专题02 语法知识梳理及练习-2022-2023学年七年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津版）

七年级下册Unit1-Unit4期中复习语法梳理 【知识梳理】一般将来时一、基本结构一般将来时有两种结构:be going to do/will doWe will have a pienic in the park this weekend-We are going to have a picnic in the park this weekend.如果主语是第一人称，句子是表示征求别人意见的一般疑问句时，用shall，will用于第二人称you，而begoingto则不能表示征求别人的意见。例如:Shall we go elimbing tomorrow?我们明天去爬山好吗?Will you go shopping with me soon?过会你要不要和我一起去逛街呀? (1)用will构成的将来时，表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称“will”用于所有人称。如:Iwillgraduatefromthisschoolsoon(我很快就要从这所中学毕业了Youwill stay alone afterIleave(我走了之后你就要一个人过了)(2)“am/is/aregoingto+动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情，或者主观判断即将要发生的事情而“am/is/areto+动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。如:Aman told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby(有一个人告诉他们那个妇女就会生下那个特别的男孩)It’s going to rain soon(天快要下雨了) 二、用法详解1)将来要发生的动作。We will have a writing competition next SundayMy mother will buy a coat for me.2)将来一段时间内的状态。I will work in the shop during this summer holiday3)一般将来时的时间标志有:tomorrowsoon,this eveningtonightthis weekend, in two days.in 2020, next week等。 常用的时间状语A.由tomorrow组成的，B.如:tomorrowmoming/evening明天早晨、晚上 the day after tomorrow后天B.由next组成的，如:nextTuesday/Sunday下周二/日C.由this组成的，如:thisaftemoon/evening今天下午/晚上D.由coming组成的，如:thecomingSunday下个星期天这些表时间的单词或短语的前面都不能加介词E由in组成的，如:intwohours在2小时内，inafewdays在几天内in the future 在未来I will finish my work in two days.We will take part in Mary’s birthday party tonight三、句式变化1)一般将来时的否定句:在be动词或者will后面直接加not.He won’t go out because it is raining.He isn't going to play the piano this evening. 2)一般将来时的一般疑问句:直接将be动词或will提前放到句首。Will you have a test next week?Are you going to join us? 3)一般将来时的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词开头，后面加一般疑问句。When will you finish your homework? 四、特殊注意点1)主将从现:if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来动作，主句用将来时If you work hard, you will get better grades.If you eat too much, you will become fat.2)现在进行时表将来:如果该动作时计划安排好了的，且动词是come.go,arrive,leave,end. start.end等表示动向的动词时，可用现在进行时表将来。Christmas is comingMr. Smith is leaving for Beijing this evening 3)一般现在时表将来:第一种就是出现在主将从现原则中，其次考查较多的是时刻表。The train leaves at three o'clock. 数词一、数词的基本分类1)表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one,fivetenthirty,sixty-five等。2)表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如firstsixthtenthtwenty-first等。二、数词的构成11)1-20表达英语中有相对应的单词，两位数的表达方法为整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one三位数如onehundredandtwenty-one百位和十位之间加and，后面两位数要加连字符，四位以上只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand.one hundred and thirty-four英语中没有万，千万，亿等单位，如果需要表示万的话用thousand计算，如14283 fourteenthousand two hundred andeighty-three;如果需要表示千万和亿的话用million计算，如2.1824.5200 two hundred and eighteen million two hundred and forty-five thousand and twohundred 2作基单位的hundredthousandmillionbillion不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如:About two thousand people died in the earthquake大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year.每年成千上万的人到海滨去。 3表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如:He is in his early twenties.他才二十出头。This took place in the1930s.这事发生在20世纪30年代。数词和名词，形容词连用时有连字符和没有连字符在句中的位置是有区别的，例如five-year-old和five years old.有连字符的在句中做定语，修饰后面的名词;无连字符的在句中做表语，放在系动词后面。The five-year-old boy can dresshimself那个5岁的孩子自己能穿衣服了。Myson is a five-year-oldboy我的儿子是一个五岁的男孩。 2.序数词的构成许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成如four/fourth，sixteen/sixteenth;twentieththirtieth.fortieth等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾v改为ie，再加-th构成。一二三，特殊记， (first，second，third) 加 th 从四起; (从四开始所有的序数词都是以th结尾的。) 八少t，九少e: (eight去t加th变成ighth，nine去e加上th变成 ninth)逢五与十二，f替ve; (five，twelve中ve变为f再加th，就成为fifth，twelfth) 二十到九十，y变ie: (20-90等十位整数的基数词都是以y结尾的，变成序 数词时要变y为ie再加th。例如:twentieth，thirtieth等。)若是几十几，前基后序要牢记。(这些词的序数词写法是:十位数保持基数词不变，个位数改成序数词，如:twenty-first，ninety-fifth.)百位数的序数词:百位数用基数词+后面十位数或个位数的序数词，如:第二百二+ two hundred andtwentieth 第二百零三twohundred and third 序数词的缩写形式由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成，如:two hundred and twentieth--- 220thtwo hundred and third- 203rd【第九 ninth    十九 nineteen  第十九nineteenth     九十 ninety   第九十 ninetieth第四fourth    十四fourteen   第十四fourteenth     四十 forty     第四十 fortieth】 三、数词的用法: 1)序数词前通常要用定冠词，但当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，通常省略其前的定冠词。