初二英语上册（秋季班）讲义 第2讲 Unit 2 How often do you exercise？ 拔尖版

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第二讲 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?拔尖版
单元目标总览：
单元话题
课余活动（Free time activities）
重点单词
1、housework家务劳动 2、hardly几乎不；简直不；刚刚
3、ever曾经；在任何时候 4、hardly ever很少；几乎从不；
5、once一次；曾经 6、twice两倍；两次
7、Internet因特网 8、program节目；程序；课程；
9、full满的；充满的；完全的 10、swing摇摆；秋千v.摇摆；旋转
11、swing dance摇摆舞 12、maybe或许；也许；可能
13、least最小的；最少的 14、at least至少
15、junk n.垃圾；废旧杂物 16、coffee咖啡；咖啡色
17、health健康；人的身体或精神状态 18、result结果；后果
19、percent 百分之...的 20、online在线的adv.在线地
21、television电视机；电视节目 22、although虽然；尽管；然而；
23、through穿过；凭借；一直到 24、body身体
25、mind头脑；想法；意见；心思 26、such这样的；如此的
27、together共同；一起 28、die死；枯竭；消失
29、writer作者；作家 30、dentist牙科医生
31、magazine杂志 32、however然而；无论如何；
33、than 比 34、almost 几乎；差不多
35、none没有人；没有任何东西；毫无 36、less更少的；较少的
37、point看法;要点;小数点;目标;分数 38、such as例如；诸如
39、junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品 40、more than超过；多于；不仅仅；
41、less than不到；少于

常用短语
1、hardly ever 几乎从不
2、swing dance 摇摆舞
3、at least 至少；不少于
4、junk food 垃圾食品
5、such as 像···这样
6、more than 多于
7、less than 少于
8、on weekends 周末
9、go shopping 去购物
10、once a week 一周一次
11、how often 多久一次
12、twice a week 一周两次
13、go to the movies 去看电影
14、use the Internet 使用因特网
15、stay up late 熬夜
16、be free 有空
17、go to bed early早点睡觉
18、help with housework 帮忙做家务
重点句型
1、What do you usually do on weekends?——你周末一般做什么
I often go to the movies.——我一般去电影院
2、How often do you watch TV?——你多久看一次电视？
Twice a week——一周两次
3、What’s your favourite program?——你最喜欢什么节目？
Animal World.——动物世界
4、Here are the results.——以下是结果
5、Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular.——虽然很多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最流行的
核心语法
频度副词（always、usually、often、sometimes、hardly ever、never等）

Section A 考点知识梳理
1、what do you usually do on weekends?你周末通常做什么？
on weekends意为“每逢周末;在周末”。而on the weekend则表示“在周末;在这个周末”，特指在某个周末。
◆Jack will visit his sister on the weekend.
杰克这个周末将去看望他的姐姐。(表示特指)
拓展：on weekdays意为“在工作日”。
◆I’m busy on weekdays. May I see you on weekends?
我工作日很忙，可以每逢周末与你见面吗？
2、help with housework帮着做家务
(1)help (sb.) with sth意为“帮助(某人)做某事，相当于help (sb.
to) do sth.
◆Can you help me with my Chinese? =Can you help me (to) learn Chinese?你可以帮我学语文吗？
（2）housework不可数名词，意为“家务劳动；家务事”。常见的词组为do(the) housework “做家务”。
◆We should help our parents do (the) housework.
我们应该帮助父母做家务。
拓展：homework不可数名词，意为“家庭作业”。do the homework“做家庭作业”。
3、sometimes 有时
Sometimes副词，意为有时，相当于at times
◆I sometimes play basketball on weekends.
有时候我周末打篮球。
拓展：sometime，意为某时，表示不确定或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时
some times,名词短语，几倍，几次。
some time,名词短语，一段时间。
4、hardly ever几乎从不
hardly ever意为“几乎从不”ever起强调作用。Hardly副
词，意为“几乎不，几乎没有”，表示否定意义，通常位于
系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，常与can、
could连用
◆The boy could hardly stand up at that time.
那个男孩当时几乎站不起来。
拓展：hard形容词，意为“困难的，硬的”;副词,意为“努力的，猛烈的”
◆I work hard,but I can’t finish the hard work.
我努力工作，但还是没能完成这项艰巨的工作。
5、How often do you watch TV?——你多久看一次电视？
Twice a week——一周两次
how often用来询问动作发生的频率，即动作多长时间发生一次，回答可以用once/twice/four times a day/sometimes/never等。
拓展：how long多长时间。how soon还要多久。how many times多少次，用于询问次数。
6、Hi,Claire,are you free next week?嗨，克莱尔，你下周有空吗？
free形容词，意为“空闲的”。be free相当于have time.
◆Is Lucy free now?=Does Lucy have time now?
露丝现在有空吗
拓展：free用作形容词，还表示“自由的，免费的”。
◆You are free to make your own decision.
你可以自由做决定。
7、I go to movies maybe once a month.我大概每月去看一次
电影。
maybe副词意为“大概，也许，可能”，相当于perhaps。 在
句中做状语。may be 意为可能是，在句中做谓语，只用在
句中。
◆Maybe Liming will stay here for two weeks.
或许李明将在这里呆两周
◆Tom may be at home.汤姆有可能在家。
8、He plays at least twice a week.他每周至少踢两次足球。
least意为“最小的，最少的，最小，最少”，是little
的最高级。表示“最小的；最少的”时，其后接不可数名词。
◆He has the least money of us all.在我们当中他最没
钱。
◆I think the old man is at least eighty years old.
我认为这个老人至少八十岁了。
拓展：at most意为“至多；不超过”。
◆It will take two hours at most to get there.
最多花两小时便可到达那里。


