河南省青桐鸣2022-2023学年高三英语下学期3月大联考试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份河南省青桐鸣2022-2023学年高三英语下学期3月大联考试题（Word版附解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
青桐鸣大联考(高三)
英 语
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B. f9.18. C.£9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the main reason for the man to choose his university?
A. The scholarship. B. The major. C. The location.
2. Which country is Steve going to visit this time?
A. Italy. B. Australia. C. Germany.
3. How does the woman suggest the man go to the museum?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.
4. What's the weather like now?
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a bus stop. B. On a train. C. At a subway station.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man going to do?
A. Buy a gift. B. Return a book. C. Have a meal.
7. What's the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Mother and son. C. Shopping guide and customer.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What happened to the man's phone last night?
A. It was busy. B. It was lost. C. It was out of order.
英语试题 第1页(共8页)

9. What is the woman's advice to the man?
A. Call George back at once.
B. Stay away from the phone.
C. Add call-waiting phone service.
10. What has the man decided to do?
A. Buy a new phone.
B. Get the phone repaired.
C. Offer better service to the woman.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What kind of beef does the woman order?
A. Well-done. B. Medium. C. Rare.
12. Which drink does the woman like best?
A. Coffee. B. Beer. C. Tea.
13. How much should the woman pay?
A.$25. B.$30. C.$35.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man doing?
A. Doing a survey. B. Hosting a TV show. C. Chairing a meeting.
15. Whom does the woman owe her success to?
A. Her boss. B. Her parents. C. Her band.
16. What does the man think of the woman?
A. Talented. B. Modest. C. Ambitious.
17. Which album did the woman compose herself?
A. Going Home. B. Precious Burden. C. I Will Be There.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is Andres's father?
A. A lawyer. B. A psychologist. C. A jewellery designer.
19. What was the initial attitude of Andres's parents towards his career choice as an artist?
A. Favorable. B. Unconcerned. C. Doubtful.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. A famous painting. B. A young artist. C. A happy family.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tour of Masai Mara,Lake Naivasha and Lake Nakuru
Overview
Join a private guide for a 4-day safari(游猎旅行)through Masai Mara National Reserve,Lake Naivasha,and Lake Nakuru,customizing the trip by choosing standard,luxury,or superior accommodations. Visiting the three dramatically varied game reserves means you'll have the opportunity to spot each of the classic Big Five wildlife in a natural habitat;optional added activities range from hot-air balloons to community-based tourism.
·Private tour ensures personalized service
•Select accommodations to suit your budget and preferences
·Included,daily game drives feature impressive landscapes
·Convenient pickup and drop-off at Nairobi hotels or the airport
英语试题 第2页(共8页)

Tour Prices

Travelers 2-3 travelers 4-5 travelers
Jan-Mar,Oct-Dec $1,515 $1,215
Apr-Jun $1,315 $1,115
Jul-Sept $1,795 $1,515
·Prices are per person in US dollars.
Meeting and Pickup
You can head directly to the meeting point,or request pickup.
Meeting Point
Uganda House 15,Uganda House,Kenyatta Ave,Nairobi,Kenya.
The Bencia office is located in the building.
Start Time
07:30 AM
End Point
This activity ends back at the meeting point.
Pickup Details
Airport pickup is included. Airport pickup time is flexible and depends on your arrival time on Day 1.
What's Included and Optional

What'sincluded Optional
✔ Transport in a safari-modified vehicle,inclusive of
hotel/airport pickup and drop-off × Cultural village visit($20/p)
✔ All park entrance fees and full board accommodation
as per the chosen option. × Boat ride($30/p)
✔ Lunch × Balloon safari($450/p)
✔ Breakfast
✔ Dinner
21. How much should a couple pay if they travel in October?
A.$1,215. B.$2,230. C.$2,630. D.$3,030.
22. Which of the following will require an extra charge?
A. Taking balloon rides. B. Enjoying pickup service.
C. Having breakfast in the hotel. D. Admission to the parks.
23. What is this text?
A. A geography report. B. A news item.
C. A travel brochure. D. A travel journal.
B
On Dec 15,2020,Oleita posted a request online:“The cold weather is upon us and will only be getting worse. I am wanting to collect 10,000 chip bags to make 60 sleeping bags. These sleeping bags will be distributed to the homeless.”
And with that,the Chip Bag Project was born,which is a way to help clean up the city's streets,reduce waste and support folks in need.
Almost immediately after Oleita posted that first call for bags,people took notice. Local businesses offered to serve as collection points,and volunteers raised their hands to get involved.However,the road to success has its ups and downs,and Oleita is very familiar with each.
英语试题 第3页(共8页)

