示并列关系。故填 picking up。
2. make句意：但是詹姆斯中学的学生们知道这些小的行为可以让世界更美好。make sth. sth. 使……成为……；根据语境可知时态为一般现在时。故填 make。
3. from句意：詹姆斯中学的八年级学生参加了从三月三十一日至四月四日的随意善举周活动。from... to... 从……到……；根据句意可知填 from。
4. tried their best句意：那周期间，他们尽最大的努力来给他人做善事。try one's best 尽最大的力；句子描述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时。故填 tried their best。
5. Since句意：她自小以来就总是在空闲时间做很多细小的善事。since 自从，多用于完成时；句子中用了 has tried 表示完成时。故填 Since。
6. changed句意：她告诉每日时报：“我相信这个世界会被很多的小事改变。”be changed 被改变；根据句子结构可知 the world 与 change 是被动关系。故填  changed。
7. saw/found句意：在这一周，Murray 发现/看到她班上的很大的变化。see 看见；find 发现；句子描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。根据句意可知填 saw/found。
8. To her surprise句意：令她吃惊的是，每个学生都学会了更加关爱他人。to ones surprise 令人吃惊的是，介词短语在句子中作状语。故填 To her surprise。
9. students句意：在那之前，放学的时候，她总是要叫学生们把椅子放好或把灯关掉。students 学生们；根据句意可知填 students。
10. turn句意：在那之前，放学的时候，她总是要叫学生们把椅子放好或把灯关掉。turn off 关掉；ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事；故填 turn。
11. by themselves句意：现在学生们自己会做那些事。do sth. by oneself 某人独自做某事；主语 the students 是复数形式，后面的反身代词也应用复数。故填 by themselves。
12. gave out句意：另外一个学生，Eliza，给予了他人更多的夸赞。give out 分发；根据语境可知用一般过去时。故填 gave out。
13. successful句意：她说：“那样使得他们感到开心和成功。”successful [sək'sesfl] 成功的；根据音标提示可知填 successful。
14. difference句意：这个活动让学生感觉到他们可以有一点点影响。make a difference  有影响；根据句意及首字母提示可填 difference。
15. however句意：Hailey 决定每周继续做至少一件善事，无论她有多么忙。however 无论多么，修饰形容词或副词；根据句意结构可知，本句是让步状语从句。故填 however。
四、阅读理解
20． 【答案】 (1)B (2)C (3)C (4)D (5)A
【解析】1. B 由文章第一段第二、三句可知，通过兼职工作，他们不但可以学会技巧，也会赚一些钱。故选B。
2. C 由第四段首句 Some of the most stressed... 可知，A、B、D三项是压力最大的兼职工作，故排除这三项。结合第三段可知，在营地工作很有趣。故选C。
3. C 由倒数第二段第二句可知，在14岁以前可以从事照顾小孩儿这一兼职工作。故选C。
4. D 由第二段第二句 On weekdays, ... a few hours a week after school. 可知，在工作日，可以每周工作几个小时。故选D。
5. A 本文主要谈论了美国青少年和他们的兼职工作，并介绍了兼职的种类和意义。由此可知A项最符合。
21． 【答案】 (1)B (2)D (3)A (4)D (5)C
【解析】短文主要介绍罗尼父母离婚了，父亲独自居住，一次妈妈送她去看望爸爸，罗尼开始很沮丧，后来爸爸照顾海龟蛋的事打破了她和父亲之间的隔膜。后来罗尼知道母亲送她去看望父亲，是因为父亲得了癌症，为了纪念他，罗尼写了一首歌曲，表达对父亲的爱。
1. 细节理解题。根据 These all happened to Ronnie, the main character of the book The Last Song (2009).可知 The Last Song 是一本书，这本书的主角是 Ronnie。故选B。
2. 理解判断题。根据 Since ronnie's parents divorced when she was 14. 可知A选项正确；根据 she had been staying withher mom in New york. 可知B选项正确；根据 Her father, who used to be her piano teacher. 可知C选项正确；根据 She was so angry with her dad that she had not talked with him or played the piano ever since they divorced. 可知D选项错误。故选D。
3. 词义猜测题。根据 She was so angry with her dad that she had not talked with him or played the piano ever since they divorced. However, the summer before she turned 18, her mom sent her to North Carolina. At first, Ronnie was frustrated about it.（罗尼的父母离婚后，她对父亲很生气，所以她就不和他说话，也不弹钢琴。但是，在她18岁之前的那个夏天，她的母亲把她送到了北卡罗来纳州她父亲那里）由此可推知，起初，罗尼肯定是失意、沮丧、不高兴的，结合选项，可知A选项 Unhappy 符合题意。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据文中的句子 However, it was on the day the eggs hatched that Ronnie found out her dad was dying of cancer. 然而，正是蛋孵化的那天，罗尼发现她的父亲死于癌症；可知，罗尼和她父亲在一起的时候，她发现她的父亲死于癌症。故选D。
