【高考英语模拟】高考名校仿真模拟联考试题(新课标全国卷)含听力(07)
展开高考英语一轮复习策略建议
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型,以及每单元的综合训练,认真对其辨析、总结和归纳,查漏补缺,坚持积累,最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼,容量大,速度快。所以,学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路,要快速地用脑思,用心听、用嘴说,用手写,才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成,重视规范的做题步骤,重视思考过程。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。
5、抓时间,重效果,扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧,任务重,需要同学们充分抢抓时间,利用时间,紧跟复习进度。
高考名校仿真模拟联考试题(新课标全国卷)
英语(七)答案
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.B
21.C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Make the most of your summer vacation with this six-week academic summer camp"可知,该暑期项目历时六周,即大约一个半月的时间。故选C。本题A项容易误选,因为文章结尾提到了volunteer,但是细看最后一段中的相关信息"NYU Precollege summer camp allows outstanding teens to get a taste of college while still having time to work or volunteer outside of school"便可知道,学生是可以边参加纽约大学预科夏令营边在校外工作或做志愿者,而不是在纽约大学做志愿者,故排除A项。
22.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"The seminars offer students an opportunity to improve writing skills and focus on college-level writing"可知,在研讨班中,学生可以提高自己的写作能力。故选A。
23.B【解析】考查写作意图。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了纽约大学的预科夏令营的相关内容,故作者写作本文就是为了介绍这一暑期项目。故选B。
【备注】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了纽约大学预科夏令营的相关内容。
24.C【解析】考查细节理解。从第一段中的"Now,scientists have found a new source of data — old television footage(片段镜头) of outdoor sporting events...provides new evidences to prove their opinions"可以得知,科学家们新发现的能证明自己观点的证据就是文中所说的新数据来源,即户外体育赛事的旧电视影像片段。
25.B【解析】考查细节理解。从第三段中的"In the 1980s,hardly did any trees have leaves at that time in the course of the race. But from 2006 to 2016,45% of trees had at least started producing leaves"可知,自2006年以来,45%(即将近一半)的树木在自行车赛事期间已经开始长出了叶子,故B项表述正确。第二段末尾提到"For each tree, they noted the presence — or absence — of leaves, along with their size",但下文并没有提到研究人员发现树木长大方面的信息,故排除A项;根据第三段中的"In the 1980s, hardly did any trees have leaves at that time in the course of the race",20世纪80年代,树木在比赛期间几乎都没有叶子,故排除C项;文中提到旧电视影像片段记录了户外体育赛事,而科学家通过对这些影像片段中的树木来进行研究,并不能从这些信息中得出"这些影像片段记录了比赛的变化",故排除D项。
26.A【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The researchers say this latest study is just a start,and old television footage could be a valuable resource in the long search for a better understanding of how climate change is affecting plants"可以推断出,他们还要继续研究这些珍贵的数据,寻找更多的信息理解气候变化是如何影响植物的。也就是说,他们会从这些旧电视影像片段中寻找更多信息,故选A。
27.D【解析】考查主旨大意。从文中可以得知科学家们找到了证明春天来得越来越早的证据,他们通过体育赛事的旧电视影像片段发现树木长出新叶的时间变化,从而证明了他们的观点,故选D。
【备注】本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过户外体育赛事的旧电视影像片段来观察每年树木和其他植物长出新叶的时间早晚,从而证实了春天来得越来越早。旧电视影像片段也为更好理解气候变化影响植物的生长提供了途径。
