2022-2023学年重庆市育才中学高三下学期入学检测英语试题 Word版含解析

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重庆市育才中学校高2023届高三入学考试
英语试题
本试卷为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试时间 120分钟。
注意事项: 1.答卷前，请考生务必把自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷(满分95分)
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the woman learn to draw?
A. In university. B. In high school. C. In the childhood.
2. What did the woman tell the man?
A. The pencil wasn’t sharp
B. He could use her extra pen.
C. She didn’t bring the pencil sharpener.
3. Why might the man be surprised?
A. The woman was late.
B. The woman arrived early.
C. The woman worked overtime tonight.
4. What does the man think of Bill?
A. He’s thoughtful. B. He’s humorous. C. He’s careless.
5. What does the boy probably want from the woman?
A. Thirty more dollars. B Twenty more dollars. C. Ten more dollars.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the conversation mainly about?
Plans for the weekend. B. The man’s phone usage. C. The best social apps.
7. How many people docs the man claim to,usually text?
A.5. B.6. C.60.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What color are the man’s glasses?
A.Blue. B. Yellow. C. Brown.
9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Doctor and patient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man banned from doing in school?
A. Wearing jeans. B. Carrying a phone. C. Using a computer.
11. What time of the year is it?
A. Fall. B. Winter. C. Spring.
12. What homework does the woman have for the holiday?
A. Finishing an English report.
B. Studying for a geography test.
C. Reading chapters from her science textbook.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did the man arrive late?
A. He got stuck in traffic.
B. He was unable to find parking.
C. He had to take a different route.
14. What was the weather like in the morning?
A. It was raining. B. It was sunny. C. It was cloudy.
15. What event did the man miss?
A. A sports event. B. A food fair. C. A concert.
16. Where are the speakers?
A. At a park. B. At a stadium. C. At a television station.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many brothers and sisters did Jin have?
A. Two. B. Six. C. Seven.
18. What was Jin’s first wuxia novel?
A. The Book and the Sword.
B. The Deer and the Cauldron.
C. The Smiling, Proud Wanderer.
19. When did Jin start working at a film company?
A. In 1955. B. In 1957. C. In 1959.
20. Who gave Jin Doctor of Philosophy degree?
A. Soochow University.
B. Cambridge University.
C The Central University of Political Affairs.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
TV Shows For Teens
A study found that although new types of media are available to youngsters today, television continues to be important. Teens continue their habit of watching TV during adolescence and even start to rely on it for their knowledge expansion. Here is a list of TV shows for your teens' viewing pleasure:
Ancient Aliens
As your teens are old enough to understand Unidentified Flying Objects and aliens, you can encourage them to watch Ancient Aliens. This American television series will bring your teens the fascinating topics of extraterrestrial（外星球的）presence and the scientific proof behind the claims.
Channel: History
Superhumans
The American documentary series were aired from 2010 to 2014, whose aim was to discover human beings with a superhuman level of extraordinary physical or mental abilities. The show, which attempts to uncover the scientific secret behind their “gifts”, will help your teens learn about the scientific reasons of superhuman abilities.
Channel: Sci-Fi
Megascience
Providing an abundance of scientific information in an easy and comprehensible way is Megascience's style. All your teens' most puzzling scientific questions are answered in this show clearly and in detail, telling everything related to science.
Channel: Discovery Science
Science of Stupid
This show, broadcast in various versions in different countries, mixes science along with fun. While addressing various scientific principles, it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions, such as what happens when you use the wrong type of balloon, through funny videos.
Channel: National Geographic
1. On which channel can teens watch a show about UFOs?
A. History. B. Sci-Fi. C. Discovery Science. D. National Geographic.
2. What is Science of Stupid special about?
A. Its popularity. B. Its style. C. Its meaning. D. Its audience.
3. What do the four shows have in common?
A. They talk about science. B. They have many versions.
C. They are brand-new shows. D. They are aired around the world.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合青少年观看的电视节目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据对小标题Ancient Aliens介绍下的“As your teens are old enough to understand Unidentified Flying Objects and aliens, you can encourage them to watch Ancient Aliens. (当你的孩子已经足够大，能够理解不明飞行物和外星人的时候，你可以鼓励他们观看远古的外星人。)”和“Channel: History”（历史频道）可知，青少年可以在历史频道观看关于不明飞行物的节目。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据对Science of Stupid的介绍“This show, broadcast in various versions in different countries, mixes science along with fun. While addressing various scientific principles, it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions, such as what happens when you use the wrong type of balloon, through funny videos.（这个节目在不同的国家以不同的版本播出，将科学与乐趣结合在一起。在解决各种科学原理的同时，它通过有趣的视频为一些基本问题提供了科学解释，比如当你使用错误类型的气球时会发生什么。）”可知，它以有趣的方式给青少年讲述科学规则，解释科学问题。由此可见，它的风格是其独特之处。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Ancient Aliens下的“This American television series will bring your teens the fascinating topics of extraterrestrial presence and the scientific proof behind the claims.”（这部美国电视连续剧将为你的孩子们带来有关外星人存在的有趣话题，以及这些说法背后的科学依据。）；Superhumans下的“The show, which attempts to uncover the scientific secret behind their “gifts”,will help your teens learn about the scientific reasons of superhuman abilities.”（这档节目试图揭开这些“礼物”背后的科学秘密，将帮助孩子们了解超人能力产生的科学原因。）；Megascience下的“telling everything related to science.”（讲述了所有与科学有关的事情。）以及Science of Stupid下的“it provides a scientific explanation for basic questions”（它通过有趣的视频为一些基本问题提供了科学解释）可知，它们都与科学有关。故选A项。
B
Animal rescuer and cinematographer Douglas Thorn’s passion for animals began when he was a little kid. “I started rescuing orphaned baby animals,” Thorn says. “And I wanted to be a wildlife cinematographer.”
