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Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation (知识清单)人教新目标(Go For It)八年级英语上册
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这是一份Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation (知识清单)人教新目标(Go For It)八年级英语上册,共29页。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重要知识点清单
思维导图
知识列表
课标单词
1. ___________pron.任何人
2. ___________adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方
3. __________adj.精彩的;极好的
4. ___________adj.很少的;n.少量
5. ___________adj.最多的;大多数的;
6. ___________pron.某事物;
7. ___________ pron.没有什么n.没有
8. ___________pron.我自己
9. ___________pron.每人;人人
10. ___________pron.你自己;你亲自
11. ___________n.母鸡;雌禽
12. ___________adj.无聊的;厌烦的; 郁闷的
13. ___________n.猪
14. ___________n.日记;日记簿
15. ___________vi.似乎;好像
16. ___________pron.某人;有人
17. ___________n.活动;活跃
18. ___________v.决定;选定
19. ___________v.尝试;设法;努力
20. ___________n.鸟;禽
21. ___________n.空中滑翔跳伞
22. ___________n.自行车
23. ___________n.建筑物
24. ___________v.惊奇;想知道;怀疑
25. ___________n.差异;不同
26. ___________n.顶部;顶
27. ___________v.等;等待(wait for)
28. ___________adj.湿的;雨天的
29. ___________prep.低于;在...下面 adv.在下面
30. ___________conj.如同;像...一样
31. ___________adj.足够的adv.足够地;充分地
32. ___________n.鸭肉;鸭
33. ___________ (反full) adj.饥饿的;渴望的
34. ___________v.不喜欢;厌恶 n.不喜爱;厌恶;反感
目标语块
1. ______________________去度假
2. ______________________待在家里
3. ______________________去爬山
4. ______________________去海滩
5. ______________________参观博物馆
6. ______________________去参加夏令营
7. _________________________相当多
8. ______________________大部分时间
9. ______________________尝起来很好吃
10. ______________________玩得高兴
11. ______________________当然
12. ______________________给……的感觉;感受到
13. ______________________去购物
14. ______________________在过去
15. ______________________四处走走
16. ______________________因为
17. ______________________一碗……
18. ______________________第二天
19. ______________________找出; 查明
20. ______________________照相
21. ______________________重要的事
22. ______________________上上下下
23. ______________________出来
24. ______________________除了……之外什么都没有
25. ______________________到达某地(大地方)
26. ______________________到达某地(小地方)
27. ______________________决定去做某事
28. ______________________尝试做某事
29. ______________________尽力去做某事
30. ______________________忘记做过某事
31. ______________________忘记做某事
32. ______________________喜欢做某事
33. ______________________继续做某事
34. ______________________告诉某人(不要)做某事
35. ______________________为什么不做……呢?
36. ______________________如此……以至于……
常考句型
1. ________________________________ 你和谁出去过吗?
2. ________________________________你买了什么特别的东西吗?
3. ________________________________你喜欢它吗?
4. ________________________________你为什么不为自己买任何东西?
5. ________________________________似乎没有人感到无聊。
6. ________________________________我觉得自己是一只鸟。
7. ________________________________
我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。
8. ________________________________我真的很喜欢在城里散步。
9. ________________________________ 一天是多么的不同!
10. ____________________________________________________
由于天气恶劣,我们看不到下面任何东西。
重点语法
复合不定代词
一般过去时
话题写作
假期活动
【答案】
课标单词
1. anyone pron.任何人
2. anywhere adv.任何地方
n.任何(一个)地方
3. wonderful adj.精彩的;极好的
4. few adj.很少的;n.少量
5. most adj.最多的;大多数的;
6. something pron.某事物;
7. nothing pron.没有什么n.没有
8. myself pron.我自己
9. everyone pron.每人;人人
10. yourself pron.你自己;你亲自
11. hen n.母鸡;雌禽
12. bored adj.无聊的;厌烦的;郁闷的
13. pig n.猪
14. diary n.日记;日记簿
15. seem vi.似乎;好像
16. someone pron.某人;有人
17. activity n.活动;活跃
18. decide v.决定;选定
19. try v.尝试;设法;努力
20. bird n.鸟;禽
21. paragliding n.空中滑翔跳伞
22. bicycle n.自行车
23. building n.建筑物
24. wonder v.惊奇;想知道;怀疑
25. difference n.差异;不同
26. top n.顶部;顶
27. wait v.等;等待(wait for)
28. wet adj.湿的;雨天的
29. below prep.低于;在...下面adv.在下面
30. as conj.如同;像...一样
31. enough adj.足够的
adv.足够地;充分地
32. duck n.鸭肉;鸭
33. hungry(反full) adj.饥饿的;渴望的
34. dislike v.不喜欢;厌恶
n.不喜爱;厌恶;反感
目标语块
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. stay at home 待在家里
3. go to the mountains 去爬山
4. go to the beach 去海滩
5. visit museums 参观博物馆
6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营
7. quite a few 相当多
8. most of the time 大部分时间
9. taste good 尝起来很好吃
10. have a good time 玩得高兴
11. of course 当然
12. feel like 给……的感觉;感受到
13. go shopping 去购物
14. in the past 在过去
15. walk around 四处走走
16. because of 因为
17. one bowl of… 一碗……
18. the next day 第二天
19. find out 找出; 查明
20. take photos 照相
21. something important 重要的事
22. up and down 上上下下
23. come up 出来
24. nothing…but 除…之外什么都没有
25. arrive in 到达某地(大地点)
26. arrive at 到达某地(小地点)
27. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
28. try doing sth. 尝试做某事
29. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
30. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/
31. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事
32. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
33. keep doing sth. 继续做某事
34. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)
做某事
35. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做……呢?
36. so…..that 如此……以至于……
常考句型
1. Did you go out with anyone? 你和谁出去过吗?
2. Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?
3. How did you like it? 你喜欢它吗?
4. Why don't you buy anything for yourself? 你为什么不为自己买任何东西?
5. Still no one seemed to be bored. 似乎没有人感到无聊。
6. I felt like I was a bird. 我觉得自己是一只鸟。
7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。
8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在城里散步。
9. What a difference a day makes! 一天是多么的不同!
10. And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything below.
由于天气恶劣,我们看不到下面任何东西。
知识清单
【精讲01 词汇】
►►► anyone(pron.)任何人
anyone是指人的复合不定代词,在句中可作主语或宾语,一般用在否定句或疑问句中.
当它被形容词修饰时,形容词要位于其后.
Anyone could win tonight.今晚任何人都可能赢.
Did you meet anyone interesting at the party? 你在聚会上遇见有趣的人吗?
【拓展】
someone也是由-one构成的复合不定代词.someone意为"某人;有人",通常用在肯定句中.
someone可以用somebody替换,anyone可以用anybody替换.
someone作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式.
I don't know how to solve the problem. You can ask someone else for help.我不知道怎样解决这个问题.
►►►2. anywhere(adv.)在任何地方
anywhere是由any和where构成的复合不定副词,通常用在否定句或疑问句中.
当形容词修饰anywhere时,形容词要位于其后.
Did you go anywhere interesting with your classmates?你和你的同班同学一起去有趣的地方了吗?
