2023届高考英语二轮复习专题课件：倒装句

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习专题课件：倒装句，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了Contents，倒装概述和分类，半倒装结构，不用半倒装，全倒装结构，Compare，主系表，表系主，写作中的应用等内容，欢迎下载使用。

概念 一般来讲，英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前，谓语在后。如果把谓语放在主语之前，就叫倒装。
全部倒装（Cmplete Inversin）:全部谓语放在主语前部分倒装(Partial Inversin):把助动词或情态动词放在主语前不倒置主谓的倒装: 句中的某些成分提前(表语最常见)倒装的原因有两个: 一是语法结构需要， 二是为了强调的需要。
将主语和谓语动词完全颠倒过来，把谓语整体迁移到主语前面，称为全倒装；只将谓语的一部分（助动词/情态动词/系动词）提到主语之前，称为半倒装。正常语序：A yung lady sat by the windw with a bunch f flwers in her hand.全倒装：By the windw sat a yung lady with a bunch f flwers in her hand.正常语序：Yu will find hw much yu lve it nly when yu leave the schl.半倒装：Only when yu leave schl will yu find hw much yu lve it.
1. I like English.
2. Here cmes the bus!
3. Only in this way can yu learn English well
结构助动词D yu make wands?系动词Are yu a swrdsman?情态动词Can yu feel the lve tnight?助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语
Never shall I d this again.At n time can yu say “n” t the rder.Only in this way will yu learn English well.
例句：Little did I knw that yu were Rme. 原句：I knew little that yu were Rme.
结构1：句首否定词 + 一般疑问结构
含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldm, scarcely, barely, never, nt, few, little, neither, nr, nt nly, hardly…when, in n case, by n means, n sner…than, many a time, ften 等。 （部分倒装）1)Nt until the 19th century was the written examinatin prbably knwn.2)Nt nly was everything he had taken away frm, but als his German citizenship.3)Nt a single mistake did he made.4)Hardly had I reached the bus stp when the bus started.
Hardly anyne believe that tday.Nt nly yu but als she has been t Beijing.Neither the girls nr Jhn is t blame.
1. Nt nly is she a gd singer, but als she is a gd dancer.
2. Neither did he watch TV nr did he g t the cinema.
3. Nt until it is dark will we cme hme.
注意1：修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装
I have never seen such a perfrmance.
注意2： 如否定词不在句首不倒装，例如：
I seldm arrange hmewrk t students.Seldm d I arrange hmewrk t students.
She cares little abut appearance.Little des she care abut appearance.
Nick ruined my plan. I will never frgive him.Nick ruined my plan. Never _______________ him.I have seldm seen such a cunning guy like Nick.Seldm _______________ such a cunning guy like Nick.
will I frgive
have I seen
将下列倒装句还原成陈述句。Hardly culd peple believe their eyes. Never did Emmns expect it. In n time did he freeze. Nt until the last sht did he lse. Gne was the gld.S depressed was he that he came up t his wife.
将下列倒装句还原成陈述句。Peple culd hardly believe their eyes.Emmns never expected it.He frze in n time.He did nt lse until the last sht.The gld was gne.He was s depressed that he came up t his wife.
归纳： 1.否定副词:never/hardly/seldm/little/nt 2.否定意义的介词短语:in n case/by n means/in n way/n n accunt/under n cnditin/under n circumstances 3. 重要句型: nt until…+助/情/be/+主语 nt nly+助/情/be/+主语+but als N sner had +主语+dne than Hardly had +主语+dne when Scarcely had +主语+dne when…
否定词位于句首，句子部分倒装
1.Nt abut his safety.(他不关心自己的安全care)2.I prmised that in n case______________(我绝不会屈服) t any challenge. (give)3.we all admire his success, but little _________________(我们知道) abut the effrts he made. (knw)
wuld I give in
did he care
否定词放句首的三种考法：1.否定词直接放句首2.否定词位于从句的句首3.否定词位于由and, but, r引导的两并列句的后一句句首 即:A and B; A but B;　A, r B 这样的形式
I did nt knw the truth until I saw the pistachi nuts.Nt until I saw the pistachi nuts did I knw the truth.
