05 江苏盐城卷- 2023年中考英语摸底卷(原卷版+解析版）

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2023年中考英语摸底卷
05 江苏盐城卷
（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）

第I卷（选择题，共60分）
一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
1．—Jack, ________ does the film The Battle at Lake Changjin last?
—Oh, it’s over three hours.
A．how long B．how soon C．how often D．how far
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——杰克，电影《长津湖》要放多久？——噢，三个多小时。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久，答语为时间段；how soon多少时间之后，答语为时间点；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how far多远，对距离提问。根据“it’s over three hours”可知，是对时间段提问，应用how long。故选A。
2．—Could you please tell me ________?
—Last month.
A．how long Lucy has been away from Lianyungang B．how long Lucy stayed in Lianyungang
C．when Lucy will come back to Lianyungang D．when Lucy left Lianyungang
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我露西什么时候离开连云港的吗？——上个月。
考查宾语从句。根据“Last month.”可知，事情是过去发生的，时态为一般过去时，又因询问的是什么时候，为具体的时间，用连接副词when，故排除A和B，宾语从句用陈述语序，“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。故选D。
3．You may easily lose your way in the rain forest ________ you don’t have a map or a guide.
A．if B．unless C．though D．until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果你没有地图或向导，你可能很容易在雨林迷路。
考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though虽然；until直到。根据“You may easily lose your way in the rain forest...you don’t have a map or a guide.”可知，你容易在雨林中迷路如果没有地图或向导，后句为前句情况出现的条件，用if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。
4．To reduce pollution, laws were made to stop ________ fireworks in Lianyungang last winter.
A．turning off B．taking off C．letting off D．getting off
【答案】C
【解析】句意：为了减少污染，去年冬天连云港出台了禁止燃放烟花爆竹的法律。
考查动词短语。turning off关闭；taking off起飞；letting off放，燃放；getting off下车。根据“fireworks”可知，此处表示燃放烟花爆竹，故应用letting off。故选C。
5．Wang Yaping taught ________ a class from space on Mar 23, 2022. It is an amazing lesson.
A．we B．us C．our D．ours
【答案】B
【解析】句意：2022年3月23日，王亚平从太空给我们上了一堂课。这是一节令人大为惊奇的课。
考查代词。we我们（人称代词主格）；us我们（人称代词宾格）；our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；ours我们的（名词性物主代词）。teach sb a class“给某人上课”，空处需填一个代词，作间接宾语。us第一人称宾格，复数。故选B。
6．Russia is ________ European country. Can you give me ________ useful advice on visiting it?
A．a; an B．a; / C．an; a D．an; an
【答案】B
【解析】句意：俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。你能给我参观它的有用建议吗？
考查不定冠词的用法。根据“Russia is...European country. Can you give me...useful advice on visiting it?”可知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家，不定冠词a/an，指泛指，a用于首字母发音为辅音音素的单词前，European“欧洲的”，形容词，首字母发音为辅音，故排除C和D，不定冠词a/an修饰单数可数名词，advice“建议”，不可数名词。故选B。
7．According to the rules, you ________ drop the used masks in the yellow bin for harmful wastes.
A．need B．can C．may D．must
【答案】D
【解析】句意：根据规定，你必须把用过的口罩扔在放有害垃圾的黄色垃圾箱里。
考查情态动词辨析。need需要；can能；may可以；must必须。根据“According to the rules”可知此处应是必须这么做，故选D。
8．—I hear people can pay for almost everything by ZHI FU BAO in China.
—Actually, it’s ________ that people often go shopping without taking any paper money.
A．important B．impossible C．surprising D．tiring
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我听说人们在中国几乎可以用支付宝支付一切东西。——确实是这样，人们经常不带钱就出门，这令人吃惊。
考查形容词辨析。important重要的；impossible不可能的；surprising令人吃惊的；tiring令人困倦的。根据“...it’s...that people often go shopping without taking any paper money.”可知，不带钱出门是令人吃惊的，surprising“令人吃惊的”，形容词，作表语。故选C。
9．—I’m thirsty. I’d like a glass of juice. What about you, Mike?
—I prefer a cup of coffee ________ some milk in it.
A．to B．for C．without D．with
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我渴了，我想要一杯果汁。你呢，迈克？——我喜欢一杯加牛奶的咖啡。
考查介词辨析。to朝，向；for为了；without没有；with有。根据“I prefer a cup of coffee ... some milk in it.”可知想要里面含有牛奶的咖啡，用with。故选D。
10．It was a bit doubtful at first, but it ________ to be a really good idea.
A．turned up B．turned down C．turned out D．turned off
【答案】C
【解析】句意：一开始我有点怀疑，但后来发现这真是个好主意。
考查动词短语。turned up调大（音量）；turned down关小（音量）；turned out（以某种方式）发生；最后是，结果是；turned off关掉。根据“but it ... to be a really good idea”可知此处表示结果这是个好主意。故选C。
11．—The second Tiangong Class is over. Now can you tell me ________ ?
—Well. I enjoy the “ice and snow” experiment done by Wang Yaping.
A．which is your choice B．where the ground classrooms are
C．which experiment you like D．which experiment was done first
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——第二届天宫班结束了。现在你能告诉我你喜欢哪个实验吗？——好。我很喜欢王亚平做的“冰和雪”的实验。
考查宾语从句。which is your choice 哪个是你的选择；where the ground classrooms are地面教室在哪里；which experiment you like你喜欢哪个实验；which experiment was done first先做的哪个实验。此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，根据“I enjoy the ‘ice and snow’ experiment”可知，询问对方喜欢的实验是哪个，故选C。
12．Yuan Longping was a famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice ________ has increased a lot.
A．population B．contribution C．production D．introduction
【答案】C
【解析】句意：袁隆平是一位著名的科学家。由于他的成就，水稻产量增加了很多。
考查名词辨析。population人口；contribution贡献；production产量；introduction介绍。根据“rice… has increased a lot”可知，此处指水稻产量增加了很多，故选C。
13．—A lot of money ________ for the old man’s operation online.
—Yes, but the medicine cost ________ a lot, so we still need to get more for him.
A．raised; rose B．was raised; has risen C．raised; has risen D．was raised; rose
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——网上为老人的手术筹集了很多钱。——是的，但是药费涨了很多，所以我们还需要再给他筹集一些。
考查时态和语态。“A lot of money”与动词raise之间是动宾关系，第一空用被动语态；再由“so we still need to get more for him”可知过去医药费上涨对现在造成了影响“需要再筹集一些钱”，第二空用现在完成时。故选B。
14．I still keep taking exercise every day ________ I am busy with so many subjects.
A．until B．if C．because D．although
【答案】D
【解析】句意：尽管我忙于许多科目，但我仍然每天都在锻炼。
考查让步状语从句。until直到；if如果；because因为；although尽管。根据“I still keep taking exercise every day”和“I am busy with so many subjects”可知，空格前后为转折关系，空格处应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
15．The talk on action films ________ because of the bad weather. Shall we watch TV at home instead?
A．is cancelling B．has cancelled C．are cancelled D．was cancelled
【答案】D
【解析】句意：由于不好的天气的影响，关于动作片的讨论被取消了。我们在家一起看电视如何？
考查被动语态。cancel取消。根据“The talk on action films...because of the bad weather.”可知，由于天气原因，讨论“被取消”了。被动语态结构为“be done”，排除AB；主语是“the talk”译为“讨论”，为不可数名词，后面谓语动词用单数，故选D。