When Thron grew up, he did just that, working for shows like Discovery Channels Shark Week, filming the great white sharks off the coast of Santa Cruz, California. But Thron says it was the Paradise Fire in California in 2018 that “pushed” him to do animal rescue activism work, putting his aerial cinematography skills to good use.
At the time, Thron was filming a man who was rescuing cats after the fire using an infrared hand-held camera. The camera uses heat to detect the animals at night Thron and the man talked about how incredible it would be to put one on a drone to detect animals more easily. “The animal's body temperature will glow on the screen and you can pick them out among the bricks and stones,” explains Thron.
The first animal Thron ever rescued was a dog in the Bahamas after a category-5 hurricane hit, which wiped out hundreds of houses. Thron tested out putting an infrared scope on a drone and found the dog.
“The drone really shaves off critical time so that the really badly hurt animals are able to be rescued,” Thron says. Once the scope picks up the “heat signature of an animal”, Thron turns a spotlight on the animal and zooms in on it, so he and the rescue crews can go and save the animal.
Thron has basically been “going non-stop since then”. His TV show, Doug to the Rescue, shows some of his heart-warming animal rescues, including after Hurricane Laura in Louisiana in 2020 and after fires in Northern California and Oregon. Thron also helped rescue koalas after fires damaged parts of Australia in 2020.
4. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Researching rare animals. B. Rescuing homeless animals.
C. Becoming a disaster rescuer. D. Working as a wildlife cinematographer.
5. What's Thron's purpose for attaching the infrared camera to the drone?
A. To locate an animal quickly. B. To shoot more inviting photos.
C. To take animals' body temperature. D. To give warnings of dangers timely.
6. What's the fifth paragraph mainly about?
A. The difficulties Thron has to overcome.
B. The skills Thron will need to operate the drone.
C. The way Thron uses the drone to rescue animals.
D. The reason why Thron chooses his present job.
7. According to the passage, which word can best describe Thron?
A. Modest. B. Creative. C. Generous. D. Outgoing.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了野生动物电影摄影师Douglas Thorn通过红外手持摄像机和无人机救助动物的事迹。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“And I wanted to be a wildlife cinematographer.”以及画线词后文“working for shows like Discovery Channels Shark Week, filming the great white sharks off the coast of Santa Cruz, California”可知，Thron小时候就想成为一名野生动物电影摄影师，结果当Thron长大后，他真的成了野生动物电影摄影师，为探索频道的《鲨鱼周》这样的节目工作，在加州圣克鲁兹海岸拍摄大白鲨。故that指的是“野生动物电影摄影师”。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The camera uses heat to detect the animals at night Thron and the man talked about how incredible it would be to put one on a drone to detect animals more easily.(该摄像机利用热量在夜间探测动物，Thron和此人谈到，如果在无人机上安装一个摄像头，可以更容易地探测动物，那将是多么不可思议)”可推知，Thron把红外摄像机安在无人机上的目的是快速定位动物。故选A。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段““The drone really shaves off critical time so that the really badly hurt animals are able to be rescued,” Thron says. Once the scope picks up the “heat signature of an animal”, Thron turns a spotlight on the animal and zooms in on it, so he and the rescue crews can go and save the animal.(“无人机真的缩短了关键时间，所以真正严重受伤的动物能够获救，”Thron说。一旦瞄准镜捕捉到“动物的热信号”，Thron就把聚光灯对准动物并放大，这样他和救援人员就可以去救动物了)”可知，第五段主要讲了Thron使用无人机拯救动物的方式。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The camera uses heat to detect the animals at night Thron and the man talked about how incredible it would be to put one on a drone to detect animals more easily.(该摄像机利用热量在夜间探测动物，Thron和此人谈到，如果在无人机上安装一个摄像头，可以更容易地探测动物，那将是多么不可思议)”以及第五段““The drone really shaves off critical time so that the really badly hurt animals are able to be rescued,” Thron says. Once the scope picks up the “heat signature of an animal”, Thron turns a spotlight on the animal and zooms in on it, so he and the rescue crews can go and save the animal.(“无人机真的缩短了关键时间，所以真正严重受伤的动物能够获救，”Thron说。一旦瞄准镜捕捉到“动物的热信号”，Thron就把聚光灯对准动物并放大，这样他和救援人员就可以去救动物了)”可推知，Thron想到了利用红外摄像机和无人机救助动物的办法，可见他具有创造性。故选B。
C
As humanity has got richer, animal’s roles have changed. People need their services less than before. Fewer wolves and thieves meant less demand for dogs for protection; the internal combustion engine（内燃机）made horses unneeded; modern sanitation（卫生设备）kept rats in check and made cats less useful. No longer necessities, domestic animals became luxuries. Pet-keeping seems to kick in when household incomes rise above roughly $5,000. It is booming.