I couldn't find my keys anywhere.我在任何地方都找不到我的钥匙.
【拓展】
somewhere(adv.)在某处; anywhere(adv.)在任何地方;
nowhere(adv.)任何地方都不; everywhere(adv.)到处;处处
I left my book somewhere near here.我把我的书落在附近某处了.
He stayed at home all day because he had nowhere to go.他一整天都待在家里,因为他无处可去.
I'm looking for my wallet everywhere.我正在到处找我的钱包.
►►► 3.few(adj.&pron.) 不多; 很少.
few作形容词时,用来修饰可数名词.little用来修饰不可数名词。
Few people can live up to be 100.很少有人活到一百岁.
Few of his classmates knew the truth.他的同班同学中很少有人知道这个真相.
【辨析】few 、a few、 little 和 a little
Tom has little money, but few students want to help him.汤姆几乎没有钱了,但是几乎没有学生想帮助他.
There is a little milk and a few apples at home.家里有一点儿牛奶和几个苹果.
【典例分析】用few, a few, little, a little填空
①There are apples, so I don't have to go to the market.
②There are apples, so I have to go to the market.
③There is milk left, so I have to go to the market.
【答案】① a few ②few ③ little
【①详解】句意:还有一些苹果,所以我没必要去超市。由句意可知,还有一些苹果,表示肯定含义;且apples是可数名词需要few/a few来修饰,再结合句意“可数+肯定”,可知要用a few. 故填a few.
【②详解】句意:几乎没有苹果了,所以我不得不去超市。由句意可知,几乎没有苹果了,表示否定含义; 且apples是可数名词复数,需要用few/a few来修饰,再结合句意“可数+否定”,可知要用few.故填 few.
【③详解】句意: 牛奶几乎没有了,所以我不得不去超市。由句意可知几乎没有牛奶了,表示否定含义;且milk为不可数名词,需要little/a little来修饰,再结合句意“不可数+否定”,可知需要用little.故填little.
►►►4.something(pron.)某事,某物
something是由some和thing构成的复合不定代词,通常用在肯定句中.
当形容词修饰something, anything等复合不定代词时,形容词要位于其后.
I bought something for my father.我给爸爸买了一些东西.
【辨析】
易混词
意义
用法
something
表示"某事;某物"
通常用在肯定句中,
还可以用在表示请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中.
anything
表示"任何事;任何物"
通常用在否定句或疑问句中,
还可以用在条件状语从句中.
nothing
表示"没有什么"
否定词,相当于"not...anything"。
everything
表示"每件事;所有事;一切"
用于肯定句中。
【拓展】当something, anything, nothing, everything作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式.
If something happens to you, I'll come to help you at once.假如你发生了什么事,我会立刻来帮助你.
►►►5. bored(adj)厌倦的,烦闷的
boring(adj)令人感到厌烦的,常修饰物;
bored修饰人,表示人的感情.
They talk to me about the singer all day. I feel very bored.
The movie is so boring, so I feel so bored.
【辨析】bored和boring
易混词
意义
用法
bored
adj . 厌倦的
形容人的心理状态。
作表语,通常修饰或描述人。
boring
adj . 令人厌倦的
强调事物本身的性质。
作表语或定语,通常修饰或描述事或物。
【拓展】类似的词
-ing形容词
-ed形容词
例句
surprising
surprised
I was surprised at the surprising story.
exciting
excited
I was excited about the exciting news.
tiring
tired
The speech was very tiring. Are you tired of it?
interesting
interested
I'm interested in the interesting story.
总结
以-ing结尾的形容词常修饰物,
以-ed结尾的形容词常修饰人
【典例分析】-用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
【答案】excited
【详解】 “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
【答案】exciting
【详解】 “ing”的形容词,用来修饰物的形容词。
3. Steve often plays the same________(bored)game, but he is never getting ________ (bored)with it.
【答案】boring; bored
【详解】 句意:Steve常常玩这个相同无聊的游戏,但是他对这个游戏从来不感到无聊。形容词+ing,修饰物,表示“令人…”;形容词+ed,修饰人,表示“感到…”;第一个空格是修饰game,所以填boring;第二个空格是修饰he,所以填bored.故填boring; bored.
►►►6.myself(pron)我自己;我本人
I learnt swimming all by myself.
I looked at myself in the mirror.
【拓展】
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself, herself, itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
【典例分析】---用所给词的适当形式填空或根据句意用合适的反身代词填空。
①My sister is too young, so she can't look after (she).
②Your sister is too young, so you should look after (she).
③ Please help to some fish.
④ The girls enjoyed in the party.
【答案】①herself ②her ③ yourself/yourselves④ herself
【①详解】 句意:我的妹妹太年轻了,所以她不能够照顾她自己。句中look after后的宾语与主语she为同一所指,因此使用she的反身代词herself.故填herself.
【②详解】 句意:你的妹妹太年轻了,所以你应该照顾她。句中look after后的宾语与主语she为不同所指,指的是两个不同的人,因此使用she的宾格her.故填her.
【③详解】句意:请随意吃一些鱼。随便吃,随便享用“help oneself to”.由句意可知是让对方随便吃,随便享用。对方就是you,反身代词为yourself/yourselves.故填yourself/yourselves.
【④详解】句意:那些女孩在派对上玩得很开心。玩得开心“enjoy oneself”,句中主语为the girls,因此用themselves.故填themselves.
►►► 7.try 尝试
【典例分析】—This dress is expensive but beautiful, and you can have a ________.
—OK. Thank you.
A.buy B.see C.want D.try
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这件连衣裙很贵但很漂亮,你可以试一下。——好的,谢谢。
考查词义辨析。buy买;see看见;want想;try尝试。 have a try试一试,尝试一下;固定词组,try在此处是名词,故选D。
►►►8. decide(v.)决定;选定
常用短语:decide to do sth.意为"决定做某事".
It was sunny and hot , so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
天气晴朗而且炎热,因此我们决定去我们宾馆附近的海滩.
【拓展】
decide的名词形式为decision,意为"决定",常构成短语make a decision,意为"作出决定".
【典例分析】He decided (climb)the mountains.
【答案】to climb
【详解】 句意:他决定去爬山。考查decide的用法,决定做某事:decide to do sth.故填to climb.
►►►9. difference(n.)差别;差异
difference可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词.
make a difference(to...)表示"(对....)产生影响;(对....)起作用".
make no difference表示"对.....没有影响".
It's easy to tell the differences between the two pictures.要辨别这两幅图的差异是很容易的.
There's not much difference in price between the two computers.这两台计算机的价格没多大差别.
The rain didn't make a difference to the match.这场雨对比赛没有产生影响.
Their hobbies are different from mine.他们的爱好与我的不同.
【拓展】
【典例分析】-用所给词的适当形式填空
Can you tell me some (different)between the two pictures?
【答案】differences
【详解】 句意:你能告诉我两张照片之间的一些差别吗?根据句意可知要用different的名词形式difference, some修饰difference,要用复数形式differences.故填differences.
►►►10. enough(adj.&adv.) 足够的(地); 充足的(地); 充分的(地)
【典例分析】 ①.—Did you get the present?
