2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市第一中学高一上学期期末考试英语含答案，共34页。试卷主要包含了 答非选择题时，必须使用 0等内容，欢迎下载使用。
 重庆一中高 2025 届高一上期期末考试
英语试题卷
英语试题卷共 10 页。满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。注意事项：
1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A travel plan. B. A spelling mistake. C. The woman’s hometown.
2. What is the relationship between the woman and Mike?
A. Teacher and student. B. Fellow workers. C. Mother and son.
3. What does the man suggest George do?
A. Have a good rest. B. Look for a new job. C. Travel around the world.
4. What does the woman think of the sharks?
A. Amazing. B. Frightening. C. Friendly.
5. What do we know about Peter?
A. He isn’t talkative. B. He studied very hard. C. He failed to get into college.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。全科免费下载公众号-《高中僧课堂》
6. How many times did the woman call the man yesterday?
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times.
7. Why didn’t the man answer the woman’s call?
A. He was busy doing the laundry.
B. He didn’t take his phone.
C. He ignored her phone calls.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。
8. What did the man do at last year’s party?
A. He arranged a big house for it.
B. He got to know a Japanese couple.
C. He met many international students.
9. What will the woman prepare for the party?
A. Special clothes. B. Iranian-style rice. C. Japanese dishes.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10. Where does the conversation take place?
A. On a train. B. In a library. C. At the school.
11. What kind of books does the man like best?
A. Books on travels. B. Books on food. C. Books on science.
12. What is the woman most probably going to be?
A. A historian. B. A doctor. C. A scientist.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13. For what does Jane want to get a job?
A. More money. B. More friends. C. More experience.
14. What is Jane’s father worried about?
A. She will come home late.
B. She can’t manage the shop well.
C. She can’t balance her study and work.
15. How often will Jane work?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Every other day.
16. What won’t Jane clean?
A. The floors. B. The toilets. C. The windows.
听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17. What was in the farmer’s bag?
A. Vegetables. B. Fruits. C. Rice.
18. What happened to the farmer’s bag?
A. It fell from his horse. B. It got stolen. C. It was broken.
19. Who helped the farmer?
A. A poor man. B. His friend. C. A rich man.
20. What can we learn from the story?
A. Everyone should pay for others’ help.
B. Everyone can become a great man.
C. Everyone should help people in need.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 60 分）
第一节（共 19 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 47.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 中，选出最佳选项。
A
It’s now a lot easier — and cheaper — for many hard-of-hearing Americans to get help. Hearing aids can now be sold without a prescription from a specialist. Over-the-counter, or OTC, hearing aids started hitting the market in October at prices that can be thousands of dollars lower than prescription hearing aids. About 30 million people in the United States deal with hearing loss, according to the Food and Drug Administration. But only about 20% of those who could use a hearing aid seek help. Here’s a closer look:
Who might be helped:
The FDA approved OTC hearing aids for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. That can include people who have trouble hearing phone calls or who turn up the TV volume loud enough that others complain. It also can include people who have trouble understanding group conversations in noisy places. OTC hearing aids aren’t intended for people with deeper hearing loss, which may include those who have trouble hearing louder noises, like power tools and cars.
Hearing test:
Before over-the-counter, you usually needed to get your hearing tested and buy hearing aids from a specialist. That’s no longer the case. But it can be hard for people to measure their own hearing. You can still choose to see a specialist just for that test, which is often covered by insurance, and then buy the aids on your own. There also are a number of apps and questionnaires available to determine whether you need help.
Who’s selling:
Several major retailers now offer OTC hearing aids online and on store shelves. Walgreens drugstores, for example, are selling Lexie Lumen hearing aids nationwide for $799. Walmart offers OTC hearing aids ranging from about $200 to $1,000 per pair. Its health centers will provide hearing tests. The consumer electronics chain Best Buy has OTC hearing aids available online and in nearly 300 stores.
The cost:
Most OTC hearing aids will cost between $500 and $1,500 for a pair, though some may run up to $3,000.