The trend is not a new one. Archaeologists（考古学家）have found 10000-year-old graves in which dogs and people are buried together. Some cultures -- such as in Scandinavia, where dogs have long been both working dogs and companions -- have kept pets for thousands of years. But these days the pet-keeping urge has spread even to parts of the world which have no tradition of sinking into a comfortable chair with a furry creature.
The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them. No longer are they food - waste - recyclers, fed with the remains that fall from their masters’ tables. Pet - food shelves are full of delicacies crafted to satisfy a range of appetites, including ice cream for dogs and foods for pets that are old, diabetic or suffer from sensitive digestion; a number of internet services offer food, tailored to the pet’s individual tastes.
In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Max. It is evident in the growing market for pet clothing, pet grooming and pet hotels.
People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy - dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions. It has worked. The species that once enslaved others now works very hard to pay for the care of its pets. Sentimental（多愁善感的）Americans often refer to themselves not as cat-owners but as the cat’s “mommy” or “daddy”. South Koreans go one further, describing themselves as cat “butlers”. Watch an unlucky dog-walker trailing “his” hound（猎犬）, plastic bag in hand to pick up its mess, and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?
8. Which of the following trends is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. People’s needs for animal services are decreasing.
B. Both the pet number and the pet business are growing.
C. Pets are increasingly making their owners less anxious.
D. Pet foods are more various and customized than before.
9. Which of the following is referred to as evidence of “pet humanization?”
A. The names given to pets in American families nowadays.
B. Pet’s inbuilt ability to affect emotions of their owners.
C. Human beings ever rising urge for pet-keeping.
D. Pet’s roles as both working staff and companions.
10. Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A. Pets should be treated as equals of their human masters.
B. Human beings are getting much benefit from their pets.
C. Pet-keeping is still restricted within certain parts of the world.
D. Some pet owners spend too much money on their pets.
11. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. The Changing Roles of Animals B. The Urge for Pet-keeping
C. Who Owns Whom D. Love Me, Love My Dog
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要抨击了如今人们养宠物的现象，一些人甚至已经沦为了宠物的奴隶。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People still assume that pets must be working for humanity in some way, perhaps making people healthier or less anxious. But the evidence for that is weak. Rather, new research suggests that dogs have evolved those irresistible “puppy - dog eyes” precisely to affect human emotions.”可知，人们仍然认为宠物必须以某种方式为人类工作，使人们更健康或更少焦虑，但这方面的证据并不充分，相反，新的研究表明狗狗进化出了那些不可抗拒的眼神，正是为了影响人类的情绪，因此“宠物越来越让主人不那么焦虑”这一说法是错误的，故C项正确。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the business this is called “pet humanisation” -- the tendency of pet owners to treat their pets as part of the family. This is evident in the names given to dogs, which have evolved from Fido, Rex and Spot to -- in America -- Bella, Lucy and Max.”可知，在这个行业中，这被称为“宠物人性化”——宠物主人将宠物视为家庭的一部分的趋势，这一点在给狗起的名字中很明显，狗的名字从菲多、雷克斯和斯波特演变成——在美国的贝拉、露西和麦克斯，因此，现在美国家庭给宠物起的名字可以作为宠物人性化的证据，故A项正确。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The pet business is growing even faster than pet numbers, because people are spending more and more money on them.”可知，宠物生意的增长速度甚至超过了宠物数量，因为人们在宠物身上花费的钱越来越多，由此可知，作者认为一些宠物主人在他们的宠物身上花了太多的钱，故D项正确。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据文章最后一句话“and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?”可知，本文主要抨击了如今人们养宠物的现象，一些人甚至已经沦为宠物的奴隶，故C项（谁是老大？）最适合做文章标题。
【点睛】文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度在于被选选项要具有高度的概括性，准确全面地体现出文章内容，因此抓住文章主题是关键，社会生活类文章通常作者会在文章最后表明自己的态度，而作者的态度一般即为文章主题，例如本篇第4题，通读全文，特别是根据文章最后一句话“and you have to wonder: who’s in charge now?”可知，本文主要抨击了如今人们养宠物的现象，一些人甚至已经沦为宠物的奴隶，这种现象不禁让人怀疑宠物和主人到底谁才是老大，言外之意，作者认为人们这种饲养宠物的方式是不可取的，故C项（谁是老大？）最适合做文章标题。
D
Wholesale prices for gas and electricity are increasing suddenly across Europe,raising the possibility of increases in already-high utility (公共事业）bills and further pain for people who have taken a financial hit fromCOVID-19.
