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备战中考英语易错题精编 易错点19 短文填空 （解析版）
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这是一份备战中考英语易错题精编 易错点19 短文填空 （解析版），共32页。试卷主要包含了 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形， 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。
中高考易错题的重要性
中考冲刺阶段，除了知识点的总结，进行模块化的复习和整理以外，对于易错的题型也是冲刺阶段必备的。复习板块之一。我们通常都说冲刺阶段一定要回归课本，对于基础的知识点以及知识的应用能力的提高是迫在眉睫的。那么易错体对于提升知识的应用能力以及巩固基础来说是非常重要的一个环节。
首先，冲刺阶段的易错题能够帮助我们快速的查缺补漏，总结经验教训，知识梳理，提高知识的应用能力。
其次，通过对错题分析，其中涉及到的知识点以及考点的分析与总结，它能够减少我们复习过程当中同类型的题或者是同一知识点的犯错频率。
第三，对于错题集的复习，最简单的方法就是盖住答案，然后重新来做一遍，从分析的角度条件的分析以及技巧的使用三个方面进行逐一的排除。
第四，在这些错题当中，并非所有的错题都是每个同学易错的，那么在第一遍的错题复习当中，我们就要进行排除，筛选出符合自己特点错题及其针对性也才更强。
如果自己已经完全掌握的，那么就当是对于知识点的再一次复习。这样的错题对于提升自己的能力来说也才是起到了最大的作用。
易错点19 短文填空
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
They eat wild animals, plants, berries, nuts, and insects. They hunt with bows and arrows. There are lots of dangerous snakes and spiders. It’s one of southern Africa’s 11 (hot) places, and there is often no water. Then they have to get water from plants. 12 they are ill, there are no hospitals. The people have to get medicine from plants too.
They are the San, 13 last people living in the Kalahari. The San people have another name—”bush people”. 14 (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do. The San people live in small groups of 25- 50. They live in huts—little “houses”. These houses 15 (make) of wood and grass. There are no schools for the children. Children learn from the older people in the group. There are lots of things they have to learn so that they can live 16 a dangerous place like the Kalahari. In the evenings, the group of people often sit around a fire and tell stories.
The Kalahari is a big area of bushland in the southern Africa. It 17 (have) two parts. There is less rain in the southern part than in the northern part, 18 the south is drier. There are fewer plants and animals there, and it’s more difficult for people 19 (live). But when it rains at the end of the summer, the land becomes greener and more beautiful. For a few weeks, there are 20 (million) of little flowers and even butterflies!
【答案】
11．hottest
12．When/If
13．the
14．Their
15．are made
16．in
17．has
18．so
19．to live
20．millions
【分析】
文章介绍了喀拉哈里沙漠的地理情况以及在那里生活的最后的居民的生活情况。
11．句意：它是非洲南部最热的地方之一。“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，故填hottest。
12．句意：当/如果他们生病了，没有医院。结合语境，此处表达的是“当/如果他们生病了”，可以用when引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填When/If。
13．句意：他们是桑人，喀拉哈里沙漠最后的居民。此处指的是“最后的”，last前应用定冠词修饰，故填the。
14．句意：他们的生活方式很简单。空格修饰其后的名词，应用形容词性物主代词，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Their。
15．句意：这些房子是用木头和草建造的。主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实应用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故填are made。
16．句意：他们必须学习很多东西才能在喀拉哈里这样危险的地方生存。live in+地点“在……生活”，故此处用介词in，故填in。
17．句意：它有两个部分。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式，故填has。
18．句意：南方的雨水比北方少，所以南方比较干燥。空格前后句之间是因果关系，是“前因后果”，所以此处用so引导，故填so。
19．句意：生活对人们来说更难了。空格作后置定语修饰前面的名词people，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to live。
20．句意：在几个星期里，会有成千上万的小花，甚至是蝴蝶。空格前没有具体的数字，此处是概数的表达，应用复数形式，故填millions。
一、短文填空解题步骤
1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
二、解题技巧
★ 已给出单词提示型的解题技巧
（1）名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。如：
There are many students living at school, the ___________(child) houses are all far from schoo1.
由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
（2）动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化（时态、语态、语气），有非谓语的变化（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）。如：
A talk ___________ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是＂将来＂作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式：to be given。
（3）代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。如：
The king decided to see the painter by ___________ (he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
（4）形容词、副词比较等级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-er和-est，或在词前加more/less和most/least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。如：
I am ___________ (tall) than Liu Wen. He is the tallest students in my class.
此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那＂我＂肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的＂less tall＂。
（5）数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀-teen、-ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。如：
To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a ___________ (three)...
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是＂一半＂或＂二分之一＂，那么二儿子应该得＂三分之一＂，所以要填入作分母的序数词＂third＂才能命中目标。
（6）词的派生。词的派生现象在英语中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。如：
Lious lost his wallet yesterday, So he was very ___________ (happiness).
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词，由提示词happiness可知，它的构成词根是happy；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
★ 未给出单词提示型的解题技巧
在不给任何提示的情况下填空，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。
（7）固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词＂视而不见＂才能命中答案。如：
The children were playing on the ground, enjoying ___________, dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
（8）从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。如：
①He did not done ___________ his father had asked him to do.
通过审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
②Those ___________ want to go to the village must sign here.
经过分析可以判断出横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步分析可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填who。
（9）短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。如：
Mrs. Baker was ill, so her daughter had to ask for leave to take ___________ of her.
生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
（10）介词短语结构。介词短语即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。如：
Mr. Smith took a plane to London ___________ of taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句是＂坐……而不是坐……＂的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
（11）连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both...and，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also等。如：
①Little Wang Jun could not go to school, ___________ his family was too poor.
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，故填for。
②___________ Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.
横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and，故答案为Both。
（12）冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，常见的有however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查-1y形式的方式副词。如：
①Jackie likes to drive at ___________ high speed.
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，＂以高速＂开车。
②Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him ___________ Saturday afternoon.
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
③It was only one day left, ___________, his father had no idea to answer him.
观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
（13）上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词或其反义词或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。如：
Tony ___________ travelling abroad, but dislikes staying home watching TV.
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断出，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，在备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用，真正做到事半功倍，较大地提高在此题型上的得分率。
三、做短文填空题应注意的问题
1. 语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免＂只见树木，不见森林＂的错误。
2. 要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。
3. 填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。
4. 有些空格需要填入介词、连词等，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其习惯用法。
5. 选词填空题和首字母填空题一般只有一个答案，自由填空题虽然可能允许有多个正确答案，但只能选择其中一个填入，因为每个空格只准填写一个单词，多填反而出错。
6. 到考场上以第一感觉为准，不要来回地看，既耽误时间，又容易动摇自己的选择。 要凭预感一气呵成地完成填空。
（一）（2021·河北中考真题）
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 21 (love). I often help my parents look 22 them in my spare time. My mother 23 (work) in a toy shop. She loves 24 (she) job. And my father is 25 engineer. He is busy every day, 26 he tries to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school basketball team. We usually play 27 (match) on Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They ran 28 (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 29 (win)! How happy we were! This is the 30 (eight) time we beat them.
Could you tell me something about you? Please write.
Best,
Zhao Ming
【答案】
21．lovely
22．after
23．works
24．her
25．an
26．but
27．matches
28．faster
29．won
30．eighth
【分析】
本文是赵明写给爱丽丝的信，信中介绍了自己的家人以及学校篮球队的情况。
21．句意：他们非常可爱。根据“I have two little brothers.”可知，此处修饰两个小弟弟，在句中作表语，故填lovely。
22．句意：在我的业余时间，我经常帮助我的父母照顾他们。根据“I often help my parents look…them in my spare time.”可知，此处是look after“照顾”，故填after。
23．句意：我妈妈在玩具店工作。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，主语是My mother，谓语动词用三单，故填works。
24．句意：她热爱她的工作。此处作定语修饰 job，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
25．句意：我父亲是一名工程师。此处表泛指，用不定冠词，engineer首字母发元音音素，故填an。
26．句意：他每天都很忙，但他试着花更多的时间和我们在一起。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
27．句意：我们通常在星期六上午比赛。此处不单指一场比赛，表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填matches。
28．句意：他们跑得比我们快。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故填faster。
29．句意：最后，我们赢了！根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。
30．句意：这是我们第八次打败他们。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词，故填eighth。
（二）（2021·湖南长沙市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is 31 American businessman. One day, when he was sailing (航行) on a boat near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 32 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound (开往伦敦的) ship. So he 33 (land) in London by accident. Alone and 34 (hunger), he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 35 (call) into a big house. There two rich 36 (brother), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told 37 (he) not to open it until two o'clock of the day. Henry didn’t know it was a million-pound (百万英镑) bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why? 38 he was in rags (衣衫褴褛) and looked dirty. Then, 39 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best 40 (please) Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most unbelievable story in the world?
【答案】
31．an
32．Luckily
33．landed
34．hungry
35．was called
36．brothers
37．him
38．Because
39．to
40．to please
【分析】
文章是马克·吐温的短篇小说《百万英镑》的故事梗概。Henry落难时，有两个富裕的兄弟给了他一张百万英镑的钞票，他在餐馆因衣衫褴褛而遭到不礼貌待遇，而人们又因这百万英镑而去取悦他。
31．句意：Henry是一名美国商人。businessman是可数名词单数，此处泛指一名美国商人，American以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故填an。
32．句意：幸运的是，他被发现了，并被一艘开往伦敦的船接走了。此处用副词修饰整个句子。luck的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运地，幸运的是”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Luckily。
33．句意：所以他是偶然在伦敦登陆的。根据上下文可知用过去时态讲述故事，此处用一般过去时，land的过去式是landed。故填landed。
34．句意：他独自一人，饥肠辘辘地走在城市的街道上。and前后表示等同关系，词性保持一致，alone是形容词，此处用hunger的形容词形式hungry表示“饥饿的”。故填hungry。
35．句意：没想到，他被叫进了一所大房子。根据“into a big house”可知是被叫进一所大房子，用被动语态，文章以过去时态讲述故事，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语“he”后用be动词was。故填was called。
36．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。由two可知，空处应填名词复数。故填brothers。
37．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。动词told后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式是him。故填him。
38．句意：因为他衣衫褴褛，看起来很脏。根据“Why?”可知此处要回答原因，用because表示“因为”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
39．句意：然后，令大家吃惊的是，他递给店主一张百万英镑的钞票来付饭钱。to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定短语。故填to。
40．句意：看到这张钞票，餐馆里所有的人都变得很友好，尽力取悦亨利。try one’s best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事，此处用动词不定式。故填to please。
（三）（2021·四川眉山市·中考真题）
A Chinese dance drama 41 (make) the first appearance on social media platforms abroad already, causing a wave of discussion on the beauty of Chinese culture among art lovers worldwide.