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
【答案】
【详解】B 句意:——你得到礼品了吗?——没有,我到的足够早,但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……,固定搭配,early是副词,所以用early enough,排除A、D。enough+名词,固定搭配,presents是名词,所以用enough presents,故选B。
②.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
【答案】D
【详解】形容词/副词+enough for sb”对某人来说足够…. 这里enough修饰副词同样放在副词后面。故用D
③. Tom is old enough (carry)the box.( 用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to carry
【详解】 句意:汤姆年龄足够大去搬运这个箱子。本题考察enough的用法,enough后跟动词,要用不定式形式。故填to carry.
►►► 11. forget v.忘记
forget to do sth.
忘记做某事
(事情还没做)
Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
forget doing sth.
忘记做了某事
(事情已经做了)
I forgot borrowing some money from you.
我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
①.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
【解析】此题用固定搭配法。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”,forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”。
②.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
【解析】borrowing forget doing sth.忘了做过某事。
►►► 12. wait 作为动词,意为“等待”。
【典例分析】 ①.My parents said that they would come to visit me .I couldn’t _____ to see them after several months away from home .
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
【解析】考查动词辨析。语境表示,“我”父母说他们要来看“我”,“我”迫不及待地想看到他们。can't/couldn't wait to do sth.为固定短语,意为“迫不及待做某事”,符合题意。故选A。
②.—Why are you late for school today?
—I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to____ the next one.
A.wait for B.ask for C.care for D. look for
【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。由交际情境可知,“我”上学迟到了。因为“我”没有赶上早班车,所以“我”必须等下一班车。wait for“等候”,ask for“请求,征求”,care for“关心、照顾、喜欢”。故选A。
►►► 13. seem
【典例分析】 ①.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.
A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在那一刻,琼看起来好像没有机会成为一名教师。看起来好像…“It seems that+从句”固定句型;根据句中的had可知时态应用一般过去时,结合选项,故答案选C。
②.Linda seems___________ (know)the answer.
【答案】to know
【详解】句意:Linda似乎知道答案。括号内单词know为动词,再结合前面seems,构成“seem to do sth.似乎好像做某事”,故填to know.
【精讲02 短语】
►►► 1. arrived in
arrive in/at意为到达,
其中arrive in后接大地方;arrive at后接小地方.
Tom arrived in Hangzhou yesterday. And he arrived at a bus stop at 3:00pm.
【拓展】表示"到达"的短语和词汇还有get to, reach
My uncle arrived at my home yesterday.
=My uncle got to my home yesterday.
=My uncle reached my home yesterday.
【典例分析】
It's too crowed on the street, so they don't the hotel(旅馆)on time.
A. reach B. arrive C. get D. arrive in
【答案】A
【详解】 句意:大街上太拥挤了,所以他们没有准时到达旅馆。考查reach,arrive in/at,get to的用法区别。C选项get意为得到,不符合题意。D选项arrive in后接大地方,句中hotel旅馆是小地方,不符合题意。B选项arrive后接地点须跟冠词in/at,不符合题意。A选项reach后直接跟地点。故选A.
►►► 2. too much
【辨析】so many,so much,too many, too much和much too
易混词
用法
例句
so many
如此多,
后接可数名词复数
There are so many people in the street.
大街上有如此多的人。
so much
如此多,
后接不可数名词
We make so much pollution every day.
我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many
太多,后接可数名词复数
You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much
太多,后接不可数名词
There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too
太,过于,
后接形容词或副词
It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it.
房间里太吵了,我受不了了。
【典例分析】 ①.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。
②.I have ____________ homework to do and I’m _______ tired now.
A. much too; too much B. too much; too much
C. too much; much too D. much too; much too
【答案】C
【解析】句意: 我有太多的家庭作业要做,而且现在我太累了。
考查短语。much too 太,后面跟形容词或副词;too much 太多,后跟不可数名词。这里homework是不可数名词,用too much修饰。tired累的,形容词。用much too修饰,故选C。
►►► 3. because of
【辨析】because与because of
易混词
用法
例句
because
引导原因状语从句,
通常用来回答why提出的问题,
与so不能同时使用
I did it because they asked me to do it!
我做这件事是因为他们让我做!
—Why didn’t you go to see the film? 你为什么没去看这部电影?
—Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of
意为“因为”,其后可接名词、
代词、动名词
及由what引导的从句等。
He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。
He knew she was crying because of what he said.
他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】 ①. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
【答案】A
【详解because通常用来回答why提出的问题,与so不能同时使用。
②. —________ the heavy rain, we didn’t go camping last Sunday.
—What a pity!
A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——因为大雨,我们上周日没有去野营。——太可惜了!
考查介词短语辨析。Thanks to多亏;Because of因为,后加名词或名词短语;Instead of而不是;As for对于。根据“we didn't go camping last Sunday”可知设空处表示“因为”。故选B。
【精讲03 句子】
►►► 1.I felt like I was a bird.我感觉自己就像一只鸟.
feel like意为"给...的感觉;感受到",后面可接句子.
【拓展】feel like还可译为"想要",其中like为介词,后跟动词时,要用动名词.feel like doing sth.(喜欢做某事)相当于would like to do sth.或want to do sth.
I don't feel like going out tonight.今天晚上我不想出去.
【典例分析】 -用所给词的适当形式填空.
Today I feel like (play)sports.
【答案】playing
【详解】 句意:今天我想做运动。本题考察feel like的用法,feel like后接动词,要用feel like doing sth.意为:想要做某事。故填playing.
►►► 2.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道这里过去的生活是什么样子的.
(1)wonder (v.) 想知道;琢磨 ;相当于want to know,
其后常接who, what, how以及if/whether等引导的宾语从句(作宾语的句子)。
I wonder what you are going to do next.我想知道接下来你打算做什么。
I wonder if you can help me do the housework.我想知道你是否可以帮我做家务。
(2)本句是含有宾语从句的复合句,
"what life was like here in the past"是宾语从句,作动词wonder的宾语.
宾语从句要用陈述句语序.
We all want to know where he comes from.我们都想知道他来自哪里.
►►► 3. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大呀!
这是一个感叹句。
此句的中心词是名词difference,故应用what引导.
若感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词,则应用how引导.
【辨析】what与how引导的感叹句
易混词
用法
例句
what引导
What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What a great day! 多棒的一天啊!
What +形容词+复数可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What interesting stories they are! 多有趣的一些故事啊!
What +形容词+不可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!
What nice music it is! 多动听的音乐啊!
how引导
How+形容词/副词 +主语+谓语!
How beautiful she is!她多漂亮啊!
How fast Jim is running! 吉姆跑得多快啊!
How+形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数
+主语+谓语!”
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!
注意
判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:
首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;
其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;
若是名词(词组),那么本句是由what(a/an)引导;
若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how 引导。
【典例分析】 ① Wonderful report he wrote!
A .What a B. What C. How D. how a
【答案】A
【详解】 句意:他写的报告真精彩!report为可数名词,故用“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+其它”结构。故选A.
②.______special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. (2019,山东青岛卷)
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们上的课多么不寻常啊!我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他! What+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语+其他!题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数,符合“What+形容词+可数名词复数+(主语+谓语+其他)!”,故答案选A。
③---___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name? ---Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么?——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句:how修饰形容词或副词,what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful(美妙的)是形容词,需用how引导。根据句意结构,可知选A。
►►► 4. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard.当我们到达山顶的时候,雨下得正大.
