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Unit 10 (单元知识清单)人教新目标(Go For It)八年级英语上册
展开Unit 10 If you go to the party,you will have a great time!
重要知识点清单
【精讲01 词汇】
►►►1. ask
常用ask sb. to do sth.
意为"要求某人做某事",其否定形式是"ask sb. not to do sth."要求某人不要做某事。
I require to ask him to go to the movies. 我想让他去电影院。
►►► 2. advice
advice劝告,忠告,不可数名词[(+on/to/about)]
I want your advice, sir. I don’t know what to do. 先生,我需要您的指点。我不知该怎么办才好。
Your English is pretty good. Can you give some advice to me?
你英语很好。你能给我些建议吗?
advice作"建议"讲时,是不可数名词,如果想表示"一条建议"则用a piece of advice。
advice的常用短语:
give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议
give advice on sth. 在某方面给出建议
take/follow sb.’s advice 听从某人的建议
ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见
My parents always give me some good advice when I am in trouble.
当我遇到困难时,父母总会给我一些好的建议。
I think you’d better follow your friend’s advice. 我认为你最好听从你朋友的建议。
【拓展】
advise vt. 劝告
advise sth / doing sth 建议某事/ 做某事
advise sb how to do sth 建议某人如何做某事
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
►►► 3. keep
keep后接名词或代词作宾语,
Don’t tell it to others, please keep it to yourself. 别把这件事告诉别人,请保守秘密。
Women often keep their ages to themselves. 妇女往往对她们的年龄保密。
keep them to themselves: 把问题(烦恼)埋在心底,不向他人倾诉
You can keep the toy if you like要是你喜欢那个玩具的话,可以把它留下。
keep secrets for sb.意为"为某人保密"。
Thank you so much for keeping secrets for me. 非常感谢你为我保守秘密。
keep用法小结:
►►► 4. unless
unless:"除非;如果不",引导条件状语从句
You will miss the bus unless you hurry up. 你要不快点就错过班车了。
unless有时可以与if ... not结构相互转换
We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow unless it rains.
=If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall.
除非明天下雨,否则我们就去参观长城。
►►► 5. share
share: 动词, 意思是"分享;分担;共同负担"。
常见用法:
share a room with someone与某人同住一个房间
share a book 合看一本书
share a taxi 同坐一辆出租车
share sth with sb. 与某人共享某物
►►► 6. careless adj. 粗心的;不小心的
careless在句中作定语或表语,
反义词为careful,副词形式为carelessly。
Don’t be careless when you ride your bike. 当你骑自行车时,不要粗心大意。
He is a careless boy. He always does things carelessly.
他是一个粗心的男孩儿。他做事情总是很粗心大意。
【拓展】后缀-less表示否定意义,"没有,无"。
hope—hopeless(没希望的) use—useless(无用的)
home—homeless(无家的)
He feels that his life is a hopeless mess.
他觉得他生活得很狼狈不堪。
We should try our best to help these homeless people.
我们应该尽最大努力帮助这些无家可归的人。
【精讲02 短语】
►►►1. too … to … 太……而不能
表否定意义。
*too … to … 有时可与not ... enough to...进行同义转换。
The math problem is too difficult for me to work out. 这道数学题太难,我解不出来。
My soup is too hot to drink.我的汤太烫,没法喝。
The boy is too young to join the army. = The boy is not old enough to join the army.
►►►2. be angry with sb. "生某人的气";
be angry at (about) sth. "对某事生气"
The teacher was angry with me because I was late.我迟到了所以老师对我很生气。
►►►3. cut... in half "把……切成两半;把……一切为二"
cut: "(用剪刀)剪;(用刀)切"
in half / halves: 是一种固定的结构,此处的介词in表示状态
Please cut the orange in half.请把橙子一切两半。
Now, all the oranges are in halves.现在所有的橙子都是半个、半个的。
By the end of this year, that number will be cut in half.到今年年底,这个数字将减少一半。
half用法:
►►►4. have problems with 在某方面有问题/困难
He doesn’t have problems with his math study. 他在数学学习方面没有困难。
表示"做某事有困难"有以下几种常用结构:
have problems (in) doing sth.=have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.
We have problems/difficulty/trouble (in)getting to the top of the mountain.
我们要爬到山顶很困难。
【精讲03 句子】
►►► If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.
如果你参加聚会,你将会玩得很开心。
(1)本句是含有条件状语从句的复合句。
if引导的条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来,而主句用一般将来时(即主将从现)。此结构也可转化为:祈使句+and/or+一般将来时。
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
=Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 如果你努力学习,你就能通过考试。
(2)have a great time意为"过得愉快,玩得开心",相当于enjoy oneself。
其中great还可以用good或wonderful来代替。
They come here to relax... and have a good time. 他们来这里放松……,度过一段美好的时光。
We’ll have a wonderful time tomorrow.明天我们要玩个痛快。
We had a great/good/nice time in the park.
=We had fun in the park.
=We enjoyed ourselves in the park. 我们在公园里玩得很开心。
【精讲04 语法】
►►►1.if引导的条件状语从句
一、概念
条件状语从句是在复合句中作条件状语的句子。
表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生。条件状语从句常由连词if引导。
连接词if 如果,是引导条件状语从句的连接词,表示主句中动作发生的条件。
If you get up early, you will catch the bus. 如果你早起的话,就能赶上那班公共汽车。
You must see the doctor if you are ill. 如果你生病了,就必须去看医生。
用法
二、同义句转换
if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成简单句,其方法如下:
1.借助"祈使句+and/or+简单句"。其中and表示句意顺承,or表示转折。
If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.
=Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你努力学习,你就会通过考试。
If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
=Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 如果你不快点,你将会迟到。
2.借助介词with 或without来转换。
If you help me, I’ll finish my job soon.
=With your help, I’ll finish my job soon. 如果你帮我,我将很快完成我的工作。
If there is no water, fish may die.
=Fish may die without water. 如果没有水,鱼可能会死。
►►►2.情态动词should的用法
情态动词should和can,may,must一样,没有人称和数的变化,有词意,但都不能单独作谓语,必须和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。基本意思是"应当,应该",常用来表示建议或命令等。如:
You should work harder. 你应该更努力地工作。
否定式和疑问式的构成与can ,may 和must一样。如:
You shouldn’t play soccer in the street. 你们不应该在街上踢足球。
Who should pay the taxi driver? 谁应该付出租车钱?
【用法】
【注意】常用句型:You should /shouldn’t do sth 表示"建议某人(不)做某事"。
其他表示"建议"的句型还有:
Why not do sth? /Why don’t you do sth? /How about doing sth? /What about doing sth? /It’s a good idea to do sth /You’d better do sth等。
【精讲05 写作】
本单元的话题是"提建议"。主要针对他人的问题或烦恼提出自己合理的建议。
多以书信形式呈现,要注意书信文体的格式要求。
也可以是谈想法,对问题做出简单评价,并谈论对问题的看法。
重点考查学生以下能力:
1.用if引导的条件状语从句谈论事情的结果;
2.用情态动词should或can给出建议。
【词句荟萃】
►►►开头部分:
How nice to hear from you again.
Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’m glad to have received your letter of April 9th.
I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit.
I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
►►►结尾部分:
With best wishes.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world.
We’d better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams.
The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse.
Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks.
Why not.../Why don’t you...
You can have a try.../Try to do...
Don’t be afraid of...
I believe you can do it. Good luck.
In one / a word/Generally speaking
【典例分析】