5. 细节理解题。根据最后一行 It is a meaningful story. It teaches us about relationships with our parents and how to express love to our parents. 这是一个有意义的故事，它教我们如何与父母相处，以及如何表达对父母的爱；可知，徐从书中学到了许多关于父母关系的知识。故选C。
22． 【答案】 (1)A (2)D (3)B (4)A (5)C
【解析】在美国，驾驶教育是普通高中课程的一部分。本文介绍了美国学生如何学习驾驶课程的，为了拿到驾驶执照，他们必须通过三种测试：眼睛检测、笔试和路试。
1. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Each student is required to drive a total of six hours. 和最后一句 So each student gets half an hour driving time per outing. 可知，学生每次出去练习驾驶半小时，总共要练习六小时，需要12次的驾驶练习。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Every student in his or her second year of high school is required to take a class in driver's education. 可知，高中二年级的每一个学生都需要参加驾驶教育的课程。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 Drivers Ed cars are unlike other cars in which they have two sets of brakes(刹车), one on the driver' s side and one on the other side where the instructor sits. 可知，教练车有两个刹车，一个在司机一边，一个在教练坐的那一边。故选B。
4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的描述可知，为了获得驾驶执照，必须通过三个测试：眼睛检测、笔试和路试。而年满16岁的条件，各州规定不一。故选A。
5. 词义猜测题。根据后文 because the student driver is a beginning driver, not very experienced.（因为学生司机是新手司机，不是很有经验）可推知是让附近的司机知道他们，应该格外小心。being careful 小心。故选C。
23． 【答案】 (1)C (2)A (3)D (4)A (5)A
【解析】短文主要讲述了科学家研究发发现，坏习惯形成时大脑的反应以帮助人们改掉坏习惯。 建议要有意识地去针对坏习惯。 用新的、 健康的方式取代不健康的习惯。
1. 段落大意题。通读整个第一段可知，坏习惯很难放弃。故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据文中 Some scientists have been searching for answers. They've studied what happens in our brains as habits form. They've found answers to why bad habits, once formed, are so difficult to kick. And they're developing ways to help us make the changes we'd like to make. 可知，科学家们以习惯的形式研究了我们大脑中发生的事情，以便找到解决这个问题的答案。故选A。
3. 细节理解题。根据文中 We can drive along familiar routes without really thinking about the directions. "When behaviors become automatic (不加思索的), it gives us an advantage, because the brain does not have to perform the action on purpose." Volkow says. This frees up our brains to focus on different things. 可知，因为它们让我们的大脑专注于其他事情。故选D。
4. 细节理解题。根据文中 One way to kick bad habits is to focus on your unhealthy habits. Then try your best to stop them. For example, habits can be linked in our minds to certain places and activities. You could develop a plan, say, to avoid walking down the hall where there's a candy machine. Try to avoid going places where you've usually smoked. Stay away from friends and situations linked to problem drinking or drug use. 可知，如果你想改掉坏习惯，你最好有目的地关注它们。故选A。
5. 主旨大意题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要是讲述了如何改掉坏习惯。故选A。

五、任务型阅读
24． 【答案】(1)until as
(2)Feeling can also change quickly.
