高考英语易错题精编 易错点01 名词 （解析版）

高考易错题的重要性

高考冲刺阶段，除了知识点的总结，进行模块化的复习和整理以外，对于易错的题型也是冲刺阶段必备的。复习板块之一。我们通常都说冲刺阶段一定要回归课本，对于基础的知识点以及知识的应用能力的提高是迫在眉睫的。那么易错体对于提升知识的应用能力以及巩固基础来说是非常重要的一个环节。

首先，冲刺阶段的易错题能够帮助我们快速的查缺补漏，总结经验教训，知识梳理，提高知识的应用能力。

其次，通过对错题分析，其中涉及到的知识点以及考点的分析与总结，它能够减少我们复习过程当中同类型的题或者是同一知识点的犯错频率。

第三，对于错题集的复习，最简单的方法就是盖住答案，然后重新来做一遍，从分析的角度条件的分析以及技巧的使用三个方面进行逐一的排除。

第四，在这些错题当中，并非所有的错题都是每个同学易错的，那么在第一遍的错题复习当中，我们就要进行排除，筛选出符合自己特点错题及其针对性也才更强。

如果自己已经完全掌握的，那么就当是对于知识点的再一次复习。这样的错题对于提升自己的能力来说也才是起到了最大的作用。

专题01    名词

易错题【01】名词与形容词的转换

易错题【02】名词与动词的转换

易错题【03】名词的单复数变化

            01   名词与形容词词的转换

（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）The   69   (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.                                            

【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是对同词根词的词性变换不熟悉。

【问诊】首先根据后面的名词，可以知道空格所填词应该是一个形容词词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。

【答案】 beautiful

【叮嘱】在名词前面一般用形容词修饰名词，要用括号中所给名词的正确形容词形式。

牢记名词后缀，

1．（2020年新课标全国卷Ⅲ，语法填空）Filled with _________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.

【答案】curiosity

2．（2020年山东卷，语法填空）Historical _______________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.

【答案】accuracy

            02   动词与名词转换

1.（2021年全国乙卷语法填空） Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.               

【警示】本题容易出错的主要原因是对词形变换中动词与名词的变化掌握不清。

【问诊】考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。

【答案】 development

【叮嘱】对于动词对应的名词要记清楚，后缀的考察需结合语境和词性要求，若同一动词对应多个名词，则需根据意义选择哪一个符合语境。

1.   （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Chinese New Year is a   61   (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 

【答案】celebration

2.   （2021年浙江卷语法填空） In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___38___ （marry）ceremony in 1842.

【答案】marriage

            03  名词的单复数变化

（2021年新高考全国1卷语法填空）What is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.

【错因】本题容易出错的主要原因是名词单复数变化掌握不牢，容易把human的复数写成humen。

【问诊】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。【答案】humans

【叮嘱】在确定用名词形式后，还要考虑该名词是单数还是复数，是否要用所有格。

1.（2021年全国甲卷短文改错） Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other.

【答案】  friend→friends

2．（2021年全国甲卷语法填空）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.

【答案】watchtowers

错

1．【2018·天津】On top of that, most of the 3­D food ________ (print) now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.

2. 【2021·全国乙卷】    (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.

3.【2020·全国卷Ⅰ】The far side of the moon is of particular ________ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side.

4．【2019·江苏】Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.

5．【2018·江苏】When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award­winning ________ (perform) in the theatre.

6.【2018·全国卷Ⅱ】This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

7.【2018·全国卷Ⅲ】My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.

8.【2020·浙江】Later, they learned to work with the ________ (season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making  use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.

9．【2019·浙江】Other American studies showed no ________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.

10.【2018·浙江】Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.

【答案】

1.printers 此处意为“大多数3－D食物打印机”；且printer为可数名词，故填printers。

2.Activities  根据后面谓语动词range的形式可知，主语应用复数形式，故填Activities。

3.interest 此处意为“月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣”，根据设空前的形容词particular可知，设空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb “(某物)使某人感兴趣”。

4.priority 句意：如今，旅游的重点从购物转向了食物和风景。根据句意可知，此处应用名词，priority“优先；优先权；重点”。

5.performance 根据设空前的“an award­winning”可知，此处需用名词，故填performance。

6.pollution This switch has decreased后面缺少宾语，应使用名词作宾语，故填pollution。

7.scientist 此处介绍“我”的身份是一位科学家。因此应填scientist。

8.seasons 句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。season为可数名词，应用复数形式。

9.connection/connections no用来修饰名词，此处用单复数形式均可。

10.dishes 名词dish前面没有冠词，故用复数形式表类别。