英语Unit 4 Adversity and Course课时作业

UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE

Section A　Reading and Thinking

必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.Both sides met in order to try 　　　　　　　(resolve) their differences. 

2.If you don’t have an aim,you will drift like an 　　　　　(abandon) ship at sea. 

3.With faith and 　　　　　　　(persevere),Goodall finally overcame all the difficulties. 

4.His friends were 　　　　　(enthusiasm) and encouraged him to publish his ideas. 

5.He asked me to take fewer 　　　　　　　　(belong) as there was little room left in our car. 

6.In my opinion,there is no evidence indicating that he is a 　　　　　(qualify) teacher. 

7.Before I competed,I had mixed program of strength and 　　　　　(endure) training. 

8.Never will I forget his first 　　　　　(assign) at the office of a popular English newspaper. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

turn down,be enthusiastic about,throw away,be stuck in,hold on,from bad to worse,set off,after all

1.　　　　　　　　　 to your dream and you will succeed. 

2.Under the new management,things may go 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

3.If you want to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　your work,remember these three things. 

4.I was thirty minutes late for the meeting because I 　　　　　　　　　　　　traffic. 

5.I don’t know why you are so concerned—it isn’t your problem 　　　　　　　　　. 

6.You’d better not 　　　　　　　　　those books in case you can read them again. 

7.It was raining hard when we 　　　　　　　　　　yesterday;we were wet when arriving there. 

8.Tom had to 　　　　　　　　　the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. 

Ⅲ.一句多译

1.我下火车时碰巧在下雨,因此我只好乘出租车。

(1)　　　　　  　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　it was raining when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi.(it作形式主语) 

(2)It happened 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when I got off the train and I had to take a taxi.(动词不定式短语) 

2.没有你的帮助,我不可能取得这么快的进步。

(3)　　　　　  　　　　　 　　　　　 ,I would not have made such rapid progress.(without) 

(4)If you 　　　　　　　　　　me,I would not have made such rapid progress.(if引导的虚拟条件句) 

3.能有机会参加这次会议被认为是很大的荣耀。

(5)People 　　　　　　　　　　a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference.(it作形式宾语) 

(6)　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　a great honor to have a chance to attend the conference.(it作形式主语) 

4.他给我们讲的这个故事多么有趣啊!

(7)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he is telling us!(what引导的感叹句) 

(8)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he is telling us!(how引导的感叹句) 

5.树上的苹果太高了,我够不着。

(9)The apples on the tree are　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to reach.(too...to...句式) 

(10)The apples on the tree are　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　I can’t reach them.(so...that...句式) 

能力素养提升练

Ⅳ.阅读理解

A

(2021·山东淄博高二期末)

Palawan is a must for the global traveller,with its charming scenery,untouched rainforests and world-class resorts(度假胜地).Palawan’s beaches simply have no equal,and there are scores of islands for the travellers to explore.

Diving

Divers troop to Palawan,which lies at the very heart of the Coral Triangle biodiversity corridor(走廊).The highlight is Tubbataha Reefs National Park,which is accessible only by live-aboard boat from late March to mid-June.

Island hopping

Top of most visitors’ lists is boarding a trusty speed boat and setting off to explore Palawan’s 1780 islands.Why not take a multiday journey,camping on remote islands under the stars,far removed from other tourists?

Beaches

The best part about Palawan’s glorious beaches? Only a few are known to the masses.The rest are yours for the taking.EI Nido has a seemingly endless supply of sandy sights.North of EI Nido,a rough road leads to Nacpan Beach.Way up north,the Calamian Islands are often ringed 360-degrees by blindingly white sand.

Jungle adventures

Close to 50% of Palawan’s old-growth forest cover remains untouched,by far the most among Philippine provinces.Naturalists can explore the rainforests in search of animals and birdwatchers migrate from around the globe to spot unusual bird species.Additionally,determined hikers can scale numerous peaks.