如:Today is my father's fortieth birthday有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如:We’ll have to do it a second time.我们得再做一次。 2)时刻的表示:小时，分钟，秒钟都用基数词表示，例如:five o'clock seven thirty, twot o eight 等。 3.表示:基数，日用数词。例如:in1999，五月八号写作May the eighth表示在几世纪这个概念时，用序数词。例如:在21世纪写作in the twenty-first century. 4.数的表达，分子须用基数词分母用序数词。分子如是1以上的基数词分母须用复数形式。如1/3写作a/one third，3/4写作three fourths。 5.编号的表示:基数词放到名词的后面，前面的名词要大写:序数词放在名词的前面，要加定冠词。例如:Lesson 1，the first lesson 冠词的用法 冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词，不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物，定冠词the常用来指特定的某个人或物。1、不定冠词 a/ana/an用在表示“一”的概念，但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时，如果是可数名词单数，常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an+单数名词”表示“一个…”或“某一…”(1)表示“一个”，相当于one，指某人或某物I have a new computer. 我有一台新电脑。 (2)代表一类人或物A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切东西的工具。 (3)用于一些习惯用语中。如alotof许多;alittle少量:akindof一类。I want a pear. I don’t want an apple. 我想要一个梨。我不想要一个苹果。  2、定冠词 the(1)定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前，或特指某(些)人或物，使其区别于同类的其他人或事物，相当于this，that，these，those，可以与可数名词连用，也可与不可数名词连用。(2)用于表示上文已提及的人或事物。I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.我有一辆新自行车。这辆车是我叔叔送给我的生日礼物。(3)示双道人或事物He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他在学校门口等我。 (4)用于数词和最高级前。This is the first time for me to visitBeijing这是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurantinBeijing.埃迪想住在北京最大的参观旁边。(5)用于世界上独一无二的事物前。The Earth moves around the sun 地球围绕太阳转。 (6)用于方位名词前。Jiangsu is in the east of China 江苏位于中国东部。 (7)用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。We are going to visit the Great Wall. 我们打算去游览长城。 (8) 用于乐器名词前。He can’t play football, but he can playtheviolin他不会踢足球，但是他会拉小提琴。(9)与一些形容词连用，表示一类人，是复数概念。In China, the old live a happy life 在中国，老人们过着幸福的生活。 (10)用于姓氏的复数前，表示一家人，是复数概念。The Greens are having afternoon tea at present.此刻，格林一家正在喝下午茶。(11)用于一些习惯用语中，如:In the moning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上 In the middle of... 在……的中间 3、零冠词(1)专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。如:China. America,Smith 中国、美国、史密斯 (2)可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词 名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。如:This dictionary is mine. 这个字典是我的 (3)季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词。如:March, May Day, National Day 三月、五一劳动节、国庆节 Did you have supper? 你吃午饭了吗? Spring is the best season of the year. 春天是一年中最好的季节。 (4)学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。如:Do you study physics? 你学习物理吗? He likes playing football/chess 他喜欢踢足球/下象棋。 (5)复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。如:They are workers. 他们是工人。 (6)在与by连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。如:They often go to school by bus. 他们经常坐公交车上学。 批注:in a car.on the bike.take a bus on the train/bus需注意。(7)某些固定词组中不用冠词。①名词词组中:husband and wife,brother and sister,body and soulday and night knife and fork②介词词组中:toat,from)school,in(to)class,in(to,at,fromuniversity(college).to(in,into,from)churchto(in,intoout of)prison(hospitalbed),to(at,fromout ofworkto(infrom)town.at(from)home,to(at)sea,at night(noonmidnight),bycar(bus,bicycleplane),on foot 【例题精讲】例1.---Is he going to see you tomorrow?A. Yes, he does  B.No, he doesnt  C. Yes, he will  D. No, he isnt 例2. It is too hot today, Simon is going towith his family.A.swim   B.swims   C.swimming   D. swimmer 例3.--_____We go shopping together now? --OK, But__you wait for a moment ?A.Shall ;shall  B.Will;will  C. Shall; will  D. Will;shall 例4-_____Visitors come to Changzhou during May Day holidays every year.A Thousands of  B.Two thousands  C.Thousand of  D. Thousand 例5-How was your weekend?-Great! It was my grandfather's_____birthday.We enjoyed ourselves.A.seventy  B.seventieth  C.the seventieth  D.Seventeenth 例6.May is the _____month of a year.A.fifty   B.fifteen   C.fifth   D.five 例7.-How was______dinner at Sandy’s house?-It was great.Sandy's mum isexcellent cook.A. a, the   B.the, an   C.the,the   D.a,an 例8.-What do you think of _____idea of taking part in 'Earth Hour’?-Wonderful! I’ve never heard of one! We can reduce_____ pollution in this way.A.an; the better    B. the; a better C. an a better     D. the the best 例9.---Who's _____woman in blue, do you know?