高中人教版 (2019)Unit 1 Science and Scientists练习

Section B　Learning About Language

A级 必备知识基础练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.He will have to make major adjustments to his 　　　　　(think) if he is to survive in office. 

2.These 　　　　　(find) suggest that there is no direct link between unemployment and crime. 

3.Forecasters say the hurricane may not be as strong as they 　　　　　(initial) predicted. 

4.As a teaching value,caring has its own origin,thinking and 　　　　　(theory) framework. 

5.It was when I got back to the university 　　　　　　I first came across my new friends. 

6.I 　　　　　　　　　(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 

Ⅱ.短语填空

depend on/upon,deal with,theoretical framework,carry out,get down to doing,focus on,make sense,calm down

1.Only when she started to explain why she had done it did he manage to 　　　　　　　　. 

2.After lunch,we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the plan of outing. 

3.He had a strong desire to 　　　　　　　　the plan put forward at yesterday’s meeting. 

4.Doctors say anger can be a harmful emotion,unless you learn how to 　　　　　　　　　it. 

5.The teacher required us to make up a story which should 　　　　　　　　　. 

6.If you are going to follow someone,　　　　　　　　　 their talent,not their bad behaviours. 

7.The opportunities available will 　　　　　　　　　your previous work experience and qualification. 

8.The theory provides a good 　　　　　　　　　　　　　for China’s foreign language teaching. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.在进入房间之前,这些有用的小技巧会帮你镇静下来。(calm down)

These useful tips will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　before entering the room. 

2.时间不多了,让我们开始修理这台机器吧。(get down to)

There’s not much time left.Let’s 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

3.为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑是没有意义的。(make sense)

　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 

4.有了新的全球导航卫星系统,他们就能够执行他们的计划来帮助人们。(carry out)

Armed with the new GNSS,they’re able to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 

5.正是她的友善和责任感让我钦佩她。(强调句型)

　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　make me admire her. 

Ⅳ.微语法填空

根据语境,用适当的连接词填空。

Everyone knew 1.　　　　　　 Wendy was a famous writer,but no one knew 2.　　　　　　 she came from and 3.　　　　　　 she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4.　　　　　　 they did know was 5.　　　　　　 she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6. was in need of money.Wendy was generous and helpful,but some people thought she was chasing fame.Wendy said she didn’t understand 7.　　　　　　 they were so narrow-minded,but it didn’t matter 8.　　　　　　 others thought of her.She just wanted to do 9. she thought was right.She thought that was 10.　　　　　　 the meaning of life lied. 

B级 能力素养提升练

Ⅴ.阅读理解

Dr Dian Fossey,one of the world’s leading women scientists,had a remarkable career.The work—she devoted her life to protecting and studying the mountain gorillas(大猩猩) of Africa—has proved highly effective and has resulted in the steady increase of the most endangered great apes.

Fossey made her first trip to Africa in 1963.Three years later,she returned to Africa to begin a long-time study of the mountain gorillas.She set up camp in the Democratic Republic of Congo but moved to Rwanda because of political reasons in 1967.She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre camp on September 24,1967.

Fossey’s aims were to study the ecology and social organization of the gorilla.She found that in order to achieve this,she needed to recognize individual gorillas,which required that the gorillas get used to her presence.By copying gorillas’ behaviour and sounds,Fossey began to gain their trust,and in 1970 an adult male gorilla she had named “Peanuts” reached out to touch her hand.

Close observations over thousands of hours enabled Fossey to gain the gorillas’ trust and bring forth new knowledge about their behaviour.Stories and photographs of her work were published in National Geographic Magazine and elsewhere.

In 1977,one of Fossey’s favorite gorillas,Digit,was killed by poachers and she established the Digit Fund to help raise money for gorilla-protection efforts in the same year.

On December 26,1985,Fossey was murdered while going back to her house in Karisoke.Her body was discovered near the research centre.Most probably,Dian Fossey had been killed by the poachers she’d fought against.On her tombstone,“No one loved gorillas more...”

In 1988,the life and the work of Fossey were made into a movie based on her book.

1.Why does the author say Dr Dian Fossey “had a remarkable career”?

A.Because she travelled all over the world.

B.Because she liked to play with gorillas.

C.Because she studied gorilla ecology.

D.Because she made great apes increase steadily.

2.Which of the following shows the right time order of the events in Fossey’s life?

a.She established the Digit Fund.

b.Her story was shown in a movie.

c.She was killed probably by the poachers.

d.She established her “Karisoke” Research Centre.

A.a,d,c,b B.a,c,d,b

C.d,c,b,a D.d,a,c,b

3.The underlined word “poachers” in paragraph 5 probably refers to people who 　　　. 

A.sell drugs against the law

B.hunt animals against the law

C.hate successful people

D.like to do harm to people

4.From the words on Fossey’s tombstone,we can infer that 　　　. 

A.Fossey was the person who loved gorillas most

B.after Fossey died,no one loves gorillas

C.Fossey was the first one to study gorillas

D.everybody loves gorillas as Fossey did

Ⅵ.七选五

Online courses have become popular in many countries.There are different kinds of online courses,but most show a video of a teacher and students in a classroom.Students watch the video online and take part in online activities.Some courses are free and open to anyone.　1　 Of course,watching videos on a screen is not the same as taking part in a real class. 

　2　 In Singapore,eight schools have been chosen to try new ways of using technology in the classroom.The schools have tablets(平板电脑)and touchscreens instead of books and blackboards in the classrooms.　3　 Through them,students can communicate with each other and work on projects together. 