1. Who will not be helped by the hearing aids?
A. David who is unable to hear the noise of power tools.
B. Jack who can’t make out regular phone calls clearly.
C. Messy who need to turn up the TV volume louder than others do.
D. Poppy who can’t understand group conversations in noisy places.
2. Which of the following is correct according to the passage?
A. OTC hearing aids are only available online.
B. The prices of OTC hearing aids vary considerably.
C. Hearing tests will be provided at every selling spot.
D. OTC hearing aids offered by Walmart are the most expensive
3. Which section of the newspaper is this passage probably taken from?
A. Economy B. Health C. Sports D. Entertainment
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款即将上市的价格比处方助听器低数千美元的非处方助听器的基本情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Who might be helped:部分的“The FDA approved OTC hearing aids for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. That can include people who have trouble hearing phone calls or who turn up the TV volume loud enough that others complain. It also can include people who have trouble understanding group conversations in noisy places. OTC hearing aids aren’t intended for people with deeper hearing loss, which may include those who have trouble hearing louder noises, like power tools and cars.(美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准了用于轻度至中度听力损失的成年人的非处方助听器。这可能包括听不见电话的人，或者把电视音量开得太大而引起别人抱怨的人。它还包括那些在嘈杂的地方无法理解群体对话的人。非处方助听器并不适用于听力损失严重的人，这些人可能包括那些听不到电动工具和汽车等较大噪音的人。)”可知非处方助听器并不适用于听力损失严重的人，这些人可能包括那些听不到电动工具和汽车等较大噪音的人，所以这款助听器不能帮助David，因为他听不到电动工具的噪音，听力严重受损。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Who’s selling:部分的“Several major retailers now offer OTC hearing aids online and on store shelves. Walgreens drugstores, for example, are selling Lexie Lumen hearing aids nationwide for $799. Walmart offers OTC hearing aids ranging from about $200 to $1,000 per pair. Its health centers will provide hearing tests. The consumer electronics chain Best Buy has OTC hearing aids available online and in nearly 300 stores.(一些主要的零售商现在在网上和商店货架上提供OTC助听器。例如，沃尔格林（Walgreens）药店在全国范围内以799美元的价格销售Lexie Lumen助听器。沃尔玛提供的非处方助听器价格从每副200美元到1000美元不等。它的健康中心将提供听力测试。消费电子产品连锁店百思买（Best Buy）在网上和近300家门店都有OTC助听器。)”可知非处方助听器在网上和商店里都可以买到，所以选项A不对；依据文章The cost:部分的“Most OTC hearing aids will cost between $500 and $1,500 for a pair, though some may run up to $3,000.(大多数非处方助听器的价格在500美元到1500美元之间，但有些可能高达3000美元。)”可知沃尔玛提供的非处方助听器价格不是最贵的，所以选项D不对，而大多数非处方助听器的价格在500美元到1500美元之间，但有些可能高达3000美元，所以可以推出非处方助听器的价格变化很大，所以B项正确；根据Hearing test:部分的“Before over-the-counter, you usually needed to get your hearing tested and buy hearing aids from a specialist. That’s no longer the case. But it can be hard for people to measure their own hearing. You can still choose to see a specialist just for that test, which is often covered by insurance, and then buy the aids on your own. There also are a number of apps and questionnaires available to determine whether you need help.(在非处方助听器出现之前，你通常需要进行听力测试，并从专家那里购买助听器。现在情况已经不同了。但人们很难测量自己的听力。你仍然可以选择去看专家检查，这通常是由保险支付的，然后自己购买辅助设备。还有一些应用程序和调查问卷可以帮助你确定是否需要帮助。)”以及“Who’s selling:部分的Walmart offers OTC hearing aids ranging from about $200 to $1,000 per pair. Its health centers will provide hearing tests.(沃尔玛提供的非处方助听器价格从每副200美元到1000美元不等。它的健康中心将提供听力测试。)”可知不是每一个销售点都将提供听力测试，所以选项C不对。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’s now a lot easier — and cheaper — for many hard-of-hearing Americans to get help. Hearing aids can now be sold without a prescription from a specialist. Over-the-counter, or OTC, hearing aids started hitting the market in October at prices that can be thousands of dollars lower than prescription hearing aids.(现在，对许多听力不好的美国人来说，获得帮助要容易得多，也便宜得多。现在，助听器可以在没有专家处方的情况下出售。非处方助听器于10月份开始上市，价格比处方助听器低数千美元。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知文章主要介绍了一款非处方助听器的基本情况，话题与人们的健康有关系，所以文章可能出自报纸的健康板块。故选B项。
B
Jim Thorpe is one of the greatest athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity.
Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.
But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the 1912 Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised(临时拼凑) by getting shoes out of the garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.
He still went on to win two gold medals—winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin(标枪). The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed second.
At the Olympics，he also took part in the decathlon(十项全能运动). He finished first in two events, third in four events, and fourth in two more. Thorpe ended up finishing third in the world. He was undoubtedly a dominating force that couldn’t be stopped and just kept on going.
I think Paul Dughi said it best, “ It’s hard to imagine now that pro athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.”
4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. The adversity Thorpe met with led to his success.
B. Thorpe’s success was no guarantee of a better life.
C. Thorpe’s career brought him both gains and losses.
D Thorpe suffered many hardships despite his success.
5. Why did Thorpe wear more socks on one foot?
A. To prevent the foot from injury.
B. To make the shoe fit the foot.
C. To stop the shoe from being stolen.
D. To show his problem-solving skills.
6. What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin?
A. Loss of his own sports shoes.
B. A casual attitude towards the event.
C. Lack of experience in the event.
D. A shortage of talent for the event.
7. Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe?