For a while,the Chip Bag Project operated out of a small space donated by a local business,but the team recently had to leave.“It's ironic(讽刺的)that we provide resources for displaced people and are now displaced,”says Oleita.“Not having a permanent place is our biggest headache.”
Yet they're not giving up. Instead,the team does everything—including production,equipment and supply storage—in volunteers’homes,or community spaces they can use for an afternoon or weekend.
It's hard work,but it has already paid off in one major win:The Chip Bag Project recently partnered with Cape Cod Chips. The snack food company sends Oleita its“reject”chip bags—those that were misprinted or cut off-center—in large rolls and also provides permanent space.
Oleita has served as a community organizer for the past decade,and she has experienced homelessness herself. So she knew that this project needed to do more than just hand out sleeping bags.“I don't make economic change by giving people a sleeping bag,”she says.“This also isn't just about trash. That's a passive approach.”The 26-year-old is working on growing the Chip Bag Project into an organization that also creates green jobs,helps vulnerable(脆弱的)community members find resources and continues to raise environmental awareness.
24. Why does Oleita collect chip bags?
A. To make sleeping bags. B. To produce blankets.
C. To design jackets. D. To build moveable houses.
25. What was the biggest difficulty for the Chip Bag Project?
A. A shortage of team spirit. B. The poor skills of volunteers.
C. A lack of a fixed workplace. D. The worn-out equipment.
26. Which of the following can best describe Oleita?
A. Humorous and courageous. B. Sympathetic and ambitious.
C. Optimistic and peace-loving. D. Patient and knowledgeable.
27. What can we say about the project?
A. It is viewed as impractical.
B. Its mission is to get rid of homelessness.
C. It is a“two birds with one stone”solution.
D. It is ignored by the local communities.
C
Lawns(草坪). They're part of American life. Over a century,from around the 1870s to the 1970s,Americans slowly fell in love with lawns. Lawns were a sign of taste,calm,power and order,especially after World War II. Over the past 50 years,we've slowly fallen out of love with lawns. They began to signal waste,disregard and disagreement.
“Wasn't there something a bit wasteful about millions of Americans applying millions of pounds of fertilizer and pouring millions of gallons of water on the ground to grow something you couldn't eat unless you were a Jersey cow?”wrote Ellen Goodman in the Boston Globe way back in 1977.
However,we are still,largely,lawn people. The biggest irrigated(灌溉的)crop,by area,in the United States?Not corn or soybeans or potatoes,but lawns. Unproductive,decorative lawn:around 40 million acres of it,or 2%of the land area of the whole country,according to estimates cited by Garik Gutman,program manager for NASA's Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program.
Forty million acres:The entire state of Georgia couldn't contain America's total lawn area.And we pour 9 billion gallons of water on landscaping every day,according to the Environmental
英语试题 第4页(共8页)

Protection Organization. Meanwhile,the southwestern United States is suffering a serious drought;the past two decades have been its driest period since the year 800. In a world thirsty for water,lawns actually take up too much water.
Now we have TikTok hashtags(话题标签)such as #anti-lawn,which might direct you to a performance of an anti-lawn song by a 27-year-old Nashville musician named Mel Bryant.“At the time,all of my neighbors were crazy about their lawns,”says Bryant,who wrote the song on Earth Day 2020.“Everyone was cutting grass,every day. At any point in time you'd hear lawn grass cutting machines going. And it drove me crazy. I still have this one neighbor who,I promise,on the Fourth of July was cutting grass at 7:30 pm. What are you doing,man?This can wait.”
28. What can best describe Americans’attitude towards lawns?
A. Cautious. B. Changeable.
C. Uninterested. D. Conventional.
29. What is the most irrigated crop in America?
A. Corn. B. Soybeans. C. Potatoes. D. Lawns.
30. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. Reasons for poor lawn growth.
B. The consequences of droughts.
C. Measures for drought prevention.
D. Too much water consumption on lawns.
31. What message might Mel Bryant convey in his song?
A. Opposition to lawns. B. Enthusiasm for gardening.
C. Desire for freedom. D. Doubts about holiday traditions.
D
The brain of a woodpecker(啄木鸟)experiences a seemingly disastrous impact every time its beak(喙)meets wood.“When you see these birds with hard beaks,flexible tongues and strong neck muscles in action,hitting their head against a tree quite violently,then as humans we start wondering how these birds avoid getting headaches or brain damage,”says Van Wassenbergh,a researcher at the University of Antwerp in Belgium.
In the past,scientists have suggested the bird's brain is protected from the impacts,perhaps by a skull(头骨)that acts as a cushion(缓冲物). But Van Wassenbergh wasn't convinced. So he led a team that set out to settle the issue using high-speed videos of woodpeckers in action.
“We went to four different zoos in Europe where they had woodpeckers and we recorded them at very high frame rates,while they were pecking,”he says.
Although earlier studies have discovered a number of fascinating facts,one of which is that pecking repeatedly can be used by birds to find a mate,the videos revealed some new surprising details. For example,“they close their eyes at the moment they impact the wood,”Van Wassenbergh says,to protect their eyes from pieces of wood. The videos also showed that woodpeckers'beaks often get stuck in the wood. But they break free almost instantly,thanks to a clever beak design that provides independent motion of the upper and lower beak.
“By analyzing high-speed videos of three species of woodpeckers,we found that woodpeckers do not absorb the shock of the impacts when pecking,”says Van Wassenbergh.
That means the organ repeatedly experiences impacts that would cause an injury in a human brain. Yet the woodpecker brain is unscathed,even after thousands of impacts in a single day.That is possible because a woodpecker's brain is protected—not by cushioning,but by its tiny size and weight,Van Wassenbergh says.
英语试题 第5页(共8页)