本句含有when引导的时间状语从句,
从句是"we got to the top",是一般过去时;
主句是"it was raining really hard",是过去进行时.
其中when是连词,意为"当....的时候".
I was watching TV when my mother came in.我妈妈进来的时候,我正在看电视.
【拓展】过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态,结构是"was/were+ v-ing".
We were doing homework at eight o'clock yesterday evening.昨天晚上八点我们正在做家庭作业.
►►► 5. What do you think of…?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”
用来询问对方的观点或看法,其同义句型为“How do you like…?”或“How do you feel about…?”
例: What does she think of her English teacher?
=How does she like her English teacher?
=How does she feel about her English teacher? 她认为她的英语老师怎么样?
—She thinks he is a bit strict. 她觉得他有点儿严厉。
【典例分析】
—What do you think of talk shows?
—________. I watch them every week.
A.I can't stand them B.I love them
C.I don't think so D.I agree with you
【解析】B What do you think of…?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”用来询问对方的观点或看法。所以答语应该是你的看法。I can't stand them 我受不了。与后面语境不符合。 I love them 。我喜欢。故选B。
【精讲04 语法】复合不定代词和一般过去时
►►► 1.复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成,列表如下:
some--
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物,某事
any--
anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
no--
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西
every--
everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
【典例分析】
①.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C.something easy enough D.something enough easy
【答案】C
【详解】形容词修饰不定代词,放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
②.I really have something important_______.
A.do B.to doing C.to do D.does
【答案】C
【详解】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式必须后置。
三、含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody
anything; anyone; anybody
一般
用法
通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting.
一般用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中
Do you have anything to say?
I can’t meet anybody on the island.
特殊
用法
表示请求、邀请、提建议等委婉语气的疑问句;
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中;
Would you like something to eat?
Isn’t there something wrong with you?
当anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)”;
anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”时;
也可用于肯定句中。
Anything is OK. /// Anybody knows the answer.
【典例分析】
①.I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat?
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我饿了,你能给我点好吃的吗?考查复合不定代词的用法。something某物,用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句中;anything任何东西,用于否定句或疑问句中;nothing没有什么;由 “would you please give me”可知,该句是表示请求的疑问句,要用something;delicious美味的,形容词,修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后,故选A。
②.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
【答案】A
【详解】A.everything每件事 强调整体。这里指整体,B.anything 任何事 强调个体。C.something有些事 D.nothing没有事。所以A符合。
③. —Did ________ finish your homework last night?
—Yes, Miss Gao. We always finish homework on time.
A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——昨晚每个人都完成作业了吗?——是的,高老师,我们总是按时完成作业。
考查复合不定代词。someone某人;anyone任何人;no one没有人;everyone每个人,强调整体。根据“We always finish homework on time.”可知老师问你们每一个人都完成了,也就是你们全班都完成了吗?强调整体,故选D。
四、somebody,anybody,nobody与everybody辨析:
【典例分析】
①. “I don’t think I am different from else . I am just the son of a farmer ,”Mo Yan said .
A. anyone B. nobody C. someone D. everyone
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“我觉得我和其他人没什么不同。我只是一个农民的儿子,”莫言说。用在否定句或疑问句中,意为“任何人;随便哪个人”。
②.—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now? — _______. She cleaned it all by herself.
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
【答案】B
【详解】 句意:刚才是谁帮贝蒂整理卧室的?-没人,她自己整理的。Nobody没有任何人。
►►► 2.一般过去时
【典例分析】
①.—Were your parents at work yesterday?
— .
A.Yes, they wasn't B.No, they were C.Yes, they were D.No, they wasn't
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——昨天,你父母上班了吗?——是的,他们上班了。考查一般疑问句的回答。根据“Were your parents at work yesterday?”可知,时态为一般过去时,主语为your parents,复数。回答时,用they代替复数主语,动词用were。故肯定回答为Yes, they were;否定回答为No, they weren't。故选C。
②.—What did the girl do just now?
—She ________ her bedroom.
A.cleans B.clean C.is cleaning D.cleaned
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——那个女孩刚才做了什么?——她打扫她的卧室。考查动词时态。根据“What did the girl do just now”,可知,答句也用一般过去时,故选D。
③.—Did he visit the park yesterday afternoon?
—________. He was on the farm with his father.
A.Yes, he did B.No, he didn't
C.Yes, he does D.No, he doesn't
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——昨天下午他参观公园了吗?——不,他没有。他和他的父亲在农场。
本题考查一般疑问句。Yes, he did是的,他是;No, he didn't不,他没有;Yes, he does是,他是;No, he doesn't不,他不是。根据Did he visit the park yesterday afternoon?可知,此处是一般过去时,根据He was on the farm with his father.可知,他在农场上,因此没有去公园,用否定回答。故选B。
【精讲05 写作】
本单元主要话题是节日与假期,命题内容以游览为主,介绍自己旅行中的所见,所闻,所感,所想。
写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及时态的应用。
注意以下几点:
1.时态是一般过去时。要注意动词的过去式变化。
2.文章的开头句和结尾句要简单明了,直接点题,中间段落的细节描写是文章的重点。
3.在描述旅行经历时,按照时间顺序来写,可以使用一定的关联词使文章结构清晰。
【典例分析】
假设今天是8月20日,天气晴朗,你和家人去北京平谷区金海湖(Jinhai Lake)游玩。请根据下面表格中的内容提示,写一篇70词左右的短文,记录本次活动并简要表达你的感受。
时间
活动
感受
早上九点到达金海湖
划船,玩沙滩排球,游泳,中午享用海鲜,做游戏,唱歌
疲惫但很开心
【思路点拨】
1. 人称:第一人称
2. 时态:一般过去时(注意动词形式)
3. 内容:描述详细的旅行经历(活动)及自己的感受
【素材积累】
短语
句子
1. 去划船 go boating
2. 打沙滩排球play beach volleyball
3. 去游泳 go swimming
4. 玩得愉快enjoy oneself
/ have a good/nice/great time
5. 享用海鲜 enjoy seafood
1. I went to the mountains with my family.
2. Although I was tired, I had a good time.
3. We went to the beach and played beach volleyball.
4. We went somewhere interesting and took a lot of photos.
【高分模板】
Saturday, August 20th
Today the weather was sunny. I went to Jinhai Lake with my family.
We got there at nine. ①First, we went boating on the lake. Then, I played beach volleyball with my father. After that, we went swimming in the lake. ②I felt like I was a fish. I enjoyed myself playing in the water. We had some seafood for lunch at 12:00. Finally, we played games and sang songs. At 5:00 p.m., we went back home.
③Although we were tired, we had a really great time.