SectionB 考点知识梳理
1、She says it’s good for my health.她说牛奶对我的健康有好处.
(1)be good for意为“对 ….有好处”,反义词be bad for意为“对 ….有坏处”
◆Milk is good for your health.牛奶对你健康有好处。
◆Eating too much meat is bad for your health.吃太多肉对你的健康有害。
拓展：be good at擅长做某事
be good to 对….好
be good with 与…相处的好；善于应付..
◆She is good with all the kids.她和所有的孩子都处的非常好
2、Here are the results.以下是结果。
本句是以here开头的完全倒装句。主语为the results,谓语为are。
完全倒装句中谓语动词要放到主语之前。
◆Here comes my girl friend.我的女朋友来了。
3、We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.我们发现只有15%的学生每天都锻炼。
本句为主从复合句，句子主干：We found+that从句。find后除可接宾语从句外，还常接复合宾语。
(1)find+宾语+名词
◆We found him a sunny boy.我们发现他是一个很阳光的男孩。
(2)find+宾语+形容词
◆I found the chicken very delicious.我发现这鸡肉非常美味。
(3)find+宾语+动词ing形式
◆The girl found her brother playing games outside.
女孩发现她哥哥正在外面做游戏。
拓展：“数词+percent of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数要和of后面的名词保持一致。
◆Sixty percent of the boys in our class like PE.
我们班60%的男生喜欢体育。
4、And twenty percent do not exercise at all.还有20%的学生一点儿也不锻炼。
not(…)at all意为“一点也不，根本不”。
◆I don’t know about it at all.对它我一点也不知道。
拓展：Not at all还意为“不客气”相当于“you are welcome”.
5、Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular.
虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。
although连词，意为“虽然、尽管；即使”，引导让步状语从句，相当于 though,两者在大多数情况下可以通用。
◆Although/Though we are poor, we are still happy.
我们虽然穷，但仍然很快乐。
拓展：although/though与but不可用于同一个句子中。
◆Although I got up with a headache this morning， I went to work as usual .
◆同义句：I got up with a headache this morning，but I went to work as usual.
尽管今天早上起来头疼，我还是照常去上班。
6、Exercise such as playing sports is fun, and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together.
像进行体育运动这样的锻炼是有趣的，当你和朋友、家人一起运动的时候，你可以和他们共度时光。
（l）such as意为“例如:像……这样”，相当于like,用于举例。
◆I know many of them, such as John and Kate.
我认识他们当中的很多人，例如约翰和凯特。
（2）spend time with ...意为“和 …一起度过/消磨时间”。
◆I often spend time with my best friends.
我常和最好的朋友共度时光。
拓展：spend:主语人+spend+时间/金钱+onsth/doing sth.
cost:主语物+cost+金钱
pay:主语人+pay+forsth或者主语人+pay+金钱+forsth.
take:it takes sb+时间+to do sth.
7、And remember, “Old habits die hard.” 还有，记住，“旧习难改。”
（1）Old habits die hard.”是英语中的一句谚语，多用来形容人们的习惯、 观点或固有观念等一时难以改变。
（2）die动词,意为“消失;灭亡:死亡”。是非延续性动词，不能和时间段连用，过去式为died,现在分词为dying,dying还可用作形容词，意为“垂死的.临终的'
◆He died three years ago.三年前他死了。
◆ The poor deer is dying.这只可怜的鹿快要死了。
拓展：dead是die的形容词形式，意为“死的”。
death是die的名词形式，意为“死;死亡”。
◆He is not afraid of death.他不怕死。
8、Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States.简是一名十六岁的美国高中生。
16-year-old意为“十六岁的”，它是由“数词十名词+形容词构成的复合形容词，中间用连字符连接,其中名词要用单数形式。
◆Lucy, a ten-year-old girl, won the prize.
十岁女孩露西获得了这个奖项。
◆This is a ten-meter-long ladder.
这是一架十米长的梯子。
9 、She usually watches TV for more than two hours a day.
她通常每天看电视超过两个小时。
more than意为“多于;超过”，其后常接表示数量的词，相当于over
◆There are more than fifty students in the classroom.
教室里有五十多名学生。
10、none.一点也不看。
none不定代词,意为“没有一个;毫无”,既可指人也可指物.
◆None of us enjoy staying up late.我们没有人喜欢熬夜。
◆None of the money on the table is mine.桌子上的钱没有一分是我的。
拓展：（1）none: 可指人或物,其后常与of连用,作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式,常用于回答how many/much引导的 特殊疑问句或含有“any+名词”的一般疑问句。
（2）no one: 只能指人,其后不能与of连用,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式，常用于回答who引导的特殊疑问句或含有anyone、anybody的一般疑问句