28.A【解析】考查词义猜测。从画线词前的"The young man has been investigated(调查) and does not appear to have committed a crime"可知,那个男子已经被调查,而且似乎并没有犯过罪,再结合画线词后的"the public insisted that further investigations should be carried out"可知,男子的自拍行为引起了公众不满,公众要求对其进行进一步调查,故可推知公众应该是怀疑警方之前的调查结果,故画线词的含义与A项最为接近。B项Resistance意为"抵制,反对",此处并不是说公众抵制最初的调查结果,否则就不会要求警方作进一步调查,而应是要求警方重新进行调查了,故排除;C项Attention意为"注意力",D项Sensitivity意为"敏感",如果是引起了公众对调查的注意力或者公众对调查敏感,那么与结果状语从句"so that the public...be carried out"就形不成语义上的关联了,故均排除。
29.D【解析】考查细节理解。从第三段Antonella Boralevi所说的话"The young man who took the selfie was not bad... Instead, he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an‘automaton(机械行事之人)of the Internet’"可知,Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的那个男子本性不坏,只是因为受网络的影响变成了互联网上的机械行事之人,言外之意就是拍照男子过分沉溺于网络和自拍,遇到什么事都会不自觉拍照,故可知Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的男子是不由自主地拍照的。本题易错选C项。从第三段中的"The young man who took the selfie was not bad"可知,Antonella Boralevi认为拍照的人本性不坏,故很多考生就会望文生义,认为Antonella Boralevi觉得拍照的男子应该被公众原谅,而忽略了后文的"he had turned off his soul and his personality and become an ‘automaton(机械行事之人)of the Internet’"。
30.C【解析】考查段落大意。从最后一段的内容,尤其是"What remains unclear is how the young woman was hit by a train in the first place"可知,本段主要在探究女子是如何被火车撞到的,即火车事故发生的可能原因。
31.B【解析】考查推理判断。通读全文可知,本文主要在客观地描述一名男子因在一救援现场自拍而引起公众对此的不满和批评,故可推知本文属于新闻纪实性文章,最可能出现在某一报纸上。
【备注】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述了一名男子在救援现场自拍引发了公众的不满和批评。
32.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Many children in developing countries have no option but to work to support themselves and often their families"可知,发展中国家的孩子大部分不得不工作养活自己和自己的家庭,即他们要依靠自己。B项干扰性较大,考生会想当然认为发展中国家的孩子们没有机会挣更多的钱,但根据下文信息,有些社会机构在想办法帮助孩子们,说明他们有机会挣更多的钱,排除B项;文中明确谈到了他们教育的缺失"the lack of their education",排除C项;D项没有相关信息。
33.C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"This initiative provides a service for street and working children to save their money"可知,这个Shade Tree倡议会帮助孩子们存钱。
34.B【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The initiative is targeting the children who both live on the streets and work as rag-pickers...and so on"可知,这个倡议的帮助对象是街上无家可归而且又是从事非正式工作的孩子们。本题容易误选D项。因为文章第二段谈到了"they have no guardian to support them"。但该倡议帮助的对象是"children who both live...and so on",而D项只满足一个条件,故不能作为正确答案。
35.D【解析】考查推理判断。第二段最后两句和最后一段最后一句中的信息告诉我们:儿童银行与他们的合作者包括一个大型国际银行和当地慈善机构合作很顺利,他们为孩子们提供教育机会,提供交友平台,提高孩子们的维权意识等,总之,就是保护孩子们的利益。因此选D。C项干扰性较大,原因是考生太粗心,没有发现干扰项与原文的细微差别。文章最后一句说的是非正式教育(non-formal education),而C项提到的大学教育是正式教育,故不可入选。
【备注】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了非营利性机构Save the Children支持的一个倡议——Shade Tree,该倡议旨在保护街上无家可归的流浪儿童,帮助他们将自己辛苦挣来的钱存进银行,并向他们提供非正式教育和交友平台,提高他们的维权意识。
36.G【解析】本题可从上下文中得到启示,上文提到了帮助当地村民首次尝试观看世界杯,下文提到孩子们真的很珍惜这个机会,故本空应讲的是偏远地区的小学生也能看到世界杯,故选G项。
