初中英语中考常考短语汇总（按字母顺序编排）

中考英语常考短语Aadvise 劝告；建议advise sb to do sth:The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.医生建议我休息几天。advise doing sth:I strongly advise buying the ticket at once.我强烈建议立刻买票。allow 允许allow sb / sth to do sth:People aren’t allowed to eat food on the underground in Nanjing.在南京，地铁上禁止人们吃东西。allow sb sth:My father allows himself three cigarettes a day.我爸爸给自己规定，一天抽三根烟。ask 询问；要求；请求ask sb sth:They see a lady. They ask her the way.他们看见一位女士，向她问路。ask (sb) about sth:They call me about twice a month to ask about my study.他们每个月给我打两次电话来询问我的学习情况。ask (sb) to do sth:Kate asks her father to stop smoking.凯特让她的父亲戒烟。ask (sb) for sth:Now I am writing to ask you for help.我现在写信请你帮忙。agree 同意；赞同agree to do sth:Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。● agree on 对……达成一致● agree to 赞同；赞成● agree with 同意；赞同Bbegin (began, begun) 开始；开始进行；开始出现begin doing / to do sth:Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。● to begin with 首先；第一believe 相信 it is believed + (that) 从句：It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.人们认为互联网有利也有弊。believe ... to be sth: She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。● believe in sb / sth 相信某人 / 某事物的存在● believe it or not 信不信由你borrow 借；借入borrow sth from sb: I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。break (broke, broken) 破碎，坏掉，打破，违反● break away (from) 离开 (……)；脱离 (……)● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障；垮掉；打破；消除；分解● break into 强行闯入；突然……起来● break off (使) 折断；中断● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发● break up (使) 破碎；(使) 破裂bring 带来；拿来bring sb / sth with sb:Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.别忘了随身带把伞。bring sb sth / bring sth for sb：Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us. 体育运动能让我们交到朋友。bring sb / sth to sth / sb: Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗？● bring about 引起；造成● bring along 带来；带上● bring back 把…带回来；使回忆起；使恢复● bring in 引入；赚得● bring out 把……拿出来；使表现出● bring up 抚养；养育；提出 (供讨论等)buy sb sth：I must buy myself a new sweater.我必须给自己买件新毛衣。buy sth for sb / sth：I want to buy a red rose for my mother. 我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。​Ccall 打电话；命名● call back 回电话● call off 取消● call on / upon 号召；要求● call up 打电话给care 在意；关心care about sth：As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.作为一名学生，注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。care about sb：He taught me to care about other people.他教我关心别人。● care for 照顾；照料catch (caught, caught) 抓住；捕捉；赶上；感染上；领会● be / get caught in 处于困境；遭遇● catch a cold 感冒● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意● catch up (with) 赶上；追上change 改变；更换change (from sth) to / into sth:The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。change sb / sth into / to sth:It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。change sth with sb:Can I change seats with you?我可以和您换下座位吗？change sb / sth (for sb / sth)：This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.这件衬衫太小了，我得换一件大点的。choose (chose, chosen) 选择；挑选choose (sb) to do sth:Half of the students choose to go to big cities.一半的学生选择去大城市。choose sb as / for / to be:They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.他们选了罗伊当班长。come (came, come) 来；来到；到来；达到；处于come to do sth:Many people came to watch the birds.许多人前来看鸟。● come across 偶然遇到；碰见● come along 跟着来；出现● come back 回来● come by 顺路拜访● come down 下来；下降● come down with 染上● come from 出生于；来自；产自● come in 进来● come on 快点；加油● come out 出版；发行● come out of 从……出来● come over 来访；拜访● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人)；靠近 (某人)● come up with 想出；提出● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面；说到 (做) 某事compare 对比；比较compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较：Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.与飞信相比，现在微信更受欢迎。consider 考虑；认为consider doing sth:Have you ever considered studying abroad?你考虑过出国留学吗？consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb / sth / adj :He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。consider it + adj / n + to do sth:Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。continue 继续；持续；延续continue doing / to do sth:If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，问题只会变得更严重。She continued to work after her long vacation.长假过后她又继续工作了。cost (cost, cost) 价钱为；(使) 花费cost (sb) sth:The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.这本字典没花我很多钱。cost sth to do sth:It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.进入游泳池要花费20元。cut (cut, cut) 切；割；剪；砍；割伤；剪短；削减；减少● cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减● cut in line 插队● cut off 切掉；切断● cut out 剪下；(从文字作品、文章中)删掉；剪出● cut up 切碎；割碎Ddecide 决定；选定decide to do sth:He decided to be a firefighter.他决定当一名消防员。● decide on / upon 决定；选定depend 依靠；依赖；取决于depend on 依靠；依赖；由……决定；取决于Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久？— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况。discuss 讨论；商议discuss sth with sb Discuss the questions with your partner.与你的搭档讨论这些问题。dream (dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦；梦想dream about / of sb / sth: I dreamed of / about him last night.我昨晚梦见他了。