特殊用法1：nt until 直到……才……【主倒从不倒】
nt主句半倒装（一般疑问结构）
特殊用法2：nt nly…but als【前倒后不倒】
but als后不倒装
My brther nt nly cheated me ut f my mney but als insulted my intelligence.Nt nly did my brther cheat me ut f my mney but als insulted my intelligence.
—I am shcked at the news that many publics were killed in the terrible traffic accident.—S am I. Little __________ the safety f the pr children.did the lcal gvernment care frthe lcal gvernment cared frdid the lcal gvernment care abutthe lcal gvernment cared abut
特殊用法3：“一……就……”句型的倒装
Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had + 主语 + dne when + 主 + 谓Hardly had he swrn t gd when it thundered.N sner had + 主语 + dne than 主 + 谓N sner had he swrn t gd than it thundered.
否定连词引起的部分倒装 nt nly ... but als , neither ... nr ..., nt until ... hardly ... when ..., scarcely ... when ..., n sner ... than ...,
练一练： 1 . N sner _________ She had time t sit and have a rest than the phne ________ again. A .had ; rang B . have ; rings C . had ; has rang D . having ; rings 2 . Hardly _______schl when _______ a envelp n the table. A . had I arrived ; I saw B . had I reached ; I see C . had I arrived at ; I saw D . have I arrived at ; I saw 3. Scarcely ____ ( have ) he seen me when he _____ ( run ) away. 4.I n sner __________ ( fall ) in lve than I _____ ( see ) that girl fr the first time.
had fallen
原句：He will agree t study nly in this way.第一步：nly前变疑问句Will he agree t study?第二步：Only + 状语提前Only in this way will he agree t study.
结构2：Only + 状语 + 一般疑问结构
Only + 状语，位于句首
Only in this way can yu wrk ut the prblem.
Only after my friend came _____. A did the cmputer repair B he repaired the cmputer C was the cmputer repaired D the cmputer was repaired
Only _____ answer this questin. A yu can B can yuC yu be able D d yu
Only then can yu wrk ut the prblem.
Only when he returned did we find ut the truth.
特殊用法1：nly后紧跟的主语是sb.，不用倒装
Only yu 能伴我取西经Only yu 能杀妖和除魔Only yu 能保护我叫螃蟹和蚌精无法吃我你最大的本领就是Only yu
eg. Only yu can d it!
Only when __________ in frnt f ur huse __________ Lily in the passenger seat.the car pulled up; did we seethe car pulled up; has we seedid the car pull up; did we seedid the car pull up; we have seen
原句：He was s nice that he received a lt f cards. He was such a nice guy that he received a lt f cards.第一步：s + 形副提句首/such形名提句首第二步：一般疑问结构 + that从句S nice was he that he received a lt f cards.Such a nice guy was he that he received a lt f cards.
结构3：S/Such短语 + 一般疑问结构
They asked me s many questins that I gt cnfused.S many questins He had such a fierce dg that we had t wait befre we culd get in.Such a fierce dg
did they ask me that I gt cnfused.
did he have that we had t wait befre we culd get in.
_______________________(男孩害怕的很frightened) that he did nt dare t mve an inch.
S frightened was the by
S +形容词或副词/Such+名词…置于句首+ 部分倒装+that+陈述语序。
s... that结构中s及其引导内容位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，从句不倒
Eg . He drve s carelessly that he almst killed himself.
Eg . S carelessly did he drive that he almst killed himself.
Eg . Yu speak s fast that I can nt fllw yu.
Eg . S fast d yu speak that I can nt fllw yu.
练一练： 1. S clever a by _________ ( be ) he that we all lve him. 2. S fat ______ ( be ) he that he can hardly walk. 3. S fast _________ ( d ) he run that he is far ahead f thers.
s many/few（如此多/少）+ 复数名词 + 一般疑问结构s much/little（如此多/少）+ 不可数名词 + 一般疑问结构We ate s much that we culdn’t mve fr the next hur.S much __________ that we culdn’t mve fr the next hur.
特殊用法1：s many/few结构、s much/little结构
__________ in Luisiana that they decided t pay hunters $5 a tail.S cncerned were scientistsS cncerned scientists wereSuch cncerned scientists wereSuch cncerned were scientists
结构4：as、thugh引导让步状语从句时的特殊倒装
①名词倒装（若变化前名词前面有冠词，不要冠词）
Eg .Thugh his sn is a child , he is able t stand n his wn feet.