The dance drama Li Bai is 42 classic play made by the China National Opera and Dance Drama Theater. It has touched people all over the world 43 telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai.
Li Bai was born in 701 AD 44 died in 762 AD．Maybe because he traveled around so much when he was little, he decided 45 (keep) traveling around the land when he was 25 years old. He wanted to learn more about nature and people. He expressed his feelings through the beautiful words in his poems. People 46 (real) liked his poems. Even today people still admire his poems, not only adults, but 47 (child) too. Kids start to learn his poems when they are in primary schools. Li Bai is one of the 48 (important) poets in China. He is just as important as William Shakespeare to the world.
Last month, the dance drama Li Bai 49 (watch) over 5.57 million times. And China has once again carried Chinese culture forward in 50 (it) own way.
【答案】
41．has made
42．a
43．by
44．and
45．to keep
46．really
47．children
48．most important
49．was watched
50．its
【分析】
文章主要介绍了舞剧《李白》和大诗人李白的生平及其影响。
41．句意：一部中国舞剧首次在国外社交媒体平台上亮相，在世界各地的艺术爱好者中引发了一波关于中国文化之美的讨论。根据“already”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。主语“A Chinese dance drama”后接助动词has，make的过去分词形式为made。故填has made。
42．句意：舞剧《李白》是中国戏曲舞剧院的经典剧目。此处泛指一部经典剧目，且classic以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：它讲述了唐朝(公元618年- 907年)诗人李白的故事，感动了全世界的人们。根据“telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai”可知此处指通过李白的故事感动全世界的人们，用by表示“通过”。故填by。
44．句意：李白生于公元701年，卒于公元762年。设空处前后表示等同关系，用and连接并列成分。故填and。
45．句意：也许是因为他小时候游历了很多地方，他决定在25岁的时候继续游历。decide to do sth.决定做某事。故填to keep。
46．句意：人们真的很喜欢他的诗。用real的副词形式really修饰动词“liked”。故填really。
47．句意：直到今天，人们仍然欣赏他的诗，不仅是成年人，孩子们也一样。根据“not only adults”可知but后用child的复数形式children，与adults的数保持一致。故填children。
48．句意：李白是中国最重要的诗人之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。important是多音节词，其最高级是most important。故填most important。
49．句意：上个月，舞剧《李白》的观看次数超过557万次。主语“the dance drama Li Bai”与watch之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；再由“Last month”可知要用一般过去时被动地语态，其结构为was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was watched。
50．句意：中国再一次以自己的方式弘扬中华文化。in one’s own way以某人自己的方式，用it的形容词性物主代词形式its表示“它的”。故填its。
（四）（2021·浙江台州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ten-year-old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. 51 , after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest, he became more active in it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls 52 (he) action the Race to Kindness.
After 53 teacher told him about the contest, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize 54 record his speech. In it, he talked 55 the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said. He encourages 56 (listener) to join him in “the race of kindness” by doing small, kind acts for others. Orion’s speech won the contest. He used his $500 prize 57 (collect) 619 toys for a local children’s hospital. After that, Orion wanted to make an even 58 (big) influence. In charity he packed meal boxes for people in need including a kind message for each receiver.
Orion says, “If someone is treated 59 (kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else. And then it just 60 (grow) and makes the world a better place.”
【答案】
51．However
52．his
53．a
54．and
55．about
56．listeners
57．to collect
58．bigger
59．kindly
60．grows
【分析】
本文讲述了一位十岁的小男孩从小就认为善良很重要，直到现在他还在致力于把善良传播到世界各地。
51．句意：然而，在参加全国慈善演讲比赛后，他变得更加积极。结合句意，前后句为转折关系，空格后有逗号，所以用转折连词however，句首首字母要大写，故填However。
52．句意：他将自己的行动称为“走向善良的竞赛”。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，he他，是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his，故填his。
53．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。根据句意，这里指一位老师，所以用不定冠词，teacher以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
54．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。句中write，memorize和record是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
55．句意：在演讲中，他谈到了善良的重要性。talk about sth.意为“谈论某事”，结合句意，故填about。
56．句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加“走向善良的竞赛”，为他人做一些小而善良的行动。listener听众，是可数名词，结合句意，此处应用复数形式listeners，故填listeners。
57．句意：他用500美元的奖金为当地一家儿童医院收集了619件玩具。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，故填to collect。
58．句意：在那之后，奥瑞恩想要产生更大的影响。句中even修饰形容词的比较级，big的比较级为bigger，故填bigger。
59．句意：如果有人被善待，它可以使他们的一天更光明，并鼓励该人对别人好。空格处修饰动词treated，应用副词形式，kind善良的，是形容词，其副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
60．句意：然后它就会成长，让世界变得更美好。根据后面的并列动词makes和主语it可知，谓语动词grow用单三形式grows，故填grows。
（五）（2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题）
Susan was tired of having her three children talk back to her. One day, she climbed into her kids’ tree house. It was 61 good place, she thought, for a mother to go on strike（罢工）. She was tired of 62 (drive) them everywhere without thanks and doing more than her share of the work around the house. Until 63 (thing) changed, Susan decided to stay up in the tree.
Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention, 64 course. But that was not all that happened. Word of the fed-up mother spread. Before long, a camera crew from television’s Today Show came into their yard. Now people all across America were going to find 65 who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.
As the cameras worked, the three kids stood with their father near the tree house. Kate, the Today Show host, had a question for 66 (they). “What do you think about your mom on strike in that tree house?” she asked.
“I am kind of embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really shocked, “said Joseph. “I did not think it would go this far. My mom is much 67 (crazy) than we thought.”
Rachel added, “I think mom is so strange 68 I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made her point. If the kids 69 (want) her back, they should know what to do. When the TV crew left, the kids went into their house 70 (quick) and got busy. Not long after that Susan climbed down from the tree and went back to being a mom.
【答案】
61．a
62．driving
63．things
64．of
65．out
66．them
67．crazier
68．that
69．wanted
70．quickly
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
61．句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“good”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
62．句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired of doing sth.厌倦做某事，of为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
63．句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
64．句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention”和句中“course”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。of course当然，为固定短语，故填of。
65．句意：现在全美国的人都要找出是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find out弄明白，查清楚，故填out。
66．句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了他们一个问题。由句中“had a question”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“for”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
67．句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
68．句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
69．句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
70．句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went into”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
（六）（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
Does my goldfish know who I am?
I think this is a great question. I do spend my days 71 (study) how fish go about their lives. First of all, fish are much smarter than people think. People often talk of goldfish having three-second memories, but in fact they can learn all kinds of things, and remember them 72 quite a long time.
This shouldn’t surprise us too much. Just like other animals, they can find enough to eat, and 73 (know) when it is sale to be out in the open. Being able to learn and remember things helps 74 (they) do this.
Many kinds of fish can tell one from another, according to their group, their relatives, 75 even their own eggs. But fish live in 76 very different world from us. For many kinds of fish, although seeing is important, 77 (sense) such as smell and touch are even more important.
So, does your fish know who you are? I believe your fish will 78 (sure) know when it is feeding time. My own fish become very 79 (excite) when my hand appears near their tank, even before I drop the food in. I’m not sure that your fish will be able to remember what your face 80 (look) like, but I wouldn’t be too surprised if it could remember you in other ways, perhaps by the sound of your footsteps as you walk towards the tank.
【答案】
71．studying
72．for
73．know
74．them
75．and/or
76．a
77．senses
78．surely
79．excited
80．looks
【分析】
文章介绍了鱼比人们想象的聪明得多。人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间，并且对此做出了解释。
71．句意：我每天都在研究鱼是如何生活的。spend...(in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，是固定短语，故填studying。
72．句意：人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间。“quite a long time”是一段时间，应用介词for连接，故填for。
73．句意：就像其他动物一样，它们可以找到足够的东西，并且知道什么时候会被公开出售。and连接并列成分，前面是情态动词can后接动词原形，此处也用动词原形，故填know。
74．句意：能够学习和记忆事物有助于它们做到这一点。空处作动词的宾语，应用宾格，故填them。
75．句意：许多种类的鱼可以根据它们的群体，它们的亲戚，甚至它们自己的卵来区分彼此。根据“their group, their relatives...even their own eggs”可知，此处表达的是一种并列或选择关系，可以用and/or连接，故填and/or。
76．句意：但是鱼和我们生活在一个完全不同的世界里。空格修饰其后的单数名词world，应用不定冠词，very是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故填a。
77．句意：对于许多种类的鱼来说，虽然视觉很重要，但嗅觉和触觉等感官更为重要。根据“are”可知，句子主语应是复数名词，故填senses。
78．句意：我相信你的鱼一定会知道什么时候是喂食的时候。空格处修饰的是句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填surely。
79．句意：当我的手出现在我的鱼缸附近时，我的鱼变得非常兴奋。空格处作表语，应用形容词，修饰有生命的鱼，应用ed形容词，故填excited。
80．句意：我不确定你的鱼是否能记住你的脸。句子主语是单数名词face，动词要用三单形式，故填looks。
（七）（2021·四川德阳市·中考真题）
According to a recent survey, violence(暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed 81 (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 82 whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers.
Nowadays, school violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem 83 needs our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence 84 (happen) at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 85 (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed.
In fact, violence can 86 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.
If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 87 (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 88 (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 89 (guy).
All in all, every student should behave well and keep away 90 violence.