(3)Teenage boys
(4)sure discuss
(5)minds, bodies
【解析】青春期是生活的一个阶段，这时年轻人告别童年而步入成年。这对青少年来说是一个困难的过程，因为它对身心都有影响。一个年轻人可能8岁开始青春期，然而其他人可能直到14、15岁才开始青春期，对于男孩和女孩来说，到18岁结束。还具体介绍了青春期男孩和女孩各自不同的表现等情况。
1. ①句意：有的人可能8岁开始青春期，然而其他人可能直到14、15岁才开始青春期。not...until 直到……才，符号语境。故填 until。
    ②句意：女孩的性格往往不像男孩的那样发展。the same as 和……一样，故填 as。
2. Feeling can also change quickly. 感受也会迅速地改变。
3. 根据第四段 Teenage boys at this stage often begin to take unnecessary risks. Their focus is on having fun and being accepted by others. They need to think before they act and make good decisions for themselves.（在这个阶段，十几岁的男孩往往开始承担不必要的风险。他们的重点是享受乐趣和被他人接受。他们需要在行动之前做出思考并为自己做出好的决定）可知 they 指的是 Teenage boys。
4. ①certain 确定的，同义词是 sure。
    ②talk about 谈论，讨论，同义词是 discuss。
5. 根据第一段 It is a difficult process (过程) for teenagers because it has an effect on both their minds and bodies.（这对青少年来说是一个艰难的过程，因为它对他们的身心都有影响）可知青春期影响青少年的思想和身体。故填 minds, bodies。
六、七选五
25． 【答案】 (1)B (2)F (3)D (4)C (5)A
【解析】1. 根据下句 On streets see riders of your age. Some might even be younger than you. 和上句 Shared bikes can now be found all over the city. 可判断此句应该是“实际上，它们不仅在成人中受欢迎，而且在青少年中也受欢迎”。故选B。
2. 根据上句 Unluckily, there have been some accidents involving (涉及) shared bikes（不幸地是，一些事故涉及到共享单车）与选项F（这些事故警告共享单车不是每个人都可以使用的）语境相符。故选F。
3. 根据上文和下句 He was only about 10 years old. 可知本处与这个男孩有关，故选D。
4. 根据 The rules are still being discussed, but some of the rules have been decided on. 可知与选项C（所有十二岁以下的孩子停止使用骑共享单车）语境相符。故选C。
5. 根据上文 That's because many ofo bikes use manual locks. 和下文 Ofo has developed electronic locks. 可知本句应该与共享单车的上锁有关。故选A。
26． 【答案】 (1)C (2)A (3)B (4)E (5)D
【解析】短文讲述青少年现在的生活和过去的生活做对比，详细地介绍了生活的变化之大，同时也带来一些问题等。
1. 根据下文 Then you hear… "When I was your age，there weren't any computers or video games. And I didn't get a bike until I was sixteen. ..."（然后你会听到…… “当我像你这么大的时候，没有任何电脑或视频游戏，直到我十六岁的时候我才得到一辆自行车。……”）可知上文提到了电脑游戏和自行车。故选C。
2. 根据上文“...And it was second-hand. ..."（它是二手货）可知说的是自行车，结合选项，应说它对我来说太大了。故选A。
3. 根据下文 So parents have got more money to spend on each child. And many things are cheaper than they were when our parents were children. 可知说的是现在家庭的孩子都受到好的照顾。结合选项，可知选B。
4. 根据下文 Forty years ago, no one could imagine a world with tiny computers and amazing smartphones. And now these things are necessary—we can't imagine living without them! （四十年前，没有人能想象一个拥有微型计算机和惊人的智能手机的世界，而现在这些东西是必须的，我们无法想象没有它们的生活）可知说的是技术对生活的改变；结合选项，可知选E。
5. 根据上文 Teenagers don't do enough exercise.（青少年没有做足够的运动）可知说的是运动很少，结合选项，可知空格处表示他们不像以前那么健康了。故选D。

七、选词填空
27．【答案】and、secret、added、their、no、paid、such as、In the end、from、fifth
【解析】1. 此处是“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，填 and，给他们一个中国农历日期，他们就能知道接下来几天或几月的天气状况。
2. 句意：秘诀是什么呢？secret 秘密。
3. add to 加入，根据时间状语 last year 可知此处用一般过去时，填 added。
4. make one's living on 以……谋生。主语为 most Chinese people，可知用代词 their。
5. 他们没有天气预报或者网络帮助他们了解天气。填 no。
6. pay attention to 关注，此处描述的是过去的情况，用过去时，填 paid。
7. 他们研究太阳运动也关注其他一些自然变化，如气温，降水和植物的生长情况。such as 例如。
8. 最后他们得出24节气来标记气候变化。in the end 最后。
9. 惊蛰就是昆虫经过冬眠醒来的时节。填 from。
10. 24节气被认为是中国的第五大发明，继造纸术，印刷术，指南针和火药之后。填 fifth。
八、填空题
28． 【答案】(1)will be punished
(2)will be asked
(3)getting
(4)was searching
(5)Was        told
(6)are given
(7)has risen
(8)making
(9)will be held
(10)are singing
【解析】1. 句意：人们在任何时候违背法律，都将受到惩罚。punish 惩罚，及物动词；句中 if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态。主语 People 和动词 punish 构成被动关系，故填一般将来时的被动语态 will be punished。
