初一英语上册（秋季班）讲义 第2讲 Unit 2 This is my sister. 提升版

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第二讲 Unit 2 This is my sister. 提升版
单元目标总览：
单元话题
Introduce one’s family members
基本要求
重点单词
1、sister    姐；妹 2、mother    母亲；妈妈
3、father    父亲；爸爸 4、parent    父（母）亲
5、brother    兄；弟 6、grandmother   （外）祖母；奶奶
7、grandfather   (外)祖父；爷爷 8、grandparent   祖父（母）
9、family   家；家庭 10、those    那些
11、who    谁；什么人 12、oh   哦；啊
13、these    这些 14、they    他（她、它）们
15、well    嗯；好吧 16、have    经受；经历
17、Have a good day! (表示祝愿)过得愉快！
18、bye   (=goodbye)再见 19、son    儿子
20、cousin    堂兄（弟、姐、妹）；表兄
21、grandpa（外）祖父；爷爷；外公22、mom   (=mum)妈妈
23、aunt 姑母；姨母；伯母；婶母；舅母
24、grandma（外）祖母；奶奶；外婆；
25、dad   爸爸 26、uncle    舅父；叔父；伯父；姑父；舅父
27、daughter    女儿 28、here    (用以介绍人或物)这就是；在这里
29、photo   照片 30、of    属于(人或物)；关于(人或物)
31、next    下一个（的）；接下来（的）32、picture   照片；图画
33、girl    女孩 34、dog    狗
1、 学会用英语指认人物关系并介绍家庭成员；
2、 正确使用who引导的特殊疑问句询问第三方是谁
常用短语
1. an uncle/aunt 叔叔/阿姨
2. his aunts and uncles 他的阿姨和叔叔们
3. my four friends 我的四个朋友
4. his parents 他的父母
5. my family 我的家
6. your brother/sister 你的兄弟/姐妹
7. these two girls 这两个女孩
8. in Picture 1/in the first picture在 第一张图片里
9. have a good day 过得愉快
10. my family photo 我家的全家福
11. a photo of my family 我家的一张照片
12. the name of my dog 我的狗的名字
13. in my family 在我家里
14. two photos/pictures 两张照片
重点句型
1. This is my friend Jane. 这是我的朋友简。
2. These are my brothers. 这些是我的兄弟们。
3. Those are my brothers. 那些是我的兄弟们。
4. That’s my family. 那是我的全家。
5. —Are those/these your parents? 那/这些是你的父母吗？
—Yes,they are. 是的，他们是。
6. — Who's he? 他是谁？
— He’s my brother，Paul. 他是我的兄弟，保罗。
7. 一Who are they? 他们是谁？
—They’re my grandparents. 他们是我的祖父母。
8. Here are two nice photos of my family.
这是我家两张漂亮的照片。
9. My grandfather and grandmother are in the first photo.
我爷爷和奶奶在第一张照片里。
10. In the next picture are my brothers, Bob and Eric.
我的兄弟鲍勃和埃里克在下一张照片里。