【名师点评】
①按照时间顺序描述一天的活动,恰当地使用连接词,如first, then, after that和finally,使文章层次分明,衔接自然。
②句子“I felt like I was a fish.”的使用使文章更加生动形象。
③作者在结尾处使用although引导的让步状语从句准确地表达了自己的感受。
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?重要知识点清单
思维导图
知识列表
课标单词
1. ___________pron.任何人
2. ___________adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方
3. __________adj.精彩的;极好的
4. ___________adj.很少的;n.少量
5. ___________adj.最多的;大多数的;
6. ___________pron.某事物;
7. ___________ pron.没有什么n.没有
8. ___________pron.我自己
9. ___________pron.每人;人人
10. ___________pron.你自己;你亲自
11. ___________n.母鸡;雌禽
12. ___________adj.无聊的;厌烦的; 郁闷的
13. ___________n.猪
14. ___________n.日记;日记簿
15. ___________vi.似乎;好像
16. ___________pron.某人;有人
17. ___________n.活动;活跃
18. ___________v.决定;选定
19. ___________v.尝试;设法;努力
20. ___________n.鸟;禽
21. ___________n.空中滑翔跳伞
22. ___________n.自行车
23. ___________n.建筑物
24. ___________v.惊奇;想知道;怀疑
25. ___________n.差异;不同
26. ___________n.顶部;顶
27. ___________v.等;等待(wait for)
28. ___________adj.湿的;雨天的
29. ___________prep.低于;在...下面 adv.在下面
30. ___________conj.如同;像...一样
31. ___________adj.足够的adv.足够地;充分地
32. ___________n.鸭肉;鸭
33. ___________ (反full) adj.饥饿的;渴望的
34. ___________v.不喜欢;厌恶 n.不喜爱;厌恶;反感
目标语块
1. ______________________去度假
2. ______________________待在家里
3. ______________________去爬山
4. ______________________去海滩
5. ______________________参观博物馆
6. ______________________去参加夏令营
7. _________________________相当多
8. ______________________大部分时间
9. ______________________尝起来很好吃
10. ______________________玩得高兴
11. ______________________当然
12. ______________________给……的感觉;感受到
13. ______________________去购物
14. ______________________在过去
15. ______________________四处走走
16. ______________________因为
17. ______________________一碗……
18. ______________________第二天
19. ______________________找出; 查明
20. ______________________照相
21. ______________________重要的事
22. ______________________上上下下
23. ______________________出来
24. ______________________除了……之外什么都没有
25. ______________________到达某地(大地方)
26. ______________________到达某地(小地方)
27. ______________________决定去做某事
28. ______________________尝试做某事
29. ______________________尽力去做某事
30. ______________________忘记做过某事
31. ______________________忘记做某事
32. ______________________喜欢做某事
33. ______________________继续做某事
34. ______________________告诉某人(不要)做某事
35. ______________________为什么不做……呢?
36. ______________________如此……以至于……
常考句型
1. ________________________________ 你和谁出去过吗?
2. ________________________________你买了什么特别的东西吗?
3. ________________________________你喜欢它吗?
4. ________________________________你为什么不为自己买任何东西?
5. ________________________________似乎没有人感到无聊。
6. ________________________________我觉得自己是一只鸟。
7. ________________________________
我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。
8. ________________________________我真的很喜欢在城里散步。
9. ________________________________ 一天是多么的不同!
10. ____________________________________________________
由于天气恶劣,我们看不到下面任何东西。
重点语法
复合不定代词
一般过去时
话题写作
假期活动
【答案】
课标单词
1. anyone pron.任何人
2. anywhere adv.任何地方
n.任何(一个)地方
3. wonderful adj.精彩的;极好的
4. few adj.很少的;n.少量
5. most adj.最多的;大多数的;
6. something pron.某事物;
7. nothing pron.没有什么n.没有
8. myself pron.我自己
9. everyone pron.每人;人人
10. yourself pron.你自己;你亲自
11. hen n.母鸡;雌禽
12. bored adj.无聊的;厌烦的;郁闷的
13. pig n.猪
14. diary n.日记;日记簿
15. seem vi.似乎;好像
16. someone pron.某人;有人
17. activity n.活动;活跃
18. decide v.决定;选定
19. try v.尝试;设法;努力
20. bird n.鸟;禽
21. paragliding n.空中滑翔跳伞
22. bicycle n.自行车
23. building n.建筑物
24. wonder v.惊奇;想知道;怀疑
25. difference n.差异;不同
26. top n.顶部;顶
27. wait v.等;等待(wait for)
28. wet adj.湿的;雨天的
29. below prep.低于;在...下面adv.在下面
30. as conj.如同;像...一样
31. enough adj.足够的
adv.足够地;充分地
32. duck n.鸭肉;鸭
33. hungry(反full) adj.饥饿的;渴望的
34. dislike v.不喜欢;厌恶
n.不喜爱;厌恶;反感
目标语块
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. stay at home 待在家里
3. go to the mountains 去爬山
4. go to the beach 去海滩
5. visit museums 参观博物馆
6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营
7. quite a few 相当多
8. most of the time 大部分时间
9. taste good 尝起来很好吃
10. have a good time 玩得高兴
11. of course 当然
12. feel like 给……的感觉;感受到
13. go shopping 去购物
14. in the past 在过去
15. walk around 四处走走
16. because of 因为
17. one bowl of… 一碗……
18. the next day 第二天
19. find out 找出; 查明
20. take photos 照相
21. something important 重要的事
22. up and down 上上下下
23. come up 出来
24. nothing…but 除…之外什么都没有
25. arrive in 到达某地(大地点)
26. arrive at 到达某地(小地点)
27. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事
28. try doing sth. 尝试做某事
29. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事
30. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/
31. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事
32. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
33. keep doing sth. 继续做某事
34. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)
做某事
35. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做……呢?
36. so…..that 如此……以至于……
常考句型
1. Did you go out with anyone? 你和谁出去过吗?
2. Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?
3. How did you like it? 你喜欢它吗?
4. Why don't you buy anything for yourself? 你为什么不为自己买任何东西?
5. Still no one seemed to be bored. 似乎没有人感到无聊。
6. I felt like I was a bird. 我觉得自己是一只鸟。
7. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的。
8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在城里散步。
9. What a difference a day makes! 一天是多么的不同!
10. And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything below.
由于天气恶劣,我们看不到下面任何东西。
知识清单
【精讲01 词汇】
►►► anyone(pron.)任何人
anyone是指人的复合不定代词,在句中可作主语或宾语,一般用在否定句或疑问句中.
当它被形容词修饰时,形容词要位于其后.
Anyone could win tonight.今晚任何人都可能赢.
Did you meet anyone interesting at the party? 你在聚会上遇见有趣的人吗?
【拓展】
someone也是由-one构成的复合不定代词.someone意为"某人;有人",通常用在肯定句中.
someone可以用somebody替换,anyone可以用anybody替换.
someone作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式.
I don't know how to solve the problem. You can ask someone else for help.我不知道怎样解决这个问题.
►►►2. anywhere(adv.)在任何地方
anywhere是由any和where构成的复合不定副词,通常用在否定句或疑问句中.
当形容词修饰anywhere时,形容词要位于其后.
Did you go anywhere interesting with your classmates?你和你的同班同学一起去有趣的地方了吗?
I couldn't find my keys anywhere.我在任何地方都找不到我的钥匙.
【拓展】
somewhere(adv.)在某处; anywhere(adv.)在任何地方;
nowhere(adv.)任何地方都不; everywhere(adv.)到处;处处
I left my book somewhere near here.我把我的书落在附近某处了.