二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
The day before my daughter Norah’s fourth birthday, I picked her up from preschool. On the way, she said, “I like old people best because they walk slowly like I walk slowly and they have soft skin like I have soft skin.” What she said marked a ____16____ beginning.
The following day, her birthday, again on the way home, she asked ____17____ we could stop at the store to buy cakes for her. How could I say ____18____ to a birthday girl? After paying for the bill, I noticed that Norah was standing up in the cart, ____19____ announcing, “Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today!” However, the old man in front of her didn’t show he was ____20____ by my talkative child. He ____21____ with a smile, “Well, little lady! And how old are you today?” After a few minutes’ chat, Norah offered to take a photo with the old man called Mr. Dan, his expression changed from surprised to delighted. We exchanged our phone numbers. There was magic happening in the store that day, and we could ____22____ feel it.
During our first visit in Mr. Dan’s home, we walked with him to his front door. He pulled out a knife and ____23____ the only blooming red rose. He spent ten minutes cutting every thorn（刺）____24____ the stem（茎）before handing it to his new friend. Norah keeps that rose, now ____25____ as a bone, under her pillow for a long time.
Norah asks about Mr. Dan every day. She worries about him. She wonders if he’s ____26____, or cold. She wants him to be OK. She wants him to feel loved. Mr. Dan thinks about Norah too. After ____27____ recent visit, he said that he had ____28____ had a whole night’s sleep since his wife died. “Norah has healed me since meeting her.” he said. That left me ____29____ and my eyes wet with tears. Somehow, their hearts and souls seem to recognize each other from long ago. Sometimes talking to strangers can ____30____ beautiful new beginnings.
16．A．broken B．beautiful C．boring D．busy
17．A．what B．that C．if D．when
18．A．hello B．no C．yes D．thanks
19．A．excitedly B．sadly C．luckily D．carefully
20．A．treated B．trained C．trapped D．troubled
21．A．realized B．replied C．repeated D．recorded
22．A．neither B．both C．all D．none
23．A．let B．get C．put D．cut
24．A．off B．down C．into D．up
25．A．wet B．white C．dry D．red
26．A．surprised B．excited C．lonely D．silly
27．A．the other B．another C．other D．others
28．A．never B．always C．often D．usually
29．A．useless B．meaningless C．careless D．speechless
30．A．belong to B．lead to C．thanks to D．speak to