A. Loyal and enthusiastic.
B. Genuine and creative.
C. Tough and strong-minded.
D. Selfless and good-tempered.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了美国印第安人吉姆·索普坎坷的人生经历和他作为运动员所取得的骄人成绩。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary athletic skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice. Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents.”（索普是来自俄克拉荷马州的美洲印第安人，他在年轻时通过艰苦劳动发展了非凡的运动技能。也正是在他年轻的时候，他学会了忍受种族偏见带来的苦难。许多人会说他的童年并不容易。他出身贫寒，9岁时双胞胎兄弟去世，几年后他失去了双亲。）可知,吉姆·索普经历了很多苦难，幼年时双胞胎兄弟过世，随后父母双亡,青年时又困扰于种族偏见带来的磨难：以及划线句前面的yet表转折意义,可知,划线部分的意思是虽然索普后来有所成就，但却经历了很多苦难。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out.”（鞋子有两个不同的尺寸，他一只脚上多穿了一双袜子来平衡。）可知，两只鞋大小不一，因此索普多穿袜子就是为了让鞋合脚。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“because he had never competed in that event before”（因为他以前从未参加过那个项目）可知，他没有参加过标枪比赛，因此比赛经验不足最可能是他失利的原因。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的叙述可知，吉姆·索普成长过程中经历过很多苦难，这很大程度上塑造了他坚韧不拔的性格。第三段的“But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes.”（但这并没有阻止他去做他喜欢的事情，去追求他的梦想。似乎没有什么能阻止他，甚至是偷来的鞋子。）正是对他坚韧不拔性格的刻画，由此可知, tough(坚韧的)和strong-minded(意志坚定的)是对他最准确的描述。故选C。
C
It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they’re meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.
In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to have a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong. Participants interacted with a computer alone in a room while their faces were recorded by video.
After the quiz, the participants were asked to rate(评价) their experience using a range of 12 emotions including “bored”, “interested” and “frustrated”. Meanwhile, their facial expressions were analyzed by computer frame by frame in order to judge how much they were smiling on a basis of a scale of between 0 and 1.
“According to some researchers, a real smile reflects the inner state of amusement. However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isn’t driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.” Dr Witchel said.
Participants didn’t tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.”
8. Why did Dr Witchel use difficult questions in the quiz?
A. To discover the most intelligent participants.
B. To create a stressful situation for participants.
C. To make the answer period last as long as possible.
D. To make it hard for participants to answer them correctly.
9. What can we infer from the idea of behavioral ecology?
A. Smiles reflect the inner state of cheerfulness.
B. Smiling is associated with objective engagement.
C. Smiling is usually connected with social activities.
D Smiles aren’t necessarily useful tools in social interactions.
10. Which of the following will Dr Witchel agree with?
A. There is a need for further research on smiling.
B. Participants smiled when their answer was correct.
C. Smiles have nothing to do with happiness or frustration.
D. Participants smiled less when they got the answer wrong.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How to Identify a Real Smile?
B. What Contributes to Real Happiness?
C. People Hold a Wrong View on Happiness.
D. Smiling Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Happiness.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微笑仅仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In his research, he asked 44 participants aged 18-35 to play a geography quiz consisting of nine difficult questions so that they often got the answer wrong.（在他的研究中，他让44名年龄在18-35岁之间的参与者玩一个由9道难题组成的地理智力测验游戏，这样他们的答案就会经常出错。）”由此可知，Witchel博士在问答游戏中使用难题是为了使参与者很难正确回答。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘However, the idea of behavioral ecology suggests that all smiles are tools used in social interactions, meaning cheerfulness is neither necessary nor sufficient for smiling. Our study showed that in these human-computer interaction experiments, smiling isn’t driven by happiness; it is associated with subjective involvement( 主观参与), which acts like a kind of social fuel for smiling, even when socializing with a computer on your own.’ Dr Witchel said.（“然而，行为生态学的观点认为，所有的微笑都是社交中使用的工具，这意味着快乐既不是微笑的必要条件，也不是微笑的充分条件。我们的研究表明，在这些人机交互实验中，微笑不是由快乐驱动的；它与主观参与有关，就像一种微笑的社交燃料，即使是独自与电脑进行社交。”Witchel博士说。）由此我们可以从行为生态学理论中推断出，微笑通常与社会活动有关。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Participants didn’t tend to smile during the period when they were trying to figure out the answers. However, they did smile right after the computer informed them whether their answer was correct or not. Surprisingly, participants smiled more often when they got the answer wrong. Dr Witchel added, “During these computerized quizzes, smiling greatly increased just after they answered questions incorrectly. This behavior could not be explained by ratings of happiness or frustration.（在试着找出答案的过程中，参与者往往不会微笑。然而，当电脑告诉他们答案是否正确时，他们确实微笑了。令人惊讶的是，当参与者回答错误时，他们微笑的次数更多。维切尔博士补充说:“在这些电脑测试中，他们在回答错误的问题后微笑大大增加。这种行为不能用幸福或沮丧的评分来解释。”）由此可知，在Witchel博士会同意，当答案正确时，参与者微笑了。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“It is widely believed that smiling means a person is happy, and it usually occurs when they're meeting another person or a group of people. However, a new study led by Dr. Harry Witchel, a body language expert, shows that it is not always the case.（人们普遍认为，微笑意味着一个人很快乐，通常出现在他们与另一个人或一群人见面的时候。然而，身体语言专家Harry Witchel博士领导的一项新研究表明，情况并非总是如此。）”结合文章主要说明了人们普遍认为微笑意味着一个人是快乐的，但是研究表明，微笑仅仅是社交的需要，并不表明这个人一定快乐。由此可知，D选项“微笑并不一定意味着快乐”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine. When you read or listen to something, your brain doesn’t take each word at face value: it’s continuously taking statistics about which words appear together regularly so that it can expect what’s coming next and process speech faster.