【答案】
81．their
82．the
83．which/that
84．happening
85．safety
86．be learned
87．more
88．will tell
89．guys
90．from
【分析】
本文主要关于校园暴力，呼吁大家重视校园暴力问题并提出了面对校园暴力时的做法。
81．句意：学生表现出恐惧，家长和老师也表达了他们的担忧。they他们，人称代词主格，此处指代“Students”；根据空后的“fear”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
82．句意：专家们希望全社会更加关注青少年的心理健康。根据空后的“whole society”可知，此处可填入定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
83．句意：我认为这也是一个需要我们高度关注的大问题。本句为定语从句，先行词为“a big problem”，指物，在从句中作主语，可填that或which。故填which/that。
84．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。happen发生，动词；prevent...(from) doing...阻止……做……。故填happening。
85．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。safe安全的，形容词；根据“personal”可知，此处填一个名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。
86．句意：事实上，暴力是可以被学来的。learn学习，动词；“violence”与“learn”为被动关于，空前有can，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词 + be done。故填be learned。
87．句意：如果我遇到学校暴力，我不会用暴力来回应暴力，因为暴力会导致更多的打斗。根据“If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to...fighting.”可知，用暴力来回应暴力，会导致更多的打斗，填much的比较级形式more。故填more。
88．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉我的老师或家长。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。故填will tell。
89．句意：我想他们会帮我处理好的，他们会保护我不受坏人的伤害。guy家伙，可数名词，此处应填其复数形式。故填guys。
90．句意：总之，每个学生都应该表现良好，远离暴力。keep away from表示“远离”，此处表示远离暴力。故填from.
（八）（2021·山东枣庄市·中考真题）
Do you like Chinese folk music? Maybe your answer is no, but I like it very much. Last night, a friend of 91 (my) took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Relected on Second Spring), which was played on the erhu, especially moved me. The erhu sounded sad 92 to make me almost cry along with it as I listened. 93 the music was strangely beautiful, under the 94 (beautiful) I sensed a strong sadness and pain. Later I looked up the story of Erquan Yingyue, and I began to understand the sadness in the music.
Abing, a folk musician 95 was born in the city of Wuxi in 1893, 96 (write) the music. His mother died when he was very young. He 97 (teach) to play many instruments by his father, and by age 17, Abing was famous 98 his musical ability. However, after his father died, Abing’s life grew 99 (bad). He was very poor. Not only that, he developed a serious illness and became blind. For several years, he had no home. He lived on the streets and played music 100 (make) a living.
【答案】
91．mine
92．enough
93．Although/Though
94．beauty
95．who/that
96．wrote
97．was taught
98．for
99．worse
100．to make
【分析】
本文主要讲了作者听音乐会时被《二泉映月》这首曲子所感动，继而介绍了音乐家阿炳的生平。
91．句意：昨晚，我的一个朋友带我去听了一场中国民间音乐会。根据“a friend of ... (my)”可知此处指我的一个朋友，用my的名词性物主代词形式mine表示“我的”，构成双重所有格。故填mine。
92．句意：二胡的声音听起来很悲伤，让我听着几乎要哭了。adj. enough to do sth.足够……可以做某事。故填enough。
93．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。句子前后是让步关系，用although或though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。句子开头首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
94．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。根据“under the ...”k可知要用名词作宾语，beautiful的名词形式beauty意为“美丽”，不可数名词。故填beauty。
95．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。先行词“a folk musician”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
96．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。根据下文可知以一般过去时讲述阿炳生平，此处用write的过去式wrote。故填wrote。
97．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“by his father”及“His mother died when he was very young.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“he”后接be动词was，teach的过去分词形式为taught。故填was taught。
98．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“his musical ability”可知因音乐才能而出名，be famous for因……而出名。故填for。
99．句意：然而，在他的父亲去世后，阿炳的生活变得更糟。根据“However, after his father died”可知父亲去世后生活比之前更糟糕了，bad的比较级worse意为“更糟糕的”。故填worse。
100．句意：他露宿街头，靠演奏音乐谋生。根据“played music ... (make) a living”可知演奏音乐是为了谋生，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
（九）（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）
The top Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, famous for his “Super Rice”, died of illness at the age of 91 111 May 22th, 2021.
Yuan Longping 112 (be) born in Beijing in 1930. For almost 60 years, he had given most of his time and energy to rice research. So far, the hybrid rice(杂交水稻)he developed 113 (pull) millions of people out of hunger all over the world. His achievements were so great 114 he was called “The Father of Hybrid Rice” and won World Food Prize.
During his lifetime, Yuan Longping spent 115 (much)time in the farm field than in his office. He was often seen watching plants 116 (close)and thinking of ways to improve them, just as many Chinese 117 (farmer)do.
Yuan once said he had 118 dream—to “enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”. 119 a pity it is that he can’t continue his dream now! But surely, people believe, his dream 120 (come) true in the near future.
【答案】
111．on
112．was
113．has pulled
114．that
115．more
116．closely
117．farmers
118．a
119．What
120．will come
【分析】
本文简略介绍了杂交水稻之父中国顶尖科学家袁隆平先生伟大的一生。
111．句意：以“超级稻”闻名的中国顶尖科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日因病去世，享年91岁。根据“May 22th, 2021”可知，这是一个具体日期，应用介词on，故填on。
112．句意：袁隆平1930年生于北京。根据时间状语“ in 1930”可知，应用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，故填was。
113．句意：到目前为止，他开发的杂交水稻已经使全世界数百万人摆脱了饥饿。根据句中“So far”可知，该句应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has，pull过去分词为pulled，故填has pulled。
114．句意：他的成就是如此伟大，以至于他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，并获得世界粮食奖。so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，结合句意，故填that。
115．句意：生前，袁隆平在农田里的时间比在办公室里的时间多。根据句中“than in his office”可知，此处应用much的比较级more，故填more。
116．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。分析句子结构，空格处要修饰动词watching，所以应用副词形式；close近的，为形容词，其副词形式为closely亲密地，故填closely。
117．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。farmer农民，为可数名词；根据空格前的many可知，此处应填farmer的复数形式为farmers，故填farmers。
118．句意：袁曾说，他有一个梦想，就是“在比男人高的稻穗下乘凉”。空格后dream意为“梦想”，是可数名词；根据“enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”可知，这里指有一个梦想，dream以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。
119．句意：可惜他现在不能继续他的梦想了! 该句为感叹句，根据“a pity…”可知，应用what引导感叹句，其结构为“What +a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!”，句首首字母要大写，故填What。
120．句意：但人们相信，他的梦想一定会在不久的将来实现。根据句中“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，故填will come。
（十）（2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题）
In the past, my old grandmother didn’t enjoy talking on the phone. Actually, she hated it so she was always refusing 121 (use) it. She told us that she preferred speaking to people in person. It always 122 (make) her sad that she couldn’t see the person she was talking to. The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, 123 mentioned video calling over the Internet. It 124 (invent) for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with 125 idea. We bought her a laptop (笔记本电脑). One of my 126 (cousin) went over to her house and taught her how to use it. 127 (lucky), she was a quick learner.
Now, she enjoys 128 (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression 129 her face. She says it’s also very convenient. She can put it anywhere in the house 130 it is small and doesn’t take up much room. Sometimes she even talks to us while she’s in the kitchen cooking!
【答案】
121．to use
122．made
123．and
124．is invented/was invented
125．an
126．cousins
127．Luckily
128．herself
129．on
130．because/as
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者的奶奶学习使用笔记本电脑，这样奶奶就可以经常看到家人、跟家人聊天。
121．句意：事实上，她讨厌它，所以她总是拒绝使用它。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，故填to use。
122．句意：这总是让她难过，她不能看到她正在说话的人。根据“couldn’t”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填made。
123．句意：有一天，我们和奶奶聊天，提到了网上视频电话。前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
124．句意：发明它是为了让人们在网上聊天时看到彼此。主语It是动作invent的承受者，用被动语态，此处用一般现在时或一般过去时均可，故填is/was invented。
125．句意：然后我们想到了一个主意。此处泛指“一个主意”，idea首字母发元音音素，故填an。
126．句意：我的一个表姐去她家教她怎么用。one of+名词复数，故填cousins。
127．句意：幸运的是，她学得很快。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Luckily。
128．句意：现在，她每天和我们聊天时都很开心。enjoy oneself玩得开心，用其反身代词形式，故填herself。
129．句意：她很高兴，从她脸上的表情就能看出来。on one’s face在某人的脸上，故填on。
130．句意：她可以把它放在房子的任何地方，因为它很小，不占太多的空间。“it is small and doesn’t take up much room”是“She can put it anywhere in the house”的原因，可用because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。
（十一）（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Ed, William and Dan are three young men who love music. They’ve left their comfortable homes without taking any 131 (money) or mobile phones. They plan 132 (walk) around the whole Britain, singing for dinner and sleeping anywhere like fields.
Ed and Dan met William when they were at school. They all liked walking. 133 they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris and became 134 artist. Dan became a gardener and William a bookseller. They were still friends, 135 they weren’t very happy with their lives.
One day they said, “Why don’t we start walking?” And so they did.
They love simple activities 136 the busy, stressful world.
“People often ask 137 (we) why we’re doing this. But you know it’s a great life and we’re learning so much on our journey,” says William 138 (proud).
Last year they started a website to tell people a lot of stories about their walks. This year they’d like to make videos and tell 139 (many) stories. Next year, they 140 make CD of their songs and star charity. The future looks good.