知识能力提升训练
一、单项选择(15分)
1．(1分)—I can't find my CDs.
—____ you put them in that bag.
     A.Must      B.May be      C.Maybe      D.May
2．(1分)It is really cool to realize your dream ____ great effort.
     A.through      B.from      C.for      D.about
3．(1分)—____ times did you go climbing last two months?
—Only once.
     A.How long      B.How soon      C.How many      D.How often
4．(1分)—____ did you go to Beijing?
—I went there only once.
     A.When      B.How often      C.How many times      D.How much
5．(1分)We often take ____and we do morning ____ every day.
     A.exercise; exercises      B.exercises; exercises
     C.exercise; exercise      D.exercises; exercise
6．(1分)—Do you like your friends?
—Yes. One of my friends often ____ me ____ my homework in class.
     A.help; with      B.help; to do      C.helps; doing      D.helps; with
7．(1分)—Did you win the match last night?
—Not really. ____ we all did our best, we lost it at last.
     A.Though      B.If      C.Unless      D.Because
8．(1分)Father ____ goes to the gym with me although he dislikes going there.
     A.never      B.hardly      C.seldom      D.sometimes
9．(1分)Mike with Xiao Yu ____ going home now, but Tom and Xiao Ming ____ to work for two more hours.
     A.is; have      B.am; have      C.are; has
10．(1分)—Don't be angry with your kid when he does something wrong again, will you?
—No, I won't. I know that ____ of us are perfect after all.
     A.each      B.neither      C.none      D.all
11．(1分)—____ does your grandfather ____ reading newspapers?
—About an hour every day.
     A.How long; spend      B.How long; cost
     C.How often; spend      D.How often; take
12．(1分)He studies ____ at Japanese, but he can still ____ speak it.
     A.hard; hard      B.hardly; hard      C.hard; hardly      D.hardly; hardly
13．(1分)The ____ boy can't find his father.
     A.sixteen years old      B.sixteen-year-old
     C.sixteen-year-olds      D.sixteen-years-old
14．(1分)It's very friendly ____ him to help me when I'm in trouble.
     A.of      B.with      C.to      D.in
15．(1分)I am used to going to bed early, but I have to stay up late        .
     A.at all times      B.at times      C.on time      D.in time

二、完形填空(10分)
16．(10分)     In some parts of China, school children have to cook for themselves. But now,   1   the help of donations (捐赠), this becomes a history forever.
     At the donation ceremony (仪式) in southwest China's Lishan Primary School in Yunnan province, kids got together at playground to receive   2   new to them—a kitchen system (系统). Gu Dongjun was the donor (捐赠) of the new system. She wanted the children to grow up   3  . "I hope the kids can eat clean and hot food," she said.
     Lishan Primary School has more than 500 students. Half of them live at school, and have to cook for   4   in the open air. They have been picturing (想象) their dream kitchen   5   they knew they would no longer have to   6   outside.
     It was not just Lishan Primary School getting a new kitchen. Another 12 schools in Yunnan province   7   got new kitchens. Zhou Faming is the headmaster of Panlong Primary School. He said the new system really   8   improve the quality (质量) of food. China Youth Development Foundation (中国青少年发展基金会) shared a   9   activity these days to support (支持) 100 schools every year in poor   10  .      And so far 20 schools have already received the new kitchen system.
      (1)A.for B.about C.to D.with
      (2)A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything
      (3)A.quickly B.healthily C.hungrily D.happily
      (4)A.their B.them C.themselves D.they
      (5)A.since B.until C.before D.but
      (6)A.play B.stay C.cook D.study
      (7)A.also B.too C.even D.still
      (8)A.wanted B.hoped C.helped D.expected
      (9)A.useless B.terrible C.meaningful D.different
      (10)A.countries B.schools C.places D.cities