Eg . Child thugh/as his sn is , he is able t stand n his wn feet.
方法：将可数名词单数提到as前面，并删去冠词
Eg . Thugh the strm was terrible , we cntinued ur way.
方法：将形容词提到as前面
Eg . Terrible thugh/as the strm was , we cntinued ur way.
Eg .Thugh the by tried hard , he culd nt make her mind changed.
方法：将副词提到as前面
Eg . Hard thugh/as the by tried , he culd nt make her mind changed.
④过去分词、现在分词倒装
Eg .Thugh he is ding his hmewrk , he can nt help want t play cmputer games.
Eg .Ding his hmewrk thugh/as he is, he can nt help want t play cmputer games.
方法：将分词及其后面的东西提到as前面
⑤动词原形倒装，若谓语中不含动词原型，则借助助动词d、did帮忙
Eg .Thugh the by might try , he culd nt slve the prblem .
Eg . Try thugh/as the by might , he culd nt slve the prblem .
方法：将动词原形词提到as前面
Eg .Thugh the by finished his hmewrk, he culd nt g ut t play.
Eg . Finish thugh/as the by did his hmewrk, he culd nt g ut t play.
Althugh he is a scientist, he wants t learn mre.Althugh he is yung, he knws a lt.Althugh I tried, I failed again.
Scientist as he is, he wants t learn mre.
Yung as he is, he knws a lt.
Try as I did, I failed again.
Althugh he wuld try, he might fail again.
Try as he wuld, he might fail again.
结构5：在含有had 、were、shuld的虚拟条件句，若省略if，则if从句使用部分倒装
If Mark had invited me, I wuld have been glad t cme. Had Mark invited me, I wuld have been glad t cme.
Eg . If I had left a little earlier ，I wuld have caught the train.（与过去事实相反）
Eg . Had I left a little earlier ，I wuld have caught the train.
1.将if从句变为一般疑问句 2.省略if
Eg . If I were yu，I shuld wrk hard.（与现在事实相反）
Eg . Were I yu，I shuld wrk hard.
Eg . If it shuld rain ，the crps wuld be saved.（与将来事实相反）
Eg . Shuld it rain ，the crps wuld be saved.
练一练： 1 . ________ in schl again , I wuld wrk harder. A .Was I B . Were I C . Were I if D . I were 2. _______ I ________ ( tell )the girl that I lve yu , she ____________ ( be ) my wife nw. 3. ________ ( have ) yu arrived five minutes earlier , yu culd _________ ( see )them ff． 4. ________ ( be ) I yu , I wuld nt ask the questin.
错综虚拟条件句，主句与一般现在时相反，从句与一般过去时相反，省略if，从句部分倒装
have seen
虚拟条件句中，be的过去式只能是were，若使用部分倒装，则必须省略if
1. A little girl std in the rain.
In the rain std a little girl.
2. The by rde away.
Away rde the by.
3. Yur dg runs here.
Here runs yur dg.
4. A picture hangs n the wall.
On the wall hangs a picture.
结构1：Here, there, nw, then或 ut, in, up, dwn, away, ff 等副词开头的句子+ (谓语动词be, g, cme)
主语是人称代词，语序不变。
如：Here yu are.Out it cmes.
如：There ges the bus.Out ran the teacher.Then came a new difficulty.Nw cmes yur turn.
Here cmes the bus .
Out rushed Zhu Zhengta.
Out he rushed.
现在轮到你了。 Nw cmes yur turn
注意:　如果主语为人称代词，则不需要倒装。
Attentin！:代词做主语时，主谓语序不变
Here cmes the car. Here it cmes.
Out they went.Out went the children.
1. ---- Here ____! Where is my dg? ----There ____.A. cmes the bus, is itB. cmes the bus, it isC. the bus cmes, is itD. the bus cmes, it is 2.___ the plane. A. Flew dwn B. Dwn flew C. Dwn was flying D. Dwn fly
注意：在完全倒装中一般不用进行时态，而是一般现在时或一般过去时.