【短文大意】
本文讲述了有时候和陌生人的谈话会导致一个美好的开始。偶然的一次谈话，作者四岁的女儿就和一个老人成为了好朋友，还深深地影响了那个老人的生活。
【答案解析】
16．句意：她说的话标志着一个美好的开始。
broken打破的；beautiful美丽的；boring无聊的；busy忙碌的。根据下文“Sometimes talking to strangers can ...beautiful new beginnings.”可知，这篇短文首尾呼应，因此这里是一个美好的开始，故选B。
17．句意：第二天是她的生日，在回家的路上，她问我们是否可以在商店停一下来给她买蛋糕。
what 什么；that引导宾语从句时，没有意义，在从句中也不做成分；if 是否；when什么时候。根据asked可知，是问“是否可以在商店停一下来给她买蛋糕”，用if引导宾语从句，故选C。
18．句意：我怎么能对一个过生日的女孩说不呢？
hello 你好；no不，没有；yes是的；thanks谢谢。根据下文“After paying for the bill”可知，作者答应了给女儿买蛋糕，所以是怎么能说“不”呢，故选B。
19．句意：在付了钱之后，我注意到Norah站在车里，兴奋的宣布：“嗨，老人，今天是我的生日。”
excitedly 兴奋地；sadly伤心地；luckily幸运地；carefully仔细地，认真地。根据Norah所说的话“Hi, old person! It’s my birthday today!”可知，今天是她的生日，所以她非常的开心，故选A。
20．句意：然而她前面的那个老人并没有表现出被我这个多嘴的孩子弄得心烦意乱。
treated 对待；trained训练；trapped被困；troubled使忧虑。根据下文“He... with a smile”可知，这个老人很友好，他并没有被孩子弄得心烦意乱，故选D。
21．句意：他带着微笑回答说：“亲爱的小姐，你今天几岁了？”
realized 意识到；replied 回答，回应；repeated重复；recorded记录。上文讲到作者的女儿对前面的老人说“今天是我的生日”，所以推断这里是老人的回答，故选B。
22．句意：那天在商店里发生了神奇的事情，我们都感觉到了。
neither 两者都不；both 两者都；all三者以上都；none一个也没有。根据“After a few minutes’ chat, Norah offered to take a photo with the old man called Mr. Dan, his expression changed from surprised to delighted. We exchanged our phone numbers. ”可知，这次跟老人的对话让作者的女儿和老人成为了熟人，而且还对这个老人有很大的影响，这就是这个神奇的事情，作者、她的女儿以及这个老人都能感受到。故选C。
23．句意：他拿了一把小刀，把唯一一个开花的红玫瑰剪了下来。
let 让；get得到；put放； cut切割。根据前面“He pulled out a knife”可知，老人是拿刀把玫瑰花剪了下来，故选D。
24．句意：他花了十分钟把每根刺从茎上剪下来，然后把它递给他的新朋友。
off 离开，脱落；down向下；into 进入；up向上。根据“cutting every thorn（刺）... the stem（茎）”可知，这里说的是老人把茎上的刺去掉，cut…off“剪下”，是固定短语，故选A。
25．句意：Norah把那朵玫瑰保存在她的枕头下面很长时间，现在干得就像骨头一样。
wet 湿的；white 白色的；dry干的；red红色的。根据“Norah keeps that rose …under her pillow for a long time.”可知，这朵花Norah保存了很长时间，所以花都干了，故选C。
26．句意：她想知道他是否孤独或者寒冷。
surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的；lonely孤独的；silly愚蠢的。这句话说的是Norah担心老人的感受，空后有一个形容词cold，这里填的词应跟它是表达相同的情感，故选C。
27．句意：在最近的又一次拜访之后，他说自从他的妻子去世之后，他从来没有睡过一整晚的觉。
the other两者中的另一个；another不定数目中的另一个；other其他的；others其他人或物。根据上文“During our first visit in Mr. Dan’s home,”可知，上面介绍了去Dan先生家的第一次拜访，这里说的是另外一次，故选B。
28．句意：在最近的又一次拜访之后，他说自从他的妻子去世之后，他从来没有睡过一整晚的觉。
never 从不；always总是；often经常；usually通常。根据文意“...since his wife died. “Norah has healed me since meeting her”可知，Dan先生的妻子去世了，后面又提到Norah治愈了Dan先生，由此我们可以推测到，自从他的妻子去世以来，他都没有睡过整晚的觉，故选A。
29．句意：那让我说不出话来，泪水湿润了我的双眼。
useless 没用的；meaningless没意义的；careless粗心的；speechless无语的，无话可说的。根据“my eyes wet with tears.”可知，作者很受感动，她没有想到自己的女儿会对Dan先生有这么大的影响，所以是说不出话来，故选D。
30．句意：有时候跟陌生人说话会导致美丽的新的开始。
belong to 属于；lead to导致；thanks to幸亏，由于；speak to和某人说话。结合作者和女儿以及老人之间的经历可知，此处指和陌生人说话会导致一个美丽的新开始，故选B。