“An animal that has a smaller size can resist higher-speed impacts,”he says.“That's a biomechanical law.”Now,it has been confirmed by Van Wassenbergh's high-speed videos.
32. What did scientists previously assume was protecting the woodpecker's brain?
A. The bird's skull. B. The bird's tongue.
C. The bird's beak. D. The bird's neck muscles.
33. What can we learn about the woodpeckers from the videos?
A. They peck repeatedly to attract partners.
B. They can absorb the shock of the impacts.
C. Their upper and lower beaks move independently.
D. They keep their eyes open when pecking the wood.
34. Which of the following best explains the underlined word“unscathed”in paragraph 6?
A. Sharp. B. Unharmed. C. Abnormal. D. Alarmed.
35. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Do Woodpeckers Damage Your Trees?
B. Do Woodpeckers Drill to Attract Partners?
C. It Is About Time Woodpeckers Made a Comeback
D. Woodpeckers’Tiny Brain Size Resists Head Impact Injury
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Research has shown that healing gardens bring nature's positive effects on our physical and mental well- being. 36 .
Start with the hardscape(人造景观).
You can think of the garden as an outdoor room. To unite the areas in your backyard or side gardens, include paths and paved areas that your planting beds will surround. 37 , make sure your paths are wide enough. Path surfaces must be firm and smooth.
38 .
A water feature creates a feeling of relaxation. It does not have to be complicated;a simple rock bubbler will do the trick. If you have a larger space,consider a pond(池塘)or waterfall. Or maybe you could hang a wind chime(风铃)at the entrance to your garden. If you spend time in your garden in the evening,use LED lighting to set off plants to their best advantage.
Attract wildlife.
Create a habitat to encourage wildlife to come to the garden for its healing energy.39 .Joe-Pye weed and purple coneflowers are their favorites. Bring in the hummingbirds with a bed of Jacob Cline bee balm.
Provide seating.
Include places to sit and observe the beauty of nature. 40 . Or choose a comfortable chair or hanging bed. Take the comfort of your seating area a step further by transforming it into a secret place defined by light curtains or plantings. An outdoor carpet can improve comfort and help define the area. Include an outdoor bookshelf or a blanket box.
A. Include water,sound,and lighting
B. When you consider the healing effects
C. If you need to consider using wheelchairs
D. Decide which plants to add to your healing garden
E. Here are a few ideas for designing a healing garden at home
F. A simple bench,or lightweight chairs that can easily be moved will be enough
G. Attract birds and insects by providing birdhouses,birdfeeders,and plants that supply food
英语试题 第6页(共8页)

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ella was sitting with a full plate of steak and potatoes with her father in a restaurant. And then Ella saw a 41 guy outside the restaurant.
“ Can I just give it to him?” Ella 42 asked her father.“ Of course.43 ,” her father nodded. Ella,full of initiative(积极性),quickly hurried from the table with the full plate of food and a fork outside the 44 .
From the view of the restaurant window,the father's eyes 45 his daughter as she walked away. Ella then 46 the homeless man sitting on a bench right outside the restaurant with the full meal and a fork. The man happily 47 the meal. Ella ’s father, unable to 48 his pride, repeated,“ That's my girl.” As Ella, full of 49 , made her way back into the restaurant,the homeless man looked back before 50 the hot meal.
“Good job Ella!”her father said.“I think you just made his week. How does that make you feel?”“I 51 it!” she grins(咧嘴笑).
About the moment,Ella's father described it 52:“My daughter learned a valuable 53 by giving back to people that 54 less. It is really a proud father 55 !”It's acts like these that show how it just 56 one person to make a positive difference to the world. Whether a friend,family or stranger,a kind act can go a long way.
A simple act of kindness,no matter how big or small can make a significant 57 on someone's day. There's no 58 to acts of kindness for kids, or anyone of any 59 , to do.As we can see from Ella's 60 , it just may make someone's day.
41. A. homeless B. tired C. patient D. courageous
42. A. constantly B. softly C. deliberately D. unwillingly
43. A. Sit down B. Cheer up C. Go ahead D. Hold on
44. A. hospital B. bakery C. shelter D. restaurant
45. A. touched B. followed C. recognized D. amused
46. A. avoided B. convinced C. approached D. witnessed
47. A. accepted B. bought C. paid D. removed
48. A. limit B. delay C. expect D. contain
49. A. hesitation B. joy C. worry D. amazement
50. A. setting aside B. holding back C. eating up D. casting away
51. A. like B. dream C. regret D. imagine
52. A. surprisingly B. proudly C. honestly D. disappointedly
53. A. incident B. plan C. lesson D. mistake
54. A. purchase B. produce C. return D. possess
55. A. duty B. moment C. prediction D. schedule
56. A. takes B. employs C. favors D. challenges
57. A. attempt B. emphasis C. argument D. impact
58. A. answer B. solution C. end D. contribution
59. A. age B. occupation C. major D. qualification
60. A. bravery B. wisdom C. humor D. selflessness
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A slow train in Southwest China possessing its own study room has attracted much attention
英语试题 第7页(共8页)