核心语法
1、 各司其职的指示代词
2、 初识可数名词复数
Section A 考点知识梳理
1、parents n. 父母。parents 为parent的复数形式，parents=mother and father ,parent意为“父亲或母亲”
◆Lucy and Tom are her parents. 露西和汤姆是她的父母。
2、That’s my family.那是我的家人。
Family名词，意为“家，家庭”；family指家这个整体时，若做主语，谓语动词用单数形式；指家庭里的全体成员，意为“家人”，若做主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family没有复数形式变化，若指多个家庭，family有复数形式families。
◆Tom’s family is big.汤姆的家庭是个大家庭。
◆ Jim’s family is a small .吉姆的家庭是个小家庭。
◆Her family are all here.她一家人全在这
3、grandmother n.意为“ 祖母；外祖母；奶奶；姥姥”
对应的 grandfather n.意为“ 祖父；外祖父；爷爷；姥爷”
grandmother是合成词，由grand和mother构成,grand adj.意为“重大的，伟大的”，是一个前缀， 表示亲属关系中的“（外）祖...”或“（外）孙...”之意。
孙子grandson
孙女granddaughter
祖父母；外祖父母grandparents
4、who’s she?她是谁？
（1）who 疑问代词，意为“谁”。Who is/are........?是对人物身份进行提问的句型。回答时，
当主语为单数时，回答为“I’m.../She is.../He is...”
当主语为复数时，回答为“We’re... /They’re...”
◆Who is he?他是谁？
He is Jack.他是杰克。
拓展：whom是who的宾格，意为“谁”。在口语中，作宾语whom通常可以用who代替；whose是who的所有格形式，意为“谁的”。
◆-Whom do you go to school with?你和谁一起去学校？
-Mary.玛丽
（2） she是人称代词的第三人称单数，他作主语时，谓语动词用单数；其复数形式是they，they作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
◆She is my brother.她是我妈妈。
◆They are students.他们是学生。
拓展：he指男性第三人称单数，she指女性第三人称单数。他们的复数形式都是they。
5、 Oh,and these are my brothers.哦，这些是我的兄弟们。
（1） these指示代词，意为“这些”，是this的复数形式。“These are......”是“this is......”句型的复数形式。
◆These are apples.这些是苹果。
辨析：this、these、that、those都可作指示代词，其区别应用情况如下：
this
这；这个
单数
指代距离说话者较近的人或物
This is这是.......
these
这些；
复数
These are......这些是.......
that
那；那个
单数
指代距离说话者较远的人或物
That is那是.......
those
哪些
复数
Those are........那些是......
注意：this，these，that，those还可做限定词：
①this，that作限定词时，一般与可数名词单数连用。
◆That/This apple is red.这个/那个苹果是红色的。
②these,those做限定词时，一般与可数名词复数连用。
◆These/Those apples are red.这些/那些苹果是红色的。
（2） brother可数名词，意为“兄；弟”，此处brothers是他的复数形式。
◆I have two brothers.我有两个弟弟。
6、 Oh,Jane,this is my sister Kate.哦，简，这是我妹妹凯特。
This is......是用来介绍他人的常用句型，意为“这是......”
◆This is my friend Tom.这是我的朋友汤姆。
注意：this is 没有缩写。
7、Well,have a good day! 好吧，祝你们玩的愉快！
（1）Have a good day用于表达祝愿，祝愿对方在一天里有个好心情和运气，其中day还可以用morning，evening等词代替。其答语为Thank you./Thanks.
拓展：类似表达方式：
①Have a good time! 祝你（们）上午玩的愉快！
②Have a good dream!祝你（们）做个好梦！
③Have good luck!祝你（们）好运！
④Have a good trip!祝你（们）旅途愉快！
（2）well此处用作感叹词，意为“嗯，好吧”。用以强调所说之事，或用来停顿片刻使自己在说话之前有时间考虑，放在句子开头，其后用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。
◆Well,I think it’s a good idea anyway.恩，让我想一想，我认为这是个好主意。
8、You,too.也祝你们愉快。
此句为英语中常见的一句答语，通常表示把同样的祝愿送给对方，相当于汉语中“你（们）也一样”
Section B考点知识梳理
1、Here are two nice photos of my family.这有两张我家人的漂亮照片。
（1）here adv.意为“这儿，这里”，放在句子开头，构成倒装句，用以引起注意或加强语气。其正常语序：Two nice photos of my family are here.类似的词还有there，当句子以here,there开头时，要用倒装语序，即“Here/There +谓语动词+主语（名词）。” 其中谓语动词形式要视后面主语而定。
◆Here is the news.这是新闻。
◆There comes the bus.公共巴士来了。
（2）of 介词，意为“...的”，在英语中表示无生命的东西的所有格时，一般用of短语来表示所属关系。
◆This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。
2、My grandfather and grandmother are in the first photo.第一张照片中是我的爷爷和奶奶。
in the first photo意为“在第一张照片中”。其中，first为序数词，意为“第一”，其前须用定冠词the。若其前有形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格，则不必加定冠词the。
◆Today is the first day of this week.今天是这周的第一天。
3、In the next picture are my brothers,Bob and Eric.
（1）next 此处为形容词，意为“下一个的，接下来的”
◆We will go fishing next week.
（2）picture 可数名词，此处意为“照片”，与photo 同义。
picture
图片，照片
Draw a picture.
Look at the picture,please.
photo
照片
Can you take a photo of me ?




语法知识点：一、指示代词
（1）this,that,these,those
this和these指说话人较近的人或物，that和those指说话人较远的人或物．
this和that指单数，连系动词be动词用单数形式is,同时后面的名词用单数形式；these和those表示复 数,连系动词be动词用复数形式are,同时后面的名词用复数形式。
①在回答主语this或that的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，在答语中用it代替句中this或that；在回答主语these或those的一般疑问句或特殊疑问句时，在答语中用they代替句中these或those。
②在介绍某人时，用this或that，而不用he或she。
③打电话时，说自己是谁用This is...，问别人是谁用Who’s that?