Governments are struggling to find ways to limit costs to consumers as scant natural gas reserves present yet another potential problem, exposing the continent to even more price increases and possible shortages if it’s a cold winter.
In the U.K., many people will see their gas and electricity bills rise next month after the nation’s energy regulator approved a 12% price increase for those without contracts that lock in rates. Officials in Italy have warned that prices will increase by 40% for the quarter that will be billed in October.
There are multiple causes for the price increases, energy analysts say, including tight supplies of natural gas used to generate electricity, higher costs for permits to release carbon dioxide as part of Europe’s fight against climate change, and less supply from wind in some cases.
Analysts at S&P Global Platts say electricity prices have risen due to strong demand from places like data centers and electric cars, but above all because of the rise in the price of natural gas used in generating plants. Utility companies’ exposure to natural gas prices has increased as high-emission coal plants have been retired, while utilities face higher costs for carbon allowances required by the European Union’s emissions trading system, which is aimed at reducing emissions of greenhouse gases.
The tight gas market could bite even more sharply if there’s an unusually cold winter. That’s because European distributors did not refill reserves reduced during last winter as they typically had done in summer months. In March 2008, when the freeze named “the beast from the east” hit Europe, industrial users in the U.K got a notice that there was a risk of interruption, although it didn’t come to that.
Could Europe run out of gas? “The short answer is Yes, this is a real risk,” said James Huckstepp, an analyst at S&P Global Platts. “Storage stocks are at record lows and there isn’t currently any spare supply capacity that is exportable anywhere in the world.The longer answer is that it’s hard to predict how it will play out given that Europe has never run out of gas in two decades under the current distribution system.”
12. What does the underlined word “scant” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Total. B. Additional. C. Limited. D. Regular.
13. What has actually led to the rise of electricity prices?
A. The closure of some coal plants.
B. The great demand for electric cars.
C. The competition between utility companies.
D. The change in the emissions trading system.
14. Why could an unusually cold winter make the gas market tighter?
A. More natural gas will be needed for industrial use.
B. European distributors don’t make good preparations.
C. It is not easy to fill reserves during the cold weather.
D Utility companies work can be easily interrupted.
15. What can we learn from James Huckstepp’s words in the last paragraph?
A. Europe is expected to seek help from other countries.
B. It is hard to control the gas price in Europe at present.
C. Europe might face a serious shortage of gas in the future.
D. There’s something wrong with Europe’s distribution system.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欧洲天然气价格上涨，储量不足，未来可能面临严重的天然气短缺。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。通过画线词下文“exposing the continent to even more price increases and possible shortages if it’s a cold winter (这将使欧洲大陆面临更多的价格上涨，如果冬天寒冷，还可能出现天然气短缺。)”可推知，此处指天然气储量是有限的、不足的，所以很可能在欧洲大陆上造成天然气短缺。画线词“scant”意为“不足的、缺乏的”。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第五段“Utility companies’ exposure to natural gas prices has increased as high-emission coal plants have been retired, while utilities face higher costs for carbon allowances required by the European Union’s emissions trading system, which is aimed at reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. (随着高排放的燃煤电厂被淘汰，公用事业公司受到天然气价格的影响有所增加，同时，公用事业公司面临着欧盟碳排放交易体系要求的更高的碳排放额度成本，该体系旨在减少温室气体的排放)”可推知，一些燃煤电厂的关闭是导致电价上涨的主要原因。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“The tight gas market could bite even more sharply if there’s an unusually cold winter. That’s because European distributors did not refill reserves reduced during last winter as they typically had done in summer months. (如果今年冬天异常寒冷，供应紧张的天然气市场可能会受到更大的冲击。这是因为欧洲经销商没有像夏季那样补充去年冬季减少的库存)”可知，异常寒冷的冬天会让天然气市场变得更加紧张是因为欧洲经销商没有做好准备。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段James Huckstepp的话“The short answer is Yes, this is a real risk (简单的回答是肯定的，这是一个真正的风险)”以及“Storage stocks are at record lows and there isn’t currently any spare supply capacity that is exportable anywhere in the world. (库存处于历史最低水平，目前世界上任何地方都没有可供出口的备用供应能力)”可推知，欧洲的天然气储备不足，未来可能面临严重的天然气短缺。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether you’re an introvert or extrovert, quiet or loud.one of the keys to success in every area of your life is learning how to be more confident. Here are some things that can help you become more self-confident!