from netizens 61(recent).
The train No 5609/5610, running between Chongqing and Xiushan county, is 62 public-welfare“slow train”. In some carriages,some seats have been replaced with desks and chairs next to the windows to transform them into“study carriages”for passengers in need. A lot of inspirational slogans can 63 ( see) throughout the carriages.
In 64 ( add) to No 5609/5610, other “ slow trains ” have been upgraded(升级) with “ study carriages ”, including No 5619/5620 and 5633/5634, 65 run along the Chengdu-Kunming Railway. Students from nearby schools often take the train between school and home.The trains are their“school buses”and many passengers use their travel time to complete homework.
On train No Z150,a 66 ( transform)“ book bar ” carriage has been welcomed by college students. There are nearly 400 universities and colleges in the cities along the line,67 (make)train No Z150 the first choice for most students on those campuses. Since 2015,the train's dining car 68 ( be) open for free at night to provide returning students with a lending library,free tea 69 other services. These small 70(measure)taken by the railway department are a welcome comfort for passengers in need of a relaxing place to continue their studies.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I have a good news to tell you. It is said which a new fitness club will be open in our city.Now let me give you some informations about it. The club,lying on Hongqi Road,are near the bookstore we visited last month. It will be open in the morning of March 8,and there are already many people saying we can't wait to go there. Considered we have been so busy late,I think it's a wonderful chance for us to relax. Just the saying goes,all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. We should learnt to keep a balance between study and life.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是校英语报的编辑李华，上周末你们学校举行了中国学生和留学生交换读物的活动，请你就此事写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.活动的时间和地点；
2.活动的过程；
3.收获与感想。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
A Reading Material Exchange Activity



英语试题 第8页(共8页)

2023届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
青桐鸣大联考(高三)参考答案
英 语

第一部分 听力
1—5 BBCAC 6—10 ACACA
11—15 ABABC 16—20 BCACB
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了前往马赛马拉国家保护区、纳瓦沙湖和纳库鲁湖进行为期四天的旅行所包含的活动、旅行费用、出发时间、集合地点等信息。
21. D 细节理解题。根据文中Tour Prices(旅游价目表)的介绍可知，10月-12月份的2-3人团，每人应该支付1，515美元。因此，如果10月份一对夫妇去旅游的话，需要支付3，030美元。故选D。
22. A 细节理解题。根据文中最后表格中的Optional 部分可知，乘坐热气球需要额外支付费用。故选A。
23. C 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了前往马赛马拉国家保护区、纳瓦沙湖和纳库鲁湖这三个保护区进行四天旅行的旅游项目、费用、出发时间、集合地点等，是一篇旅游手册。故选C。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Oleita发起了名为Chip Bag Project的公益项目,通过回收空薯片袋，为无家可归的人制作睡袋，既保护了环境，又帮助了需要帮助的人。
24. A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I am wanting to collect 10,000 chip bags to make 60 sleeping bags.”可知,Oleita收集薯片包装袋是为了将其制作成睡袋。故选A。
25. C 细节理解题。根据第四段中Oleita所说的“‘Not having a permanent place is our biggest


headache.’”可知,没有固定的工作场所是Chip Bag Project这个项目面临的最大难题。故选C。
26. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,Oleita在寒冷的天气来临前，在网上发帖征集薯片包装袋，将收集到的袋子制作成睡袋分发给流浪者，并成立了Chip Bag Project这一公益项目。由此可知,她是一个富有同情心的人。且文章最后提到，Oleita这位26岁的年轻人正在努力将Chip Bag Project这个项目发展成为一个创造绿色就业机会、帮助弱势社区成员找到资源并继续提高人们的环保意识的组织，由此可推知，她是一个有着远大抱负的人。故选B。
27. C 推理判断题。根据文章对Oleita创立的Chip Bag Project的介绍可知，这一项目是通过收集薯片包装袋为流浪人群提供帮助。一方面帮助了无家可归的人群，另一方面也保护了环境，可以说这是一个“一石二鸟”的项目。故选C。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国不同时代的人对草坪的看法。
28. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over a century,from around the 1870s to the 1970s,Americans slowly fell in love with lawns. Lawns were a sign of taste,calm,power and order,especially after World War Ⅱ. Over the past 50years,we've slowly fallen out of love with lawns.They began to signal waste,disregard and disagreement.”可知,从19世纪70年代到20世纪70年代，美国人慢慢爱上了草坪。那时草坪是品味、冷静、权力和秩序的象征，尤其是在第二次世界大战之后。然而在过去的50年里，美国人又逐渐开始不喜欢草坪。草坪成了浪费、漠视和分歧的标志。由此可推断出，美国人对草坪的态度是不断变化的。故选B。
·英语参考答案(第1页,共8页) ·

29. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The biggest irrigated(灌溉的)crop,by area,in the United States?Not corn or soybeans or potatoes,but lawns.”可知，按面积计算，美国最大的灌溉作物不是玉米和大豆，也不是土豆，而是草坪。故选D。
30. D 主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，美国的草坪面积之大以至于超过了整个乔治亚州的面积。一方面每天用于草坪灌溉的水量就高达90亿加仑，而另一方面美国西南部正在遭受严重的干旱。由此可知，第四段主要介绍了草坪消耗了过多的水资源。故选D。
31. A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“…might direct you to a performance of an anti-lawn song by a 27-year-old Nashville musician named Mel Bryant”以及“At any point in time you’d hear lawn grass cutting machines going. And it drove me crazy.”可知,Mel Bryant在他的歌曲里表达的内容是反对种植草坪。故选A。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇科普说明文。长期以来，科学家们一直想知道啄木鸟为何能够反复用力敲击树干却不损伤它们的大脑。过去，有科学家认为啄木鸟的头骨起到了缓冲作用。比利时安特卫普大学的研究人员Van Wassenbergh通过分析啄木鸟高速啄树的视频发现，啄木鸟的大脑不受伤害其实是因为其微小的尺寸和重量。一种体型较小的动物可以承受更高的加速度，这是一条生物力学定律。
32. A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the past,scientists have suggested the bird's brain is protected from the impacts,perhaps by a skull(头骨)that acts as a cushion(缓冲物).”可知,过去科学家们认为是啄木鸟的头骨起了缓冲作用，保护其脑部免受撞击的伤害。故选A。
33. C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The videos also showed that woodpeckers’beaks often get stuck in the wood. But they break free almost instantly,thanks to a clever beak design that provides independent motion of the upper and


lower beak.”可知,视频显示,啄木鸟的喙经常卡在木材中，但它们几乎立刻就能挣脱，这要归功于一种巧妙的喙设计，使上下喙能独立活动。故选C。
34. B 词义猜测题。结合第六段中画线词的上下文“That means the organ repeatedly experiences impacts that would cause an injury in a human brain. Yet the woodpecker brain is unscathed,even after thousands of impacts in a single day.”可知，重复的撞击会造成人的脑部受到损伤，然而啄木鸟每天都要经历上千次的撞击，大脑却没有受到伤害。由此可推知,unharmed与unscathed 意思相近，表示“未受损伤的”。故选B。
35. D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了啄木鸟反复用力敲击树干却不损伤大脑是因为其大脑微小的尺寸和重量能够承受冲击。故选D。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何设计一个疗愈花园。
36. E 文章首句指出，有研究表明疗愈花园可以为我们的身心健康带来自然的积极影响。且下文中的小标题是针对如何设计疗愈花园所提出的建议，因此E选项(下面是一些关于如何在家里设计一个疗愈花园的构想)符合语境。故选E。
37. C 本段的主题是“从设计人造景观开始。”，且空后提到要确保花园小径足够宽阔，路面结实且平坦，C选项(如果你需要考虑使用轮椅)与空后的句子“确保小径足够宽阔”衔接顺畅，符合语境。故选C。
38. A 设空处为本段的主题句。根据本段的关键词“water”,“wind chime(风铃)”,“LED lighting”可知，A选项(将水，声音和灯光包括在其中)可以归纳为本段的主题，符合语境。故选A。
39. G 本段主题为“吸引野生动植物。”空前的句子指出要创造一个栖息地，从而鼓励野生动物到花园来获取其治愈力量。空后的句子提到了野生动物最喜欢吃的植物。由此可知，G选项(提供鸟舍，喂鸟器和植物吃食来吸引鸟类和昆虫)承
英语参考答案(第2页，共8页) .