三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中出最佳答案。
A
The term “social phobia（社交恐惧症）” seems to have taken on popularity these days. Young people in particular are describing themselves as having “social phobia”. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s hard for them to make new friends or socialize. But is this a “real” disorder（病症）?
In fact, this is just a reaction to certain social situations. US researcher Ty Tashiro wrote the book Awkward（笨拙）: The Science of Why We’re. Socially Awkward and Why That’s Awesome. He explains that some people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable.
For example, they might be afraid of breaking some kind of unspoken rule. Therefore, they start to act awkwardly because they don’t want this to happen. This might make them unwilling to socialize. They prefer to stay in instead of going out to meet new people. But this doesn’t mean they have social phobia.
“Real” social phobia—also known as social worry—is much more serious. People with social worry want to go out and interact with people but are so terrified of doing it that they cannot leave their homes. Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal（正常地）way. People with social phobia disorder can even experience panic attacks（惊恐发作）.
Luckily, social worry can be treated. Some people use self-help books to help them gain more control over their minds. Therapy can also help.
31．What does Paragraph 1 say about some young people?
A．They often go out alone.
B．They find it hard to socialize in different situations.
C．They develop new social skills to make themselves go out.
D．They don’t like to make new friends.
32．What causes people to have social worry?
A．They have a disorder in their brains. B．They aren’t interested in social interaction.
C．They are experiencing illnesses. D．They don’t trust anyone except families.
33．What does the story try to explain?
A．How to improve our social skills. B．Why people often feel worried.
C．What real social phobia is like. D．How social phobia influences everyone.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲真正的“社交恐惧症”是什么样子的。
【答案解析】
31．细节理解题。根据“They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s hard for them to make new friends or socialize.”可知第一段说年轻人不喜欢外出，并说交朋友或社交很困难，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal（正常地）way. People with social phobia disorder can even experience panic attacks（惊恐发作）.”可知此处提到有社交恐惧的人大脑不允许他们正常地去社交。故选A。
33．主旨大意题。根据“But is this a ‘real’ disorder（病症）?”可知本文主要解释什么是真正地社交恐惧症。故选C。

B
Thousands of years ago, Chinese poet Qu Yuan wrote the poem Tianwen, meaning Quest for Heavenly Truth. He came up with a series of questions about the sky, stars, nature and the world around us. The poem showed his spirit of finding the truth.
Inspired (激励) by the great poet, China named its latest series of planetary exploration missions (行星探测任务) after the poem in 2020. The first one in the series—a Mars exploration mission—has been named Tianwen 1, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) said on April 24, 2020, China’s Space Day. This shows China’s wish to explore the universe (宇宙) .
China has made great progress in space exploration. In 1970, China sent its first man-made Earth satellite (卫星), becoming the fifth country in the world to send a man-made satellite independently. Since 2003, China has carried out six Shenzhou manned missions. China’s moon exploration missions—the Chang’e series—started in 2007. In December 2018, China became the first country to send the probe (探测器) Chang’e 4 to the moon’s far side.
The Tianwen series will follow the Shenzhou and Chang’e series and move further into space. The first step is to send a Mars probe, which means the start of China’s exploration of the red planet. The probe is planned to circle around, land on and explore Mars in one mission. It is the first to finish all of these tasks in one mission. The Long March 5 rocket has sent the probe to Mars.
After this mission, China plans to visit Mars again in 2028, aiming to collect soil from the ground of the planet and bring it to Earth. Around 2030, China will explore Jupiter and several small planets.
34．Why is the first Mars exploration mission named Tianwen 1?
A．It explains the spirit of Chinese people.
B．It shows the wish of exploring the universe.
C．It has many questions about the sky, stars and the world.
D．It expresses the great poet Qu Yuan’s feelings.
35．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?
A．How China explored the moon. B．How China explored the Mars.
C．How many missions China has completed. D．The development of China’s exploration in space.
36．What does “The red planet” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Moon. B．Mars. C．Jupiter. D．Small planets.
37．Which can be the best title of the passage?
A．China Started to Explore Mars.
B．The History of Chinese Planetary Exploration Missions.
C．Tianwen and China’s Exploration Missions in Space.
D．China’s future plans for exploration.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“天问”系列卫星即将发射，这是继“神舟”、“嫦娥”系列卫星发射后又一系列航天探索卫星，标志着中国开始向更远的太空迈进。
【答案解析】
34．细节理解题。根据“...has been named Tianwen 1, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) said on April 24, 2020, China’s Space Day. This shows China’s wish to explore the universe(宇宙) .”可知，命名“天问一号”表明了中国探索宇宙的愿望。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据“China has made great progress in space exploration...”可知，第三段整段都在介绍中国在太空探索方面取得了哪些巨大进展。故选D。
36．词句猜测题。根据“The first step is to send a Mars probe, which means the start of China’s exploration of the red planet.”可知，先要发射火星探测器开始探索这颗红色星球，“the red planet”指代的是“Mars”。故选B。
37．标题归纳题。根据文章通篇介绍了卫星“天问”和中国在太空方面的探索。故选C。