Our brains continuously release electrical signals, which change depending on what task your brain is dealing with. Scientists can use a technique to read some of these to study how your brain processes language.
One of these signals, called N400, changes depending on whether words make sense in context or not. The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap. This means that scientists can read the N400 height to analyze the kind of expectations you have about which words usually appear together.
In language learners, the N400 changes based on proficiency （熟练程度）. The better people get at a language, the closer their N400 pattern is to native speaker’s. This means that an important part of language proficiency is taking statistics and building expectations about what words usually appear together, just as native speakers do.
To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together. Reading is a great way to do this and there’s lots of research that shows that reading works wonders for your vocabulary skills.
However, it is important to remember that if there are too many unknown words, it can be difficult to figure out what they mean from the context. And it is unpleasant having to stop every two miles to look up a word. Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.
12. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?
A. To state a fact. B. To offer a suggestion.
C. To make a comparison. D. To propose a definition.
13. What does it mean if the N400 increases?
A. We make sense of some word combinations in a context.
B. We combine some new words to make a sentence.
C. We memorize some word combinations to learn a language.
D. We meet some word combinations beyond our expectations.
14. How can we have a native speaker-like N400 pattern according to the author?
A. By reading some books about vocabulary skills.
B. By reading lots of natural content.
C. By reading loads of books about nature and drawing pictures.
D. By reading authentic content to increase our vocabulary.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It is more beneficial to read easy books.
B. It is important to look up new words.
C. We should mainly read adapted books.
D. We should choose materials right for our level.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N400来研究了大脑是如何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的读本。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“You may not know it, but your brain is already an amazing vocabulary learning machine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一个很好的词汇学习机器。）”可知，后文举例说明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事实，故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The N400 is relatively small for expected word combinations, like coffee and cream, and increases in height for unexpected word combinations, like coffee and cap.（对于预料中的单词组合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话，那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“To get better at this, we need to flood our brains with loads of natural content, so we can build up a picture of which kinds of words usually appear together.（为了更擅长这点，我们需要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常一起出现。）”可知，如果我们想要像本土人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Graded readers, which are books adapted to make them easier to understand at lower levels, are perfect for learners of foreign languages.（分级读本对于外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话才有利于学习，故选D。
E
Two thirds of the ice in the glaciers (冰川) of the Alps is doomed! These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study.
Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century. The most pessimistic prediction tells us that the Alps will be mostly ice-free by 2100. Only isolated ice patches would remain at high altitudes, representing five per cent, at most, of the ice volume seen today.
The researchers warn that the loss of these glaciers will mean much less water is available for farming and hydroelectricity, especially during droughts. It would also affect nature and tourism.
In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons. This will lead to serious consequences for almost two billion people who live downstream. Glaciers along the Hindu Kush and Himalayan range are at higher, colder altitudes. If global carbon emissions are not cut, however, two-thirds of their ice could be gone by 2100.
The latest research combined computer models with real-world data to forecast the fate of the glaciers. It used 2017 as its starting point. Unlike previous work, these models included how the glaciers move down the mountains. Applying this approach to other glaciated mountain chains could improve ice loss forecasts there.
Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.
16. What does the underlined word “doomed” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Polluted. B. Discovered. C. Endangered. D. Abandoned.
17. What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A. Emissions have much to do with the ice melting.
B. The Alps is expected to lose all its ice by 2100.
C. Ice loss will be avoided with emissions prevented.
D. Large ice pieces will just exist at the mountain top.
18. Why are the Asia’s ice fields mentioned in paragraph 4?
A. To explain how glacier melting came about.
B. To imply pollution is a worldwide problem.
C. To show what consequences ice melting will cause.
D. To indicate the Alps is not alone to face ice melting.
19. What is the writer’s attitude towards the future of glaciers?
A. Objective. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿尔卑斯山和亚洲的冰川面临严重威胁，可能在本世纪末融化，文中分析了其原因，同时也提出了解决问题的思路。
【16题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“These glaciers will melt by the end of the century as global temperatures rise, according to a recent study. (根据最近的一项研究，随着全球气温的上升，这些冰川将在本世纪末融化)”可知，冰川将在本世纪末融化，由此推知，划线词所在句中的“阿尔卑斯山的冰川”也面临同样的威胁，结合选项可知，划线词doomed与endangered同义，意为“有危险的”。故选C项。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientists claim that half the ice held in some 4,000 Alpine glaciers will disappear by 2050 due to global warming through the effect of past emissions. After that, even if carbon emissions drop to zero, two-thirds of the ice will still have melted by 2100. If emissions continue to rise at the current rate, the ice tongues will have all but disappeared from Alpine valleys by the end of the century.(科学家们预测，到2050年，由于全球变暖，由于过去排放的影响，阿尔卑斯山4000多座冰川中一半的冰将消失。在那之后，即使碳排放降至零，到2100年仍会有三分之二的冰融化。如果排放量继续以目前的速度增长，到本世纪末，这些冰舌将几乎从阿尔卑斯山谷中消失)”可推知，碳排放与冰融化有很大关系。故选A项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In February, a study found that a third of the huge ice fields in Asia’s towering mountain chains were also under threat for the same reasons.(今年2月，一项研究发现，由于同样的原因，亚洲高耸山脉中三分之一的巨大冰原也面临威胁)”可推知，第四段提到亚洲的冰原是为了表明阿尔卑斯山并不是唯一面临冰融化的地方。故选D项。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合文章最后一段“Cutting the emissions from fossil-fuel burning, deforestation and other polluting activities is the biggest factor in minimizing the melting of the ice. The future of these glaciers is indeed at risk, but there is still a possibility of limiting their disappearance.(减少化石燃料燃烧、森林砍伐和其他污染活动的排放是最大限度地减少冰融化的最大因素。这些冰川的未来确实处于危险之中，但仍然有可能限制它们的消失)”可知，文中作者表达了对碳排放造成冰川融化的担忧，但同时也提出改变这一情况的可能，所以作者认为冰川的未来取决于人类自身，对冰川的未来持客观的态度。故选A项。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind? ___20___
• Self-Compassion （自我关怀）
___21___ This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others' expectations. The answer to perfectionism isn't letting it all go— it's self-compassion, which means you are kind and understanding when faced with personal failures—after all, who ever said you were supposed to be perfect? How we treat ourselves through the ups and downs of life can have a huge impact on health and mental health.