结构2：状语（介词短语）+ v.(be, cme, g, lie, sit, stand, run, walk)+ 主语
1.In frnt f my huse _____________ (立着一棵树) with a histry f 1,000 years. (stand) 2.By the windw ___________________ (坐着位老人) with a magazine in his hand just nw. (sit)
stands a tree
sat an ld man
3.They arrived at a farm huse, in frnt f which __________ (坐着一个男孩) . (sit)4.The sldiers ran t the muntain, n the tp f which__________(飘着一面旗帜). (fly)
flew a flag
考倒装和定语从句的综合
结构3：以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除 there be 外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。
There be (live/stand/ lie/ seem/ happen/appear…) 全部倒装
桌子上有一本书，两个橙子。There _____ne bk and tw ranges n the desk. (be)山顶有棵大树。 ___________________ n the tp f the hill.（stand）
There stands a big tree
Lng lng ag, there was a hill.
Describe the pictures“There be\exist\lie…”
___________ a high schl at the ft f Munt JT.
结构4：直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时用倒装。
如：“I’ll call again after supper,” said he.“Let me g n with the peratin.” said ne f the dctrs.
注意：主语是代词时，不倒装。“The car is mine,” he said.
“What’s up, Tm?” asked Mther. “The car is mine,” said Tm.
结构5：主语太长，表语太短，为了平衡句子结构的需要,将表语提前。
1. Inside the pyramid are the burial rms fr the kings and queens.2. Gne are the days when we are enslaved.3. Present at the meeting are ten famus writers.4. Amng the children was an ld man.
作表语用的形容词、现在/过去分词、介词短语位于句首,句子完全倒装,以达到强调、句式平衡或上下文衔接紧密的目的。即：
1____________________ (出席会议)are the president and many ther guests. (present)2____________________ (长在山上) are varieties f flwers and plants. (grw)3 _________________ (日子一去不复返了) when ur Chinese were lked dwn upn. (g)4 ________________ (在这些商品中) are Christmas trees, flwers and tys. (amng)
Gne are the days
Amng the gds
Present at the meeting
Grwing n the hill
1. 在以here、there、nw、then、ff、away等副词开头的句子里。
2. 表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。
1、Only+状语位于句首时
2.否定副词或短语位于句首时
3、在省去if的虚拟条件从句 中
4、S\ Neither\ Nr 位于句首时
5、as引导的让步状语从句
1. Nt until all the fish died in the river ____ hw serius the pllutin was.
did the villagers realize C. the villagers realized
B. the villagers realized D. didn’t the villagers realize
2. Only in this way _____ t make imprvement in the perating system.
yu can hpe B. yu did hpe C. can yu hpe D. did yu hpe
3. If Je’s wife wn’t g t the party,____. A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will4. — My rm gets very cld at night. — ___________. A. S is mine B. S mine is C. S des mine D. S mine des5. Nt a single sng _____ at yesterday’s party. A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing
Exercises:1.Nt until all the fish died in the river_____ hw serius the pllutin was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize C.the villagers did realize D.didn’t the villagers realize2.It was nt until 1920____ regular radi bradcasts began. A.while B.which C.that D.since3.I finally gt the jb I dreamed abut. Never in all my life_____ s happy. A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt
4. — Why can't I smke here? — At n time _______ in the meeting-rm. A. is smking permitted　　 B. smking is permitted C. smking is it permitted　 D. des smking permit 5.N sner _______ than it began t rain heavily. A. the game began　 B. has the game begun C. did the game begin　 D. had the game begun 6. — D yu knw Tm bught a new car? — I dn't knw, _______. A. nr dn't I care　 B. nr d I care　 C. I dn't care neither　 D. I dn't care als
7._____ can yu expect t get a pay rise. A.With hard wrk B.Althugh wrk hard C.Only with hard wrk D.Nw that he wrks hard8.Nw____ Sally’s turn t keep guard. A.there is B.is ging C.has cme nly_____ plluted but_____ crwded. A.was the city; were the streets B.the city was; were the streets C.was the city; the streets were D.the city was; the streets were
10.S___ that n fish can live in it. A.the lake is shallw B.shallw the lake is C.shallw is the lake D.is the lake shallw11.Little_____ abut his wn safety, thugh he was in great danger he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared12.Was it in 1969_____ the American astrnaut succeeded ____ landing n the mn. A.when; n B.that; n C.when; in D.that; in