C
When my oldest son was in high school, he planned to attend a concert with his young friends. To my surprise, Aron invited me to go along. I quickly accepted. However, by the time the date of the concert arrived, my youngest son had been ill, and I was worried about him. My husband encouraged me to attend the concert, promising he would look after our youngest son. Finally, it hit me. Aron was 16 years old. How many years would I have to do something fun with him before he went to college? And how many youths invite their mothers to attend a concert with them that was clearly for teens? The decision was made. I’d not miss this chance.
At the concert, I sat with Aron in the third row, stuffing (填满) cotton in my ears to block out the loud music of the first performer. I stood when the kids stood, clapped (鼓掌) when they clapped, and never let anyone know how nervous I was to feel the floor shaking under my feet. Aron and his friends were amazed at my enthusiasm (热情).
When we left the concert, my ears were ringing, but it quickly passed. So did my son’s teenage years. Soon he was in college and away from home. I missed him more than I could say. On days when I was especially lonely for his happy smile, I would think back to the concert we attended and thank myself again that I didn’t miss a chance to spend time with my son.
Aron is now grown and has a family of his own, but we are still very close. Some days he calls just to chat and tell me about his day. I drop everything and enjoy the moment, knowing these times shall pass.
38．Why did Aron’s mother decide to attend a concert with Aron?
A．Because she showed great interest in a concert with loud music.
B．Because Aron’s father promised her to look after the sick 16-year-old child.
C．Because she valued the chance to spend time with her son.
D．Because it was not polite to refuse Aron’s rare invitation.
39．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Aron’s mother loved Aron more than her youngest son.
B．Aron’s mother really enjoyed every minute of the concert.
C．Though Aron was very shy, his mother was still proud of him.
D．It was the loud music that led to the shaking of the floor during the concert.
40．What can we learn from the passage?
A．It’s necessary for parents to spend time with their children all the time.
B．Aron’s mother sometimes regretted attending the concert when thinking back.
C．Aron felt lonely from time to time after he attended college far from home.
D．Aron still has a close relationship with his mother even after he becomes an adult.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲了作者受大儿子的邀请去参加音乐会的事情。
【答案解析】
38．细节理解题。根据“Aron was 16 years old. How many years would I have to do something fun with him before he went to college? And how many youths invite their mothers to attend a concert with them that was clearly for teens? The decision was made. I’d not miss this chance.”可知Aron的妈妈决定和他一起参加音乐会是因为她珍惜与儿子共度时光的机会。故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据“At the concert, I sat with Aron in the third row, stuffing cotton in my ears to block out the loud music of the first performer. I stood when the kids stood, clapped when they clapped, and never let anyone know how nervous I was to feel the floor shaking under my feet.”可知音乐的声音太大了，作者耳朵里塞了棉花，因为音乐声带来的地板晃动而紧张。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“Aron is now grown and has a family of his own, but we are still very close. Some days he calls just to chat and tell me about his day.”可知即使成年后，Aron仍然和他的母亲保持着亲密的关系。故选D。

D

41．The experiment shows ________.
A．how to hold our breath for a longer time B．how to move more air
C．the theory of vacuums D．how our lungs work
42．What do we need to make a bag of wind?
A．Tape, a clothes hanger and a small plastic bag.
B．Tape, a clothes hanger and a large plastic bag.
C．Tape, a helper and a large plastic dry cleaner’s bag.
D．Tape, a clothes hanger and large plastic dry cleaner’s bag.
43．To blow more air into the wind bag, we need to ________.
A．blow closely to the hole B．blow 25 cm away from the hole
C．blow 25 seconds into the hold D．blow with one long breath
44．More air went into the wind bag the second time because ________.
A．air went into the bag by itself while no air was in it
B．the people who blow held a longer breath
C．surrounding air was pulled in the bag while blowing
D．air inside the bag was blown out of the bag
45．Who can blow more air into the bag?
A．(10 cm) B．(15 cm)
C．(20 cm) D．(25 cm)

【短文大意】
本文是一个科学小实验的操作说明，演示如何通过吹气使得更多空气流动。
【答案解析】
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“You can move more air than you might think just by blowing with your lungs.”和全文内容可知，本文通过一个科学实验演示如何通过吹气使得更多空气流动。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据小标题“You will need”下面的三点“Helper、Tape、Large plastic dry cleaner’s bag”可知，我们需要一个助手、胶带和一个大的塑料干洗袋来制造一袋风。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据第三步里的最后一句“Ask helper to hold bottom of bag again, and blow air into the small hole while keeping mouth about 25cm from the hole”可知，嘴与小孔保特25厘米的距离吹气。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That pulled in a lot of surrounding air with it, filling up the bag.”可知，第二次有更多的空气进入风袋，因为在吹风时周围的空气被吸入风袋。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据第三步里的最后一句“Ask helper to hold bottom of bag again, and blow air into the small hole while keeping mouth about 25cm from the hole”可知，嘴与小孔保特25厘米的距离吹气，故选D。