He stayed at home all day because he had nowhere to go.他一整天都待在家里,因为他无处可去.
I'm looking for my wallet everywhere.我正在到处找我的钱包.
►►► 3.few(adj.&pron.) 不多; 很少.
few作形容词时,用来修饰可数名词.little用来修饰不可数名词。
Few people can live up to be 100.很少有人活到一百岁.
Few of his classmates knew the truth.他的同班同学中很少有人知道这个真相.
【辨析】few 、a few、 little 和 a little
Tom has little money, but few students want to help him.汤姆几乎没有钱了,但是几乎没有学生想帮助他.
There is a little milk and a few apples at home.家里有一点儿牛奶和几个苹果.
【典例分析】用few, a few, little, a little填空
①There are apples, so I don't have to go to the market.
②There are apples, so I have to go to the market.
③There is milk left, so I have to go to the market.
【答案】① a few ②few ③ little
【①详解】句意:还有一些苹果,所以我没必要去超市。由句意可知,还有一些苹果,表示肯定含义;且apples是可数名词需要few/a few来修饰,再结合句意“可数+肯定”,可知要用a few. 故填a few.
【②详解】句意:几乎没有苹果了,所以我不得不去超市。由句意可知,几乎没有苹果了,表示否定含义; 且apples是可数名词复数,需要用few/a few来修饰,再结合句意“可数+否定”,可知要用few.故填 few.
【③详解】句意: 牛奶几乎没有了,所以我不得不去超市。由句意可知几乎没有牛奶了,表示否定含义;且milk为不可数名词,需要little/a little来修饰,再结合句意“不可数+否定”,可知需要用little.故填little.
►►►4.something(pron.)某事,某物
something是由some和thing构成的复合不定代词,通常用在肯定句中.
当形容词修饰something, anything等复合不定代词时,形容词要位于其后.
I bought something for my father.我给爸爸买了一些东西.
【辨析】
易混词
意义
用法
something
表示"某事;某物"
通常用在肯定句中,
还可以用在表示请求或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中.
anything
表示"任何事;任何物"
通常用在否定句或疑问句中,
还可以用在条件状语从句中.
nothing
表示"没有什么"
否定词,相当于"not...anything"。
everything
表示"每件事;所有事;一切"
用于肯定句中。
【拓展】当something, anything, nothing, everything作主语时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式.
If something happens to you, I'll come to help you at once.假如你发生了什么事,我会立刻来帮助你.
►►►5. bored(adj)厌倦的,烦闷的
boring(adj)令人感到厌烦的,常修饰物;
bored修饰人,表示人的感情.
They talk to me about the singer all day. I feel very bored.
The movie is so boring, so I feel so bored.
【辨析】bored和boring
易混词
意义
用法
bored
adj . 厌倦的
形容人的心理状态。
作表语,通常修饰或描述人。
boring
adj . 令人厌倦的
强调事物本身的性质。
作表语或定语,通常修饰或描述事或物。
【拓展】类似的词
-ing形容词
-ed形容词
例句
surprising
surprised
I was surprised at the surprising story.
exciting
excited
I was excited about the exciting news.
tiring
tired
The speech was very tiring. Are you tired of it?
interesting
interested
I'm interested in the interesting story.
总结
以-ing结尾的形容词常修饰物,
以-ed结尾的形容词常修饰人
【典例分析】-用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
【答案】excited
【详解】 “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
【答案】exciting
【详解】 “ing”的形容词,用来修饰物的形容词。
3. Steve often plays the same________(bored)game, but he is never getting ________ (bored)with it.
【答案】boring; bored
【详解】 句意:Steve常常玩这个相同无聊的游戏,但是他对这个游戏从来不感到无聊。形容词+ing,修饰物,表示“令人…”;形容词+ed,修饰人,表示“感到…”;第一个空格是修饰game,所以填boring;第二个空格是修饰he,所以填bored.故填boring; bored.
►►►6.myself(pron)我自己;我本人
I learnt swimming all by myself.
I looked at myself in the mirror.
【拓展】
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself, herself, itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
【典例分析】---用所给词的适当形式填空或根据句意用合适的反身代词填空。
①My sister is too young, so she can't look after (she).
②Your sister is too young, so you should look after (she).
③ Please help to some fish.
④ The girls enjoyed in the party.
【答案】①herself ②her ③ yourself/yourselves④ herself
【①详解】 句意:我的妹妹太年轻了,所以她不能够照顾她自己。句中look after后的宾语与主语she为同一所指,因此使用she的反身代词herself.故填herself.
【②详解】 句意:你的妹妹太年轻了,所以你应该照顾她。句中look after后的宾语与主语she为不同所指,指的是两个不同的人,因此使用she的宾格her.故填her.
【③详解】句意:请随意吃一些鱼。随便吃,随便享用“help oneself to”.由句意可知是让对方随便吃,随便享用。对方就是you,反身代词为yourself/yourselves.故填yourself/yourselves.
【④详解】句意:那些女孩在派对上玩得很开心。玩得开心“enjoy oneself”,句中主语为the girls,因此用themselves.故填themselves.
►►► 7.try 尝试
【典例分析】—This dress is expensive but beautiful, and you can have a ________.
—OK. Thank you.
A.buy B.see C.want D.try
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——这件连衣裙很贵但很漂亮,你可以试一下。——好的,谢谢。
考查词义辨析。buy买;see看见;want想;try尝试。 have a try试一试,尝试一下;固定词组,try在此处是名词,故选D。
►►►8. decide(v.)决定;选定
常用短语:decide to do sth.意为"决定做某事".
It was sunny and hot , so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
天气晴朗而且炎热,因此我们决定去我们宾馆附近的海滩.
【拓展】
decide的名词形式为decision,意为"决定",常构成短语make a decision,意为"作出决定".
【典例分析】He decided (climb)the mountains.
【答案】to climb
【详解】 句意:他决定去爬山。考查decide的用法,决定做某事:decide to do sth.故填to climb.
►►►9. difference(n.)差别;差异
difference可以作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词.
make a difference(to...)表示"(对....)产生影响;(对....)起作用".
make no difference表示"对.....没有影响".
It's easy to tell the differences between the two pictures.要辨别这两幅图的差异是很容易的.
There's not much difference in price between the two computers.这两台计算机的价格没多大差别.
The rain didn't make a difference to the match.这场雨对比赛没有产生影响.
Their hobbies are different from mine.他们的爱好与我的不同.
【拓展】
【典例分析】-用所给词的适当形式填空
Can you tell me some (different)between the two pictures?
【答案】differences
【详解】 句意:你能告诉我两张照片之间的一些差别吗?根据句意可知要用different的名词形式difference, some修饰difference,要用复数形式differences.故填differences.
►►►10. enough(adj.&adv.) 足够的(地); 充足的(地); 充分的(地)
【典例分析】 ①.—Did you get the present?
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
【答案】
【详解】B 句意:——你得到礼品了吗?——没有,我到的足够早,但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……,固定搭配,early是副词,所以用early enough,排除A、D。enough+名词,固定搭配,presents是名词,所以用enough presents,故选B。
②.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
【答案】D
【详解】形容词/副词+enough for sb”对某人来说足够…. 这里enough修饰副词同样放在副词后面。故用D
③. Tom is old enough (carry)the box.( 用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to carry
【详解】 句意:汤姆年龄足够大去搬运这个箱子。本题考察enough的用法,enough后跟动词,要用不定式形式。故填to carry.