上启下，符合语境。故选G。
40. F 本段主题为“提供座位区域。”。空前提到，花园中要设计可以坐下观赏自然美景的地方，空后的句子提到，或者选择一把舒适的椅子或者一个吊床。F选项(一个简单的长凳，或者便于移动的轻便椅子就足够了)衔接上下文，符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了一对父女正在餐厅就餐，女孩儿看到餐厅外有一个流浪汉，她主动把自己的食物送给流浪汉。父亲透过餐厅窗户目睹了一切，为女儿的举动感到骄傲。女孩儿从中也学到了一个宝贵的道理：每个人的小小善举都会给别人带来快乐，给世界带来积极的影响。
41. A 考查形容词。根据46空后的“the homeless man sitting on a bench right outside the restaurant”可知,Ella看到餐厅外有一个无家可归的(homeless)人。tired(疲倦的),patient (有耐心的),courageous(勇敢的)均不符合语境。故选A。
42. B 考查副词。根据上文可知，Ella看到餐厅外有一个无家可归的人，就轻轻地(softly)问她的父亲是否可以把自己的食物给流浪汉。constantly(不断地),deliberately(故意地),unwillingly(不情愿地)均不符合语境。故选B。
43. C考查动词短语。根据空后的“her father nodded”可知,Ella的父亲答应了她的请求,说到“当然。去吧(Go ahead)”。故选C。
44. D 考查名词。结合语境可知,Ella很主动地,带着满满一盘食物和一把叉子迅速从桌子上站了起来,走到了餐厅(restaurant)外面。restaurant 与上文相呼应。故选D。
45. B 考查动词。根据“From the view of the restaurant window”可知,父亲是透过餐厅的窗户望去，因此，父亲的目光追随着(followed)Ella的脚步。故选B。
46. C考查动词。根据语境和逻辑可推断，随后Ella拿着满盘的食物和一把叉子靠近了


(approached)坐在餐厅外长椅上的流浪汉。故选C。
47. A 考查动词。根据空前的happily可知,这个流浪汉很高兴地接受了(accepted)这些食物。故选A。
48. D 考查动词。根据下文父亲重复说的话“‘That's my girl.’ ”可知,Ella的父亲无法抑制(contain) 自己内心的骄傲。limit(限制),delay(推迟),expect(期望)均不符合语境。故选D。
49. B 考查名词。结合上文可知，Ella想把食物送给流浪汉，而当自己真正做到，且流浪汉接受了她的食物后，Ella是充满喜悦(joy)地回到餐厅。故选B。
50. C 考查动词短语。根据语境可知，流浪汉吃完热腾腾的饭菜之前回头看了看Ella。eat up表示“吃完”,符合语境。set aside(留出),hold back (阻挡),cast away(扔掉,抛弃)均不符合语境。故选C。
51. A 考查动词。结合上文语境，以及下文的“she grins(咧嘴笑)”可知,Ella说到“我很喜欢(like)这样做”。故选A。
52. B 考查副词。根据上文的“Ella's father,unable to 48 his pride”和下文的“It is really a proud father 55 !”可知, Ella 的父亲为 Ella 的举动感到骄傲，因此，他自豪地(proudly)描述这件事。surprisingly(惊讶地),honestly(诚实地),disappointedly(失望地)均不符合语境。故选B。
53. C 考查名词。根据最后两段的描述可知，Ella 的父亲认为Ella从这件事中学到了一个宝贵的道理(lesson)。incident(事故),plan(计划),mistake(错误)均不符合语境。故选C。
54. D 考查动词。结合上文语境可知，Ella把食物送给了流浪汉。由此可知，Ella是通过回馈那些拥有(possess)较少财富的人，学到了一个宝贵的道理。purchase(购买),produce(生产),return(归还)均不符合语境。故选D。
55. B 考查名词。此句表示“这真的是一位父亲感
·英语参考答案(第3页,共8页) ·

到骄傲的时刻(moment)。” moment与上文“About the moment”相呼应。duty(责任),prediction(预言),schedule(工作计划)均不符合语境。故选B。
56. A 考查动词。根据语境可知，此句表示“正是像这样的行为显示了仅仅需要一个人就可以对世界产生积极的影响。”take此处表示“需要；要求”，符合语境。故选A。
57. D 考查名词。结合上文Ella帮助流浪汉的故事可知，一个简单的善举，无论大小，都能对某个人的一天产生重大影响(impact)。故选D。
58. C 考查名词。结合上文可知，善举永无止境(end)。answer(答案),solution(解决办法),contribution(贡献)均不符合语境。故选C。
59. A 考查名词。上文提到每个人都可以改变世界。由此可知，不管是对孩子，还是对其他任何年龄(age)的人来说，善举永无止境。故选A。
60. D 考查名词。结合上文可知，Ella慷慨地把食物分享给流浪汉，给他带来了食物和快乐。因此正如我们从Ella的无私(selflessness)行为中看到的那样，善举可以让某个人开心一整天。故选D。
第二节
61-70题评分标准：严格按照答案批改，有拼写错误或大小写错误均不给分。
参考答案：
61. recently 62. a 63. be seen 64. addition
65. which 66. transformed 67. making
68. has been 69. and 70. measures 答案解析：
【语篇导读】本文是一篇报道。文章主要介绍了铁路部门进一步优化提升公益性“慢火车”的服务质量，通过打造“学习车厢”等主题车厢的方式，满足沿途村镇学生的出行需求。
61. recently考查词性转换。recent是形容词,应用副词作时间状语，recently表示“最近”。故填recently。
62. a 考查冠词。根据语境可知,5609/5610次列