第II卷（非选择题，共60分）
四、任务型阅读（共15小题，计20分）
（一）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息每空一词。（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）
Wonder why the New Year money always disappears so quickly? Well, this may be because you don’t plan to spend it carefully. Plan a budget (预算) and you will find you can stop your money from disappearing.
A budget is a plan to control where your money goes. Careful budget can help you save for the things you want, but can’t pay for right now.
Sounds useful? Look at the following before you start your budget:
1. Every week there are things we have to pay for, like school lunches and buses. There are also things we would like to spend money on — just for fun! All of these are weekly expenses (开销).
2. Since we can’t have money for everything, we have to make choices. We need to ask if we really need something or just want it. Needs are what you must have in order to live, like food and water. Wants are things you would like to have or do, but that you could live without, such as CDs and cartoons.
3. List what you must spend on needs — and if there is money left over, what you will save for the things you really want. This is called a budget.
4. If you don’t have enough money for what you need and want, you may have to give up one for the other.
Any budget will change. Keep an eye on yours. Maybe you wanted a cartoon book but now you want an MP3 instead. Your needs may change into wants, or your wants may change into needs.
Control your spending
Background introduction
If your New Year money ____46____ out too quickly, this may be because you don’t have a ____47____ budget.
What is a budget
A budget is a plan to place your money under ____48____.
____49____ to plan a budget
Have a clear idea of your weekly expenses, paying special attention to the money for the things that aren’t ____50____.Know the ____51____ between your needs and your wants. List all your needs as ____52____ as your wants. Your wants will be cancelled if there’s not enough money ____53____.
Make a wise ____54____ between your needs and wants; you may have to give up your wants for your needs.
Advice
As no budget is ____55____, make timely changes between your needs and wants.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预算的定义，做预算的方法以及建议。
【答案解析】
46．根据第一段中“Wonder why the New Year money always disappears so quickly?”可知，空格处是指钱很快花完；run out 可表示“用完”，符合句意；空格所在的句子是if引导的条件状语从句，应用一般现在时，而主语“money”为单数第三人称，所以谓语动词要用三单形式。故填runs。
47．根据第一段中“Well, this may be because you don’t plan to spend it carefully.”可知，钱很快花完也许是因为没有仔细地去计划。根据空格前的“a”以及空格后的“budget”可知，此处应填形容词，修饰“budget”；careful表示“仔细的”，planned表示“经过计划的”，均符合句意。故填careful/planned.
48．根据第二段中“A budget is a plan to control where your money goes.”可知，做预算就是要控制钱的去向；under control表示“处于控制之下”，符合句意。故填control。
49．根据右侧表格中“Have a clear idea of your weekly expenses...your wants for your needs.”可知，这里主要是阐述了做预算的方法；how表示“如何”，way表示“方式，方法”，均符合句意；因提到多种方法，所以way要用复数。故填How/Ways。
50．根据第四段中“Every week there are things we have to pay for...just for fun!”可知，每周的花销会分配在必需品和非必需品上，因此空格处提到的应该是非必需品；“that”所引导的应是定语从句，修饰“the things”，因此空格处应与“aren’t”一起表示“不需要的”；形容词necessary表示“必需的”，可作“aren’t”的表语，动词过去分词needed，可与“aren’t”构成被动语态，两者均符合句意。故填necessary/needed。
51．根据第五段中“We need to ask if we really need something or just want it...such as CDs and cartoons.”可知，我们得学会区分“需要”和“想要”；根据空格处前的“the”可知，此处应填名词；difference有“差别，不同”之意，符合句意；此处填单数和复数均可。故填differences/difference。
52．根据第六段中“List what you must spend on needs — and if there is money left over, what you will save for the things you really want.”可知，应该列出自己需要的物品，如果有结余的话，也可以列出想要的物品；因此空格处所在的短语应是表达“和，以及”之意；as well as表示“以及，此外”，符合句意。故填well。
53．根据第六段中“...and if there is money left over, what you will save for the things you really want.”以及第七段中“If you don’t have enough money for what you need and want, you may have to give up one for the other.”可知，只有在资金有结余的情况下，才考虑购买非必需品，因此空格处应表示“结余的，剩余的”之意；left可作后置定语，表示“剩余的”。故填left。
54．根据第七段中“If you don’t have enough money for what you need and want, you may have to give up one for the other.”可知，在资金不充足的情况下，得在两者间做出抉择；根据空格前的“Make a wise...”可知，空格处应填名词，表达“选择，抉择”之意；choice表示“选择”，decision表示“决定”，均符合句意。故填choice/decision。
55．根据最后一段中“Any budget will change.”可知，预算并不是一成不变的，因此空格处应表达“一成不变的”之意；fixed，unchangeable，unchanged，changeless和unchanging意思相同，表示“固定的，不变的”。故填fixed/unchangeable/unchanged/changeless/unchanging。

（二） 阅读并回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）
Thailand durian (榴莲), Chile prunes (西梅) and Boston lobsters (龙虾) used to be strangers to Chinese people. But thanks to the World Trade Organization (WTO), those foods are now common on the dining tables of Chinese families.
This year is the 21st anniversary of China’s entry into the WTO. On Dec 11, 2001, China formally became the WTO’s 143rd member. The WTO is a global trade organization, which deals with rules of trade between nations. In the WTO, agreements are made on trade between countries. The goal is to help countries do business effectively and fairly.
Joining the WTO meant China needed to follow global trade rules while opening up its market to the world, said Long Yongtu, China’s former chief negotiator (首席谈判代表) for WTO entry.
For example, the WTO calls for cutting or even removing tariffs (关税) between countries. A tariff is a tax placed on impoted or exported goods as they go from one country to another. In addition, WTO entry means Chinese companies directly face global competition.
After joining the WTO, China has worked hard to be in line with global trade rules in all areas. To open its market, China’s tariff level was dropped to 7.4 percent from 15.3 percent in 2001. China has also revised (修改) more than 2,300 laws and rules, covering trade and investment (投资).
At the same time, China has become a major trade partner of more than 120 countries. It has contributed nearly 30 percent to the growth of the world’s economy every year.
“China’s entry into the WTO has created a win-win result for China and the world,” said Yi Xiaozhun, WTO’s former deputy director-general.
56．How are the foods mentioned in Paragraph 1 now common on the dining tables of Chinese families? _____
57．When did China formally join the WTO? _____
58．What is the WTO? _____
59．Why did Chinese government drop its tariff level from 15.3 percent to 7.4 percent in 2001? _____
60．What does Yi Xiaozhun think of China’s entry into the WTO? _____