►►► 11. forget v.忘记
forget to do sth.
忘记做某事
(事情还没做)
Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
forget doing sth.
忘记做了某事
(事情已经做了)
I forgot borrowing some money from you.
我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
①.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
【解析】此题用固定搭配法。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”,forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”。
②.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
【解析】borrowing forget doing sth.忘了做过某事。
►►► 12. wait 作为动词,意为“等待”。
【典例分析】 ①.My parents said that they would come to visit me .I couldn’t _____ to see them after several months away from home .
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
【解析】考查动词辨析。语境表示,“我”父母说他们要来看“我”,“我”迫不及待地想看到他们。can't/couldn't wait to do sth.为固定短语,意为“迫不及待做某事”,符合题意。故选A。
②.—Why are you late for school today?
—I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to____ the next one.
A.wait for B.ask for C.care for D. look for
【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。由交际情境可知,“我”上学迟到了。因为“我”没有赶上早班车,所以“我”必须等下一班车。wait for“等候”,ask for“请求,征求”,care for“关心、照顾、喜欢”。故选A。
►►► 13. seem
【典例分析】 ①.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.
A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在那一刻,琼看起来好像没有机会成为一名教师。看起来好像…“It seems that+从句”固定句型;根据句中的had可知时态应用一般过去时,结合选项,故答案选C。
②.Linda seems___________ (know)the answer.
【答案】to know
【详解】句意:Linda似乎知道答案。括号内单词know为动词,再结合前面seems,构成“seem to do sth.似乎好像做某事”,故填to know.
【精讲02 短语】
►►► 1. arrived in
arrive in/at意为到达,
其中arrive in后接大地方;arrive at后接小地方.
Tom arrived in Hangzhou yesterday. And he arrived at a bus stop at 3:00pm.
【拓展】表示"到达"的短语和词汇还有get to, reach
My uncle arrived at my home yesterday.
=My uncle got to my home yesterday.
=My uncle reached my home yesterday.
【典例分析】
It's too crowed on the street, so they don't the hotel(旅馆)on time.
A. reach B. arrive C. get D. arrive in
【答案】A
【详解】 句意:大街上太拥挤了,所以他们没有准时到达旅馆。考查reach,arrive in/at,get to的用法区别。C选项get意为得到,不符合题意。D选项arrive in后接大地方,句中hotel旅馆是小地方,不符合题意。B选项arrive后接地点须跟冠词in/at,不符合题意。A选项reach后直接跟地点。故选A.
►►► 2. too much
【辨析】so many,so much,too many, too much和much too
易混词
用法
例句
so many
如此多,
后接可数名词复数
There are so many people in the street.
大街上有如此多的人。
so much
如此多,
后接不可数名词
We make so much pollution every day.
我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many
太多,后接可数名词复数
You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much
太多,后接不可数名词
There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too
太,过于,
后接形容词或副词
It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it.
房间里太吵了,我受不了了。
【典例分析】 ①.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。
②.I have ____________ homework to do and I’m _______ tired now.
A. much too; too much B. too much; too much
C. too much; much too D. much too; much too
【答案】C
【解析】句意: 我有太多的家庭作业要做,而且现在我太累了。
考查短语。much too 太,后面跟形容词或副词;too much 太多,后跟不可数名词。这里homework是不可数名词,用too much修饰。tired累的,形容词。用much too修饰,故选C。
►►► 3. because of
【辨析】because与because of
易混词
用法
例句
because
引导原因状语从句,
通常用来回答why提出的问题,
与so不能同时使用
I did it because they asked me to do it!
我做这件事是因为他们让我做!
—Why didn’t you go to see the film? 你为什么没去看这部电影?
—Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of
意为“因为”,其后可接名词、
代词、动名词
及由what引导的从句等。
He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。
He knew she was crying because of what he said.
他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】 ①. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
【答案】A
【详解because通常用来回答why提出的问题,与so不能同时使用。
②. —________ the heavy rain, we didn’t go camping last Sunday.
—What a pity!
A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——因为大雨,我们上周日没有去野营。——太可惜了!
考查介词短语辨析。Thanks to多亏;Because of因为,后加名词或名词短语;Instead of而不是;As for对于。根据“we didn't go camping last Sunday”可知设空处表示“因为”。故选B。
【精讲03 句子】
►►► 1.I felt like I was a bird.我感觉自己就像一只鸟.
feel like意为"给...的感觉;感受到",后面可接句子.
【拓展】feel like还可译为"想要",其中like为介词,后跟动词时,要用动名词.feel like doing sth.(喜欢做某事)相当于would like to do sth.或want to do sth.
I don't feel like going out tonight.今天晚上我不想出去.
【典例分析】 -用所给词的适当形式填空.
Today I feel like (play)sports.
【答案】playing
【详解】 句意:今天我想做运动。本题考察feel like的用法,feel like后接动词,要用feel like doing sth.意为:想要做某事。故填playing.
►►► 2.I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道这里过去的生活是什么样子的.
(1)wonder (v.) 想知道;琢磨 ;相当于want to know,
其后常接who, what, how以及if/whether等引导的宾语从句(作宾语的句子)。
I wonder what you are going to do next.我想知道接下来你打算做什么。
I wonder if you can help me do the housework.我想知道你是否可以帮我做家务。
(2)本句是含有宾语从句的复合句,
"what life was like here in the past"是宾语从句,作动词wonder的宾语.
宾语从句要用陈述句语序.
We all want to know where he comes from.我们都想知道他来自哪里.
►►► 3. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大呀!
这是一个感叹句。
此句的中心词是名词difference,故应用what引导.
若感叹句的中心词是形容词或副词,则应用how引导.
【辨析】what与how引导的感叹句
易混词
用法
例句
what引导
What + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What a great day! 多棒的一天啊!
What +形容词+复数可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What interesting stories they are! 多有趣的一些故事啊!
What +形容词+不可数名词
+主语+谓语!
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊!
What nice music it is! 多动听的音乐啊!
how引导
How+形容词/副词 +主语+谓语!
How beautiful she is!她多漂亮啊!
How fast Jim is running! 吉姆跑得多快啊!
How+形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数
+主语+谓语!”
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊!
注意
判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法:
首先,断句。从句子后面向前看,找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分,把句子断开;
其次,观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词(词组),还是形容词或副词;
若是名词(词组),那么本句是由what(a/an)引导;
若是形容词或副词,那么本句就由how 引导。
【典例分析】 ① Wonderful report he wrote!
A .What a B. What C. How D. how a
【答案】A
【详解】 句意:他写的报告真精彩!report为可数名词,故用“What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+其它”结构。故选A.
②.______special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. (2019,山东青岛卷)
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我们上的课多么不寻常啊!我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他! What+(a/an)+(形容词)+名词+主语+谓语+其他!题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数,符合“What+形容词+可数名词复数+(主语+谓语+其他)!”,故答案选A。
③---___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name? ---Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么?——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句:how修饰形容词或副词,what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful(美妙的)是形容词,需用how引导。根据句意结构,可知选A。
►►► 4. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard.当我们到达山顶的时候,雨下得正大.