---Oh, she's _____friend of Anna'sA.the;a   B.an; the   C.a; the   D.the; an  【答案】DAC ABC BBA 【课堂练习】1用动词的适当形式填空1. There_____(be)a great concert tonight, isn’t there?2.--“I need some paper.”--“I_____(bring)some for you.3.Iam afraid there_____(be)a meeting tomorrow.I can’t join you.4. your father_____ (go)to work every day last year?5. If she isn’t free tomorrow,she_____(not take) part in the party.6.I_____(be)tired.I______(go)to bed early tonight.7.We all think their team_____(win).[答案]:1.is going to be   2. will bring   3. will be /is going to be   4. Did ,go 5. won't take   6. am, will go   7. will win  2.用数的适当形式填空1. Even a child knows September is the_____month of a year.(nine)2. Three_____(hundred) of the students are dancing at the square after supper.3.Myfamily live on the_____(five)floor ofthe tall building4.I've bought a present for my father’s_____(forty) birthday5.December is the______(twelve) month of it.6.Chinese people plant several_____(million)trees every year7Now_____(thousand) of people around the world can’t get clean water.8. The doctor advised him to take the medicine_____(two) a dayKeys: 1.ninth 2.hundred 3.fifth 4.fortieth 5twelfth 6million 7.thousands 8 Twice3.单选题1.Shanghai is attractive city.It's such_____nice place that many tourists come here every summerA.a;a   B. the;/   C.an;/   D.an;a 2.---My son seldom has breakfast.--- It isunhealthyhabit.You must ask him to change it.A.1; an   B.the; an   C./;a   D.the, a 3.Lady Gaga is__very popular singer. She has lots of fans.A.a    B.an   C.the   D./ 4. This summer, I'm going to visitGreat Wall.A.a    B.an   C.the   D./ 5. Every day, Cathy eats__apple to keep fit.A.a    B.an   C.the Keys:DAACB 提升篇A1. Can you show me_____ pen? This one is too expensive. A.other   B.others   C.another   D.the other 2.I’m afraid riding to schoolless time than taking the busA.spends   B.takes   C.costs    D. pays 3. We'll have a _____walk.A. ten minutes  B.ten-minutes   C.ten-minute   D. ten minutes 4.--What_____your cat like? ---It's friendly and cute.A.does   B.is    C.are    D.do 5.---Do you know _____old woman in front of the South Gate?---Of course. She is our neighbor______ 80-year-old woman.    an ;an   B.the; an   C. an; the   D.the; the6. These are_____cards. They are_____.A. ours, their   B.our, his  C. ours, theirs   D.our, your 7.- _____difficult work the engineer is busy doing!What can we do to help him?A.What    B. What a  C.How    D.How a 8.Tom spends_____on English. Now he is______at it.A. enough time, enough good  B.enough of time, enough good C. enough of time, good enough  D.enough time, good enough 9.---What about going rowing this weekend?---That great_____.A. hears    B.is sounds    C. sounds   D. sounds like 10.---Can you write the number“eight-five thousand six hundred and twenty-six”---Yes. It’s____A.8500060026  B.8560026  C.85626   D.85060026 11.Our teachers often say three years really short, They hope everybody can study hard.A.be    B.is    C.are   D.to be 12.---How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?A. In three days  B.In three daystime  C. Three days ago  D. Three days later 13.The teacher tells us_____A.don't play on the road    B.not be late again C. come to school on foot    D.not to go to school late 14.Jim, with his parents,_____back to London next weekA. is going   B.are going  C. will goes  D. goes 15. ‘Take this medicine and it will make you _____better soon.’The nurse says to the____boy.A.to feel, sick   B.fcel. sick  C.fceling,ill  D.feels,ill 答案:CBCBB BADCC BBBABB1.It's _____unusual thing foreight-year-old girl to find _____UFO.A.aaa   B.an; an; a   C.an; a; an   D. a; an; an 2. How much does it _____to fly from Nantong to Beijing?A.cost   B.pay    C.spend    D.take 3.You_____ afraid of doing homework.You know, it’s easy. Just be careful.A.don't have to  B.have to be  C. don't have   D. don't have to be 4. Do you share the roomyour brother or havebedroom?A.andyour own  B.with;yourself  C.with;your own  D.andyourself 5.______the road then the fruit shop and you'll see the hospital.A Walk.cross:walk pass    B. Across: past C. Walk across pass     D. Cross; past 6.Tim stopped_____ and lay on the ground ,so we all stopped_____what happened to him.A.to run, to see  B.running.to see  C.to run, secing  D.running,seeing 7.Who are you waiting_____ the school gate, Millie?A. 