【短文大意】
本文介绍了世界贸易组织，以及主要讲述了中国加入世界贸易组织后的各种变化，中国加入世界贸易组织，对中国和世界来说，是双赢。
【答案解析】
56．根据文中“But thanks to the World Trade Organization (WTO), those foods are now common on the dining tables of Chinese families.”可知，多亏了世界贸易组织，榴莲、西梅和龙虾这些以前对于中国人来说是陌生食物的东西，现在变得普遍了。故填Thanks to the WTO./By joining/entering the WTO./Through the WTO.
57．根据文中“On Dec 11, 2001, China formally became the WTO’s 143rd member.”可知，在2001年，十二月11号，中国正式加入世界贸易组织。故填On Dec 11, 2001.
58．根据文中“The WTO is a global trade organization, which deals with rules of trade between nations.”可知，世界贸易组织是一个全球性的贸易组织。故填It’s a global trade organization.
59．根据文中“To open its market, China’s tariff level was dropped to 7.4 percent from 15.3 percent in 2001.”可知，是为了打开市场。故填To open its market.
60．根据文中“‘China’s entry into the WTO has created a win-win result for China and the world,’ said Yi Xiaozhun, WTO’s former deputy director-general.”可知，Yi Xiaozhun认为这是双赢，回答言之有理即可。故填He thinks it is a win-win result for China and the world.

五、词汇（共20小题，每小题1分，计20分）
（一）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词，完成句子。
61．It’s said that Zhang Yimou is one of the ________ (导演) of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
【答案】directors
【解析】句意：据说张艺谋是2022年北京冬奥会的导演之一。根据汉语提示可知本题考查单词director“导演”，可数名词，由“one of”可知此处应填其复数形式，故填directors。
62．—Where is your daughter, Christopher?
—She is ________（躺）on the grass behind the house.
【答案】lying
【解析】句意：——你女儿在哪里，克里斯托弗？——她正躺在房子后面的草地上。“躺”lie。结合语境和“is”可知，此处表示正在发生的事情，故应用现在进行时，故空格处应填lying。故填lying。
63．One of the ________ (安全) ways to keep us away from danger is to stay at home during this year’s COVID-19 pandemic.
【答案】safest
【解析】句意：让我们远离危险的最安全方法之一就是在今年新冠肺炎大流行期间待在家里。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，空处需填一个形容词最高级，修饰复数名词ways，作定语，safe“安全的”，形容词。故填safest。
64．Many doctors and nurses are brave enough to head for Shanghai to fight against the disease, they are the ________ (骄傲) of the whole country.
【答案】pride
【解析】句意：许多医生和护士是足够勇敢的前往上海与疾病战斗，他们是整个国家的骄傲。此处应填名词，根据汉语提示可知本题考查单词pride“骄傲”，不可数名词，故填pride。
65．I think it’s ________ (必要) for us to wear a mask when we go out.
【答案】necessary
【解析】句意：我认为对于我们来说出门时戴口罩是必要的。宾语从句为it is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对于某人来说做某事是怎样的”，所以此处应填形容词，根据汉语提示可知，necessary“必要的”，形容词，符合语境，故填necessary。

（二）根据句意用所给单词的适当形式填
66．Now more and more students like to choose online courses and study on ________ (they) own.
【答案】their
【解析】句意：现在越来越多的学生喜欢选择在线课程和自学。“they”他们。根据“on”和“own”并结合语境可知，on one’s own“独自地，主动地”，故空格处应用一个形容词性物主代词。故填their。
67．Bats are ________ (active) mainly during daytime and they hunt when it’s completely dark.
【答案】inactive
【解析】句意：蝙蝠主要在白天不活动，它们在完全黑暗的时候狩猎。根据“Bats are...mainly during daytime and they hunt when it’s completely dark.”可知，蝙蝠夜间行动，白天应该是“不活跃的，不活动的”，“active”译为“活跃的，活动的”，前面加“in-”变成反义词，是形容词做表语。故填inactive。
68．The SHENZHOU-14 manned spacecraft was ________ (success) sent up into space on June 6, 2022.
【答案】successfully
【解析】句意：2022年6月6日，神州十四号载人飞船被成功发射入太空。“success”译为“成功”，是一个名词，这里需要副词修饰动词“sent”，“success”后面加“ful”变成形容词，“successful”译为“成功的”，后面加“ly”，变成副词。故填successfully。
69．Nowadays, large numbers of Chinese ________ (produce) have been sold to foreign countries.
【答案】products
【解析】句意：如今，有大量的中国产品已经卖到了国外。根据空处前的“Chinese”可知，此处应用名词product，题中“large numbers of 大量的”和“have”可知，应用名词复数products。故填products。
70．The disease ________ so quickly that it drew the government’s attention. (spread)
【答案】spread
【解析】句意：这种疾病传播得如此之快，引起了政府的注意。根据drew可知，此句是一般过去时，此空应填动词过去式，故填spread。