• Social Connection
From the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. ___22___ It can be talking to one trusted person about how you're really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend. If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging. ___23___
• Exercise
Exercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary （缺乏锻炼的）lifestyle is a risk factor. ___24___Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes, three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%.
So the best approach is: Get whatever support is in reach and care for your mind based on what works for you.
A. It is important to be kind to yourself
B. But it doesn't have to be a big party or an office full of people.
C. Being constantly self-critical is risky for anxiety and depression.
D. It may be vital to understand happiness when we struggle with mood.
E. One study found that 15 minutes a day of exercise significantly prevents depression.
F. The following behaviors are key ones linked to prevention of anxiety and depression.
G. Studies have shown that just thinking of positive relationships can help you tolerate stress.
【答案】20. F 21. C 22. B 23. G 24. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。焦虑和抑郁是很复杂的情况，文章提出了三个预防或缓解焦虑和抑郁的有效方法。

【20题详解】
根据上文“Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from learning how to care for their mind? (焦虑和抑郁是复杂的情况。但是，每个人都能从学习如何照顾自己的心灵中受益吗?)”的问题，结合下文提出几种预防焦虑和抑郁的方法可知，此处内容应对这个问题进行回答，并引出下文内容，F项“以下行为是预防焦虑和抑郁的关键。”符合文意，承上启下，故选F项。

【21题详解】
根据下文“This can include feeling like you must be perfect to be accepted or an unrealistic sense of others' expectations.(这包括你必须完美才能被接受，或者对别人的期望有一种不现实的感觉。)”可知人对自己的要求过高，追求完美，那么就会进行自我批评，这很容易导致焦虑和抑郁，所以C项“不断地自我批评会导致焦虑和抑郁。”，This 指代“不断地自我批评”，故选C项。

【22题详解】
前文内容“From the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed. (从我们出生的时候起，我们就需要社会联系来成长和成功。)提到我们要与社会联系，结合下文“It can be talking to one trusted person about how you're really doing or having a visit with any family member or friend.(可以是和一个你信任的人谈论你的真实情况，也可以是拜访任何家人或朋友。)”可知不需要与过多的人进行联系，所以B项“但这并不一定是一个大的派对或一办公室的人。”符合文意，故选B项。

【23题详解】
根据上一句“If this feels out of reach, try making a short list of people who at any point have given you a sense of belonging.(如果这让你觉得遥不可及，那就试着列出一些在任何时候都给你带来归属感的人。)”可知，此处建议与一些较为亲近，让你有归属感的人联系起来，G项“研究表明，思考积极的人际关系可以帮助你承受压力。”说明了这个做法的理由，思考积极的人际关系帮助承受压力，故选G项。

【24题详解】
根据上一句“Exercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary （缺乏锻炼的）lifestyle is a risk factor. (运动对预防抑郁症很重要，因为久坐的生活方式也是一个风险因素。)可知运动有助于预防抑郁症，结合下文“Another study found that 12 weeks of exercise at 30 minutes, three to five times per week reduced symptoms by 47%.(另一项研究发现，12周30分钟的锻炼，每周3到5次，可以减少47%的症状。)”可知运动可以减少抑郁症状，所以E项“一项研究发现，每天15分钟的锻炼可以显著预防抑郁症。”符合文意，其中“one study”对应“another study”，都在说明运动对应预防和缓解抑郁症的作用，故选E项。

第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分 45 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Thirty years ago, I was a senior high school student. One day after our test papers were____25____, our math teacher asked twelve students who had made exactly the same mistakes to remain. There is nothing really new about ____26____ in exams. Perhaps that was why she didn’t even say a word about it. ____27____, she wrote on the blackboard the words by Thomas Macaulay: the real ____28____ is not measured by what a man does in ____29____, where he’ll be seen, but what he would do if he knew he would never be____30____ out.
I don’t know about the other eleven boys. Speaking for myself I can say: it was the most important single ____31____of my life. Now entering my third decade after being____32____to Macaulay’s words, they still seem to me the best ____33____, because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.