三、阅读理解(10分)
17．(5分)     Fred Astaire was born in Nebraska in 1899. Fred and his sister, Adele, learned to dance when they were very young. Their mother took them to New York to study dance. They performed in their first professional（专业的） show when Fred was ten years old and Adele was twelve. Later, as teenagers, the two danced in many shows throughout the United States. Their first big success was on Broadway in 1917.
     The Astaires -- as they were known -- quickly became Broadway stars. During the nineteen twenties, they sang and danced in eleven different shows. They also performed in England. In 1932, Adele Astaire married a British man, and stopped performing. But Fred did not forego his dream. He would go on alone, in the movies.
     Fred Astaire had the best skill among all dancers in history. He danced up walls and on the ceiling in the film Royal Wedding. He danced on rooftops in The Belle of New York. He danced on roller skates in Shall We Dance?
     Fred Astaire made all this look easy. But it was not. He said: "Dancing is a sweaty job. You cannot just sit down and do it. You have to get up on your feet. It takes time to get a dance right, to create something memorable. I always try to get to know my dance so well that I do not have to think.”
     In 1949, Fred Astaire won a special award for his film work from America's Motion Picture Academy. He also won awards from the television industry for a number of his television programs.
Fred stopped dancing in 1970. He was more than seventy years old at the time. He said a dancer could not continue dancing forever. He said he did not want to disappoint（使失望） anyone, even himself. He danced again in public only once after that. It was with another great male dancer, Gene Kelly, in the movie "That's Entertainment, Part Two".
     Fred Astaire and his first wife, Phyllis, had three children. Phyllis died in 1954. Twenty-five years later, Fred married race horse rider Robyn Smith. Fred Astaire died on June 22, 1987. He was eighty-eight years old. He was called the greatest dancer in the world. His dancing was called perfect. And moviegoers everywhere will remember him as a great performer whose work will live forever in his films.
(1)The first paragraph is mainly about____.
          A.Fred Astaire's first success           B.Fred Astaire's education
          C.Fred Astaire's early life           D.Fred Astaire's family
(2)What does the underlined word“ forego”in Paragraph 2 mean?
          A.Get over           B.Set up           C.Go ahead           D.Go ahead
(3)What Fred Astaire said in Paragraph4 shows that ____.
          A.he knew his dance was wonderful
          B.he thought dancing was not difficult
          C.he devoted much time and effort to dance
          D.he had ways to make people remember him
(4)What is the correct time order of the following events?
a .Fred Astaire's first wife died.
b .Fred's sister Adele stopped performing.
c .Fred Astaire performed with Gene Kelly in a movie.
d .Fred Astaire won an award from America's Motion Picture Academy.
          A.abcd           B.bdac           C.dcba           D.cbad
18．(5分)     All the people know that exercise is important. We all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. Children who often exercise are more alert (灵活的). It is healthy for the mind and the body. This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who don't exercise.
     There are many ways go exercise. You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games. Make sure you exercise in the following ways:
     1. You have to like what you're doing.
     2. Exercise enough, but not too much. It's best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough.
     3. Try all kinds of things until you find one, two or even three sports right for you.
     Lots of people choose to exercise at fitness centers (健身中心). Why? Because there are a lot of sports equipment (器材 ) there. The equipment will help exercise your arms, legs and other parts of your body to make you healthy. Some people buy sports equipment for their homes. But it is very expensive.
    Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center, or they can play sports together outside. How do you exercise?
(1)In the passage, the write tells us that we all need to ____.
          A.drink           B.sleep           C.exercise           D.have mind
(2)Which of the following sports is NOT mentioned（提到）in the passage?
          A.Fishing.           B.Running.           C.Swimming.           D.Walking.
(3)It's best to exercise ____ a week and ____ each time.
          A.once; thirty minutes           B.two times; an hour
          C.twice; half an hour           D.once; an hour
(4)What does the underlined word “right” here mean in Chinese?
          A.右边的           B.适合的           C.正确的           D.左边的
(5)According to the passage, why do many people go to fitness centers to keep healthy?
          A.Because they have much free time.
          B.Because they think they can't keep healthy at home.
          C.Because there are different kinds of sports equipment at fitness centers.
          D.Because they are rich.

四、任务型阅读(10分)
19．(5分)根据短文内容回答下列问题。
     More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that's why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost!
     Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit (受益) from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don't even have to ride all the way.
     Folding (折叠) bikes work well for people who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can take a common bike with you when you fly, too. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.
     Health benefit of Bicycling:
1. It helps to prevent heart diseases.
2. Bicycling helps to control your weight.
3. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year.
4. Bicycling can improve (改善) your mood. Exercises like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident.
5. Bicycling is healthier than driving.
(1)Why are there more bicycles than cars on roads in the world now?
(2)Is it possible to ride a bicycle when we have to take a train?
(3)How can you get information if you want to take a common bike on the plane?
(4)How do you feel if you take exercises like bicycling?
(5)What do you think of going to school by bike? Why?
20．(5分)     Scientists say there are seven kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kind; (2) citrus (柑橘类) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made of milk, like cheese and ice-cream; (6) bread or cereal (谷类), rice is also in this kind of foods; (7) butter, or something like butter, with fat (脂肪).
     People in different countries in the world eat different kinds of things. They also eat in different kinds the day. In some place people eat once or twice a day; in other countries, people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that these differences are not important. It doesn't matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o'clock in the afternoon or at eleven o'clock at night. The important thing is that every day a person must eat something from each of the seven kind of food. The most important thing is that we must find some way to help the hungry people and make the people have right kinds of food, make them strong and healthy.
(1)完成信息
It's important that                                                  .
(2)判断正误
In different countries people eat the same kinds of food.
(3)判断正误
People should eat chicken every day.
(4)划线部分译成中文
strong
(5)In different countries people ____.
          A.eat the same kinds of food
          B.cook their food in the same way
          C.eat different kinds of food
          D.eat the food in the same way