【答案】
131．money
132．to walk
133．After/When
134．an
135．but
136．in
137．us
138．proudly
139．more
140．will make/are going to make
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，像我们介绍了Ed、William和Dan三人的故事。
131．句意：他们离开舒适的家，没有带任何钱或手机。money不可数名词，在句中作宾语，故填money。
132．句意：他们计划周游整个英国，晚餐唱歌，在田野之类的任何地方睡觉。plan to do sth计划做某事，使用动词不定式作宾语，故填to walk。
133．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。分析“…they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris”可知，此处表示“……之后/当……时”，在句中引导时间状语从句，故填After/When。
134．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。此处泛指一名艺术家，使用不定冠词修饰，artist首字母发元音音素，故填an。
135．句意：他们仍然是朋友，但他们对自己的生活不太满意。前后两句构成转折关系，使用but连接，故填but。
136．句意：他们喜欢在忙碌而充满压力的世界里进行简单的活动。in the…world在……的世界里，故填in。
137．句意：人们经常问我们为什么要这么做。此处在动词后作宾语，用we的宾格us，故填us。
138．句意：威廉自豪地说。用于句中修饰动词says，用proud的副词形式proudly，故填proudly。
139．句意：今年他们想制作视频，讲述更多的故事。分析上下文，强调去年和今天的对比，用many的比较级more修饰stories，故填more。
140．句意：明年，他们将制作他们的歌曲和明星慈善的CD。根据“Next year”可知，是一般将来时，用will do/be going to do表示，主语是they，be动词用are，故填will make/are going to make。
（十二）（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
Edgar Snow(1905—1972) was an American reporter. He is best known for his books and 1 （文章）on Communism in China and the Chinese Communist revolution.
Snow came to China in 1928. He spent over 10 years 2 （旅行）widely in China and trying to understand its people. At the same time, he tried to show what he learned to the rest of the world.
For 3 （例子）, Red Star Over China, which came out in the 1930s, is known as the first book that introduced China’s revolution to the west. In it, Snow 4 （收集）firsthand information on the Long March, as well as on the work and lifestyle of members of the Communist Party of China in Shaanxi Province.
Many Westerners were introduced to the Party through his book. Norman Bethune, a 5 （加拿大的）doctor, came to China after reading Snow’s book. He worked 6 （努力地）to save the lives of Chinese soldiers during World War I.
“When the 7 （整个的）world had forgotten us, Snow came to see us and told the world what had happened. We will remember Snow’s great help to China forever,” Chairman Mao said during an 8 （采访）with a German reporter in 1938.
Snow’s spirit is still needed now, as well as in the 9 （将来）, according to People’s Daily. “No writer has spoken more 10 （强烈地）about Sino-US relations than Edgar Snow. And no matter the era, people around the world always need some sort of link,” the paper said.
【答案】
1．articles
2．travelling/touring/tripping
3．example
4．collected
5．Canadian
6．hard
7．whole
8．interview
9．future
10．strongly
【分析】
文章介绍了埃德加·斯诺是一位美国记者。他最出名的是关于中国共产主义和中国共产主义革命的书籍和文章，以及他是如何将中国革命的情况传播到西方国家的。
1．句意：他最出名的是关于中国共产主义和中国共产主义革命的书籍和文章。article“文章”，是单数名词，and连接并列部分，books是复数名词，此处也用复数形式，故填articles。
2．句意：他花了10多年时间在中国广泛旅行。travel/tour/trip“旅行”，此处是spend...doing的结构，故填travelling/touring/tripping。
3．句意：例如，20世纪30年代出版的《红星照耀中国》被称为第一本向西方介绍中国革命的书。example“例子”，for example“例如”，是固定短语，故填example。
4．句意：在里面，斯诺收集了长征的第一手资料。collect“收集”，是动词，描述过去的动作，动词用过去式，故填collected。
5．句意：加拿大医生诺曼·白求恩看完斯诺的书来到中国。Canadian“加拿大的”，是形容词，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填Canadian。
6．句意：在第一次世界大战期间，他努力挽救中国士兵的生命。hard“努力地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填hard。
7．句意：当全世界都忘记我们的时候，斯诺来看我们，告诉全世界发生了什么。whole“整个的”，是形容词，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填whole。
8．句意：毛主席在1938年接受德国记者采访时说。interview“采访”，此处是名词，空格前有an修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填interview。
9．句意：据《人民日报》报道，斯诺的精神现在还是需要的，将来也是需要的。future“将来”，此处构成短语in the future“在将来”，故填future。
10．句意：对于中美关系，没有哪个作家比埃德加·斯诺更为强烈地论述过。strongly“强烈地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填strongly。
（十三）（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出
Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on her o 11 .
In 1992, the first UN Earth Summit(峰会) was held in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world h 12 for it to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio to a 13 the summit.
At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment w 14 her a lot. “You don’t know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer (臭氧层). You don’t know how to bring back forests that once g 15 where there is now desert. If you don’t know how to fix the Earth, please stop b 16 it!” The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives.” On the t 17 days, she was a schoolchild. But during her vacations, she s 18 internationally about the environment.
Now, nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world’s environmental problems have only become w 19 , Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for the f 20 of my sons,” says Susan, now a mother of two, who has kept calling people's attention to climate change.
【答案】
11．(o)wn
12．(h)eaded
13．(a)ttend
14．(w)orried
15．(g)rew
16．(b)reaking
17．(t)ypical
18．(s)poke
19．(w)orse
20．(f)uture
【分析】
本文主要讲述了苏珊如何凭借自己的力量成为一名环保主义者的事迹。
11．句意：但这位女士凭借自己的力量成为了一名环保主义者。由前句和句中转折连词“But”可知，此句是说这位女士依靠自己成了一名环保主义者。on one’s own独自，为固定短语，故填(o)wn。
12．句意：来自世界各地的成千上万的人前往大会，讨论地球的明天。句中“it”指代联合国地球峰会，由句中“to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow”可知，此句是说很多人前往大会。head做动词时，意为“使向……进行”，head for前往，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(h)eaded。
13．句意：他们筹钱到里约热内卢去参加峰会。由句中“to”和“the summit”可知，这里是说参加峰会。attend参加，出席，动词，句中用动词不定式作目的状语，此处用原形，故填(a)ttend。
14．句意：在峰会上，苏珊说环境状况让她很担心。下文说的是苏珊担心的事情，所以此句是说环境状况让她担心。worry使……担心，此句叙述的是过去的事，用一般过去时，故填(w)orried。
15．句意：你不知道如何恢复曾经生长在沙漠里的森林。由句中“forest that once”和“where there is now desert”可知，此句是说曾经长在沙漠里的森林。grow生长，动词，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(g)rew。
16．句意：如果你不知道如何修复地球，请停止破坏它！由前半句“If you don't know how to fix the Earth”可知，此句是说停止破坏它。break破坏，动词，stop doing sth.停止做某事，故填(b)reaking。
17．句意：在平常的日子里，她还是个小学生。由后句“But during her vacations”可知，此句是说在平常的日子里。typical代表性的，典型的，形容词，故填(t)ypical。
18．句意：但在休假期间，她在国际上谈论了环境问题。阅读短文可知，苏珊过两种生活，在平常的日子里是学生，在假期时，她就环境问题发表国际性讲话。speak讲话，动词，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(s)poke。
19．句意：尽管世界上的许多环境问题只会变得更糟，但苏珊确实同意有些事情现在已经不同了。although引导的是让步状语从句，结合所给首字母“w”可知，此句是说许多环境问题变得更糟了。worse更糟糕的，为形容词的比较级，故填(w)orse。
20．句意：现在，我正在为我儿子的未来而奋斗，”苏珊说，她现在是两个孩子的母亲，她一直在呼吁人们关注气候变化。由句中“fighting for”和“of my sons”可知，此句是说为了孩子们的未来而奋斗。future未来，名词，the future of……的未来，故填(f)uture。
中高考易错题的重要性
中考冲刺阶段，除了知识点的总结，进行模块化的复习和整理以外，对于易错的题型也是冲刺阶段必备的。复习板块之一。我们通常都说冲刺阶段一定要回归课本，对于基础的知识点以及知识的应用能力的提高是迫在眉睫的。那么易错体对于提升知识的应用能力以及巩固基础来说是非常重要的一个环节。
首先，冲刺阶段的易错题能够帮助我们快速的查缺补漏，总结经验教训，知识梳理，提高知识的应用能力。
其次，通过对错题分析，其中涉及到的知识点以及考点的分析与总结，它能够减少我们复习过程当中同类型的题或者是同一知识点的犯错频率。
第三，对于错题集的复习，最简单的方法就是盖住答案，然后重新来做一遍，从分析的角度条件的分析以及技巧的使用三个方面进行逐一的排除。
第四，在这些错题当中，并非所有的错题都是每个同学易错的，那么在第一遍的错题复习当中，我们就要进行排除，筛选出符合自己特点错题及其针对性也才更强。
如果自己已经完全掌握的，那么就当是对于知识点的再一次复习。这样的错题对于提升自己的能力来说也才是起到了最大的作用。
易错点19 短文填空
（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
They eat wild animals, plants, berries, nuts, and insects. They hunt with bows and arrows. There are lots of dangerous snakes and spiders. It’s one of southern Africa’s 11 (hot) places, and there is often no water. Then they have to get water from plants. 12 they are ill, there are no hospitals. The people have to get medicine from plants too.
They are the San, 13 last people living in the Kalahari. The San people have another name—”bush people”. 14 (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do. The San people live in small groups of 25- 50. They live in huts—little “houses”. These houses 15 (make) of wood and grass. There are no schools for the children. Children learn from the older people in the group. There are lots of things they have to learn so that they can live 16 a dangerous place like the Kalahari. In the evenings, the group of people often sit around a fire and tell stories.
The Kalahari is a big area of bushland in the southern Africa. It 17 (have) two parts. There is less rain in the southern part than in the northern part, 18 the south is drier. There are fewer plants and animals there, and it’s more difficult for people 19 (live). But when it rains at the end of the summer, the land becomes greener and more beautiful. For a few weeks, there are 20 (million) of little flowers and even butterflies!