____34____ of us will be asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But all of us are____35____ daily to make a great many personal decisions. Should the wallet, found in the street, be put into a pocket ____36____ turned over to the policeman? Should the ____37____change received at the store be forgotten or____38____? Nobody will know except you. But you have to live with yourself, and it is always____39____ to live with yourself deserving your own respect.
25. A. marked B. completed C. examined D. collected
26. A. checking B. discussing C. cheating D. worrying
27. A. Personally B. Unfortunately C. Instead D. Suddenly
28. A. feature B. character C. advantage D. wisdom
29. A. practice B. danger C. detail D. public
30. A. found B. worked C. figured D. pointed
31. A. chance B. lesson C. incident D. memory
32. A. referred B. shown C. brought D. introduced
33. A. sentence B. choice C. reason D. standard
34. A. Few B. All C. Some D. Any
35. A. given out B. cut off C. cheered up D. called upon
36. A. and B. so C. or D. but
37 A. extra B. small C. some D. necessary
38. A. paid B. remembered C. returned D. shared
39. A. easier B. better C. harder D. freer
【答案】25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。讲述了作者学生时期一次考试作弊后，老师让其抄写名言：衡量一个人真正品格的标准是如果他知道自己永远不会被发现他会怎么做。自此作者将此名言铭记于心，并以此为准绳规范自己的言行。
【25题详解】
考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：一天，在我们的试卷被批改后，我们的数学老师要求十二个犯同样错误的学生留下来。A. marked做标记；打分数；B. completed完成；C. examined检查；D. collected收集。根据下文“our math teacher asked twelve students who had made exactly the same mistakes to remain”可知，老师在判完卷子后发现问题，于是要求十二个犯同样错误的学生留下来。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义的辨析。句意：考试作弊并不是什么新鲜事。A. checking检查；B. discussing讨论；C. cheating欺骗、作弊；D. worrying担忧。由前文“twelve students who had made exactly the same mistakes to remain.”可知，十二个学生犯了同样的错误，这说明他们考试作弊，cheating in exam是一个固定短语，意为：考试作弊。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义的辨析。句意：相反，她在黑板上写了托马斯·麦考利的一句话:衡量一个人真正的品质，不是看他在公众场合、被人看到的地方做了什么，而是看他在知道自己永远不会被发现的情况下会做什么。A. Personally个人而言；B. Unfortunately不幸地 ；C. Instead相反 ；D. Suddenly突然。根据“she didn’t even say a word about it..”可知，奥尼尔老师没有问我们任何问题，相反在黑板上写了托马斯·麦考利的话。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义的辨析。句意：相反，她在黑板上写了托马斯·麦考利的一句话:衡量一个人真正的品质，不是看他在公众场合、被人看到的地方做了什么，而是看他在知道自己永远不会被发现的情况下会做什么。A. feature特征；B. character品质；C. advantage优势；D. wisdom智慧。根据“ what he would do if he knew he would never be　　6　　　 out.”可知，这是对一个人品质的衡量。故选B。
29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她在黑板上写了托马斯·麦考利的一句话:衡量一个人真正的品质，不是看他在公众场合、被人看到的地方做了什么，而是看他在知道自己永远不会被发现的情况下会做什么。A. practice实践；B. danger危险；C. detail详细；D. public公开。根据“where he’ll be seen,”可知，这是公开场合。in public“公开的”，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义的辨析。句意：相反，她在黑板上写了托马斯·麦考利的一句话:衡量一个人真正的智慧，不是看他在公众场合、被人看到的地方做了什么，而是看他在知道自己永远不会被发现的情况下会做什么。A. found发现；B. worked工作 ；C. figured弄明白 ；D. pointed指出。根据“where he’ll be seen, but”可知，这是不被人发现的情况下，find out发现，work out解决，figure out弄清楚，point out指出。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义的辨析。句意：就我自己而言，我可以说：这是我生命中最重要的一课。A. chance机会；B. lesson课；教训；C. incident事情；事件；D. memory记忆。根据下文“they still seem to me the best ___9___ ”可知，我把托马斯•麦考利的话当作我行事的最佳准绳，由此可知，奥尼尔老师那天在黑板上写下了托马斯•麦考利话的那节课，是我人生当中最重要的一课。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查过去分词词义的辨析。句意：在得知麦考利的话三十年后，在我看来，这句话仍然是最好的准则，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而不是他人的方法。A. referred提到；设计；B. shown展示；C. brought带来；D. introduced介绍。introduce sb sth意译为：使某人知道到、了解到某物，其被动结构为“be introduced to sth ”，根据语境再结合空格后“to Macaulay’s words,”可知，此处指作者在知道麦考利的话三十年后，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查固定搭配及名词词义的辨析。句意：在得知麦考利的话三十年后，在我看来，这句话仍然是最好的准则，因为它们给了我们一种衡量自己而不是他人的方法。A. sentence句子；B. choice选择；C. reason原因；D. standard标准。根据空格后“to measure ourselves rather than others.”可知，此处指麦考利的话是衡量我们自己的最好的标准。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查不定代词词义的辨析。句意：很少有人会被要求对国家开战或军队开战做出重大决定。A. Few几乎没有（修饰可数名词）；B. All所有的；C. Some一些；D. Any任何。根据下文“decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle.”可知能做国家开战或军队开战决定的人是十分少的。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语的辨析。句意：但是我们每个人每天都被要求做出许多个人决定。A. given out分发；B. cut off 中断；C. cheered up欢呼；D. called upon要求。根据下文“10 of us will be asked to make great decisions about nations going to war or armies going to battle. But”可知，前后表示转折，虽然很少有人会被要求对国家开战或军队开战做出重大决定，但是我们却被要求做出许多个人决定，此处called upon和上文“be asked”相呼应，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查并列连词词义的辨析。句意：在街上捡到的钱包，应该放进口袋里还是交给警察？ A. and和；并且；B. so因此；C. or或者；D. but但是。分析可知“put into a pocket”与“turned over to the policeman”是并列选择关系。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义的辨析。句意：在商店收到的额外的零钱应该被忽略还是退回？ A. extra额外的；多余的；B. small小的；C. some一些；D. necessary有必要的。根据语境可知此处指商店找错（多找）的零钱。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查过去分词词义的的辨析。句意：在商店收到的额外的零钱应该被忽略还是退回？A. paid付；B. remembered记得；C. returned退回；D. shared分享。根据or可知，此处指当我们收到额外的零钱时我们是应该假装不知道还是退回去。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义的辨析。句意：但是你必须学会和自己相处，伴随自己尊敬的人生活会更好。A. easier更容易；B. better更好；C.harder更难；D.freeer更自由。根据下文“to live with yourself deserving your own respect.”再结合前文有关麦考利名言对我的积极影响可知此处指我们首先得学会和自己相处，若能伴随自己尊敬的人生活将更好。故选B。