37.F【解析】从上下文可得到启示,这个项目是去年八月份开始的,其目的是为非洲的10 000个村子提供数字电视信号,帮助他们实现农业现代化和独立自主可持续发展。故选F项。
38.D【解析】下文介绍该项目帮助当地村民跟上时代的步伐,使他们能够获知天气预报和农产品市场价格,能够看到现场直播的政府官员和国会议员。故选D项"该服务帮助非洲农民获知实时新闻,与时代同步"。
39.A【解析】上文叙述的就是卫星设施和服务,下文接着说它还有自己的频道来介绍中国文化,只有A项"该公司不仅仅提供卫星设备和服务"能恰当地衔接上下文。
40.B【解析】根据前面的提示"为了克服非洲农村的电力短缺问题,公司还提供配有太阳能系统的电视机"可知,这样做让当地人在太阳落山后还能观看6个小时的电视。故选B项。
【备注】本文主要介绍了一家中国公司帮助非洲一些国家的农村开发卫星电视,使得当地的球迷和小学生都能够看上世界杯比赛。该卫星电视项目在为当地人带来好处的同时,也传播了中国文化。
41.A【解析】考查动词。根据上下文可知,母亲应该是祈祷同学们对她儿子友善一些,故选A。pray"祈祷";beg"恳求";suggest"暗示";predict"预测"。
42.B【解析】考查动词。根据下文"why he looks the way he does"可知,Auggie看到同学们一直盯着他看应该是向他们解释(explaining)他为何是如今的样子。complain"抱怨";claim"主张,声称"。
43.C【解析】考查动词。根据下文可知,同学们对他不同常人的外表应该感到很惊诧,所以才会一直盯着他看。stare"盯着看"。故选C。
44.D【解析】考查名词。此处表示"我做过27次手术,它们让我能呼吸,能看见东西,能不用听力辅助器就听到声音,但是没有一个能让我看起来正常(ordinary)",surgery"外科手术",符合语境。
45.C【解析】考查形容词。参见上题解析。
46.D【解析】考查名词。此处表示"很快他成为一些学生的笑柄,他们声称从未见过那么难看的人"。a source of fun"乐趣的来源"。
47.A【解析】考查形容词。参见上题解析。unattractive"难看的";absurd"荒谬的";clumsy"笨拙的"。下文的Auggie的母亲安慰他的话"You are not ugly"亦是暗示。
48.B【解析】考查动词。Auggie在一些同学那里受挫了,所以他父亲应该是尽力安慰(comfort)他。approach"接近";seize"抓住,控制";save"拯救"。
49.A【解析】考查动词短语。从"quite emotional" "when his mother...‘You are not ugly’"可推断,此处表示"当他听到母亲安慰的话时,突然开始哭了起来"。break into"突然开始"符合语境。hold back"抑制,控制";break out"(战争、火灾等不愉快之事)爆发";hold down"保住,限制"。
50.C【解析】考查名词。根据语境,尤其是下文的提示"You are not ugly"可知,此处表示母亲安慰他,他长得不丑,故C项符合语境。
51.D【解析】考查副词。根据下文Auggie的回答可知,母亲安慰他之后,他还是感到有些伤心(sadly),故选D。
52.B【解析】考查连词。他觉得因为自己是母亲的儿子,母亲才会这么说。故选B。
53.A【解析】考查动词。此处表示"我是你母亲这个事实才是最重要的,因为我最了解你",count"重要",符合语境。reflect"反映,反射";function"起作用,运转";inspire"激励"。
54.B【解析】考查动词短语。根据下文和空后的finally可知,此处表示母亲的安慰使得Auggie终于振作起来(cheers up)了。shut up"闭嘴,不说话";pull up"停车,停止";back up"后退"。
55.D【解析】考查动词短语。settle into"适应(新环境)",符合语境。
56.A【解析】考查动词。尽管面对着一些不友好的情况,但Auggie在学着去适应新学校的过程中也跟很多人建立(forms)了友谊。
57.C【解析】考查名词。他的经历教会别人应该心存怜悯,接受他人的不同,形成内在美(beauty)。此处的journey在这里引申为"经历"。故选C。
58.B【解析】考查名词。参见上题解析。
59.D【解析】考查副词。这个故事关于家庭、友谊和爱,最重要的是,在生命的每个阶段都要选择善良(kindness)。故用importantly。
60.C【解析】考查名词。参见上题解析。cooperation"合作";determination"决心";honesty"诚实"。
【备注】本文是记叙文,简单介绍了一个有关爱的温情故事,最重要的是,这个故事号召人们在生命的每一个阶段都要选择善良。
61.where【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以发现,空前是主句,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词world,空处在从句中作地点状语,故用where。
62.a【解析】考查冠词。飞速发展的医学和技术常常影响我们的生活。on a regular basis"定期地,经常地",故填不定冠词a。
63.has developed/has been developing【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语"in recent years"可知,develop的动作从过去开始持续到现在,并有可能持续下去,故应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时,故用has developed或has been developing。
64.copies【解析】考查名词复数。copy在此表示"复制品",是可数名词。根据后面的one another"彼此,互相"可知,此处copy不止一个,故用copy的复数形式。
65.valuable【解析】考查形容词。克隆在很多医疗应用和生物实验中变得很重要。根据语境和系动词后跟形容词的用法可知,此处用value的形容词形式valuable"珍贵的,很重要的,有用的"。本空考生容易错填values,原因是考生忽略了句意,认为此处是become+名词"成为……"结构,但是填values虽然在句子结构和语法上没有问题,但是value作名词讲时意为"价值;划算程度;价值观;数值",在句意上是不通的。