【答案】
11．hottest
12．When/If
13．the
14．Their
15．are made
16．in
17．has
18．so
19．to live
20．millions
【分析】
文章介绍了喀拉哈里沙漠的地理情况以及在那里生活的最后的居民的生活情况。
11．句意：它是非洲南部最热的地方之一。“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，故填hottest。
12．句意：当/如果他们生病了，没有医院。结合语境，此处表达的是“当/如果他们生病了”，可以用when引导时间状语从句，或用if引导条件状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填When/If。
13．句意：他们是桑人，喀拉哈里沙漠最后的居民。此处指的是“最后的”，last前应用定冠词修饰，故填the。
14．句意：他们的生活方式很简单。空格修饰其后的名词，应用形容词性物主代词，位于句首首字母要大写，故填Their。
15．句意：这些房子是用木头和草建造的。主语与动词之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实应用一般现在时的被动，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故填are made。
16．句意：他们必须学习很多东西才能在喀拉哈里这样危险的地方生存。live in+地点“在……生活”，故此处用介词in，故填in。
17．句意：它有两个部分。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式，故填has。
18．句意：南方的雨水比北方少，所以南方比较干燥。空格前后句之间是因果关系，是“前因后果”，所以此处用so引导，故填so。
19．句意：生活对人们来说更难了。空格作后置定语修饰前面的名词people，应用不定式作后置定语，故填to live。
20．句意：在几个星期里，会有成千上万的小花，甚至是蝴蝶。空格前没有具体的数字，此处是概数的表达，应用复数形式，故填millions。
一、短文填空解题步骤
1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
二、解题技巧
★ 已给出单词提示型的解题技巧
（1）名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。如：
There are many students living at school, the ___________(child) houses are all far from schoo1.
由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
（2）动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化（时态、语态、语气），有非谓语的变化（不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）。如：
A talk ___________ (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.
句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是＂将来＂作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式：to be given。
（3）代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词（主格和宾格）、物主代词（形容词性和名词性）、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one/none、other/another等。如：
The king decided to see the painter by ___________ (he).
由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
（4）形容词、副词比较等级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀-er和-est，或在词前加more/less和most/least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。如：
I am ___________ (tall) than Liu Wen. He is the tallest students in my class.
此题后句交代了Liu Wen是班上最高的学生，那＂我＂肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的＂less tall＂。
（5）数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀-teen、-ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one/two的特殊变化形式once/twice。如：
To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a ___________ (three)...
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是＂一半＂或＂二分之一＂，那么二儿子应该得＂三分之一＂，所以要填入作分母的序数词＂third＂才能命中目标。
（6）词的派生。词的派生现象在英语中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。如：
Lious lost his wallet yesterday, So he was very ___________ (happiness).
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词，由提示词happiness可知，它的构成词根是happy；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀un，就成了unhappy。
★ 未给出单词提示型的解题技巧
在不给任何提示的情况下填空，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。
（7）固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词＂视而不见＂才能命中答案。如：
The children were playing on the ground, enjoying ___________, dirty but happy.
从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoy oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。
（8）从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。如：
①He did not done ___________ his father had asked him to do.
通过审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从句中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。
②Those ___________ want to go to the village must sign here.
经过分析可以判断出横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步分析可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填who。
（9）短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。如：
Mrs. Baker was ill, so her daughter had to ask for leave to take ___________ of her.
生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
（10）介词短语结构。介词短语即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。如：
Mr. Smith took a plane to London ___________ of taking a train.
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句是＂坐……而不是坐……＂的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。
（11）连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both...and，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also等。如：
①Little Wang Jun could not go to school, ___________ his family was too poor.
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，故填for。
②___________ Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.
横线处的词与后面可以构成both...and，故答案为Both。
（12）冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，常见的有however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查-1y形式的方式副词。如：
①Jackie likes to drive at ___________ high speed.
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，＂以高速＂开车。
②Old Tom’s granddaughter used to visit him ___________ Saturday afternoon.
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
③It was only one day left, ___________, his father had no idea to answer him.
观察上下句，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
（13）上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词或其反义词或其同类的某个词。
答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。如：
Tony ___________ travelling abroad, but dislikes staying home watching TV.
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断出，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，在备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用，真正做到事半功倍，较大地提高在此题型上的得分率。
三、做短文填空题应注意的问题
1. 语义完整、适用是做好填词的前提，要从全文的内容出发，前后上下联系起来考虑，避免＂只见树木，不见森林＂的错误。
2. 要善于从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找线索，从中得到提示和启发，帮助确定应填词的词性和词形，这样可避免想当然地随意乱填。
3. 填词时应注意词形，不可简单地都填原形词。若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。
4. 有些空格需要填入介词、连词等，除考虑上下文的内容外，还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其习惯用法。
5. 选词填空题和首字母填空题一般只有一个答案，自由填空题虽然可能允许有多个正确答案，但只能选择其中一个填入，因为每个空格只准填写一个单词，多填反而出错。
6. 到考场上以第一感觉为准，不要来回地看，既耽误时间，又容易动摇自己的选择。 要凭预感一气呵成地完成填空。
（一）（2021·河北中考真题）
Hi Alice,
My name’s Zhao Ming and I’d like to be your pen friend. I’m 16 years old. I have two little brothers. They’re very 21 (love). I often help my parents look 22 them in my spare time. My mother 23 (work) in a toy shop. She loves 24 (she) job. And my father is 25 engineer. He is busy every day, 26 he tries to spend more time with us.
I’m in the school basketball team. We usually play 27 (match) on Saturday mornings. Last week, we played against another school. They ran 28 (fast) than us. However, we had better teamwork. Finally, we 29 (win)! How happy we were! This is the 30 (eight) time we beat them.
Could you tell me something about you? Please write.
Best,
Zhao Ming
【答案】
21．lovely
22．after
23．works
24．her
25．an
26．but
27．matches
28．faster
29．won
30．eighth
【分析】
本文是赵明写给爱丽丝的信，信中介绍了自己的家人以及学校篮球队的情况。
21．句意：他们非常可爱。根据“I have two little brothers.”可知，此处修饰两个小弟弟，在句中作表语，故填lovely。
22．句意：在我的业余时间，我经常帮助我的父母照顾他们。根据“I often help my parents look…them in my spare time.”可知，此处是look after“照顾”，故填after。
23．句意：我妈妈在玩具店工作。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，主语是My mother，谓语动词用三单，故填works。
24．句意：她热爱她的工作。此处作定语修饰 job，用形容词性物主代词，故填her。
25．句意：我父亲是一名工程师。此处表泛指，用不定冠词，engineer首字母发元音音素，故填an。
26．句意：他每天都很忙，但他试着花更多的时间和我们在一起。前后两句构成转折关系，用but连接，故填but。
27．句意：我们通常在星期六上午比赛。此处不单指一场比赛，表示复数含义，用名词复数，故填matches。
28．句意：他们跑得比我们快。根据“than”可知，此处用副词比较级，故填faster。
29．句意：最后，我们赢了！根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填won。
30．句意：这是我们第八次打败他们。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词，故填eighth。
（二）（2021·湖南长沙市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry is 31 American businessman. One day, when he was sailing (航行) on a boat near San Francisco, he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind. 32 (luck), he was discovered and picked up by a London-bound (开往伦敦的) ship. So he 33 (land) in London by accident. Alone and 34 (hunger), he walked on the streets of the city. Unexpectedly, he 35 (call) into a big house. There two rich 36 (brother), Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told 37 (he) not to open it until two o'clock of the day. Henry didn’t know it was a million-pound (百万英镑) bank note. He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something to eat. Everyone was impolite and impatient to him. Why? 38 he was in rags (衣衫褴褛) and looked dirty. Then, 39 everyone’s surprise, he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal. On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best 40 (please) Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most unbelievable story in the world?
【答案】
31．an
32．Luckily
33．landed
34．hungry
35．was called
36．brothers
37．him
38．Because
39．to
40．to please
【分析】
文章是马克·吐温的短篇小说《百万英镑》的故事梗概。Henry落难时，有两个富裕的兄弟给了他一张百万英镑的钞票，他在餐馆因衣衫褴褛而遭到不礼貌待遇，而人们又因这百万英镑而去取悦他。
31．句意：Henry是一名美国商人。businessman是可数名词单数，此处泛指一名美国商人，American以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词an。故填an。
32．句意：幸运的是，他被发现了，并被一艘开往伦敦的船接走了。此处用副词修饰整个句子。luck的副词形式是luckily，意为“幸运地，幸运的是”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Luckily。
33．句意：所以他是偶然在伦敦登陆的。根据上下文可知用过去时态讲述故事，此处用一般过去时，land的过去式是landed。故填landed。
34．句意：他独自一人，饥肠辘辘地走在城市的街道上。and前后表示等同关系，词性保持一致，alone是形容词，此处用hunger的形容词形式hungry表示“饥饿的”。故填hungry。
35．句意：没想到，他被叫进了一所大房子。根据“into a big house”可知是被叫进一所大房子，用被动语态，文章以过去时态讲述故事，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语“he”后用be动词was。故填was called。
36．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。由two可知，空处应填名词复数。故填brothers。
37．句意：在那里富有的兄弟俩，Oliver和Roderick递给他一封信，叫他在凌晨两点前不要打开。动词told后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格形式是him。故填him。
38．句意：因为他衣衫褴褛，看起来很脏。根据“Why?”可知此处要回答原因，用because表示“因为”，句子开头首字母大写。故填Because。
39．句意：然后，令大家吃惊的是，他递给店主一张百万英镑的钞票来付饭钱。to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是，固定短语。故填to。
40．句意：看到这张钞票，餐馆里所有的人都变得很友好，尽力取悦亨利。try one’s best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事，此处用动词不定式。故填to please。
（三）（2021·四川眉山市·中考真题）
A Chinese dance drama 41 (make) the first appearance on social media platforms abroad already, causing a wave of discussion on the beauty of Chinese culture among art lovers worldwide.
The dance drama Li Bai is 42 classic play made by the China National Opera and Dance Drama Theater. It has touched people all over the world 43 telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai.
Li Bai was born in 701 AD 44 died in 762 AD．Maybe because he traveled around so much when he was little, he decided 45 (keep) traveling around the land when he was 25 years old. He wanted to learn more about nature and people. He expressed his feelings through the beautiful words in his poems. People 46 (real) liked his poems. Even today people still admire his poems, not only adults, but 47 (child) too. Kids start to learn his poems when they are in primary schools. Li Bai is one of the 48 (important) poets in China. He is just as important as William Shakespeare to the world.
Last month, the dance drama Li Bai 49 (watch) over 5.57 million times. And China has once again carried Chinese culture forward in 50 (it) own way.