dream about / of (doing) sth: He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.他一直梦想成为一名警官。dress (给……) 穿衣服；穿……的衣服dress sb (in sth): Can you dress the babies for me?你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗？● get dressed 穿好衣服● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装；(给……) 乔装打扮Eeducate 教育；教导；培养educate sb to do sth:The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.为了教育大家保护我们的星球，1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。encourage 鼓励encourage sb to do sth: Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。enjoy 喜欢；享受 enjoy doing sth: Kids there really enjoy playing football. 那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。 ● enjoy oneself 过得开心；玩得愉快expect 预料；期望；指望 expect (sb / sth) to do sth:You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。explain 解释explain (sth) to sb:The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法，直到我弄懂为止。explain (to sb) + wh- to do:I can explain how to do it.我可以解释怎么做。● explain oneself 说明自己的意思；为自己的行为解释Ffail 失败；不能；未能fail to do sth:He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.他看上去大不一样，结果他们没认出他来。fear 害怕；畏惧fear to do / doing sth:My daughter fears to speak in public.我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。She fears walking alone at night.她不敢在夜间独自行走。feel sb / sth doing sth:I felt a hand touching my shoulder.我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。feel sb / sth do sth:I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。feel it ... to do sth:I feel it necessary to tell her about it.我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物；想做某事● feel at home 感觉自在；无拘束find (found, found) 找到；找回；发现；认为find sb sth / find sth for sb:Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?你能帮我找回包吗？find sb / sth doing sth:It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.人们经常看到她在读报。find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.在新加坡，你会发现很多来自中国的食品。find sth + adj / n:I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.我喜欢学英语，并且认为语法非常简单。find it + adj / n (to do sth):I find it hard to speak English.我觉得讲英语很难。find out 查明；弄清 (情况)① find out + wh- to do② find out + (that) / wh-从句finish 结束；完成finish doing sth:I finished cleaning the living room.我打扫完客厅了。fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合fit in (with) 适合；(与……) 合得来；适应：I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.我是这个学校的新生，还不是很适应。force 强迫；迫使force sb to do sth:You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。focus 集中；聚焦focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于；聚焦 (……) 于：Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.请平静下来，把注意力集中在试卷上。forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记forget doing sth 忘记做过某事：I forgot telling her the news.我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。forget to do sth 忘记要做某事：Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。G​get (got, got / gotten) 得到；带来；到达；变得；说服；开始；渐渐get sb / sth doing sth:Can you really get that old car going again?你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗？get sb / sth to do sth: I got him to change his idea.我说服他改变了主意。get sth done: I’ll go and get my hair cut. 我打算去理发。get sth + adj : He got his clothes wet.他把衣服弄湿了。get doing sth: He got talking to a woman on the bus. 他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。get to do sth:After a while, I got to like him.过了一会儿，我开始喜欢他了。● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽；进展● get away (from) 离开；摆脱● get back 回来；返回；取回● get down (从……) 下来● get in 进入；(飞机、火车等) 抵达● get into 进入；陷入；养成 (习惯)● get off 下车；脱下 (衣服等)● get on 上车 / 马上● get out (of) (从……) 出去；离开；摆脱● get over 越过 (墙等)；克服 (困难等)● get through 通过；(电话) 打通● get together 聚集；相聚一处● get up 起床；起立give (gave, given) 给；递给；赠予give sb sth / give sth to sb:I give my friends the red rose.=I give the red rose to my friends.我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。give sb sth / give sth to sb:Can you give me some advice?=Can you give some advice to me?你能给我一些建议吗？　　　● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱。● give a call 打个电话● give a talk / speech 发表演讲● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会● give away 送掉；赠送；泄露● give back 归还● give in 让步；屈服● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)● give out 分发● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)go (went, gone) 走；做● be going to do sthI’m going to study science.我打算学理科。 I think it’s going to rain.我想，要下雨了。● go onWhat is going on here? 这里发生了什么事？The concert went on for hours.音乐会进行了几个小时。① go on with sth: He must go on with his studies.他必须继续他的学业。② go on doing sth: He was too tired to go on working. 他太累了，不能继续工作。③ go on to do sth: After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.爬完长城后，他们接着去参观了颐和园。● go about 从事；忙于；开始做● go after 跟随 (follow)；追赶● go against 违反；违背● go ahead 开始做 / 进行；[用于祈使句] 请吧；说吧；做吧● go around / round 四处走动● go away 走开；离开；外出● go back (to) 回去● go by 过去；走过● go down 下去；下落；下降● go for 努力获取● go in for 参加；从事● go off 离去；发出声响；爆炸；(机器或设备) 停止运转● go out 出去；外出；(灯火等) 熄灭● go over 仔细检查；温习● go through 穿过；经历；通过；仔细检查● go up (温度、价格等) 上升；增长● go with 陪……一起去；与……相配● go without 没有……也行● go wrong 出毛病；失败