人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists随堂练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists随堂练习题，共9页。
Section A　Reading and ThinkingA级 必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.He found that watching the movie was 　　　　　　(frustrate) because the ending was so bad. 2.The salesgirl is very good at 　　　　　　　(handle) difficult customers,which pleases the manager very much. 3.There is convincing proof that skin cancer is 　　　　　　(link) to exposure to the sun. 4.These events 　　　　　　(severe) affect our environment as well as human health. 5.They blamed the accident 　　　　　　　　dangerous driving. Ⅱ.短语填空as a result of,in time,in general,be to blame,subscribe to,thanks to,find out,once and for all,die from,attend to1.The problem must be solved 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,without leaving any loose end. 2.　　　　　　　　　 mobile libraries,these people can still borrow books. 3.The government tried to 　　　　　　　　how the disaster happened. 4.If we do not 　　　　　　　　the problem,it will certainly grow. 5.Many of the local children have 　　　　　　　　　the disease. 6.They moved to a larger farm and 　　　　　　　　　made it over to Mary. 7.If you 　　　　　　　　　this newspaper,you’ll get an extra magazine. 8.　　　　　　　　　,the people who take regular exercise are healthier than those who don’t. 9.The report reveals that human fault 　　　　　　　　　　　　for the accident. 10.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 his carelessness,he made a severe mistake. Ⅲ.完成句子1.然而,在电视和收音机里你会听到人们说话方式的不同。(the way作先行词)However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 2.这是一本非常有趣的书,我们班所有的学生都想读。(so...that结构)This is 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　all the students in our class want to read it. 3.我把所有的错误都改正了。(have+宾语+过去分词)I have 　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　. B级 能力素养提升练Ⅳ.阅读理解AMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life.However,not Gitanjali Rao.The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative(创新的) solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten.It is,therefore,not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America’s Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade,Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint,Michigan,where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city’s primary water supply and unbelievable high levels of lead(铅) made their way into people’s drinking water.After two months’ research,Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water.Called Tethys,after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater,it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead.The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017.She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys’ potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later,Rao took on another social issue—drug addiction.Her app,called Epione,which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019,is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it’s too late.More recently,the teenager has developed an app named Kindly,which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌).When users type in a word or phrase,Kindly is able to pick it up if it’s bullying,and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is.It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome,Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year”.1.What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A.The incident of lead pollution.B.The issue with drug addiction.C.The shortage of water supplies.D.The high cost of purifying water.2.What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A.It’ll remove metal from water.B.It’ll make it to market soon.C.It’ll win her a higher prize.D.It’ll be fitted to cellphones.3.What will Kindly allow users to do?A.Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B.Input words into a computer automatically.C.Choose from secure social networking sites.D.Weigh their words before posting them online.4.Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A.Ambitious and humble.B.Optimistic and adventurous.C.Talkative and outstanding.D.Creative and productive. BBritish chemist David Evans has become an overnight celebrity on Chinese social media.His chemistry experiments have attracted over 2 million followers in just a few months.Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.The 60-year-old always wears a white lab coat,a pair of safety goggles(护目镜),and smiles often.Some web users say he looks just like the “grandpa of KFC”.Evans has posted videos of various experiments.His most popular experiments have attracted millions of hits on video-sharing apps.Excited children’s cheers and shouts can be heard in his videos.“I hope my experiments can arouse people’s interest in science,” he says.Evans has been interested in China since childhood.In the early 1970s,before the reform and opening-up,he viewed it as a country full of mysteries.He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.He quit his job in the United Kingdom and moved to Beijing in 1996.Many of his friends thought he was crazy.But Evans said they just saw China’s challenges but not its potential.Since 2011,Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.He learned short-video apps are also popular in small cities and rural areas.And he realized this could enable him to reach more students,who lack opportunities to perform fun experiments.But even a one-minute video requires a considerable amount of work.Still,he thinks it’s worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.His experiments always fill school lecture halls with laughter.Some viewers call him “a Harry Potter”—like a magician,but he disagrees,“A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks,but a scientist always gives an explanation.” He sees himself as a teacher.He performs experiments to spread knowledge,inspire thinking,remove misunderstandings and show that science can create change.Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.5.Who is David Evans according to the passage?A.A film celebrity.B.A chemistry teacher.C.A manager of KFC.D.A British magician.6.Why did Evans begin to post videos of experiments on the Internet?A.To popularize science.B.To rise to fame.C.To apply short-video apps.D.To make a fortune.7.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to paragraph 3?A.Evans considered the UK to be a country full of mysteries.B.Evans first visited Chinese mainland in the 1970s.C.Evans went to China for a chemistry meeting in 1987.D.Evans moved to Beijing with the support of his friends.8.What can we infer from the passage?A.Evans knows exactly how a magic works.B.Evans is a serious scientist and barely smiles.C.Evans will continue to post videos of experiments in China.D.Evans’ students like to interrupt his experiments with laughter. CWomen have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times.Dozens of women have won the Nobel Prize,one of the highest honors in the world.Some women scientists never married,some worked with their husbands,and others raised large families.It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.In the early 1800s in England,Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries of the ancient history of the earth.Mary and her father collected fossils(化石) in their village on the south coast of Great Britain.Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.When she was only twelve years old,Mary became the first person to find the almost complete skeletons(骨架) of several animals that no longer existed on earth.She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.In 1891,a young Polish woman named Maria Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study physics.She did so because she could not get a college education in Poland.She began working in the laboratory with a man named Pierre Curie.She and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together.They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist.Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time that became famous as a scientist.9.What does the author think of women scientists according to paragraph 1?A.They go through difficulties to be successful.B.They cannot get the highest honors in the world.C.They had better pay more attention to their families.D.They have more opportunities to become successful.10.Why did Mary fail to be famous for her discoveries of fossils?A.Because she didn’t want to be known to anyone.B.Because they weren’t worth studying.C.Because nobody recognized them.D.Because she sold them for money.11.What can we know about Marie Curie?A.She finished her college education in Poland.B.She was the first woman to win two Nobel Prizes.C.She won the first Nobel Prize before getting married.D.She and her husband won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.12.What’s the text mainly about?A.Ancient discoveries of scientists.B.Some stories of women scientists.C.Successful marriages of women scientists.D.Some women scientists winning the Nobel Prize. 
Section A　Reading and ThinkingⅠ.1.frustrating　2.handling　3.linked　4.severely　5.onⅡ.1.once and for all　2.Thanks to　3.find out　4.attend to5.died from　6.in time　7.subscribe to　8.In general　9.was to blame　10.As a result ofⅢ.1.the way people speak　2.so interesting a book that3.had all my mistakes correctedⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了青少年发明家Gitanjali Rao从10岁开始就一直在为解决世界问题而想出各种创新解决方案。本文主要介绍了她的三种发明和她所获得的荣誉。1.A　细节理解题。由第二段中的“In the third grade,Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint,Michigan,where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city’s primary water supply and unbelievable high levels of lead made their way into people’s drinking water.”这一信息可知,铅污染事故使得Rao萌发了发明Tethys装置的想法,故选A项。2.B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys’ potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.”可知,Rao希望Tethys能够尽快投入市场,故选B项。3.D　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“When users type in a word or phrase,Kindly is able to pick it up ...to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.”可知,Kindly让用户在发表自己的话语之前,先衡量一下他们的话语是否合适,故选D项。4.D　推理判断题。由第二段中的“In the third grade,Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint,Michigan...”可知,Gitanjali Rao通过目睹的一场事故从而发明了一种装置可知,Rao是富有创造力的;再根据她发明的Tethys,Epione,Kindly并结合第一段中的“The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten.”可知,她是一位多产发明家,故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述一位移居中国并且在网上发布化学实验短视频的英国化学教授在中国的一些事迹。5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Evans is a chemistry professor at the Beijing University of Chemical Technology.”可知,Evans是北京化工大学的化学教授。故选B项。6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Since 2011,Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science.”可知,自2011年起,Evans开始借助互联网普及科学。故选A项。7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.”可知,1987年,Evans来中国参加了一个化学会议,故选C项。8.C　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Evans says he looks forward to more ‘chemical reactions’ with China.”可知,Evans表示,他期待与中国进行更多的“化学反应”。由此可推断,他将继续发布更多的实验视频。故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了以玛丽·安宁和玛丽·居里为代表的女性科学家的故事。这些女性科学家为人类社会做出了很大贡献。9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.”可知,在作者看来,女性成为成功的科学家是很难的。该句与A选项是同义表达。10.D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“She didn’t become famous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.”可知,她当时没有因为发现化石而出名是因为她经常卖掉化石来赚钱养家。故选D项。11.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 along with another scientist.”和“Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911,this time in Chemistry.”可知,1903年,居里夫妇和另一位科学家共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖,1911年,居里夫人成为第一个获得第二个诺贝尔奖的人,这次是化学奖。由此可知,她是第一位两次获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故选B项。12.B　主旨大意题。文章结构为“总—分”结构,第一段提及了本文的中心话题“Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times...It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.”,然后讲述了玛丽·安宁和玛丽·居里的故事。由此可知文章的话题为“一些女性科学家的故事”。故选B项。