【答案】
41．has made
42．a
43．by
44．and
45．to keep
46．really
47．children
48．most important
49．was watched
50．its
【分析】
文章主要介绍了舞剧《李白》和大诗人李白的生平及其影响。
41．句意：一部中国舞剧首次在国外社交媒体平台上亮相，在世界各地的艺术爱好者中引发了一波关于中国文化之美的讨论。根据“already”可知要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。主语“A Chinese dance drama”后接助动词has，make的过去分词形式为made。故填has made。
42．句意：舞剧《李白》是中国戏曲舞剧院的经典剧目。此处泛指一部经典剧目，且classic以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故填a。
43．句意：它讲述了唐朝(公元618年- 907年)诗人李白的故事，感动了全世界的人们。根据“telling the story of Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) poet Li Bai”可知此处指通过李白的故事感动全世界的人们，用by表示“通过”。故填by。
44．句意：李白生于公元701年，卒于公元762年。设空处前后表示等同关系，用and连接并列成分。故填and。
45．句意：也许是因为他小时候游历了很多地方，他决定在25岁的时候继续游历。decide to do sth.决定做某事。故填to keep。
46．句意：人们真的很喜欢他的诗。用real的副词形式really修饰动词“liked”。故填really。
47．句意：直到今天，人们仍然欣赏他的诗，不仅是成年人，孩子们也一样。根据“not only adults”可知but后用child的复数形式children，与adults的数保持一致。故填children。
48．句意：李白是中国最重要的诗人之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。important是多音节词，其最高级是most important。故填most important。
49．句意：上个月，舞剧《李白》的观看次数超过557万次。主语“the dance drama Li Bai”与watch之间是动宾关系，用被动语态；再由“Last month”可知要用一般过去时被动地语态，其结构为was/were done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was watched。
50．句意：中国再一次以自己的方式弘扬中华文化。in one’s own way以某人自己的方式，用it的形容词性物主代词形式its表示“它的”。故填its。
（四）（2021·浙江台州市·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Ten-year-old Orion Jean has always known that kindness is important. He often practiced it by volunteering with his family. 51 , after entering the National Kindness Speech Contest, he became more active in it. Now he works to spread kindness everywhere through projects which help others. He calls 52 (he) action the Race to Kindness.
After 53 teacher told him about the contest, Orion had only 24 hours to write, memorize 54 record his speech. In it, he talked 55 the importance of kindness. “Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it.” Orion said. He encourages 56 (listener) to join him in “the race of kindness” by doing small, kind acts for others. Orion’s speech won the contest. He used his $500 prize 57 (collect) 619 toys for a local children’s hospital. After that, Orion wanted to make an even 58 (big) influence. In charity he packed meal boxes for people in need including a kind message for each receiver.
Orion says, “If someone is treated 59 (kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else. And then it just 60 (grow) and makes the world a better place.”
【答案】
51．However
52．his
53．a
54．and
55．about
56．listeners
57．to collect
58．bigger
59．kindly
60．grows
【分析】
本文讲述了一位十岁的小男孩从小就认为善良很重要，直到现在他还在致力于把善良传播到世界各地。
51．句意：然而，在参加全国慈善演讲比赛后，他变得更加积极。结合句意，前后句为转折关系，空格后有逗号，所以用转折连词however，句首首字母要大写，故填However。
52．句意：他将自己的行动称为“走向善良的竞赛”。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词性物主代词，he他，是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词为his，故填his。
53．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。根据句意，这里指一位老师，所以用不定冠词，teacher以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
54．句意：在一位老师告诉他比赛的情况后，奥瑞恩只有24小时来写作、记忆和录制他的演讲稿。句中write，memorize和record是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
55．句意：在演讲中，他谈到了善良的重要性。talk about sth.意为“谈论某事”，结合句意，故填about。
56．句意：他鼓励听众和他一起参加“走向善良的竞赛”，为他人做一些小而善良的行动。listener听众，是可数名词，结合句意，此处应用复数形式listeners，故填listeners。
57．句意：他用500美元的奖金为当地一家儿童医院收集了619件玩具。use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，故填to collect。
58．句意：在那之后，奥瑞恩想要产生更大的影响。句中even修饰形容词的比较级，big的比较级为bigger，故填bigger。
59．句意：如果有人被善待，它可以使他们的一天更光明，并鼓励该人对别人好。空格处修饰动词treated，应用副词形式，kind善良的，是形容词，其副词形式为kindly，故填kindly。
60．句意：然后它就会成长，让世界变得更美好。根据后面的并列动词makes和主语it可知，谓语动词grow用单三形式grows，故填grows。
（五）（2021·浙江宁波市·中考真题）
Susan was tired of having her three children talk back to her. One day, she climbed into her kids’ tree house. It was 61 good place, she thought, for a mother to go on strike（罢工）. She was tired of 62 (drive) them everywhere without thanks and doing more than her share of the work around the house. Until 63 (thing) changed, Susan decided to stay up in the tree.
Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention, 64 course. But that was not all that happened. Word of the fed-up mother spread. Before long, a camera crew from television’s Today Show came into their yard. Now people all across America were going to find 65 who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.
As the cameras worked, the three kids stood with their father near the tree house. Kate, the Today Show host, had a question for 66 (they). “What do you think about your mom on strike in that tree house?” she asked.
“I am kind of embarrassed,” said Misty.
“I’m really shocked, “said Joseph. “I did not think it would go this far. My mom is much 67 (crazy) than we thought.”
Rachel added, “I think mom is so strange 68 I can hardly believe it.”
But Susan had made her point. If the kids 69 (want) her back, they should know what to do. When the TV crew left, the kids went into their house 70 (quick) and got busy. Not long after that Susan climbed down from the tree and went back to being a mom.
【答案】
61．a
62．driving
63．things
64．of
65．out
66．them
67．crazier
68．that
69．wanted
70．quickly
【分析】
本文主要讲述了一位妈妈因为厌倦为家庭付出太多，而收不到任何感谢，一怒之下进行了罢工。后来随着《今日秀》摄制组的到来，事情有了转变。
61．句意：她想，这是一个母亲进行罢工的好地方。句中“place”为单数可数名词，“good”以辅音音素开头，且此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a，故填a。
62．句意：她厌倦了开车带着他们到处走，却不向她表示道谢，也厌倦了做太多她该做的家务。be tired of doing sth.厌倦做某事，of为介词，后面跟v-ing形式，故填driving。
63．句意：直到事情发生变化，苏珊决定留在树上。句中“thing”意为“事情”，为可数名词，根据句意知应用复数形式，故填things。
64．句意：当然，苏珊的罢工引起了孩子们的注意。由前句“Susan’s strike got her kids’ attention”和句中“course”可知，此句是说苏珊的罢工当然引起了孩子们的注意。of course当然，为固定短语，故填of。
65．句意：现在全美国的人都要找出是谁把孩子的妈妈送上了树。由句中“who drove the kids’ mother up a tree.”可知，此句是说全美国的人正打算找出谁把孩子的妈妈送上树。find out弄明白，查清楚，故填out。
66．句意：《今日秀》的主持人凯特问了他们一个问题。由句中“had a question”可知，此句是说向某人提问。句中“for”为介词，后面跟代词宾格，故填them。
67．句意：我妈妈比我们想象的要疯狂得多。crazy疯狂的，形容词，由句中“than”可知，应用比较级，故填crazier。
68．句意：雷切尔补充说:“我觉得妈妈太奇怪了，我简直不敢相信。”so...that...如此……以至于……，为固定句型，故填that。
69．句意：如果孩子们想要她回来，他们应该知道做什么。句中“if”如果，引导条件状语从句。这里是按正常情况“退一步说”，与现在的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句中用一般过去时，故填wanted。
70．句意：当摄制组离开后，孩子们迅速进入他们的房子，开始忙碌起来。句中“went into”为动词短语，应用副词修饰。quick快的，形容词，其副词形式为quickly，意为“快地”，故填quickly。
（六）（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）
Does my goldfish know who I am?
I think this is a great question. I do spend my days 71 (study) how fish go about their lives. First of all, fish are much smarter than people think. People often talk of goldfish having three-second memories, but in fact they can learn all kinds of things, and remember them 72 quite a long time.
This shouldn’t surprise us too much. Just like other animals, they can find enough to eat, and 73 (know) when it is sale to be out in the open. Being able to learn and remember things helps 74 (they) do this.
Many kinds of fish can tell one from another, according to their group, their relatives, 75 even their own eggs. But fish live in 76 very different world from us. For many kinds of fish, although seeing is important, 77 (sense) such as smell and touch are even more important.
So, does your fish know who you are? I believe your fish will 78 (sure) know when it is feeding time. My own fish become very 79 (excite) when my hand appears near their tank, even before I drop the food in. I’m not sure that your fish will be able to remember what your face 80 (look) like, but I wouldn’t be too surprised if it could remember you in other ways, perhaps by the sound of your footsteps as you walk towards the tank.
【答案】
71．studying
72．for
73．know
74．them
75．and/or
76．a
77．senses
78．surely
79．excited
80．looks
【分析】
文章介绍了鱼比人们想象的聪明得多。人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间，并且对此做出了解释。
71．句意：我每天都在研究鱼是如何生活的。spend...(in) doing sth“花费时间做某事”，是固定短语，故填studying。
72．句意：人们常说金鱼有三秒的记忆，但事实上它们能学到各种各样的东西，而且能记住很长时间。“quite a long time”是一段时间，应用介词for连接，故填for。
73．句意：就像其他动物一样，它们可以找到足够的东西，并且知道什么时候会被公开出售。and连接并列成分，前面是情态动词can后接动词原形，此处也用动词原形，故填know。
74．句意：能够学习和记忆事物有助于它们做到这一点。空处作动词的宾语，应用宾格，故填them。
75．句意：许多种类的鱼可以根据它们的群体，它们的亲戚，甚至它们自己的卵来区分彼此。根据“their group, their relatives...even their own eggs”可知，此处表达的是一种并列或选择关系，可以用and/or连接，故填and/or。
76．句意：但是鱼和我们生活在一个完全不同的世界里。空格修饰其后的单数名词world，应用不定冠词，very是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故填a。
77．句意：对于许多种类的鱼来说，虽然视觉很重要，但嗅觉和触觉等感官更为重要。根据“are”可知，句子主语应是复数名词，故填senses。
78．句意：我相信你的鱼一定会知道什么时候是喂食的时候。空格处修饰的是句中的动词，应用副词形式，故填surely。
79．句意：当我的手出现在我的鱼缸附近时，我的鱼变得非常兴奋。空格处作表语，应用形容词，修饰有生命的鱼，应用ed形容词，故填excited。
80．句意：我不确定你的鱼是否能记住你的脸。句子主语是单数名词face，动词要用三单形式，故填looks。
（七）（2021·四川德阳市·中考真题）
According to a recent survey, violence(暴力) did happen in schools. Students showed 81 (they) fear and parents and teachers also expressed their worries about it. Experts hope that 82 whole society pay more attention to the mental health of teenagers.