转换技巧：单数形式的句子转换成复数形式的句子：
①指示代词的变化：this→these，that→those；
②人称代词的变化：第一人称I变为we，you不发生变化，he/she/it变为they；
③be动词的变化，am和is变为are；
④可数名词的变化，此处为学习重点。
2、人称代词：I, she，he, they
（1）人称代词I 在任何情况下都要大写，且常与am连用。
◆I’m Chinese.我是中国人。
（2）在口语中，如果人称代词孤立地用于不带谓语动词的句子中作主语，习惯上用宾格。
◆I like playing basketball. 我喜欢打篮球。
Me ,too.我也是。
（3）单数人称代词并列作主语时，在英语中的顺序是：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称，即：You and me；he and I; you,he and I.
◆Are you and she friends?你和他是朋友吗？
（4）单独使用时，he,she 与is连用；you和are连用；I和am连用；而任何两个人称代词并列作主语时，都表达复数含义，与are连用。
◆ He and I are students.他和我是学生。
二、可数名词的变化：
①一般情况下在词尾加-s。pen→pens,friend→friends
②以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加-es。watch→watches,bus→buses
③以结尾的词加-s或-es。photo→photos,tomato→tomatoes
④以辅音字母y加结尾的词，变y为i，再加-es。family→families
⑤以f或fe结尾的词，变f或fe为v,再加-es。knife→knives
三、连系动词be及其缩略形式：
I’m=I am that’s =that is who’re=who are who’s =who is they’re= they are
isn’t=is not aren’t=are not
注意：（1）am not 一般不缩写 I am not a student.
（2）在一般疑问句的肯定回答中，连系动词be一般不与主语缩写。
◆—Are you a teacher?—Yes,I am.你是一名老师吗？是的，我是。
人称代词主语
肯定
否定
疑问
I
I am...
I am not...
Am I...?
he/she/it
He /She/It is...
He /She/It isn’t...
Is he/she/it...?
they/we/you
They/We/You are...
They/We/You aren’t...
Are they/we/you...?
含有be动词的一般现在时的一般疑问句，把be动词提前，其他语序不变；否定句则直接在be后加not


知识能力提升
一、单项选择(15分)
1．(1分)This is a photo. Look! ____ my brother and sister, Paul and Mary.
     A.This is      B.That is      C.These are      D.It is
2．(1分)—I feel a little hungry, Mom.
—There are some pieces of bread on the plate. You can take ____.
     A.one      B.it      C.this      D.that
3．(1分)Are those your ____?
     A.a picture      B.photoes      C.photos      D.picture
4．(1分)—Is this your brother in the photo?
—____.
     A.Yes, he is      B.Yes, she is      C.Yes, it is      D.Yes, that is
5．(1分)—Are these your cousins?
—____. They are my brothers.
     A.Yes, these are      B.No, these aren't
     C.Yes, they are      D.No, they aren't
6．(1分)Tom and I ____ brothers.
     A.am      B.is      C.are      D.be
7．(1分)Thanks ____ the photo ____ your family.
     A.of; of      B.for; for      C.for, of
8．(1分)My father has a ____, so I have an ____.
     A.sister; uncle      B.brother; uncle
     C.sister; brother      D.brother; aunt
9．(1分)—Is this your sister?
—____
     A.Yes, she isn't.      B.Yes, he is.
     C.Yes, it is.      D.Yes, this is.
10．(1分)Bob, can you see the boys over there? ____ are my cousins. Let's go and say hello to them.
     A.This      B.Those      C.That      D.These
11．(1分)____ are my two brothers. And ____ is my sister.
     A.This; this      B.That; those      C.These; that      D.Those; these
12．(1分)—See that boy? He's new at school. What's his name?
—____.
—OK. Let's go and ask him.
     A.His name is Jack      B.Wait a minute
     C.That's OK      D.I have no idea
13．(1分)____ sister is twelve, and ____ is a student.
     A.His; she      B.Her; my      C.They; she      D.My; these
14．(1分)This is my little sister. ____ name is Jenny. We all like ____.
     A.She; she      B.Her; her      C.She; her      D.Her; she
15．(1分)I have ____ 18-year-old brother named Tom.
     A.a      B.an      C.the      D./