Train your brain. ___16___ Instead of immediately assuming you can’t accomplish something, believe you have what it takes to figure it out. Like Marie Forleo always says, “Everything is figureoutable.”
Watch your words. Whether you realize it or not, the words you speak shape your beliefs about yourself and what others believe about you. ___17___ The act of gossiping and putting others down always comes from a place of insecurity, so if you catch yourself wanting to say something sarcastic, redirect those thoughts to something better.
___18___ In her research, social psychologist Amy Cuddy found that confident people have higher levels of testosterone and that people’s levels of testosterone can rise simply by exhibiting a “high power pose.” we’ve all heard the phrase “Fake it till you make it,” but Amy took this a step further and said, “Fake it till you become it.”
Be secure. Being secure in who you are means that, although you might make a mistake or fail, you know you’re not a failure.___19___
Get experience. Nothing builds self-confidence like experience. After you’ve done: the thing once you’ve led the company meeting, published your first blog, or coached your first client-your confidence in your ability to do it again will soar. ___20___
A. Stay positive.
B. Change your body language.
C. That also goes for what we speak about others.
D. Just do it, and watch your confidence Lake off.
E. You have the power to be more confident within yourself.
F. You can learn how to be more confident in your mind.
G. It means someone might disagree with you, but it doesn’t shake you up.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活的每个方面成功的关键之一就是学会如何更加自信，并且介绍了一些可以帮助你变得更加自信的事情。
【16题详解】
根据主旨句“Train your brain.(训练你的大脑。)”可知此处说的是训练你的大脑的好处。所以F项“You can learn how to be more confident in your mind.（你可以学习如何在头脑中更加自信。）”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上一句“Whether you realize it or not, the words you speak shape your beliefs about yourself and what others believe about you. （不管你意识到与否，你所说的话塑造了你对自己的信念以及别人对你的看法。）”可知此处说的是注意言行。C项“That also goes for what we speak about others.（那也适用于我们所谈论的其他人。）”承上启下，that代指上文提到的注意言行。同时引出下文，后文“The act of gossiping and putting others down always comes from a place of insecurity, so if you catch yourself wanting to say something sarcastic, redirect those thoughts to something better.（八卦和贬低别人的行为总是来自一个不安全的地方，所以如果你发现自己想说一些讽刺的话，把这些想法转移到更好的事情上。）”说出了自己该怎么做。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“high power pose.（高能量姿势）”可知此处说的是肢体语言。所以B.Change your body language.(改变你的肢体语言。)，符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“ Being secure in who you are means that, although you might make a mistake or fail, you know you’re not a failure.（确保自己的安全意味着，尽管你可能会犯错或者失败，但你知道自己不是一个失败者。）”可知此处说的是坚定不移的态度，所以G项It means someone might disagree with you, but it doesn’t shake you up.（这意味着可能有人不同意你的观点，但这不会动摇你。）符合上下文，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Nothing builds self-confidence like experience. （没有什么比经验更能建立自信了。）”可知此处“self-confidence”是关键词。所以D.Just do it, and watch your confidence Lake off.(就这么做吧，看着你的自信起飞。)与上文一致。另外，“After you’ve done: the thing once you’ve led the company meeting, published your first blog, or coached your first client-your confidence in your ability to do it again will soar.（在你完成这些之后一旦你主持了公司会议，发表了你的第一个博客，或者指导了你的第一个客户，你对自己再次做到这些的能力的信心就会飙升。）”具体说了你做了一些事后获得了自信，D衔接更加自然，故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ashoka advocates a world where everyone is a change-maker. The ability to adapt to and____21____ change is essential for everyone to live well in a changing world. At the____22____of the Everyone a Change maker movement is a____23____to transform the way children and young people grow up so everyone has the power to create change for the____24____of all.
Rebecca’s family keep cattle, sheep and goats and depend on farming the land for food. At school, Rebecca’s teacher says, “We have had many days____25____ rain. Without plants to eat and water to drink, our animals die. “Everyone in the class is____26____. They are worried for their families, their animals, and their____27____.
At the school library, Rebecca searches for information about rain. She learns a new____28____: “Climate Change”. What can just one girl do to help the whole world? “It is a big problem for the earth,” her teacher explains. “But there are some things we can do to help, like planting trees to make____29____ stronger.” As Rebecca walks home, it is hot and she can’t stop thinking about the_____30_____ of rain. Then she has an idea!
“Let’s write a ltter to the President of Kenya,” Rebecca says. Rebecca takes the letter and shares it with her classmates. They each ask their families to_____31_____their name at the bottom to show their_____32_____.
Rebecca and her classmates share the_____33_____ of protecting the environment and practical steps to take_____34_____. Working hard for a better world, Rebecca says, “If I do succeed in my project, the world will be beautiful. The cattle will be fat, the children_____35_____well. Everyone can be a change- maker.” Rebecca is now thinking about what to do next for nature and her community.