Nowadays, school violence is a hot problem. I think this is also a big problem 83 needs our great attention. We should make every effort to prevent violence 84 (happen) at school, for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 85 (safe) couldn’t be guaranteed.
In fact, violence can 86 (learn). Children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.
If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to 87 (much) fighting. If I meet with school violence, I 88 (tell) my teachers or parents about it. I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from bad 89 (guy).
All in all, every student should behave well and keep away 90 violence.
【答案】
81．their
82．the
83．which/that
84．happening
85．safety
86．be learned
87．more
88．will tell
89．guys
90．from
【分析】
本文主要关于校园暴力，呼吁大家重视校园暴力问题并提出了面对校园暴力时的做法。
81．句意：学生表现出恐惧，家长和老师也表达了他们的担忧。they他们，人称代词主格，此处指代“Students”；根据空后的“fear”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
82．句意：专家们希望全社会更加关注青少年的心理健康。根据空后的“whole society”可知，此处可填入定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。
83．句意：我认为这也是一个需要我们高度关注的大问题。本句为定语从句，先行词为“a big problem”，指物，在从句中作主语，可填that或which。故填which/that。
84．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。happen发生，动词；prevent...(from) doing...阻止……做……。故填happening。
85．句意：我们应该尽一切努力防止校园暴力的发生，因为如果不能保证学生的人身安全，会有越来越多的学生辍学。safe安全的，形容词；根据“personal”可知，此处填一个名词，safe的名词为safety。故填safety。
86．句意：事实上，暴力是可以被学来的。learn学习，动词；“violence”与“learn”为被动关于，空前有can，此处为含情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词 + be done。故填be learned。
87．句意：如果我遇到学校暴力，我不会用暴力来回应暴力，因为暴力会导致更多的打斗。根据“If I meet with school violence, I will not answer violence with violence, for it will lead to...fighting.”可知，用暴力来回应暴力，会导致更多的打斗，填much的比较级形式more。故填more。
88．句意：如果我遇到校园暴力，我会告诉我的老师或家长。本句为If引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”的原则，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时。故填will tell。
89．句意：我想他们会帮我处理好的，他们会保护我不受坏人的伤害。guy家伙，可数名词，此处应填其复数形式。故填guys。
90．句意：总之，每个学生都应该表现良好，远离暴力。keep away from表示“远离”，此处表示远离暴力。故填from.
（八）（2021·山东枣庄市·中考真题）
Do you like Chinese folk music? Maybe your answer is no, but I like it very much. Last night, a friend of 91 (my) took me to a concert of Chinese folk music. The piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Relected on Second Spring), which was played on the erhu, especially moved me. The erhu sounded sad 92 to make me almost cry along with it as I listened. 93 the music was strangely beautiful, under the 94 (beautiful) I sensed a strong sadness and pain. Later I looked up the story of Erquan Yingyue, and I began to understand the sadness in the music.
Abing, a folk musician 95 was born in the city of Wuxi in 1893, 96 (write) the music. His mother died when he was very young. He 97 (teach) to play many instruments by his father, and by age 17, Abing was famous 98 his musical ability. However, after his father died, Abing’s life grew 99 (bad). He was very poor. Not only that, he developed a serious illness and became blind. For several years, he had no home. He lived on the streets and played music 100 (make) a living.
【答案】
91．mine
92．enough
93．Although/Though
94．beauty
95．who/that
96．wrote
97．was taught
98．for
99．worse
100．to make
【分析】
本文主要讲了作者听音乐会时被《二泉映月》这首曲子所感动，继而介绍了音乐家阿炳的生平。
91．句意：昨晚，我的一个朋友带我去听了一场中国民间音乐会。根据“a friend of ... (my)”可知此处指我的一个朋友，用my的名词性物主代词形式mine表示“我的”，构成双重所有格。故填mine。
92．句意：二胡的声音听起来很悲伤，让我听着几乎要哭了。adj. enough to do sth.足够……可以做某事。故填enough。
93．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。句子前后是让步关系，用although或though表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。句子开头首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
94．句意：虽然音乐异常美丽，在美丽之下，我感觉到强烈的悲伤和痛苦。根据“under the ...”k可知要用名词作宾语，beautiful的名词形式beauty意为“美丽”，不可数名词。故填beauty。
95．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。先行词“a folk musician”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who或that引导定语从句。故填who/that。
96．句意：这首歌是阿炳写的，他是一位1893年出生在无锡的民间音乐家。根据下文可知以一般过去时讲述阿炳生平，此处用write的过去式wrote。故填wrote。
97．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“by his father”及“His mother died when he was very young.”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“he”后接be动词was，teach的过去分词形式为taught。故填was taught。
98．句意：他的父亲教他弹奏许多乐器，17岁时，阿炳就因他的音乐才能而闻名。根据“his musical ability”可知因音乐才能而出名，be famous for因……而出名。故填for。
99．句意：然而，在他的父亲去世后，阿炳的生活变得更糟。根据“However, after his father died”可知父亲去世后生活比之前更糟糕了，bad的比较级worse意为“更糟糕的”。故填worse。
100．句意：他露宿街头，靠演奏音乐谋生。根据“played music ... (make) a living”可知演奏音乐是为了谋生，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。
（九）（2021·浙江金华市·中考真题）
The top Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, famous for his “Super Rice”, died of illness at the age of 91 111 May 22th, 2021.
Yuan Longping 112 (be) born in Beijing in 1930. For almost 60 years, he had given most of his time and energy to rice research. So far, the hybrid rice(杂交水稻)he developed 113 (pull) millions of people out of hunger all over the world. His achievements were so great 114 he was called “The Father of Hybrid Rice” and won World Food Prize.
During his lifetime, Yuan Longping spent 115 (much)time in the farm field than in his office. He was often seen watching plants 116 (close)and thinking of ways to improve them, just as many Chinese 117 (farmer)do.
Yuan once said he had 118 dream—to “enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”. 119 a pity it is that he can’t continue his dream now! But surely, people believe, his dream 120 (come) true in the near future.
【答案】
111．on
112．was
113．has pulled
114．that
115．more
116．closely
117．farmers
118．a
119．What
120．will come
【分析】
本文简略介绍了杂交水稻之父中国顶尖科学家袁隆平先生伟大的一生。
111．句意：以“超级稻”闻名的中国顶尖科学家袁隆平于2021年5月22日因病去世，享年91岁。根据“May 22th, 2021”可知，这是一个具体日期，应用介词on，故填on。
112．句意：袁隆平1930年生于北京。根据时间状语“ in 1930”可知，应用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词用was，故填was。
113．句意：到目前为止，他开发的杂交水稻已经使全世界数百万人摆脱了饥饿。根据句中“So far”可知，该句应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has，pull过去分词为pulled，故填has pulled。
114．句意：他的成就是如此伟大，以至于他被称为“杂交水稻之父”，并获得世界粮食奖。so…that…意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，结合句意，故填that。
115．句意：生前，袁隆平在农田里的时间比在办公室里的时间多。根据句中“than in his office”可知，此处应用much的比较级more，故填more。
116．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。分析句子结构，空格处要修饰动词watching，所以应用副词形式；close近的，为形容词，其副词形式为closely亲密地，故填closely。
117．句意：人们经常看到他密切观察植物，思考如何改善它们，就像许多中国农民所做的那样。farmer农民，为可数名词；根据空格前的many可知，此处应填farmer的复数形式为farmers，故填farmers。
118．句意：袁曾说，他有一个梦想，就是“在比男人高的稻穗下乘凉”。空格后dream意为“梦想”，是可数名词；根据“enjoy the cool under the rice plants taller than men”可知，这里指有一个梦想，dream以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。
119．句意：可惜他现在不能继续他的梦想了! 该句为感叹句，根据“a pity…”可知，应用what引导感叹句，其结构为“What +a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!”，句首首字母要大写，故填What。
120．句意：但人们相信，他的梦想一定会在不久的将来实现。根据句中“in the near future”可知，应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，故填will come。
（十）（2021·浙江嘉兴市·中考真题）
In the past, my old grandmother didn’t enjoy talking on the phone. Actually, she hated it so she was always refusing 121 (use) it. She told us that she preferred speaking to people in person. It always 122 (make) her sad that she couldn’t see the person she was talking to. The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, 123 mentioned video calling over the Internet. It 124 (invent) for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with 125 idea. We bought her a laptop (笔记本电脑). One of my 126 (cousin) went over to her house and taught her how to use it. 127 (lucky), she was a quick learner.
Now, she enjoys 128 (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression 129 her face. She says it’s also very convenient. She can put it anywhere in the house 130 it is small and doesn’t take up much room. Sometimes she even talks to us while she’s in the kitchen cooking!