66.occurring【解析】考查非谓语动词。大多数克隆是在实验室中进行的,还有一些在一些物种身上自然发生。逗号前是完整的一个句子,逗号后是"with+宾语+宾补"的复合结构,因为occur是不及物动词,且occur与其主语在逻辑上是主谓关系,故用现在分词作宾补。注意:occur的现在分词形式是先双写r再加-ing。
67.closer【解析】考查副词的比较级。根据句意和空前的even可知,空处应用副词的比较级closer。本空很多考生极容易误填closely,考生受惯性思维的影响,一发现考查副词,就下意识地认为用所给词的副词形式。但是一来考生忽略了空前的修饰词even,二来考生忽视了close的副词形式有两种:close"接近地",closely"密切地,仔细地"。closely显然不符合语境。
68.in【解析】考查介词。in the best interest of...意思是"对……最有利",是固定搭配。
69.are【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实,故用一般现在时;由句子主语moral questions为复数可知,谓语动词应用are。
70.to balance【解析】考查非谓语动词。它会是一个可以让人类所获益处足以抵消它带来的负面影响的成就吗?enough to do sth."足够做某事"。
【备注】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍飞速发展的医学和技术常常影响着我们的生活,其中一种技术就是克隆。本文介绍了克隆的概念、现状以及存在的一些问题。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
【答案】
Nowadays, students read little English .On the one hand, they probably it too difficult.On the other hand, they think it .In my view,,English literature is of great significance and we can’t afford to miss .First,not only does it offer us an opportunity to appreciate the beauty of the English language,but we can also have taste of a different culture.importantly,it helps us to communicate with those great minds in history.So I appeal to every one of us to more English literary works. A little more effort we will learn a lot.
【解析】
第一处:literatures→literature。考查名词。因为literature"文学作品"为不可数名词,故不能用复数形式。
第二处:considered→consider。考查时态。全文基本时态为一般现在时,故此处应用consider。
第三处:unnecessarily→unnecessary。考查形容词。此处涉及think+n./pron.+adj.结构,故此处把副词改为形容词。
第四处:therefore→however。考查逻辑关系。therefore"因此",however "然而",此处表示转折,应用however。
第五处:在miss后加it。考查代词。it在此代替前面的English literature作miss的宾语,miss作"错过,不做"讲时,是及物动词。
第六处:删除appreciate后的for。考查介词。appreciate作"欣赏"讲时是及物动词,后面直接跟宾语,故for多余。
第七处:the→a。考查冠词。此处taste意为"感受",且表示泛指,故用不定冠词。
第八处:Much→More。考查比较级。根据语境和固定用法more importantly"更为重要的是"可知,此处要用Much的比较级形式。
第九处:reading→read。考查非谓语动词。appeal to sb. to do sth."呼吁某人做某事",第二个to是不定式符号,后面要跟动词原形。
第十处:or→and。考查固定句型。根据语境可知,本句涉及"名词短语+and/or+陈述句"句式,且本句中名词短语表示条件,陈述句表示正向的结果,故用and。如果陈述句表示反向的结果,则连词用or。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
【答案】
Dear Smith,
I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for your kind help during the 2018 RobotChallenge.
As you know,the 2018 RobotChallenge had a very tight schedule.It was packed with exciting matches.Exhausted as we were,we volunteers were in high spirits.I can well remember that I was somewhat nervous during the first few days.It was you that came to help me and your encouragement inspired me to move on confidently.And it really touched me that whenever I ran into problems in communication,you were always a great help to me.