21. A. force B. drive C. resist D. stand
22. A. beginning B. end C. moment D. heart
23. A. sight B. version C. virtue D. vision
24. A. earnings B. yield C. good D. right
25. A. without B. upon C. through D. beyond
26. A. peaceful B. excited C. quiet D. energetic
27. A. community B. group C. school D. kingdom
28. A. tendency B. technique C. target D. concept
29. A. climate B. mankind C. nature D. health
30. A. threat B. lack C. season D. kind
31. A. print B. sign C. spell D. change
32. A. support B. passion C. proposal D. power
33. A. emergency B. difficulty C. urgency D. hurry
34. A. actions B. advantages C. rests D. reactions
35. A. educated B. behaved C. beat D. fed
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一名叫Rebecca的学生采取行动，保护环境，改变世界的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：适应和推动变革的能力对于每个人在不断变化的世界中生活得更好至关重要。A. force强迫；B. drive驱动；C. resist抵抗；D. stand忍受。根据后文“everyone has the power to create change”可知，此处指驱动变革，推动变化。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个人的心中，变革创造者运动是一个改变儿童和年轻人成长方式的愿景，让每个人都有能力为所有人的利益创造改变。A. beginning开端；B. end结束；C. moment时刻；D. heart心脏，核心。根据后文“Everyone a Change maker movement”和“to transform the way”可知，变革运动的核心就是改变。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个人的心中，变革创造者运动是一个改变儿童和年轻人成长方式的愿景，让每个人都有能力为所有人的利益创造改变。A. sight景象，视觉；B. version版本，说法；C. virtue美德；D. vision视野，想象，愿景。根据后文“to transform the way children and young people grow up”可知，这是一种想象，一种愿景。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每个人的心中，变革创造者运动是一个改变儿童和年轻人成长方式的愿景，让每个人都有能力为所有人的利益创造改变。A. earnings收入；B. yield产量；C. good益处，好处；D. right正义，权利。根据语境和前文“for everyone to live well in a changing world”及最后一段中“Working hard for a better world”可知，变革的目的就是为了所有人生活的更好。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我们已经很多天没有下雨了。A. without没有；B. upon在上面；C. through通过；D. beyond超出。根据后文“Without plants to eat and water to drink, our animals die.”可知，很久没有下雨了。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：班上的每个人都寡言少语，没有心情说话。A. peaceful平静的，和平的；B. excited激动的；C. quiet安静的，寡言少语的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“They are worried for their families, their animals, and their____7____.”可知，由于担心，他们都寡言少语，没有心情说话。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们担心自己的家人、动物和社区。A. community社区；B. group群，组；C. school学校；D. kingdom王国。根据文章最后一句“Rebecca is now thinking about what to do next for nature and her community.”可知，他们在担心自己的社区。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她学到了一个新概念：“气候变化”。A. tendency趋势；B. technique技术；C. target目标；D. concept概念。根据前文“At the school library, Rebecca searches for information about rain.”及后文“Climate Change”可知，她在图书馆学到一个新的概念。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们可以做一些事情来帮助它们，比如植树使大自然更加强大。A. climate气候；B. mankind人类；C. nature自然；D. health健康。根据前文“planting trees”及文章最后一句“Rebecca is now thinking about what to do next for nature and her community.”可知，植树有利于改善环境，使大自然更加强大。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Rebecca走回家时，天很热，她无法停止思考缺少雨水的问题。A. threat威胁；B. lack缺乏；C. season季节；D. kind种类。根据对前文“We have had many days____5____ rain.”的分析可知，Rebecca在思考缺少雨水的问题。故选B项。
31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们每个人都要求他们的家人在底部签名，以表示他们的支持。A. print打印；B. sign签署；C. spell拼写；D. change改变。根据前文“Rebecca takes the letter and shares it with her classmates.”及后文“their name at the bottom”可知，他们要求家人在信上签名。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们每个人都要求他们的家人在底部签名，以表示他们的支持。A. support支持；B. passion激情；C. proposal提议；D. power力量。根据前文“They each ask their families to____11____their name at the bottom”可知，他们要求他家长签名，以表示支持。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rebecca和她的同学们分享了保护环境的紧迫性和采取行动的实际步骤。A. emergency紧急情况，突发事件；B. difficulty困难；C. urgency紧迫性；D. hurry匆忙。根据前文“It is a big problem for the earth”可知，气候变化对人们的影响很严重，是个大问题，保护环境刻不容缓，具有紧迫性。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rebecca和她的同学们分享了保护环境的紧迫性和采取行动的实际步骤。A. actions行动；B. advantages优势；C. rests剩余部分；D. reactions反应。根据语境和后文“If I do succeed in my project, the world will be beautiful.”可知，他们要采取行动保护环境。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛会长得很肥，孩子们会养得很好。A. educated教育；B. behaved行为，表现；C. beat打击，赢；D. fed饲养，养活。根据语境和前文“The cattle will be fat”可知，牛儿吃得好，孩子们也吃得很好（养得很好）。故选D项。
第II卷(满分55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China witnessed its third aircraft carrier on June 17 in Shanghai, naming it____36____the eastern coastal province of Fujian.