Palawan has always had a responsible attitude towards its environment.Against the destruction of coastal ecosystems and illegal logging and fishing,several award-wining resorts are leading the way toward a more sustainable future,mixing native design and low-carbon elements to create living spaces that will last.Ecotourism will play a role in determining the future of the islands.

1.What can a tourist enjoy in Palawan?

A.Watching the migration of birds in the rainforests.

B.Visiting Tubbataha Reefs National Park in July.

C.Getting exposed to all the beaches.

D.Exploring the faraway islands.

2.Who may have less interest in Palawan?

A.Climbers. B.Skiers.

C.Biologists. D.Divers.

3.What should the local people do to maintain its continuous business?

A.Forbid fishing.

B.Protect ecosystems.

C.Log illegally.

D.Ignore the concept of low-carbon life.

B

(2021·山东潍坊高二期末)

Aristotle was among the first thinkers to become interested in the red snow on Mount Parnassus in the 4th century BC.The Greek philosopher owed the colour to hairy worms living in freezing conditions at high altitude.The phenomenon has puzzled scientists ever since.Now a team of French researchers find that snow is getting redder all the time.

The red is indeed produced by organisms in the snow—not by hairy worms,but by microalgae(微藻类)that inhabit ecosystems up to 3,000 metres above sea level.The microalgae that are green and invisible in winter become loaded with pigments(色素)in summer which protect them from the sun,turning the snow reddish.It’s when the sun’s rays become strong that the microalgae create a protective layer of red molecules(分子) that are like a sun cream.

The researchers say on their website,“The appearance of ‘red snows’ seems to be more and more frequent at high altitudes,as well as in the Arctic and Antarctic regions.” One explanation for the spread of red snows could be global warming,the scientists say.Microalgae capture carbon dioxide when exposed to light,turning it into organic matter and placing it at the foundation of ecosystems in soil,water and snow.With climate change,the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing.“It is therefore expected that certain microalgae respond positively to this increase,behaving as markers of climate change,” the website says.

Yet scientists are unsure about what impact the microalgae have on melting glaciers and snow.They suspect that because the red pigments absorb the heat they are accelerating environmental change.“Even if it is fantastic to see microalgae developing in the snow,one of the consequences is...the disappearance of their environment,” the researchers added.

4.What caused the red snow according to the Greek philosopher?

A.High altitude.

B.A kind of worms.

C.The microalgae.

D.The freezing conditions.

5.Why do the microalgae turn red in summer?

A.To generate a sun cream.

B.To be loaded with pigments.

C.To attract people’s attention.

D.To defend themselves from the sun.

6.What can we learn about the red snow in paragraph 3?

A.It can contribute to global warming.

B.It can indicate the rise of carbon dioxide.

C.It increases carbon dioxide in ecosystems.

D.It disappears from the Arctic and Antarctic regions.

7.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A.Red snow sends a warning.

B.Microalgae grow in red snow.

C.Microalgae stand climate change.

D.Red snow dances at high altitude.

Ⅴ.七选五

(2021·河南驻马店高二期末)

Life lessons from studying abroad

I’ve studied abroad three times.In high school,I took a biology trip to Panama in Central America for two weeks.　1　 All the three experiences have resulted in huge personal growth. 

　2　 

While you are abroad,there will be times when you will feel lost,frightened,and completely alone in a city of millions of people,and you need help.You have to trust people,or you are never going to get anywhere in life.　3　 When you have your back against the wall,you have to rely on yourself to get to where you are going.Sometimes that can be frightening,but when you can actually trust yourself,you can truly learn the importance of your independence. 

I learned to take advantage of the opportunities that were given to me.

I often say a lot more “yes” and a lot less “no”.Jog round the park? Yes.Hike up a volcano? Yes.Camp in the Sahara Desert? Yes.Volunteer in a Spanish school? Yes.I didn’t let anything stand in the way of me experiencing some of these opportunities.　4　 

I learned to be adaptable(适应性强的).