五、七选五(10分)
21．(5分)     Charlie enjoys playing basketball and he plays it well. He wants to join in a match on weekends.   1  
     Anna likes to watch ball games with many other people. But she has no money to buy tickets for the games.   2  
     Tommy is good at playing tennis. He wants to play it with his friends at the school sports hall.   3  
     Mona likes swimming very much. She hopes to go swimming with her parents on weekends.   4  
     Robert hurt his legs and he can't go out these days. So he wants to know something about sports on radio.   5  
     A.There will be a basketball match this Saturday. The tickets are on sale now. You can buy them online. The match starts at 2:30 on Saturday afternoon.
     B.Our swimming pool is open from Tuesday to Sunday. On Mondays, we close the pool for cleaning.
     C.There will be a volleyball match on TV this evening. Come and enjoy it with us in our volleyball club. It's free for all.
     D.There will be a basketball match this Saturday. If you are good at basketball welcome to join in the match. It will start at 3:00 p.m.
     E.The school sports hall is open from Monday to Friday. Students can play many kinds of sports here, such as basketball, volleyball and tennis.
     F.Sportsmen is a radio program about sports stars and matches. You can get the latest (最新的) news about famous sports stars from it.
22．(5分)Hi Grace,
     How's it going? Sorry I haven't emailed for a while, but I had so much to do!
     I had told you about my decision to take up a sport. I knew I wasn't fit and I wanted to get some exercise. But that wasn't the only reason that I decided to do a sport. Students who play sports do better at school.   1   Exercise also helps learning and memory (记忆).
       2   First, I tried soccer. I had played a bit of soccer before and I thought it wouldn't be too bad. I knew I couldn't last for very long without feeling tired. On the first day, I was able to nm for the first ten minutes, but then I was so tired that I couldn't even kick the ball!
     Then, I tried volleyball.   3   I was able to nm for the first twenty minutes and I wasn't the slowest runner in the team! After a few weeks, I could run faster and longer. I was doing better and feeling better.   4   Maybe I'm not a team sport person after all!
     Finally, I tried kung fu (功夫). It's a great sport that exercises the body and the mind. You learn to follow instructions carefully and do what you are asked to do. This is the fight sport for me!   5   I feel so confident that I even showed some moves to the class last week! Can you believe it?
     I hope you're OK! Write and let me know what you've been doing!
     Bye for now!
Kristie
     A.I got very excited about soccer.
     B.But I couldn't decide on a sport.
     C.Running helps me to keep fit.
     D.Things were a bit better this time.
     E.Then I found volleyball terribly boring.
     F.They are more confident and less stressed.
     G.I practice twice a week and I haven't missed a class.

六、填空题(20分)
23．(10分)完成句子。
(1)爱丽丝来自德国，她在一间初级中学教德语。
Alice is from       . She teaches        in a                     .
(2)乔治是一个活跃的学生，他参加了许多课外活动。
George is an active boy at school, and he                       many after-school activities.
(3)每年中秋节的晚上我们都过得很愉快。
We have                      every Mid-autumn Festival evening.
(4)我爷爷每天六点起床，然后进行晨练。
My grandfather gets up at 6 every day. And then he                      .
(5)我父母每周去探视我奶奶一到两次。
My parents usually go to visit my grandma                                   .
24．(10分)按要求完成句子（每空一词）
(1)Mary is sixteen years old. (改为同义句)
Mary is                    girl.
(2)Would you like to come? (改为同义句）
       you        to come?
(3)She usually watches TV for over two hours a day. (改为同义句)
She usually watches TV for               two hours a day.
(4)Exercise can help us keep healthy. (改为同义句)
Exercise can help us keep                     .
(5)The boy eats junk food three times a week. (对画线部分提问)
              does the boy eat junk food?
(6)We visit my grandpa four or five times a month. (对画线部分提问)
              times do you visit your grandpa a month?
(7)He showed me a photo by using the Internet. (对画线部分提问)
              he show you a photo?
(8)Although he is a little boy, he is so tall. (改为同义句)
He is a little boy,        he is so tall.
(9)To read books is good for us. (改为同义句)
              good for us        read books.
(10)It took me five minutes to clean my bedroom. (改为同义句)
I        five minutes         my bedroom.