（三）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。

During the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months p___71___, Feng didn’t recommend anyone.
“I tried my best, but there are not unusual and perfect people at all,” Feng said.
“People are like objects. W___72___ we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should be unhappy with yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are no talented people in our time?” said the emperor.
Indeed, each object or tool has its own u___73___. A knife is made to cut things w___74___ chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like an object, each person has a s___75___ strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t e___76___ a person to be good at everything.
With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of d___77___ backgrounds. He o___78___ them important positions, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and create a “golden age”.
A good e___79___ is Ma Zhou, who grew up in a poor family. Ma gave a lot of useful advice, so Emperor Taizong offered him a position and promoted him many times. Ma helped the emperor d___80___ with difficult matters and became a well-known person in history.

【短文大意】
本文讲述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。
【答案解析】
71．句意：然而，几个月过去了，冯没有推荐任何人。根据首字母提示及“Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to recommend talented people. However, several months...Feng didn’t recommend anyone.”可知，此处指的是“几个月过去了”，pass“经过”，是动词，描述过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填(p)assed。
72．句意：我们要做的是充分利用他们的优势。分析句子可知，句子缺主语从句的引导词，结合首字母提示可知，此处用what，在从句中作宾语，故填(W)hat。
73．句意：事实上，每个物体或工具都有自己的用途。根据首字母提示及“A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”可知，每个物体或工具都有自己的用途，use“用处”，是名词，空前有its修饰，此处应用原形，故填(u)se。
74．句意：刀子是用来切东西的，而筷子是用来夹食物的。结合“A knife is made to cut things...chopsticks are made to pick up food.”及首字母提示可知，此处两句是对立关系，空处表示“然而”，应用while引导，故填(w)hile。
75．句意：就像一个物体一样，每个人都有特定的力量。根据首字母提示及“We can’t use a knife as a chopstick.”可知，每个人都有特殊之处，空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，故填(s)pecific。
76．句意：我们不能指望一个人事事都好。根据“Nobody is perfect.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“期望”，expect“期望”，是动词，空前有情态动词，此处动词用原形，故填(e)xpect。
77．句意：怀着这个想法，唐太宗发现了许多不同背景的人才。空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词形式，结合“many talented people of...backgrounds”可知，此处应用形容词different“不同的”，故填(d)ifferent。
78．句意：他为他们提供了重要的职位，这帮助他们充分发挥自己的才能。根据“...them important positions”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是offer“提供”，是动词，应用过去式，故填(o)ffered。
79．句意：马周就是一个很好的例子，他在一个贫穷的家庭长大。根据“is Ma Zhou, who grew up in a poor family.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是example“例子”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(e)xample。
80．句意：马帮助皇帝处理棘手的事情，成为历史上有名的人物。根据“Ma helped the emperor...with difficult matters”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是deal/do with“处理”，是固定短语，此处是结构help sb do sth，故填(d)eal/(d)o。

六、书面表达（共1题，计20分）
81．为落实国家教育部提出的对中小学加强劳动教育的实施意见，你们学校安排了丰富多彩的劳动教育活动。假如你是王涛，你向英国笔友Simon写信描述你校的活动。请你根据以下提示，完成信件，内容包括：
劳动重要性
锻炼身体，发展能力，不畏挫折……
具体活动
做家务、学会烹饪三道菜、志愿者活动……
你的感受
(至少两点)

注意：(1) 词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
(2) 短文应包括所给内容要点，可适当发挥，使文章连贯；
(3) 不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
相关词汇：劳动  labor
Dear Simon,I’m glad to hear from you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Tao
【参考范文】
Dear Simon,
I’m glad to hear from you.
I am happy to tell you that our school has organized a lot of activities to help us understand the importance of labor. Through labor we can exercise and develop our abilities. Besides we will not be afraid of difficulties. We can also learn to depend on ourselves.
I took part in these activities. For example, I learned to do housework and cook at least 3 dishes. What’s more, I worked as a volunteer. Last week I visited the Elderly House and brought the food I cooked.
I think it is not only meaningful but also necessary for us to receive labor education. Only in this way can we understand our parents better and value what we’ve got. I hope to take part in more activities like these.
【解析】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为书信作文；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中“你的感受(至少两点)”一项，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。开门见山提出学校组织了劳动教育活动及其重要性；
第二步，具体列举参加的活动；
第三步，书写结语，表达自己的感受。
[亮点词汇]
①a lot of许多
②be afraid of害怕
③depend on依赖
④work as担任
[高分句型]
①I am happy to tell you that our school has organized a lot of activities to help us understand the importance of labor. (that引导的宾语从句)
②Only in this way can we understand our parents better and value what we’ve got. (运用倒装句)