13.______ fr the free tickets, I wuld nt have gne t the films s ften. A.If it is nt B.Were it nt C.Had it nt been D.If they were nt14.---David has made great prgress recently. ---_____, and______ . A.S he has; s yu have B.S he has; s have yu C.S has he; s have yu D.S has he; s yu have15.Here ____the gd news fr every man and every wman wh ____in the twn.A. is ; live B. is; lives C. are; live D. are; lives
长难句分析：Alng with them ges scial mbility, ambitin t rise in the urban wrld, a main factr in bringing dwn the births in Eurpe in the nineteenth century.要点分析：这是一个完全倒装句，主语是scial mbility……century，谓语动词是ges. ambitin t rise in the urban wrld 是对 scial mbility的进一步说明。a main factr在意思上相当于which is a main factr in……century，修饰 ambitin t ……wrld.参考译文：伴随他们而来的是社会的流动性，人们强烈地希望在城市里发展，这是19世纪欧洲出生率下降的主要因素。
2. Fr example, they d nt cmpensate fr grss scial inequality, and thus d nt tell hw able an underprivileged yungster might have been had he grwn up under mre favrable circumstances.要点分析：句中had he grwn up …… 是虚拟条件中省略if的倒装结构。翻译时，要把if的含义译出。主句为并列谓语…… cmpensate …… ， and …… tell结构。句中hw引导宾语从句。虚拟条件句为宾语从句的状语。根据汉语的表达习惯，条件状语常前置。参考译文：例如，它们并不弥补明显的社会不公；因此，它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人，如果在较好的环境下成长，会有多大的才干。
S wnderful was the light shw that peple all crwded int the river beach.Child as/thugh he is, he knws a lt.
假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事构思：我英语很好，也很了解中国画的历史和风格。e.g. I nt nly have mastery f English but have a general idea f the histry and styles f Chinese paintings as Nt nly d I have mastery f English but have a general idea f the histry and styles f Chinese paintings as well.
【2017全国Ⅱ卷】假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。Nt nly __________ the art f paper-cutting, but als __________ a deep understanding f Chinese culture.用倒装表达正确的是______________。yu will appreciate; yu are haveyu appreciate; can yu havewill yu appreciate; yu can havewill yu appreciate; can yu gave
假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据一下提示给他写一封电子邮件。1.比赛的时间、地点；2.邀请他的原因构思：我们需要你，有你我们才能赢得比赛。e.g. Only when yu have jined ur team can we have cnfident in ur Only when yu have jined ur team will we be cnfident that we’ll win a victry eventually.
假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请你给他回邮件，内容包括：3.建议他做那些准备工作；下列翻译正确的是（ ）Only when yu are equipped with basic Chinese yu can adapt t the life in Beijing mre quickly.Only when yu equip with basic Chinese yu can adapt t the life in Beijing mre quickly.Only when yu are equipped with basic Chinese can yu adapt t the life in Beijing mre quickly.Only when yu are equipped with basic Chinese adapt yu t the life in Beijing mre quickly.
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1.农场情况；2.采摘过程；3.个人感受构思：我们很开心，所以把它推荐给你们。e.g. We have enjyed urselves s much that we are delighted t recmmend it t S much have we enjyed urselves that we are delighted t recmmend it t yu.
【2018年6月浙江卷】假设你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：1.口语能力；2.相关经验；3.应聘目的_______________ that _______________ the first prize in the speech cntest.（ ）Such great prgress did I make in spken English; did I wn.Such great prgress did I make in spken English; I wn.S great prgress I made in spken English; did I win.S great prgress did I make I in spken English; I wn.
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括：1. 农场情况；2.采摘过程；3.个人感受。构思：我们的目的地坐落于泰山脚下，它是我们城市最大的农场之一。
e.g. Our destinatin lies at the bttm f the Munt Tai. It is ne f the largest farms in ur At the bttm f Munt Tai lies ur destinatin which is ne f the largest farms in ur city.
【2019全国Ⅰ卷】假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事many ld-famus paintingsarewhich interest me a ltin yur art gallery使用倒装后，顺序正确的是_______________.
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加的比赛，内容包括：1.比赛信息；2.赛前准备；3.表达准备构思：我们必须做好充分准备，绝不轻敌。e.g. We must be well prepared. We shuld nt underestimate ur We have t be well prepared. Under n circumstances shuld we underestimate ur ppnents.