不填    B.for    C.for at    D.at 8. Mr Li doesn’t have a good _____,He has to do much _____every day.A.work;job   B.job;work   C.job;job   D.work; work 9.---Why are you in a hurry, Jack? ---There _____a basketball game in ten minutes. A.are going to be   B.will have   C. is going to have  D.will be 10.The birds flies_____the window quickly when Jack tries to catch it.A. across    B. cross    C.through    D.along 1-5 BADCC 6-10 BCBDC 词汇A.根基中文，英文释义或句意，写出所缺单词。1.Which one would you like to choose among these_____(工作)?2.Gong Li is a_____(well-known) film star.3.Your mother looks_____(担心)about your poor eyesight.4. I think you are clever enough to work put this Maths problem on your_____.5.She often misses P.E. lessons because of her_____(病).6.Someone is sleeping ,Please open the door______(悄悄地).7.---Can you tell me the______(游客)names?---Sorry, I don't know them, either.8.A (a man who works in the police station)stops Mr.White's car on hhis way to work.B.用所给词的适当形式填空。luck hear it work sixty hour 9.We are looking forward to_____from your soon.10.,they couldn’t find their way home11. Her flat is four floor below______.12.What a lovely dog! Do you know__name?13.We will have anrest after finishing the work.三.句型转换1. If you study hard, you will be good at all the subjects.(同义句) ______________hard,you will be good at all the subjects.You will have a two-day holiday,right?(同义句)  You will have a______ _______ holiday, right?She will come back in two hours.(对划线部分提问)_______ _______will she come back?Sometimes she goes to work by car.(同义句) Sometimes she_______ ________work.5.It takes Mum lots of time to do housework everyday.(同义句)_______ _______Mum lots of time every day. 四、根据所给首字母短文填空We have been in Australia for three days.We're having a w_____ time here, Australia is the sixth largest country in the world,There is so much to see that it is impossible for me to tell you everything.Sydney is a beautiful cityThere are many big trees and colorful flowers a______the houses andthey1______ really beautiful.There are also some s_______animals in Australia such as kangaroos and koalasThey are really lovely.During the past three days we've visited many p_____of interest around Sydney.I’d like to s______ more time here.But we s______fly to another city,Cairns,to see coral beds(珊瑚礁)tomorrow.It is said that words cannot describe the beauty of the colorful corals.Many f______cartoon films were made there.We can enjoy o______in Cains this time tomorrow.I'm looking forward to g_______there! 五、任务型阅读These days, a new kind of restaurant is becoming popular.People who go there can not only enjoy their meals also can enjoy playing computer games and have fun with their family and friends on line.Sailor is the restaurant’s name.It is in Los Angeles. and it’s about fun and food.In Sailor, there are no waiters or waitresses around youThe screens have replaced(取代)them.You can order the food you want by touching the screen in front of you and runners will bring it to the tables. You can also play video games with the people at the next table. The screens can show music videosmovies and so onBut mainly they are used to show video games.It’s an interactive(互动的)restaurant where you will control your meal and your fun .The service is fast and the runners know clearly where to go.There will be no waiting for a waiter, and no misunderstandings(误解)in the kitchen.Different kinds of food are served at any time of day.Sailor is a place which hosts“room games”where every table in the restaurant can have a video game competition at the same time. The owner of the restaurant hopes that Sailor can make it easy for people to have fun and enjoy a delicious meal.1. Where is the restaurant Sailor? 2. How can you order the food in Sailor? 3.When is the food served in Sailor? 4. What does the owner of the restaurant hope? 5.How do you like this new kind ofrestaurant?(自拟作答) 答案:词汇A.jobs:famous: worried:own:sickness:quietly:visitorspolicemanB.hearing; Unluckily: mine;its;hour's: sixties: works C.is raining; not play: sing; is going to be: are looking 首字母Study,and;two daysHow soondrives to;Housework takeswonderful:around:look;special:places:spend:shall;famous:ourselves;going任务型It is in Los Angeles.By touching the screen. At any time of day.Sailor can make it easy for people to have fun and enjoy mealsIt's popular/good/..