二、完形填空(10分)
16．(10分)     I'm Tom. I have some   1  . Look at the first photo. This is a photo of a girl.   2   girl is my sister. Her name is Mary Green. Green is her   3   name. Her favorite   4   is white. Look, this is her   5   dog. Who is the boy in the   6   photo? Oh, he is my   7  , my aunt's son. He is 13 years old. Here   8   my uncle. He is my mother's brother. Are these my parents? Yes,   9   are. My mother is Alice and my   10   is Eric. They are teachers. They work in a middle school. Do you like my family photos?
      (1)A.photos B.phones C.maps
      (2)A.A B.An C.The
      (3)A.family B.first C.middle
      (4)A.girl B.friend C.color
      (5)A.green B.white C.red
      (6)A.first B.next C.two
      (7)A.brother B.uncle C.cousin
      (8)A.is B.are C.am
      (9)A.he B.them C.they
      (10)A.brother B.grandfather C.father
三、阅读理解(10分)
17．(5分)     Look! This is a photo of my family. My name is Bob. I am 13 years old now. My father is David Smith. He is a teacher. He is thirty-two years old now. This is my mother. Her name is Victoria. I have a brother. But he is not in this photo. He is only 1 year old. His name is Bill. We are very happy.
(1)My name is ____.
          A.Bob Smith           B.David Smith           C.Bill Smith           D.Bob White
(2)What's Bob's father's first name?
          A.Smith.           B.David.           C.Bob.           D.Bill.
(3)Who is Bob's mother?
          A.Bill.           B.David.           C.Mary.           D.Victoria.
(4)Is my brother in the photo?
          A.Yes, he is.           B.No, he isn't.
          C.He's Bill.           D.He is only 1 year old.
(5)My family has ____ people (人).
          A.3           B.4
          C.5           D.I don't know
18．(5分)     Look at the picture. It's a picture of an English family. The man in black is Mr. White. His first name is John. He is a teacher. He teaches English in a middle school in China. You can see Mrs. White, too. She is Dora White. She is from America. She is a doctor. Mr. and Mrs. White have one son and one daughter, Tom and Mary. Tom is ten and Mary is six. They have a cousin, Jack. He is their uncle Mike's son. He is 13 years old. He is a student in a middle school in China, too. He likes China and Chinese food.
(1)Mr. White's first name is ____.
          A.Jack           B.Mike           C.John
(2)Dora White is ____ mother.
          A.Jack's           B.Tom's           C.Mike's
(3)Jack has ____ cousins.
          A.one           B.two           C.three
(4)Mike is ____.
          A.Jack's father          B.Tom's father   C.John's father
(5)Which is Right (正确的)?
          A.Mike is in China.           B.Mary is in a middle school.
          C.Mrs. White isn't teacher.
四、任务型阅读(5分)
19．(5分)根据短文回答。
     My name is Eric. Here is a picture of my family. These are my grandparents. My grandpa's name is John, and Sally is my grandma. They have two sons, David and Paul. David is my father, and Paul is my uncle. This is my mother. Her name is Cindy. This is my aunt, my uncle's wife (妻子). Her name is Anna. Is the girl my sister? No, she isn't. She's my cousin. She's my uncle's daughter. Her name is Gina. I am next to (紧挨着) Gina.
(1)Is David Eric's father?
(2)Who's Eric's cousin?
(3)How many people (多少人) are in the picture?
五、七选五(5分)
20．(5分)A: Hi, Jiang Tao! What's in your hand?
B:   1   This is my aunt.
A:   2  
B: He's my uncle.
A:   3  
B: Yes, she's my cousin, Jiang Shan.   4  
A: Who are they?
B:   5  
     A.Yes?
     B.They're my grandpa and grandma
     C.And these are her friends
     D.Who's he?
     E.It's a photo of my family.
     F.Who's she?
     G.And is she your cousin?
六、填空题(10分)
21．(5分)用所给单词的正确形式填空。
(1)What        (be) your father's name?
(2)This is        (she) brother.
(3)       (my) am in China now.
(4)Here are three nice        (photo) of my family.
(5)This is a book and        (this) are pens.
22．(5分)句型转换。
(1)My first name is Jenny. My last name is Smith. (合并成为一句)
My name is              .
(2)Her last name is Brown. (对画线部分提问)
                       name?
(3)My new teacher is Bill. (改为一般疑问句)
              new teacher Bill?
(4)The quilt is blue and black. (对画线部分提问)
              is the quilt?
(5)His phone number is 85936738. (对画线部分提问)
            his phone number?
(6)I am Jack. (改为同义句)
                     Jack.
(7)Are you Mary? (作肯定回答)
Yes,              .
(8)She is my friend. (改为否定句)
She               my friend.
(9)Grace is fine. (对画线部分提问)
              Grace?
七、书面表达(15分)
23．(15分)       假设你是 Tom Miller，今年12岁，是一名学生。请根据下面表格提示，介绍你和你的家人。
 
Name
Age (年龄)
Job (职业)
Father
John Miller
40
Doctor (医生)
Mother
Anna Miller
38
Teacher
sister
Kate Miller
15
Student (学生)