本句含有when引导的时间状语从句,
从句是"we got to the top",是一般过去时;
主句是"it was raining really hard",是过去进行时.
其中when是连词,意为"当....的时候".
I was watching TV when my mother came in.我妈妈进来的时候,我正在看电视.
【拓展】过去进行时用于描述过去某个时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态,结构是"was/were+ v-ing".
We were doing homework at eight o'clock yesterday evening.昨天晚上八点我们正在做家庭作业.
►►► 5. What do you think of…?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”
用来询问对方的观点或看法,其同义句型为“How do you like…?”或“How do you feel about…?”
例: What does she think of her English teacher?
=How does she like her English teacher?
=How does she feel about her English teacher? 她认为她的英语老师怎么样?
—She thinks he is a bit strict. 她觉得他有点儿严厉。
【典例分析】
—What do you think of talk shows?
—________. I watch them every week.
A.I can't stand them B.I love them
C.I don't think so D.I agree with you
【解析】B What do you think of…?意为“你觉得……怎么样?”用来询问对方的观点或看法。所以答语应该是你的看法。I can't stand them 我受不了。与后面语境不符合。 I love them 。我喜欢。故选B。
【精讲04 语法】复合不定代词和一般过去时
►►► 1.复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成,列表如下:
some--
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物,某事
any--
anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
no--
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西
every--
everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
【典例分析】
①.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C.something easy enough D.something enough easy
【答案】C
【详解】形容词修饰不定代词,放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
②.I really have something important_______.
A.do B.to doing C.to do D.does
【答案】C
【详解】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式必须后置。
三、含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody
anything; anyone; anybody
一般
用法
通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting.
一般用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中
Do you have anything to say?
I can’t meet anybody on the island.
特殊
用法
表示请求、邀请、提建议等委婉语气的疑问句;
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中;
Would you like something to eat?
Isn’t there something wrong with you?
当anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)”;
anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”时;
也可用于肯定句中。
Anything is OK. /// Anybody knows the answer.
【典例分析】
①.I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat?
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我饿了,你能给我点好吃的吗?考查复合不定代词的用法。something某物,用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句中;anything任何东西,用于否定句或疑问句中;nothing没有什么;由 “would you please give me”可知,该句是表示请求的疑问句,要用something;delicious美味的,形容词,修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后,故选A。
②.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing
【答案】A
【详解】A.everything每件事 强调整体。这里指整体,B.anything 任何事 强调个体。C.something有些事 D.nothing没有事。所以A符合。
③. —Did ________ finish your homework last night?
—Yes, Miss Gao. We always finish homework on time.
A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——昨晚每个人都完成作业了吗?——是的,高老师,我们总是按时完成作业。
考查复合不定代词。someone某人;anyone任何人;no one没有人;everyone每个人,强调整体。根据“We always finish homework on time.”可知老师问你们每一个人都完成了,也就是你们全班都完成了吗?强调整体,故选D。
四、somebody,anybody,nobody与everybody辨析:
【典例分析】
①. “I don’t think I am different from else . I am just the son of a farmer ,”Mo Yan said .
A. anyone B. nobody C. someone D. everyone
【答案】A
【详解】句意:“我觉得我和其他人没什么不同。我只是一个农民的儿子,”莫言说。用在否定句或疑问句中,意为“任何人;随便哪个人”。
②.—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now? — _______. She cleaned it all by herself.
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
【答案】B
【详解】 句意:刚才是谁帮贝蒂整理卧室的?-没人,她自己整理的。Nobody没有任何人。
►►► 2.一般过去时
【典例分析】
①.—Were your parents at work yesterday?
— .
A.Yes, they wasn't B.No, they were C.Yes, they were D.No, they wasn't
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——昨天,你父母上班了吗?——是的,他们上班了。考查一般疑问句的回答。根据“Were your parents at work yesterday?”可知,时态为一般过去时,主语为your parents,复数。回答时,用they代替复数主语,动词用were。故肯定回答为Yes, they were;否定回答为No, they weren't。故选C。
②.—What did the girl do just now?
—She ________ her bedroom.
A.cleans B.clean C.is cleaning D.cleaned
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——那个女孩刚才做了什么?——她打扫她的卧室。考查动词时态。根据“What did the girl do just now”,可知,答句也用一般过去时,故选D。
③.—Did he visit the park yesterday afternoon?
—________. He was on the farm with his father.
A.Yes, he did B.No, he didn't
C.Yes, he does D.No, he doesn't
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——昨天下午他参观公园了吗?——不,他没有。他和他的父亲在农场。
本题考查一般疑问句。Yes, he did是的,他是;No, he didn't不,他没有;Yes, he does是,他是;No, he doesn't不,他不是。根据Did he visit the park yesterday afternoon?可知,此处是一般过去时,根据He was on the farm with his father.可知,他在农场上,因此没有去公园,用否定回答。故选B。
【精讲05 写作】
本单元主要话题是节日与假期,命题内容以游览为主,介绍自己旅行中的所见,所闻,所感,所想。
写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及时态的应用。
注意以下几点:
1.时态是一般过去时。要注意动词的过去式变化。
2.文章的开头句和结尾句要简单明了,直接点题,中间段落的细节描写是文章的重点。
3.在描述旅行经历时,按照时间顺序来写,可以使用一定的关联词使文章结构清晰。
【典例分析】
假设今天是8月20日,天气晴朗,你和家人去北京平谷区金海湖(Jinhai Lake)游玩。请根据下面表格中的内容提示,写一篇70词左右的短文,记录本次活动并简要表达你的感受。
时间
活动
感受
早上九点到达金海湖
划船,玩沙滩排球,游泳,中午享用海鲜,做游戏,唱歌
疲惫但很开心
【思路点拨】
1. 人称:第一人称
2. 时态:一般过去时(注意动词形式)
3. 内容:描述详细的旅行经历(活动)及自己的感受
【素材积累】
短语
句子
1. 去划船 go boating
2. 打沙滩排球play beach volleyball
3. 去游泳 go swimming
4. 玩得愉快enjoy oneself
/ have a good/nice/great time
5. 享用海鲜 enjoy seafood
1. I went to the mountains with my family.
2. Although I was tired, I had a good time.
3. We went to the beach and played beach volleyball.
4. We went somewhere interesting and took a lot of photos.
【高分模板】
Saturday, August 20th
Today the weather was sunny. I went to Jinhai Lake with my family.
We got there at nine. ①First, we went boating on the lake. Then, I played beach volleyball with my father. After that, we went swimming in the lake. ②I felt like I was a fish. I enjoyed myself playing in the water. We had some seafood for lunch at 12:00. Finally, we played games and sang songs. At 5:00 p.m., we went back home.
③Although we were tired, we had a really great time.
【名师点评】
①按照时间顺序描述一天的活动,恰当地使用连接词,如first, then, after that和finally,使文章层次分明,衔接自然。
②句子“I felt like I was a fish.”的使用使文章更加生动形象。
③作者在结尾处使用although引导的让步状语从句准确地表达了自己的感受。
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