2023年中考英语语法指导：倒装句型及考点探究

这是一份2023年中考英语语法指导：倒装句型及考点探究，共10页。试卷主要包含了 倒装句之全部倒装，倒装句之部分倒装等内容，欢迎下载使用。
全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1）here,there,nw,then,thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be,cme,g,lie,run.
There ges the bell.
Then came the chairman.
Here is yur letter.
2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out rushed a missile frm under the bmber.
Ahead sat an ld wman.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Here he cmes. Away they went.
二、倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词d，des或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如n,nt,never,seldm,little,hardly,at n time,in n way,nt until… 等。
Never have I seen such a perfrmance.
Nwhere will yu find the answer t this questin.
Nt until the child fell asleep did the mther leave the rm.
当Nt until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I have never seen such a perfrmance.
The mther didn‘t leave the rm until the child fell asleep.
倒装句的考点探究
考点一：否定词提前倒装
否定词用于句首时,句子应进行部分倒装
否定词常用的有：
Nt nly…(but als), Nt until(直到…..才),N sner….(than)(一…..就) Never/ Rarely/Seldm,Hardly/Scarcely… (when) Few/Little
Neither/Nr (也不),At n time,Under n circumstances(决不),On n accunt (决不),In n way
其中nt nly, n sner, hardly, scarcely 分别和but (als), than, when搭配使用,需注意：后一组词之后的部分不进行倒装,只有否定词之后的部分倒装
如：Hardly had I arrived hme when it began t rain.
Nt nly was he able t enter the final rund f the cntest, but he came ut first as well.
N sner had I gt any chance t speak than the clerk slammed the dr in my face.
Seldm des he travel abut.
Under n circumstances shuld yu betray yur wn cuntry.
此类倒装句一般出现在填空题中,需填入的是倒装部分,只要在句首见到上述的词,就应条件反射的想到用倒装句
考点二：介词、分词词组提前倒装
当句子没有宾语,且主语偏长时,往往将句中作状语的介词短语或作表语的形容词短语或作表语的分词短语提至句首,引起主谓的全部倒装
如：In the middle f the river flated the cluster f plants that she had cast.
Characteristic f an anarchist was her strng ppsitin t the gvernment, which she had blamed fr all the scial injustices.
Lying n the grassland is a pretty girl in her early twenties.
考点三：副词提前倒装
副词提至句首引起倒装,可分以下几种情况：
1. nly + 副词(when, befre, if, after等)或nly+介词状语(由in, under, by, n, after等引导)提前,必须部分倒装
如：Only then did he realize hw stupid he had been.
Only after entering the stre did Arthur realize that there was danger.
Only in the library can she cncentrate n her study.
2. ften, such, s等副词提前,部分倒装
如: S diligently did he wrk that he gt hight scres n the final exam.
=He wrked s diligently that he gt hight scres n the final exam.
Such was his wish that the wrld wuld stay away frm war frever.
Often did we g n a hliday in ht summer.
注意,s的另一种倒装是表示“也…”
Califrnia relies heavily n incme frm crps, and s des Flrida.加利福尼亚过多的依赖于来自农作物的收入,佛罗里达也是这样。
同理,体会一下neither, nr的倒装
He can't dance, neither/nr can I.= I can't, either.他不会跳舞,我也不会。
3. in, ut, dwn, up, away, ff, here, there, ver等副词提前,全部倒装
如：Off gt the staggering gentlemen.
Here are the phts I tk at the seaside.
考点四：疑问倒装
疑问句需部分倒装语序,由于经常用到不会成为考试的难点.
如：What part did he play in Hamlet?
D yu prefer tea r cffee?
倒装句知识点：涉及否定的部分倒装
按英语习惯，当never, hardly, seldm, little, few, nt until, nt, n, n sner, by n means, under n circumstances等否定词置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。如：
Never did I see him again.
后来我再也没见到过他了。
Little did I dream that the girl was my niece.
我做梦也没想到那女孩是我的侄女。
Seldm des he g ut fr dinner.
他很少出去吃饭。
Hardly des she have time t listen t music.
他几乎没时间听音乐。
N sner had we reached the airprt than the plane tk ff.
我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。
Nt until we lse ur health d we realize its value.
等到失去了健康，才明白它的价值。
N sner had she agreed t marry him than she started t have terrible dubts.
她刚同意嫁给他她就开始产生可怕的疑虑。
Under n circumstances are children allwed in the bar.
在任何情况下也不能允许儿童进酒吧。
倒装句知识点：否定副词之后的倒装
否定或近似否定副词(往往是时间或频度副词，如never, rarely, seldm)，或是具有否定作用的副词，如 little, n n accunt 等。如：
Never / Seldm has there been s much prtest against the Bmb.
这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动从未 / 很少 / 有过。
Little des he realize hw imprtant this meeting is.
他对这个会议的重要性不甚了了。
On n accunt must yu accept any mney if he ffers it.
他如要给你钱，你可绝不能接受。
当这种副词不在句首时，当然应该用正常词序：
There has never / seldm been s much prtest against the Bmb.
从未 / 很少发生过这么强烈的反对原子弹的抗议活动。
He little realizes hw imprtant this meeting is.
他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。
另外，有些含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后也要用倒装。如：
In n case shuld yu give up. 你绝不能放弃。
On n cnditin shuld we tell her abut it. 我们绝不能把此事告诉她。
On n accunts must this switch be tuched.这个开关是绝 不能触摸的。
In [Under] n circumstances will I lend mney t him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。
Under n circumstances shuld yu lend him any mney. 你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。
N way will I g n wrking fr that man. 我不再给那个人工作了。
倒装句巩固练习题1（含讲解）
赶紧开始做下面的测试题吧！！
1.I finally gt the jb I dreamed abut．Never in my life_____ I felt s happy．
答案：had
【答案详解】
句意：我最终得到了我梦想的工作，我一生中从没这么高兴过。否定词never放在句首，句子部分倒装；结合前句的过去式及never in all my life可知，这里要用过去完成时，所以填助动词had。
2. Only by practising a few hurs every day _______yu be able t play the pian well．
答案：will
【答案详解】句意；只有每天练习几个小时，你才能把钢琴弹好。nly修饰状语位于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。根据every day提示可知，这里要填助动词will。
3.We have been tld that under n circumstances ______we use the telephne in the ffice fr persnal affairs．
答案：can
【答案详解】 句意：我们被告知在任何情况下都不能使用办公电话聊私事。考查倒装。under n circumstances为否定短语，放在句首，后面的句子应用部分倒装形式。
4.Peple planning trips hme used t believe that nly thrugh the railway’s telephne ticket htline ______they get their tickets efficiently．
答案：culd
【答案详解】句意：计划回家的人们过去常常相信只有通过铁路订票电话热线他们才能高效地买到票。考查“nly+介词短语+部分倒装”用法。
5. On the tp f the muntain ______（stand）an ld temple，dating frm the 14th century．
答案：stands
【答案详解】句意：在这座山的山顶上矗立着一座古庙，这座庙可追溯到14世纪。表示地点的状语置于句首且主语是名词，故句子应该用完全倒装结构。此处谓语动词应该用单三形式且时态应为一般现在时，故填stands。