When I was abroad,there were many times when things didn’t go as planned,and I had to adapt to the situation and figure out a plan B.Whether it is a canceled connecting flight,a missed train,or unexpected food poisoning,you have to figure out a way to get through it.I find this to be extremely important.　5　 They might knock you down,or change your path,but it’s how you respond to these challenges that helps you learn and grow. 

A.I had to handle it.

B.Having faith in others earns you help.

C.Staying abroad made me stronger and more confident.

D.I learned to put belief in myself and also in other people.

E.Problems are going to arise when you least expect them.

F.In college I’ve been on two “Education Abroad Programs”.

G.Life is too short to be saying no to things and regretting them later.

答案：

Ⅰ.1.to resolve　2.abandoned　3.perseverance　4.enthusiastic    5.belongings　6.qualified　7.endurance　8.assignment

Ⅱ.1.Hold on　2.from bad to worse　3.be enthusiastic about　4.was stuck in　5.after all　6.throw away    7.set off　8.turn down

Ⅲ.1.(1)It so happened that　(2)to be raining

2.(3)Without your help　(4)hadn’t helped

3.(5)consider it　(6)It is considered

4.(7)What an interesting story　(8)How interesting the story

5.(9) too high for me　(10)so high that

Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了旅游胜地巴拉望的景点以及旅游项目。

1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Palawan’s beaches simply have no equal,and there are scores of islands for the travellers to explore.”可知,游客可以在巴拉望探索许多海岛。

2.B　细节理解题。根据小标题Diving中的“Divers troop to Palawan,...”可知,巴拉望是潜水胜地。根据Jungle adventures中的“Naturalists can explore the rainforests...Additionally,determined hikers can scale numerous peaks.”可知,巴拉望也会吸引生物学家和登山者的兴趣。全文没有提到滑雪,故选B项。

3.B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知,巴拉望岛的本地人正在推行可持续的发展理念,生态旅游对岛屿未来的发展会起作用,即当地人应该通过保护生态环境来维持其持续的业务。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现在高海拔地区出现的“红雪”现象可能预示着大气中二氧化碳含量的增多以及全球变暖。

4.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Greek philosopher owed the colour to hairy worms living in freezing conditions at high altitude.”可知,希腊哲学家认为红雪是生活在高海拔冰冻环境中的毛毛虫造成的。

5.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The microalgae that are green and invisible in winter become loaded with pigments in summer which protect them from the sun,turning the snow reddish.”可知,这些微藻夏天变红是为了保护自己不受阳光照射。

6.B　推理判断题。根据第三段可知,红雪的出现预示着全球变暖。微藻被暴露于光下捕获二氧化碳,将其转化为有机物,对大气中二氧化碳的增加做出积极反应,即红雪变多意味着二氧化碳的增多。

7.A　主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要讲述研究发现在高海拔地区出现的“红雪”现象可能预示着大气中二氧化碳含量的增多以及全球变暖。A选项“Red snow sends a warning.”概括了文章主旨,适合作为文章标题。

Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者在国外留学时给出的一些建议和想法。

1.F　根据上文“ In high school,I took a biology trip to Panama in Central America for two weeks.”可知,空格处承上启下。F项“在大学里,我参加了两个国外教育计划”其中In college与In high school形成并列关系,与studied abroad three times相呼应。

2.D　根据下文“You have to trust people,or you are never going to get anywhere in life.”可知,本段主要讲述的是信任的话题。D项“我学会了相信自己和他人。”其中put belief in与trust people为同义复现。

3.B　根据上文“You have to trust people,or you are never going to get anywhere in life.”可知,此处承接上文,继续表述相信自己和相信他人的重要性。B项“对他人有信心可以帮助到你。”其中having faith in与trust people形成对比结构。

4.G　根据上文“I often say a lot more ‘yes’ and a lot less ‘no’.”可知,G项“人生苦短,不要拒绝任何事情以后再后悔。”符合此处语境。

5.E　根据上文“you have to figure out a way to get through it.”可知,E项中的“going to arise when you least expect them”与“figure out a way to get through it”形成对比结构。