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shenzhou XIV’s return capsule, ____40____ (carry) astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe, touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China. The astronauts were all in good physical condition, indicating the Shenzhou XIV mission was ____41____ complete success.
China____42____ (adopt) a “three-step” strategy to push space____43____ (explore) boundaries on its own since 1992. The first step was____44____ (send) astronauts into space and ensure their safe return. The second step was developing____45____ (advance) space flight techniques and technologies, including extravehicular activity and orbital docking, after____46____China concentrated efforts____47____ operating a permanent manned space station.
China will welcome astronauts from other countries to enter its space station to conduct ____48____ (experiment), said Ji Qiming, assistant to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) director, adding that several space science application projects_____49_____ (official) selected by China and the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs are being implemented as planned.
【答案】40. carrying
41. a 42. has adopted
43. exploration
44. to send

45. advanced
46. which 47. on
48. experiments
49. officially
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国神舟十四号返回舱的成功着陆和中国的太空探索计划。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟十四号返回舱载着航天员陈冬、刘洋和蔡旭哲在中国北方的东风着陆点着陆。分析句子可知，“(carry) astronauts Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe”作后置定语修饰名词return capsule，carry是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语return capsule之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故填carrying。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：所有宇航员的身体状况都很好，这表明神舟十四号任务取得了圆满成功。可数名词success在句中表示“一件成功的事情”，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，空格后单词complete发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：自1992年以来，中国一直采取了“三步走”战略来推动自己的太空探索边界。分析句子可知，adopt(采取)是句中谓语动词，与主语China之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语since 1992，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语China是专有名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的主动语态，单数形式。故填has adopted。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：自1992年以来，中国一直采取了“三步走”战略来推动自己的太空探索边界。根据句意，应使用名词exploration构成名词词组space exploration boundaries，作宾语，意为“太空探索边界”。故填exploration。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第一步是将宇航员送入太空并确保他们安全返回。分析句子可知，“(send) astronauts into space”作表语，send是非谓语动词，结合句中并列动词“and ensure”可推知，应使用不定式to send作表语。故填to send。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：第二步是发展先进的空间飞行技术和科技，包括舱外活动和轨道对接，之后中国集中力量运行永久载人空间站。根据句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词词组space flight techniques，应用形容词advanced，意为“先进的”。故填advanced。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：第二步是发展先进的空间飞行技术和科技，包括舱外活动和轨道对接，之后中国集中力量运行永久载人空间站。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词代替“发展先进的空间飞行技术和科技”这件事情在定语从句中作介词after后的宾语，只能用which引导该定语从句。故填which。
【47题详解】
考查介词。句意：第二步是发展先进的空间飞行技术和科技，包括舱外活动和轨道对接，之后中国集中力量运行永久载人空间站。concentrate...on...为固定搭配，意为“使……集中于……”。故填on。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国载人航天局主任助理季启明表示，中国将欢迎其他国家的宇航员进入中国空间站进行实验，并补充说，中国和联合国外层空间事务厅正式选定的几个空间科学应用项目正在按计划实施。提示词作宾语用名词，根据句意和常识可知，在空间站进行实验会很多，应用复数名词。故填experiments。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国载人航天局主任助理季启明表示，中国将欢迎其他国家的宇航员进入中国空间站进行实验，并补充说，中国和联合国外层空间事务厅正式选定的几个空间科学应用项目正在按计划实施。根据句意，提示词修饰动词selected，用副词officially作状语，意为“正式”。故填officially。

第三节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分, 满 分 5 分）
课文原文填空。
Everywhere____50____ looked, there was nothing but ruins. Nearly everything in the city was____51____. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. ____52____ covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal. Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now____53____ the wells instead of water. People were in____54____.