车运行于重庆和秀山县之间，是一列公益性的“慢火车”。表示泛指应用不定冠词。故填a。
63. be seen 考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知,slogans和see之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态；且空前为情态动词can，be动词应用原形。故填be seen。
64. addition 考查词性转换。In addition to意为“除此之外”。故填addition。
65. which 考查定语从句的引导词。此处为非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的No 5619/5620 and 5633/5634,指物,引导词应用which。故填which。
66. transformed 考查非谓语动词。a transformed “book bar”carriage意为“改装过的‘书吧’车厢”。carriage与transform之间是被动关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填transformed。
67. making 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，make与其逻辑主语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填making。
68. has been 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since 2015可知，句子应用现在完成时；且主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数。故填has been。
69. and 考查连词。句意为“自2015年以来,列车的餐车在夜间免费开放，为返校学生提供借阅图书馆、免费茶水等服务。”此处and并列连接a lending library,free tea和other services。故填and。
70. measures 考查名词的数。根据These可知,此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填measures。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
参考答案：
I have a good news to tell you. It is said which a that new fitness club will be open in our city. Now let me give you some informations about it. The club,lying information
on Hongqi Road,are near the bookstore we visited last
is
·英语参考答案(第4页,共8页) ·

month. It will be open in the morning of March 8,on and there are already many people saying we can't they wait to go there. Considered we have been so busy Considering
late,I think it's a wonderful chance for us to relax.lately
Just ^the saying goes,all work and no play makes as
Jack a dull boy. We should learnt to keep a balance learn
between study and life.
评分标准：
把答案写在错词上的不给分；
把缺词写在缺词符号上的不给分；
第十处以后的修改均不给分。
答案解析：
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了“我们”市里一家新开的健身俱乐部的相关情况。
第一处 第一句 删掉a
考查冠词。此处news是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词修饰。故删除a。
第二处 第二句 which→that
考查主语从句的引导词。It is said that…表示“据说……”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，一般不可省略。故将which改为that。
第三处第三句informations→information
考查名词。information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将informations改为information。
第四处 第四句 are→is
考查主谓一致。句子的主语是The club，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。故将are改为is。
第五处 第五句 in→on
考查介词。根据语境可知，表示在具体的某一天的上午,介词应用on。故将in改为on。
第六处 第五句 we→they
考查代词。此处指代many people,代词应用they。故将we改为they。
第七处第六句Considered→Considering


考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，consider与其逻辑主语Ⅰ之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故将Considered改为Considering。
第八处 第六句 late→lately
考查副词。late作形容词，表示“最近的”，此处作时间状语应用其副词形式lately，表示“最近”。late 也可作副词，表示“晚；迟”，不符合语境。故将late改为lately。
第九处 第七句 在Just后加as
考查连词。just as引导方式状语从句，表示“正如⋯⋯”。Just as the saying goes表示“正如谚语所说”。故在Just后加as。
第十处 第八句 learnt→learn
考查动词的时态。情态动词后应接动词原形。故将learnt改为learn。
第二节 书面表达
【参考范文】
A Reading Material Exchange Activity
Last weekend,an exchange activity was held in the school hall for us Chinese students and the international students. During the activity,we exchanged books and shared our thoughts and experiences with each other. We discussed the different cultures and customs of our countries,and shared our favorite books and stories. We also shared our knowledge of the English language and discussed ways to improve our language skills.
After the activity,we all felt a greater appreciation of different cultures and customs. We also gained insight into how to communicate with people from different backgrounds. Overall,it was a great experience and we all had a lot of fun.
(一) 评分原则
1.本题总分为25分，按五个档次给分。评分标准同高考标准。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调
·英语参考答案(第5页,共8页) ·

整档次，最后给分。
3.词数少于80和多余120的，从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容重点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写词汇和用法均可接受。
(二)评分标准
第五档(21—25分)：完全达成了试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的。
一覆盖全部内容重点。
一应用了许多的语法结构和词汇。
一语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为因使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。
一有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
第四档(16—20分)：完全达成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的。
一虽遗漏1、2个次重点，但覆盖全部主要内容。
一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
一语法结构或词汇方面应用基本正确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。
一应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。第三档(11—15分)：基本达成了试题规定的任务，整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
一虽遗漏一些内容，但覆盖全部主要内容。
一应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
—有些语法结构或者词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
一应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
第二档(6—10分)：未恰当完成试题规定的任务，信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
一遗漏或未描绘清楚一些主要内容，写了一些不相关内容。
一语法结构单一、词汇项目有限。
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
一较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺乏连贯性。