Personally,I’m more than honored to meet you.I do hope you can come to China again someday.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】范文要点齐全,层次分明,结构完整;同时,使用的时态正确无误,用词精准,语言流畅,灵活地使用了多个亮点词汇和较高级的表达句式,体现了
作者较强的英语表达能力。
亮点词汇:express my heartfelt thanks, packed with;
高级句式:强调句(It was you that came to help me);whenever引导的让步状语从句(whenever I ran into problems in communication)。
【备注】本题要求写一封邮件来表达谢意,考生首先必须注意写作的格式(称呼、结束语、署名等)。邮件主要是向英国朋友Smith对自己的帮助表示感谢,回顾做志愿者时的感受和Smith对自己的帮助时可用一般过去时。可用到的表达有:express one’s thanks for, have a tight schedule, in high spirits, encourage, inspire等。
附:听力附录材料
Text 1
M:I need to cash this check.
W:Will you please turn right over to Window 5?
Text 2
W:I hardly ever go shopping by bus now.The shopping center is within walking distance.
M:Well, you’re lucky.
Text 3
W:May I see your ticket, please? I think you’re sitting in my seat.
M:Oh, you’re right.I’m terribly sorry.
Text 4
M:I’m really surprised you got an A in the test; you didn’t seem to have done a lot.
W:But I never missed the class and always spent much time going over my lessons at night.
Text 5
M:What can I do for you,madam?
W:I’m looking for some toys for my son.This toy bear looks nice,but I’m afraid it’s too expensive.
M:Oh,its original price is 50 dollars but it’s on sale now and we can offer you a 20% discount.
Text 6
W:Steven,you know some reporters want to write about our ABC company?
M:Yes.You are meeting them next week,aren’t you?
W:Yeah.Where should I meet them?
M:I suppose you prefer the office,because it is more comfortable.
W:I did think here.But maybe a restaurant or somewhere.
M:Well,to be honest,I think they prefer to see how our products are made in the factory.
W:OK,I’ll meet them there.
Text 7
W:Do you know what time you will be back this evening,honey?
M:I’m not sure.It depends on what questions they are going to ask me.
W:Relax,relax.Everyone has his first time.Don’t get yourself too worried.
M:OK! I got it! But is there any better advice?
W:Have some bread and coffee.It will make you feel much better.Hum,what time is your appointment?
M:Two thirty.
W:Don’t get there too early,or you’ll have to hang around.This is nothing worth.You can manage it,OK?
M:OK,thanks.
Text 8
W:Where shall we take the children this weekend,Ray?
M:Well,we could take them to Water World or to Adventure Park.Which one would you prefer?
W:Well,how far away are they? I don’t want to spend three or four hours just in the car.
M:Well,Water World is pretty close,about one and a half hours away.But Adventure Park will take us one more hour.
W:Do they have swimming pools?
M:Well,Water World has a huge pool for swimming and playing.Adventure Park hasn’t got a pool,but it’s got a small zoo.
W:I’m not very fond of zoos.Seeing animals in cages makes me uncomfortable.
M:Well,there aren’t any animals at Water World.
W:Okay,if we are going there,I’m going to take a picnic.I know they’ve got restaurants,but they are not cheap at all.I’d rather take our own food and drinks.
M:That’s a good idea.I’ll tell the children.
Text 9
W:Have you checked the bookstore again to see if the Chemistry textbook has arrived?
M:Yes,I went there earlier this morning,and it still wasn’t in.
W:But Professor Jenkins asked us to buy it right away and read the first two chapters.
M:I wouldn’t worry about it.Someone will let him know that the book isn’t available yet.
W:I still wish the book would arrive,though.If the book doesn’t get there soon,we’ll have six or seven chapters to read at once!
M:Relax! The first few chapters should be easy to read.They’ll just be a review of basic Chemistry concepts that we’ve already studied a hundred times.
W:Maybe they’ll be a review for you,but not for me! I think I’m going to head back to the bookstore and see if the book has come in since you checked.
M:Then I’m going to relax a little in front of the television set.
Text 10
M:One Sunday,I found a small bag on my way.I picked it up and opened it to see if I could find out the owner’s name.There was nothing inside it except some dollars and an old photo — a picture of a young woman and a girl about twelve years old.I put the photo back and took the bag to the police station.Before I left, the policeman wrote down my name and address.He thought the owner might want to thank me.That evening I went to have dinner with my aunt and uncle. They had also asked a young woman to have dinner with us.Her face was familiar, but I couldn’t remember where I had seen her.During our talk,the young woman happened to say that she had lost her bag that afternoon.At once I remembered where I had seen her.She was the young woman in the photo.She was surprised when I told her about the bag.After dinner we went to the police station and she got back her bag.
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