Upon its____37____ (complete), the giant ship will displace (排水) more than 80,000 metric tons of water,____38____(make) it the largest and mightiest warship any Asian nation has ever built. It will use____39____new system to launch fixed-wing aircraft, which will give it a much greater combat (作战) capability____40____ the two predecessors (前任), the Liaoning and the Shandong.
The carrier, in the next phase, will undergo a series of trials to____41____(comprehensive) test its overall capabilities and specific equipment. Its home port will be decided____42____ (base) on a host of factors, including the nation’s____43____(secure) needs, the ship’s tasks and candidate ports’ support capacity.
The PLA Navy currently operates two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong, both of____44____ have a displacement of around 50, 000 tons and use a ski jump mode for launching fixed wing aircraft. Compared with the two predecessors, the Fujian is much bigger and heavier. In addition to the J-15 fighter jet, the new carrier_____45_____ (expect) to have new advanced combat planes or drones.
【答案】36. after
37. completion
38. making 39. a
40. than 41. comprehensively
42. based 43. security
44. which 45. is expected to
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。从命名、规模、运行情况以及与“辽宁”号和“山东”号相比的优势等方面介绍了中国第三艘航母“福建”号。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：6月17日，中国在上海见证了第三艘航空母舰的诞生，以东部沿海省份福建的名字命名。根据句意可知，航空母舰以福建省命名。name…after…意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。故填after。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：竣工后，这艘巨轮将排水8万余吨，使其成为亚洲国家建造的最大最强的作战舰艇。根据空格前的“Upon its”可知，空格处需填入名词作宾语。complete意为“完全的，彻底的，完整的；使完整”，其名词形式为completion，意为“完成，竣工”，且表示该意思时为不可数名词。故填completion。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：竣工后，这艘巨轮将排水8万余吨，使其成为亚洲国家建造的最大最强的作战舰艇。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词形式作状语，且根据句意可知，make与句子之间为逻辑上主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填making。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它将使用一个新系统去发射固定翼飞机，这将带给它比前两任，“辽宁”号和“山东”号更强大的作战能力。根据“use____4____new system”可知，名词短语new system作动词use的宾语，且system为可数名词单数形式，故空格处需填入冠词起限定作用。结合句意，使用一个新型系统符合题意。new首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：它将使用一个新系统去发射固定翼飞机，这将带给它比前两任，“辽宁”号和“山东”号更强大的作战能力。根据句意以及形容词比较级“much greater”可知，这句话是在把“福建”号和它的前两任航母在作战能力方面作比较，than意为“比”，用来引出比较的对象。故填than。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：在下一阶段，该母舰将经历一些列试验来全面地测试它的整体性能和具体的设备。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来修饰动词test，故用副词修饰动词。comprehensive为形容词，意为“综合性的，全面的”。故填comprehensively。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的母港将基于一系列因素来决定，包括国家的安全需求，舰艇的任务和候选港口的支持能力。根据“on a host of factors”可知，base用作动词与介词on搭配，且空格前的“will be decided”作谓语，所以base应用非谓语的形式。base意为“以……为基础”，为及物动词，用于主动形式时，后必须接宾语，反之，后面无宾语，需用被动形式。故填based。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：它的母港将基于一系列因素来决定，包括国家的安全需求，舰艇的任务和候选港口的支持能力。根据句意可知，needs“需求”是关于国家安全的需求，故用名词“安全”作定语来修饰needs。secure意为“安全的，可靠的”，其名词形式为security。故填security。
【44题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：中国人民解放据海军目前运行两艘航母，“辽宁”号和“山东”号，这两艘排水量约5万吨，使用滑跃模式发射固定翼飞机。分析句子结构可知，空格所在句为非限制性定语从句，且空格处指代two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong，作介词of的宾语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：除了歼-15战斗机，这艘新的航母有望配备新型先进的作战飞机或无人机。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句子中作谓语，该句介绍的是客观事实，且主语the new carrier为第三人称单数，故谓语用一般现在时态，单三形式。expect意为“期待，预计，指望”与主语之间是被动关系，所以时态为被动语态。短语be expected to do意为“有望做……，被期待做……”。故填is expected to。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，马上要正式进入高三了，你很困惑，不知该如何调整心态及如何合理安排时间应对高考。请你写一封邮件给21世纪报编辑Max，向他求助。
内容包括: 1. 阐明写信事由；2. 征求建议；3. 表达感谢。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】Dear Max,
How are you doing? I am Li Hua. I am writing to ask for your help, hoping you can give me some valuable advice on the problems I am faced with.