第一档(1—5分)：未达成试题规定的任务，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
一显然遗漏主要内容，写了一些不相关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。
一语法结构单一、词汇项目有限。
一许多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
一缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
不得分(0分)：未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，没法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容不相关或所写内容没法看清楚，逻辑混乱。
附听力原文
Text 1
W:Hi,Jack. I heard you've got an offer from your dream university. Congratulations!
M:Thank you. You know,it's in a beautiful location,and they offered me a full scholarship. But above all those,it has the major that I want.
Text 2
W:Where are you going this time,Steve?
M:I had been thinking about going to Italy or Germany. But now I've decided on Australia.
Text 3
M:Excuse me,does this bus go to the Metropolitan Museum?Or should I take a taxi?
W:Neither. It's just 3 minutes'walk from here. Go down the street and turn left at the first corner.Then you will see it.
Text 4
M:What was the noise?
W:Well,the wind blew the window open and broke the vase just now.
M:It was sunny in the morning,but look at the dark clouds now!Does the weather forecast say it's going to rain?
Text 5
W:Oh,no. I'm going to be late today. Excuse me,
英语参考答案(第6页，共8页) .

M:Excuse me,Miss. Are you ready to order now?


W:Yes. I'll have some salad,roast beef,and potato chips.
M:How do you want the beef?Rare,medium,or well-done?
W:Well-done. Go easy on the salt,please.
M:Sure. Anything to drink?Coffee,tea and beer.Which one would you like?
W:Beer is my favorite,but I still have a conference to attend,so I'd like to have a cup of coffee to refresh myself for the conference this afternoon.
M:OK. That will be $30,but you can order a set meal which includes a plate of beef and a drink.That way,you can save $5. And also,the tips are also included in the bill.
W:All right. I'll take a set meal.
Text 9
M:Good evening,Sophie Zelmani. Welcome to our TV show. It's an honor to have you with us.
W:Thank you,Ellen.
M:Your album Going Home has just sold one million copies. That's quite an achievement. Congratulations.And your previous album Precious Burden was also a great hit and entered Top 10 on the billboard.
W:Thank you. But I have to say I should owe the success to my band. They are really talented composers and players. Without them,I wouldn't have achieved so much.
M:You're so modest. Did they write all your songs?
W:No. I wrote the album I Will Be There myself. It was my first try,but it was not that well-received until my boss introduced me to my band. Then,you know,it's like…we just clicked. We had so much fun working together,looking for inspiration from nature and the city. Without any difficulty,we produced our two most popular albums—Going Home and Precious Burden.
M:Really wonderful. What's your plan for your future?
how long have you been waiting here?
M:Only a few minutes. The last subway train was just leaving when I arrived. You may have to wait 5 minutes for the next one.
Text 6
W:Welcome to our shopping center. What can I do for you?
M:I'd like to buy a pearl necklace for my wife for our 10th anniversary.
W:There is a jewel shop on the fifth floor.
M:Thank you,but how far is it from the elevator?
W:Not very far and not difficult to find. Just keep walking after you get out of the elevator,and after two blocks,you'll see a bookstore on your left.The jewel shop is between the bookstore and Pizza Hut.
M:Oh,thank you very much. I can also take some pizza home for my son there.
W:No problem. Enjoy your shopping!
Text 7
W:Is your phone out of order or is it lost?
M:What do you mean?
W:I had been trying calling you all night,but I wasn't able to get through.
M:Oh,I was on the phone to George last night.Sorry about that. I had planned to call you back but I forgot it.
W:Well,you might as well add call-waiting to your phone service if you're always on the phone.
M:Sounds good. How can I set that function on the phone?
W:Go to the after-sales service center to see if they can help.
M:OK!I've decided to get a new phone and I'm thinking about changing to better phone service.
Text8
英语参考答案(第7页，共8页)

W:Well,I'm considering travelling to Scotland recently with my parents. I really need to look for some new inspiration. Travelling around in a totally foreign environment will refresh myself much.
Text 10
W:Good morning,guys. Today,I'll introduce Andres Valencia,a great teenager artist to all of you.My presentation consists of three parts:Andres Valencia's family background,his education,and his artistic style.
Andres Valencia is widely considered one of the greatest young artists. He first picked up a paintbrush
when he was five and now sells his pieces for tens of thousands of dollars. His talent was spotted early by his father,Guadalupe,a 50-year-old lawyer,and his mother,Elsa,a 47-year-old psychologist and jewellery designer.
Although Andres's parents had some doubts about Andres choosing a career as an artist in the beginning,they are now encouraging his work. But the Valencias have refused to homeschool their son. They want him to go to school like a normal kid. So the boy paints after school and on weekends,and he also plays with his friends in school.
Finally comes the last part of my speech...