【答案】50. survivors
51. destroyed
52. Bricks 53. filled
54. shock
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是唐山大地震发生之后的悲惨景象。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：幸存者环顾四周，只见一片废墟。空格处为主语，结合上下文可知此处表示“幸存者”，应用名词survivor，为可数名词，之前无不定冠词修饰，用复数形式符合句意。故填survivors。
【51题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：城市里几乎一切都被毁了。结合上下文可知此处表示“毁坏；破坏”，应用动词的destory，everything与destory之间为被动关系，由空前的was可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填destoryed。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：砖块像红色的秋叶一样覆盖作者大地。空处为句子主语，结合上文及空后的“red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away.”可知此处表示“砖块”，应用名词brick，为可数名词，之前无不定冠词修饰，用复数形式符合句意，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Bricks。
【53题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：井里装满了沙子而不是水。空处应填谓语动词，结合上下文及空后的he wells instead of water可知此处表示“填满”，应用动词fill，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填filled。
【54题详解】
考查名词和固定搭配。句意：人们震惊了。结合上下文此处表示“处于震惊中”应用介词短语in shock，固定搭配。故填shock。
第四节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满 分 10 分）
单词填空，请在答题卡填写完整单词。
55. What kind of education can be meaningful to young people a_________ ( 影响) by conflict?(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】affected##ffected
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：什么样的教育对受冲突影响的年轻人有意义?分析句子结构可知，affect在句中作非谓语并充当定语成分来修饰名词people。affect和people之间的关系为被动关系。故填affected。
56. This will make your car more visible to r_________ (营救) crews. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】rescue##escue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这将使你的车更容易被救援人员发现。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，“营救”是rescue，“营救人员”是rescue crews，名词作定语。故填rescue。
57. Music is an important way we express human s_________ (苦 难), celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】suffering##uffering
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：音乐是我们表达人类苦难、庆祝、和平与爱的意义和价值的重要方式。由空前的动词express及空后的celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love可知应填名词形式suffering，与celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love并列作宾语。故填suffering。
58. Find the s_________ (特定的) area that you are most interested in and develop it. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】specific##pecific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：找到你最感兴趣的特定领域并发展它。根据汉语提示和首字母可知，特定的是specific，形容词修饰名词作定语。故填specific。
59. Drawing back my free hand, I s_________ (击打) the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】struck##truck
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我缩回空着的那只手，使劲地打了那只熊五六下。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，击打是strike，主语I后缺少谓语动词，根据could可知，用一般过去时，故填struck。
60. More staff is needed to meet the d_________ ( 需求) of the people who are concerned about their physical well-being. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】demand##emand
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：需要更多的工作人员来满足那些关心他们身体健康的人的需求。由空前的 meet the可知应填名词形式demand，作宾语，meet the demand 意为“满足需求”，固定搭配。故填demand。
61. That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of e_________ (紧急事件). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】emergency##mergeny
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻依靠我。由空前的介词介词of可知应填名词形式emergency，作宾语。故填emergency。
62. All human beings should be considered e_________ (平等的). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】equal##qual
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有的人都应该被认为是平等的。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，“平等的”是equal，consider somebody+形容词表示认为某人怎样，故填equal。
63. We decided to collect as many school s_________ (补给品) as possible, and make them into kits. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】supplies##upplies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们决定收集尽可能多的学习用品，并把它们做成工具包。根据单词首字母及句意“补给品；供应品”及空前的 collect as many school可知应填名词形式supplies，作宾语。故填supplies。
64. He a_________ (感激) the responsibility you’ve given him and enjoys his freedom. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】appreciates##ppreciates
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他感激你给他的责任，享受他的自由。根据汉语提示可知，感激是appreciate，再结合and 后面的动词enjoys可知，时态是一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词也用单数，故填appreciates。
第四部分 书面表达（满分 15 分）
65. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Tom得知中国的新年要来了，想请你给他写封邮件介绍春节。内容包括：
1. 节日时间；
2. 节日风俗；
3. 邀请他一起过节。
注意： 1.写作词数应为 100 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Knowing that you are interested in the Spring Festival, so I’m writing to introduce it to you.
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and it is a time when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month. On that day we often eat our traditional dumplings, which is very delicious. Besides, people usually decorate the doors and windows with red couplets and hang red lanterns, because red means good luck. Perhaps you will enjoy yangko dance and set off fireworks with us if you come. Children can get lucky money from their parents and grandparents.
I’d like to invite you to join us for the Spring Festival. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生同学Tom写封邮件介绍春节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
对……感兴趣：be interested in→be fond of
此外：besides→what’s more
经常：usually→often
美味的：delicious→tasty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, People usually decorate the doors and windows with red couplets and hang red lanterns because red means good luck.
拓展句：The reason why people usually decorate the doors and windows with red couplets and hang red lanterns is that red means good luck.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On that day we often eat our traditional food-dumplings, which is very delicious.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Knowing that you are interested in the Spring Festival, now I’m writing to introduce it to you.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)