七、书面表达(15分)
25．(15分)     体育运动是中学生的共同爱好。请你根据下列提示写一篇题为 What We Get from Sports 的短文，短文应包含以下要点：
①学生参加体育运动的兴趣不同，理由各异。多数学生学习疲倦时，通过运动来放松自己。
②男孩们参加各项体育活动，希望运动能使自己更强壮。女孩们也喜欢运动，希望运动能帮助自己减肥和保持苗条。
③你对运动的观点。
注意：
①文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校名称。
②短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。词数：80左右，不可逐字翻译。
③参考词语：lose weight 减肥，slim 苗条的
What We Get from Sports
     Students in our school have one thing in common—an interest in sports. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
知识能力提升训练答案
一、单项选择
1． 【答案】C
【解析】考查副词。句意：——我找不到我的光盘了。——也许你把它们放进那个袋子里了。
must 和 may 是情态动词，后面接动词原形，如果用于句首，则为一般疑问句。因该句为陈述句，故排除A和D项；may be 可能是，是“情态动词+动词原形 be”结构，在句中作谓语，故排除B项；maybe 也许，为副词，在句中作状语，表示推测，常位于句首。根据语境，可知选C。
2． 【答案】A
【解析】考查介词。句意：通过艰苦努力实现梦想是很酷的。
through 表示通过某种手段或方式；through great effort 经过艰苦努力；to realize your dream 为了实现梦想就要经过艰苦努力。根据语境，可知选A。
3． 【答案】C
【解析】考查疑问词词组。句意：——上两个月你爬了几次山？——就一次。
how long 多长时间；how often 多久一次；how many 多少；how soon 多快/多久以后；根据答语中的 once 可知表示频率，根据空格后面的 times 可知此处用 how many 提问。故选C。
4． 【答案】C
【解析】考查疑问词。句意：——你去过北京几次？——我只去过一次。
When 何时；How often 多久一次；How many times 几次，多少次；How much 多少，后面接不可数名词。根据答语 once 可知此处问次数，应用 how many times；注意 how often 不符合语境，如果是 once a year 等这样的频率短语就可以用 how often 提问。故选C。
5． 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词的分类。句意：我们经常做运动，并且我们每天做早操。
exercise 锻炼、运动，不可数名词，take/do exercise 做运动；当表示某种操时，经常用复数形式，morning/eye exercises 早操/眼保健操。故选A。
6． 【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：——你喜欢你的朋友们吗？——是的，我的一个朋友经常帮我做作业。
根据 one of my friends 可知主语是第三人称单数，谓语应用单三形式；help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人，是固定搭配。故选D。
7． 【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意：——昨天你赢了比赛吗？——没有。尽管我们都尽力了，但是我们输了。
Though 尽管；If 如果；Unless 除非；Because 因为。根据题干中的 did our best 和 lost 可知句子前后存在转折关系，用 though 符合语境。故选A。
8． 【答案】D
【解析】考查频率副词。句意：爸爸有时会陪我去体育馆，尽管他不喜欢去。
never 从未；hardly 几乎不；seldom 几乎不；sometimes 有时；根据句意及 although 引导的状语从句判断，空格处应用肯定含义的副词。故选D。
9． 【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：麦克和小雨现在要回家，但是汤姆和小明还得工作两小时。
当 with 连接两个主语时，主谓一致采用就远原则，故第一空的真正主语是Mike，谓语用 is；第二空的主语是 and 连接的两个人，是复数，故谓语也用复数。故选A。
10． 【答案】C
【解析】考查不定代词。句意：——当你的孩子再犯错误的时候你不要生气，好吗？——好的，我不会了。我知道毕竟我们没有人是完美的。
each 每一个；neither 两者中任何一个都不；none 三者或者三者以上中任何一个都不；all 所有，全部。根据句意，可知选C。
11． 【答案】A
【解析】考查词义及动词辨析。句意：——你祖父看报纸看多久？——每天大约一小时。
根据答语中的 about an hour 表示时间段，可知应用 how long 提问；根据第二空后面的 reading 可知应用 spend。故选A。
12． 【答案】C
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：他很用功地学习日语，但是他仍旧几乎不会说日语。
hard 努力；hardly 几乎不；根据语境可知选C。
13． 【答案】B
【解析】考查构词法。句意：这个十六岁的男孩找不到他的爸爸了。
“数词-名词-形容词” 形式的复合形容词作定语时其中的名词用单数形式。

14． 【答案】A
【解析】句意：当我处于困境时，他来帮助我真是太友好了。
考查固定句式。在句式 "It is+adj.+of/for sb.+to do sth." 中，当形容词表示人的品质时，用介词 of；当形容词表示事物的特征时，用介词 for。句中 friendly 意为“友好的”，表示人的品质，故选A。
15． 【答案】B
【解析】A项，at all times “总是”；
B项，at times “偶尔，有时”；
C项，on time “准时”；
D项，in time “及时”。
根据语境，“我”习惯很早就去睡觉，但是偶尔必须熬夜到很晚。所以应该用 at times。其他几项均不符合语境。
故正确答案为B。