2. 句意：在会议开始之前每个人都被要求关闭手机。ask 要求，问，及物动词。句中 before 引导的是时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态。又因为句子的主语 Everyone 和动词 ask 构成被动关系，故填一般将来时的被动语态 will be asked。
3. 句意：你习惯了在冬天的时候早起吗？get up 是固定短语，起床；be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事，固定搭配。故填 getting。
4. 句意：——昨天晚上你在哪里？——我在图书馆里。我当时正在网上搜索一些信息。search 搜索，搜查，动词。根据对话的意思可知，这里说的是昨天晚上在图书馆正在做的事，应用过去进行时。故填 was searching。
5. 句意：刚才 John 被告诉去老师的办公室了吗？ tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。根据句意可知，这句话的主语 John 和动词 tell 构成被动关系，故这里应填被动语态，再根据句中的 just now 可知，应用一般过去时态。故填 Was...told。
6. 句意：在中国，残疾人被给予了足够的医疗护理，这是一个事实。give 给，动词。根据句意可知，残疾人被给予，从句中的主语 the disabled 和动词 give 构成被动关系，故应使用被动语态。这句话讲述的是一个客观事实，应用一般现在时态。故填 are given。
7. 句意：人们想要知道为什么在过去的几年里大多数食物的价格上涨的如此快。rise上升，上涨，不及物动词。根据句意和句中的时间状语 in the past few years 可知，这句话应使用现在完成时态。故填 has risen。
8. 句意：我们必须做很多事来阻止污染，使地球成为一个可以居住的更好的地方。make 在这里是一个使役动词，使。这里用现在分词形式在句中作伴随状语，和句子的主语 we 构成主动关系。故填 making。
9. 句意：他们一直盼望的运动会将会在三天后举行。hold 举办，及物动词。根据句意可知，主语 The sports meeting 和谓语动词 hold 之间构成被动关系，而且时间是 in three days，是将来的时间，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 will be held。
10. 句意：听！全班同学正在唱一首英语歌。sing 唱歌，及物动词。根据句意和句中的 Listen 可知，这里表示正在发生的事情，应使用现在进行时态，主语 the whole class 表示全班同学，是复数的意思。故填 are singing。
29． 【答案】(1)Did.......realize
(2)What.......for
(3)does she
(4)unless makes
(5)be held
(6)if/whether wanted
(7)Betty decided to read the book in order to get some information from it.
【解析】1. 原句是由实义动词 realize 引导的陈述句，在改为一般疑问句时需借助助动词，由题干可知本句的时态为一般过去时，因此助动词用 did，原句的谓语动词 realized 改为原形 realize。故填 Did...realize。
2. 画线处 to celebrate my twelfth birthday 表示“庆祝我的十二岁生日”，故问题是在问目的，因此用 What…for 进行提问，故填 What...for。
3. 本句的前半部分为否定，则后半部分应用肯定；由句意可知时态是一般现在时，主语 Lucy's mother 是第三人称单数形式，所以助动词用 does。故填 does she。
4. 原句句意“如果政府不制定成文法，房价将会进一步上涨”等同于“除非国家制定成文法，否则房价将会进一步上涨”。这是一个由 unless 引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，the goverment 是第三人称单数，所以句中的谓语动词用 makes。故填 unless...makes。
5. 句意：我们学校下个月在室内体育馆举行盛大的毕业典礼。一般将来时的被动语态构成为 will be done，hold 的过去分词是 held。故填 be held。
6. 原句句意：“你还要苹果汁吗？”我的表哥问我。改为宾语从句的句意为“我的表兄问我是否还要苹果汁”；if/whether 是否，都可引导宾语从句；根据 asked 可知宾语从句的时态是一般过去时。故填 if/whether...wanted。
7. Betty decided to read the book in order to get some information from it. 贝蒂决定读这本书，以便从中得到一些信息。

九、书面表达
30． 【答案】     Recently, news about the conflicts between teachers and students frequently appear on the media. Why are the relationship between teachers and students becoming so serious?
     Different people have different ideas about it. In my opinion, teachers and students are lack of good communication. Some teachers are too strict with the students. They ask the students to do this, not to do that, so students have too much pressure. Some students don't have good family education. They gradually become rude and impolite.
     To solve these problems, teachers and students need to chat often and avoid misunderstanding. Teachers should care more about students' feelings and help them solve the problems in life. Little by little, they can build up an equal and friendly relationship. Besides, schools should often communicate with parents and ask parents to take part in school activities. Then they can know their children and the schools well.
     All in all, understanding is a good way to solve the problems.