【答案】
121．to use
122．made
123．and
124．is invented/was invented
125．an
126．cousins
127．Luckily
128．herself
129．on
130．because/as
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍作者的奶奶学习使用笔记本电脑，这样奶奶就可以经常看到家人、跟家人聊天。
121．句意：事实上，她讨厌它，所以她总是拒绝使用它。refuse to do sth拒绝做某事，故填to use。
122．句意：这总是让她难过，她不能看到她正在说话的人。根据“couldn’t”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填made。
123．句意：有一天，我们和奶奶聊天，提到了网上视频电话。前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
124．句意：发明它是为了让人们在网上聊天时看到彼此。主语It是动作invent的承受者，用被动语态，此处用一般现在时或一般过去时均可，故填is/was invented。
125．句意：然后我们想到了一个主意。此处泛指“一个主意”，idea首字母发元音音素，故填an。
126．句意：我的一个表姐去她家教她怎么用。one of+名词复数，故填cousins。
127．句意：幸运的是，她学得很快。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Luckily。
128．句意：现在，她每天和我们聊天时都很开心。enjoy oneself玩得开心，用其反身代词形式，故填herself。
129．句意：她很高兴，从她脸上的表情就能看出来。on one’s face在某人的脸上，故填on。
130．句意：她可以把它放在房子的任何地方，因为它很小，不占太多的空间。“it is small and doesn’t take up much room”是“She can put it anywhere in the house”的原因，可用because/as引导原因状语从句，故填because/as。
（十一）（2021·浙江丽水市·中考真题）
Ed, William and Dan are three young men who love music. They’ve left their comfortable homes without taking any 131 (money) or mobile phones. They plan 132 (walk) around the whole Britain, singing for dinner and sleeping anywhere like fields.
Ed and Dan met William when they were at school. They all liked walking. 133 they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris and became 134 artist. Dan became a gardener and William a bookseller. They were still friends, 135 they weren’t very happy with their lives.
One day they said, “Why don’t we start walking?” And so they did.
They love simple activities 136 the busy, stressful world.
“People often ask 137 (we) why we’re doing this. But you know it’s a great life and we’re learning so much on our journey,” says William 138 (proud).
Last year they started a website to tell people a lot of stories about their walks. This year they’d like to make videos and tell 139 (many) stories. Next year, they 140 make CD of their songs and star charity. The future looks good.
【答案】
131．money
132．to walk
133．After/When
134．an
135．but
136．in
137．us
138．proudly
139．more
140．will make/are going to make
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，像我们介绍了Ed、William和Dan三人的故事。
131．句意：他们离开舒适的家，没有带任何钱或手机。money不可数名词，在句中作宾语，故填money。
132．句意：他们计划周游整个英国，晚餐唱歌，在田野之类的任何地方睡觉。plan to do sth计划做某事，使用动词不定式作宾语，故填to walk。
133．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。分析“…they finished school, Ed went to study art in Paris”可知，此处表示“……之后/当……时”，在句中引导时间状语从句，故填After/When。
134．句意：毕业后/当毕业时，艾德去巴黎学习艺术，成为了一名艺术家。此处泛指一名艺术家，使用不定冠词修饰，artist首字母发元音音素，故填an。
135．句意：他们仍然是朋友，但他们对自己的生活不太满意。前后两句构成转折关系，使用but连接，故填but。
136．句意：他们喜欢在忙碌而充满压力的世界里进行简单的活动。in the…world在……的世界里，故填in。
137．句意：人们经常问我们为什么要这么做。此处在动词后作宾语，用we的宾格us，故填us。
138．句意：威廉自豪地说。用于句中修饰动词says，用proud的副词形式proudly，故填proudly。
139．句意：今年他们想制作视频，讲述更多的故事。分析上下文，强调去年和今天的对比，用many的比较级more修饰stories，故填more。
140．句意：明年，他们将制作他们的歌曲和明星慈善的CD。根据“Next year”可知，是一般将来时，用will do/be going to do表示，主语是they，be动词用are，故填will make/are going to make。
（十二）（2021·浙江衢州市·中考真题）
Edgar Snow(1905—1972) was an American reporter. He is best known for his books and 1 （文章）on Communism in China and the Chinese Communist revolution.
Snow came to China in 1928. He spent over 10 years 2 （旅行）widely in China and trying to understand its people. At the same time, he tried to show what he learned to the rest of the world.
For 3 （例子）, Red Star Over China, which came out in the 1930s, is known as the first book that introduced China’s revolution to the west. In it, Snow 4 （收集）firsthand information on the Long March, as well as on the work and lifestyle of members of the Communist Party of China in Shaanxi Province.
Many Westerners were introduced to the Party through his book. Norman Bethune, a 5 （加拿大的）doctor, came to China after reading Snow’s book. He worked 6 （努力地）to save the lives of Chinese soldiers during World War I.
“When the 7 （整个的）world had forgotten us, Snow came to see us and told the world what had happened. We will remember Snow’s great help to China forever,” Chairman Mao said during an 8 （采访）with a German reporter in 1938.
Snow’s spirit is still needed now, as well as in the 9 （将来）, according to People’s Daily. “No writer has spoken more 10 （强烈地）about Sino-US relations than Edgar Snow. And no matter the era, people around the world always need some sort of link,” the paper said.
【答案】
1．articles
2．travelling/touring/tripping
3．example
4．collected
5．Canadian
6．hard
7．whole
8．interview
9．future
10．strongly
【分析】
文章介绍了埃德加·斯诺是一位美国记者。他最出名的是关于中国共产主义和中国共产主义革命的书籍和文章，以及他是如何将中国革命的情况传播到西方国家的。
1．句意：他最出名的是关于中国共产主义和中国共产主义革命的书籍和文章。article“文章”，是单数名词，and连接并列部分，books是复数名词，此处也用复数形式，故填articles。
2．句意：他花了10多年时间在中国广泛旅行。travel/tour/trip“旅行”，此处是spend...doing的结构，故填travelling/touring/tripping。
3．句意：例如，20世纪30年代出版的《红星照耀中国》被称为第一本向西方介绍中国革命的书。example“例子”，for example“例如”，是固定短语，故填example。
4．句意：在里面，斯诺收集了长征的第一手资料。collect“收集”，是动词，描述过去的动作，动词用过去式，故填collected。
5．句意：加拿大医生诺曼·白求恩看完斯诺的书来到中国。Canadian“加拿大的”，是形容词，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填Canadian。
6．句意：在第一次世界大战期间，他努力挽救中国士兵的生命。hard“努力地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填hard。
7．句意：当全世界都忘记我们的时候，斯诺来看我们，告诉全世界发生了什么。whole“整个的”，是形容词，作定语修饰其后的名词，故填whole。
8．句意：毛主席在1938年接受德国记者采访时说。interview“采访”，此处是名词，空格前有an修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填interview。
9．句意：据《人民日报》报道，斯诺的精神现在还是需要的，将来也是需要的。future“将来”，此处构成短语in the future“在将来”，故填future。
10．句意：对于中美关系，没有哪个作家比埃德加·斯诺更为强烈地论述过。strongly“强烈地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词，故填strongly。
（十三）（2021·湖北武汉市·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出
Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark. But the woman has become an environmentalist on her o 11 .
In 1992, the first UN Earth Summit(峰会) was held in Rio de Janeiro. Thousands of people from around the world h 12 for it to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow. Twelve-year-old Susan and three of her friends formed a group. They raised money to travel to Rio to a 13 the summit.
At the summit, Susan said that the state of the environment w 14 her a lot. “You don’t know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer (臭氧层). You don’t know how to bring back forests that once g 15 where there is now desert. If you don’t know how to fix the Earth, please stop b 16 it!” The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech, Susan began to lead “two lives.” On the t 17 days, she was a schoolchild. But during her vacations, she s 18 internationally about the environment.
Now, nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech. Although many of the world’s environmental problems have only become w 19 , Susan does agree that some things are different now. More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
“Thirty years ago, I was fighting for my tomorrow. Now, I am fighting for the f 20 of my sons,” says Susan, now a mother of two, who has kept calling people's attention to climate change.
【答案】
11．(o)wn
12．(h)eaded
13．(a)ttend
14．(w)orried
15．(g)rew
16．(b)reaking
17．(t)ypical
18．(s)poke
19．(w)orse
20．(f)uture
【分析】
本文主要讲述了苏珊如何凭借自己的力量成为一名环保主义者的事迹。
11．句意：但这位女士凭借自己的力量成为了一名环保主义者。由前句和句中转折连词“But”可知，此句是说这位女士依靠自己成了一名环保主义者。on one’s own独自，为固定短语，故填(o)wn。
12．句意：来自世界各地的成千上万的人前往大会，讨论地球的明天。句中“it”指代联合国地球峰会，由句中“to talk about the Earth’s tomorrow”可知，此句是说很多人前往大会。head做动词时，意为“使向……进行”，head for前往，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(h)eaded。
13．句意：他们筹钱到里约热内卢去参加峰会。由句中“to”和“the summit”可知，这里是说参加峰会。attend参加，出席，动词，句中用动词不定式作目的状语，此处用原形，故填(a)ttend。
14．句意：在峰会上，苏珊说环境状况让她很担心。下文说的是苏珊担心的事情，所以此句是说环境状况让她担心。worry使……担心，此句叙述的是过去的事，用一般过去时，故填(w)orried。
15．句意：你不知道如何恢复曾经生长在沙漠里的森林。由句中“forest that once”和“where there is now desert”可知，此句是说曾经长在沙漠里的森林。grow生长，动词，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(g)rew。
16．句意：如果你不知道如何修复地球，请停止破坏它！由前半句“If you don't know how to fix the Earth”可知，此句是说停止破坏它。break破坏，动词，stop doing sth.停止做某事，故填(b)reaking。
17．句意：在平常的日子里，她还是个小学生。由后句“But during her vacations”可知，此句是说在平常的日子里。typical代表性的，典型的，形容词，故填(t)ypical。
18．句意：但在休假期间，她在国际上谈论了环境问题。阅读短文可知，苏珊过两种生活，在平常的日子里是学生，在假期时，她就环境问题发表国际性讲话。speak讲话，动词，由句意知用一般过去时，故填(s)poke。
19．句意：尽管世界上的许多环境问题只会变得更糟，但苏珊确实同意有些事情现在已经不同了。although引导的是让步状语从句，结合所给首字母“w”可知，此句是说许多环境问题变得更糟了。worse更糟糕的，为形容词的比较级，故填(w)orse。
20．句意：现在，我正在为我儿子的未来而奋斗，”苏珊说，她现在是两个孩子的母亲，她一直在呼吁人们关注气候变化。由句中“fighting for”和“of my sons”可知，此句是说为了孩子们的未来而奋斗。future未来，名词，the future of……的未来，故填(f)uture。
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