二、完形填空
16． 【答案】 (1)D (2)A (3)B (4)C (5)A
(6)C (7)A (8)C (9)C (10)C
【解析】短文讲述了在中国的一些地区，住校孩子自行解决饮食问题将永远成为历史，孩子们吃上了卫生的热饭菜。中国少年基金会最近发起了一个活动，每年资助100个贫困地区的学校解决学生在校的吃饭问题。
1. 考查介词。句意：但现在，在捐赠的帮助下，这成为一个永远的历史。with the help of 在……帮助下，固定表达。故选D。
2. 考查不定代词。句意：在中国西南部云南省立山小学的捐赠仪式上，孩子们聚集在操场上，接受一些新的东西——厨房系统。something某物、某事，表不确定事物；nothing 没有东西/事情，表否定；anything 任何东西，用于否定句、疑问句中以及 if 或 whether 条件句；everything 每件事物。根据句意语境，可知BCD三项意思都与句意不合。故选A。
3. 考查副词辨析。句意：她希望孩子们健康成长。quickly 快速地；healthily 健康地；hungrily 生气地；happily 高兴地。根据下文 "I hope the kids can eat clean and hot food," she said. 可知 healthily 符合句意。故选B。
4. 考查反身代词。句意：他们中有一半住在学校，不得不在露天做饭。cook for sb. 为某人做饭；根据句意语境，可知是“为他们自己做饭”，需用反身代词。故选C。
5. 考查连词。句意：自从知道他们不再需要在外面做饭了，他们就一直在想象他们的梦想厨房。since 自从，表时间，是从以前开始算起的时间，接时间点，多用于现在完成时；until 直到，表时间，多与 not 连用表示“直到……才”；before 在……以前，表时间，是从现在算起的时间；but 但是，表转折。根据句意语境，可知BCD三项意思都与句意不合。故选A。
6. 考查动词辨析。句意：自从知道他们不再需要在外面做饭了，他们就一直在想象他们的梦想厨房。根据上文 Half of them live at school, and have to cook for themselves in the open air. 可知 cook 符合句意。故选C。
7. 考查副词辨析。句意：云南省另外12所学校也得到了新厨房。also 也，多用于实意动词前面，居句中；too 也，用于句尾；even 甚至；still 仍然。根据句意结构和语境，可知BCD三项不合句意。故选A。
8. 考查动词辨析。句意：他说新制度确实有助于提高食品质量。wanted 想要；hoped 希望；helped 帮助；expected 期待。ABD三项意思基本一致，根据句意语境，可知不合句意。故选C。
9. 考查形容词辨析。句意：近年来，中国青年发展基金会开展了一项有意义的活动，每年在贫困地区支持100所学校。useless 无用的；terrible 可怕的；meaningful 有意义的；different 不同的。根据 to support 100 schools every year in poor places. 可知 meaningful 符合句意。故选C。
10. 考查名词辨析。句意：近年来，中国青年发展基金会开展了一项有意义的活动，每年在贫困地区支持100所学校。countries 国家；schools 学校；places 地方；cities 城市。根据短文内容，结合首句 In some parts of China, school children have to cook for themselves. 可知ABD三项意思与句意不合。故选C。

三、阅读理解
17． 【答案】 (1)C (2)D (3)C (4)B
【解析】短文大意：世界著名舞蹈家弗雷德·阿斯泰尔的一生，在一开始她和自己的姐姐一起跳舞。在自己的姐姐结婚后，自己坚持梦想，继续自己的舞蹈事业。
1.根据关键词when they were very young. when Fred was ten years old and Adele was twelve. 以及Later, as teenagers, the two danced in many shows描述，可知本段主要介绍了他们的早期生活。故选C。
2.联系前一句Adele Astaire married a British man, and stopped performing.描述，可知本句指的是弗雷德没有放弃自己的梦想。故选D。
3.根据FredAstaire所说的Dancing is a sweat job. You cannot just sit down and do it. You have to get up on your feet. It takes time to...可知他在舞蹈上花了很多时间和精力。故选C。
4.根据短文描述可知，b发生在1932年，d发生在1949年，a发生在1954年，c发生在1970年以后，故选答案B。
18． 【答案】 (1)C (2)A (3)C (4)B (5)C
【解析】1. 根据文中第一段中第二句“We all need to exercise.”可知。
2. 根据第二段中第二句“You can walk, run, swim, skate, or play ball games.”，可知只有“fishing”没有提到。
3. 根据文中“It's best to exercise twice each week. Thirty minutes each time is enough. ”可知。
4. 根据句意可知推知此处right意为“适合的”，故选B。
5. 根据倒数第二段中“Why? Because there are a lot of sports equipment（器材） there.”可知人们去健身中心锻炼是因为那儿有很多运动器材。