With the senior year approaching, I am so puzzled because I don’t know how to welcome it. First of all, there will be more homework within limited time. How should I arrange my time properly to deal with it? What’s more, I can’t stay calm every time I think of the College Entrance Examination, which makes me so anxious that I can’t sleep well. What should I do to adjust my mindset?
I would appreciate it a lot if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给Max写求助信，希望他能对你的问题给予帮助，并表示感谢。
【详解】1.词汇积累
珍贵的：valuable → precious
临近：approach → get close
困惑的：puzzled → confused
处理：deal with → handle
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：With the senior year approaching, I am so puzzled because I don’t know how to welcome it.
拓展句：As the senior year approaches, I am so puzzled because I don’t know how to welcome it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to ask for your help, hoping you can give me some valuable advice on the problems I am faced with.（运用了现在分词hoping作状语及定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the senior year approaching, I am so puzzled because I don’t know how to welcome it.（运用了with+宾语+非谓语动词作宾补的复合结构）
【高分句型3】What’s more, I can’t stay calm every time I think of the College Entrance Examination, which makes me so anxious that I can’t sleep well.（运用了every time充当连词引导时间状语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句及so…that句型）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I wasn’t the most popular kid in my freshman year. I wasn’t into fashion, preferred reading to sports, had difficulty talking to boys. Therefore, the first year of high school hadn’t been kind to me.I had no close friends. I mostly kept to myself with my head buried in a book.
Ashley was very different from me. She was outspoken and fashionable. She was quite popular. These were qualities I knew nothing about. We had always been in the same classes throughout school, but had never talked much.
During summer school, we were both taking classes. The teacher paired us up on an assignment. We met at the library to work on the project and really got well. Of course, Ashley did most of the talking. When classes ended we continued to hang out.
I looked up to Ashley; she was all of the things I thought I wanted to be. I began listening to the music she listened to, wearing the clothes she wore. I quit reading and started watching the TV programs Ashley watched. I even tailored my sophomore (大二) year schedule to her interests. I decided to take art class even though I had really wanted to take theatre.
When we started school again, Ashley introduced me to her group of friends, the“cool girls.” She was the leader of their group. Finally I ft in. I followed them around, laughing when they told jokes, agreeing when they had opinions. I didn’t say much. I wouldn’t want them to think that I was being rude by disagreeing. This continued for several months.
One day, I overheard Ashley and her friends were talking about me.
“She’s such a loser,“ one girl said to the group.“Ashley, she just follows you around trying to be you. She copies you;she doesn’t have a personality of her own.”
Then Ashley replied,“I know, I wish she would leave us alone. We were in summer school together and now she thinks we’re best friends or something."
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I stood rooted to the spot, feeling mortified (受辱的) and heartbroken.
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Paragraph 2:
Hearing my mom ‘s advice, l decided I was going to stop crying and discover who I was.
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【答案】I stood rooted to the spot, feeling mortified and heartbroken. My hands were shaking, my face felt hot, and my eyes began to wet with uncontrollable tears. How had this happened? I thought we were friends. I didn’t know Ashley thought of me in that way. I couldn’t stay there and listen any more. I ran home and told my mother what had happened. She just held me while I sobbed for hours. After I calmed down, she patted my head and said gently, “Just be yourself and people will like you for who you are”
Hearing my mom’s advice, l decided I was going to stop crying and discover who I was. Ashley and I didn’t speak any more after that. Over the next month, I went through a lot of changes. I rediscovered reading, and developed my own opinions. I never again just followed the crowd. I dropped art class and joined theatre. I began making new friends who liked me for who I was. The friends I made in theatre are still my great friends to this day. When I look back, I consider it a gift. What they said about me was true. If I hadn’t been given the chance to realize it, I might have been too concerned with “fitting in” to experience some of the best times of my life.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在学校比较自卑，羡慕同学Ashley，亦步亦趋地学习模仿Ashley，结果受到Ashley和其他同学的嘲笑。作者发现后羞愧而难过，后来在妈妈的帮助下，发现自我，结交真实的朋友，走出困境的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我站在原地，感到羞愧并且难过地心碎。”可知，第一段可描写作者听到Ashley和其他人的对话后的难过心情以及作者的举动。
②由第二段首句内容“听了妈妈的建议，我决定停止哭泣，去发现自我。”可知，第二段可描写作者听了妈妈的建议后去发现自我的行动。
2.续写线索：不理解、失控的——跑回家——哭泣——改变——重新发现自我——美好生活
3.词汇激活行为类
①. 跑回家：run back home/return home
②. 哭泣：sob/cry/weep
③. 重新发现：rediscover/find again
情绪类
①.失控的：uncontrollable/out of control
②.美好时光：the best times /the good days
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I ran home and told my mother what had happened. (由what引导的名词性作从句作宾语)
[高分句型2]. I began making new friends who liked me for who I was. (由关系代词who引导限制性定语从句及连接代词who引导的宾语从句)