四、任务型阅读
19． 【答案】(1)Because it is fun, healthy and good for the environment.
(2)Yes, it is.
(3)By getting on airline websites. 或 I/We can get on airline websites.
(4)Better, more relaxed and self-confident.
(5)I think it is a good way to keep healthy and is good for the environment.
【解析】本文是以可折叠自行车为例介绍了骑自行车的好处：它很有趣，有益健康，有益于环境，几乎可以带你到任何地方，而且没有石油成本。最后总结了骑行的五大益处。
1. 根据短文第2句 It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that's why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. 可知填 Because it is fun, healthy and good for the environment.
2. 根据短文内容可知是肯定回答，故填 Yes, it is.
3. 根据第三段末尾 But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers. 可知填 By getting on airline websites. 或 I/We can get on airline websites.
4. 根据 Health benefit of Bicycling 的第4点 Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercises like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. 可知填 Better, more relaxed and self-confident.
5. 根据 Health benefit of Bicycling 的五点好处可知答案是开放性的，参考答案为 I think it is a good way to keep healthy and is good for the environment.
20． 【答案】(1)every day a person must eat something from each of the seven kind of food
(2)×        
(3)×        
(4)强壮的
(5)C
【解析】1. 由 The important thing is that every day a person must eat something from each of the seven kind of food. 可知填 every day a person must eat something from each of the seven kind of food。
2. 由 People in different countries in the world eat different kinds of things. 可知题干表述错误。
3. 由 The important thing is that every day a person must eat something from each of the seven kind of food. 可知题干表述错误。
4. 句意：使他们强壮和健康。故 strong 表示“强壮的”。
5. 由 People in different countries in the world eat different kinds of things. 可知选C。

五、七选五
21． 【答案】 (1)D (2)C (3)E (4)B (5)F
【解析】1. 从“He wants to join in a match on weekends.”可推断答案选D。
2. 从“But she has no money ”可推断答案选C，“It's free for all.”。
3. 从“The school sports hall”可推断答案选E。
4. 从“She hopes to go swimming with her parents on weekends.”可推断答案选B。
5. 从“So he wants to know something about sports on radio.”可推断答案选F。
22． 【答案】 (1)F (2)B (3)D (4)E (5)G
【解析】这篇短文主要以写信的形式讲述Kristie选择运动的原因以及经过多次尝试才找到适合自己的运动方式的过程。
1. 推理判断题。第二段主要讲述运动对学生们的优点，结合上下句可知运动不但使学生们在学校做的更好，更自信和更少压力，也会有助于学习和记忆 ，故选F。
2. 推理判断题。从下文中尝试足球、排球和功夫得知，作者不能决定哪种运动更适合自己，故选B。
3. 推理判断题。作者选足球时只能跑10分钟，换成排球能跑20分钟，情况比上次好些，故选D。
4. 推理判断题。作者练习排球好于足球，又说自己根本就不是一个团队运动员，下文又提到功夫，可知作者对排球也产生了厌烦，故选E。
5. 推理判断题。从第五段全文得知，作者不但感觉自信，还能在最后一堂课上表演动作，说明其喜欢练习功夫，一直坚持没有缺课，故选G。

六、填空题
23． 【答案】(1)Germany German junior high school
(2)takes part in
(3)a good time
(4)does morning exercises
(5)once or twice a week
【解析】1. be from 来自……，其后加国家的话用表示国家的名词，德国是 Germany，首字母要大写；德语 German；初中 junior high school。故填 Germany...German...junior high school。
2. 参加 take part in，这里是在陈述他习惯性的动作，用一般现在时，主语是 he，是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 take 也要用三单形式 takes。故填 takes part in。
3. 过得愉快 have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself，这里是三个空格，选用 have a good time。故填 a good time。
4.  做晨练 do morning exercises；这里是在陈述他习惯性的动作，用一般现在时，主语是 he，是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 do 也要用三单形式 does。故填 does morning exercises。
5. 一周一到两次 once or twice a week。
24． 【答案】(1)a sixteen-year-old        
(2)Do want
(3)more than
(4)in good health
(5)How often
(6)How many
(7)How did
(8)but
(9)It is to
(10)spent cleaning
【解析】1. 原句句意：Mary 16 岁。也可以说成：Mary 是个16岁的女孩。故填 a sixtenn-year-old。
2. would like to do sth.=want to do sth.，前者更委婉。故填 Do...want。
3. over=more than，表示超过、多于。故填 more than。
4. keep healthy=keep in good health。故填 in good health。
5. 画线内容 three times a week 表示频率，用 how often 提问。故填 How often。
6. 画线内容 four or five 表示多少，后面的 times 是复数形式，用 how many 提问。故填 How many。
7. 画线内容 by using the Internet，表示方式，用 how 提问。故填 How did。
8. 虽然……但是……用 Althoug 或 but 表示，但二者不能同时出现。Although 位于句首，but 位于句中。故填 but。
9. 不定式作主语时，可以将不定式放在句子后面，用 it 作形式主语。故填 It is...to。
10. 做某事花费某人多长时间：it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.=某人花费多长时间做某事：sb. spend+时间+doing sth.。故填 spent...cleaning。


七、书面表达
25． 【答案】
What We Get from Sports
     Students in our school have one thing in common—an interest in sports. But different students have different reasons for taking part in sports.
     Many students have sports when they feel tired after study. They just want to relax themselves and have fun. Most boys love sports. They take part in all kinds of sports in order to become stronger. They join in the sports that interest them most, such as soccer, basketball and volleyball. Girls also like sports. Some of them want to lose weight, to be slim and pretty by doing sports.
     In my opinion, no matter what reasons we have, we all can get a lot from sports.