In South Korea,some students have been taught English by teachers in the Philippines and other countries since 2011.The teachers are in their home country and are connected to the South Korean classrooms via the Internet.Instead of looking at a screen,the students interact with a robot in the classroom.The robot is controlled by the teachers.　4　 

Thanks to technology,more and more ways of teaching and learning are being developed.

　5　 But one thing is for sure—there has never been a more interesting time than being a student. 

A.E-learning can be successful.

B.There are also social media platforms.

C.Other kinds of e-learning are being tested around the world.

D.They give students the chance to study anywhere,at any time.

E.Nobody knows what the classroom of the future will look like.

F.And it can move around the classroom and talk with the students.

G.The courses that are taught via the Internet are called online courses.

Ⅶ.完形填空

My first and favorite hero is my dad.I still 　1　 times when he would stay up with me to watch those funny shows at midnight after a long day of tiring work.I felt 　2　 and excitement every time he came home from work with a toy in his hand,　3　 but still willing to give me the world.And I also remember how my dad would go to the store and buy me a cartoon-themed cake 　4　 it wasn’t my birthday because he knew how much I liked to 　5　 myself with cake. 

Our life 　6　 when my sister was born.She was sick.I couldn’t 　7　 anything except the fact that my parents were 　8　.My sister went through a long period of being in hospital,during which my mom was by her side the entire time.My dad took over the 　9　 of my mom.I did everything with him,from sleeping in his bed because I was 　10　 at night,going to work with him every single day to complaining to him that I was hungry every day after school.This 　11　 went on for years. 

I didn’t really care for 　12　 when I was younger.I just 　13　 they were people with super abilities.Now,I think my dad 　14　 into that category.He has the 　15　 to make me feel happy and joyful.He makes me feel safe,warm,and loved. 

1.A.ignore B.need

C.confirm D.remember

2.A.peace B.relief

C.joy D.pride

3.A.ashamed B.tired

C.discouraged D.bored

4.A.when B.in case

C.if D.even though

5.A.cover B.reward

C.stuff D.inspire

6.A.simplified B.changed

C.guaranteed D.improved

7.A.understand B.miss

C.control D.expect

8.A.sad B.angry

C.weak D.strange

9.A.mistake B.risk

C.promise D.role

10.A.confused B.depressed

C.scared D.excited

11.A.actually B.finally

C.secretly D.merely

12.A.foods B.heroes

C.relatives D.gifts

13.A.expressed B.suspected

C.envied D.knew

14.A.struggles B.differs

C.fits D.objects

15.A.ability B.ambition

C.responsibility D.intention

Section B　Learning About Language

Ⅰ.1.thinking　2.findings　3.initially　4.theoretical

5.that　6.was driving

Ⅱ.1.calm down　2.got down to discussing　3.carry out　4.deal with　5.make sense　6.focus on　7.depend on/upon　8.theoretical framework

Ⅲ.1.help you calm down　2.get down to repairing the machine　3.It doesn’t make sense　4.carry out their plans to help people　5.It’s her friendliness and the sense of responsibility that

Ⅳ.1.that　2.where　3.whether　4.What　5.that

6.whoever　7.why　8.what　9.what(ever)　10.where

Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了动物学家Dian Fossey博士及其成就。

1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,她的工作使濒危动物大型类人猿的数量得以平稳增长,这是她的非凡成就。故选D项。

2.D　细节理解题。根据文章可知,1967年Fossey建立了Karisoke研究中心;1977年Fossey成立了“Digit基金”;1985年她被杀害;1988年她的故事被拍成电影。故选D项。

3.B　词义猜测题。根据文章最后三段可知,1977年Fossey最喜爱的一只大猩猩被poachers杀害,因此Fossey成立了保护大猩猩的基金并且与poachers进行斗争。由此可推断,poachers指“偷猎者”。

4.A　推理判断题。根据文章可知,Fossey研究并保护大猩猩,为此她被偷猎者杀害。因此写在Fossey墓碑上的这句话的意思是“没有人比Fossey更爱大猩猩了”,也就是说Fossey是最热爱大猩猩的人。故选A项。

Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线课程的有关内容。老师可以进行远程授课,学生在教室与教学机器人进行互动。随着科技的发展,教学方式也在不断地发展。

1.D　上文提到“Students watch the video online and take part in online activities.Some courses are free and open to anyone.”,这说明正是因为网络的便利性,学生可以随时随地学习。故选D项。

2.C　第二、三段提到了新加坡、韩国对在线学习的实践,说明了在线学习在全世界进行测试。故C项符合语境。

3.B　第二段最后一句的意思是,学生可以通过它们互相交流,共同完成项目。因此选B项,意思是:这里还有一些社交平台。代词them指代B项中的social media platforms。

4.F　上文提到“Instead of looking at a screen,the students interact with a robot in the classroom.The robot is controlled by the teachers.”,F项中的it指代前文中出现的robot,故F项符合语境。

5.E　倒数第二段提到随着科技的发展,越来越多的教学和学习方式正被研发出来。而科技的发展会给教学模式带来什么样的未来还是未知的。因此,没有人知道未来的教室会是什么样子的。故E项符合语境。

Ⅶ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲是作者第一个也是最喜欢的英雄,作者仍记得许多与父亲一起度过的美好时光。妹妹出生后,作者的生活发生了变化。作者的母亲经常陪生病的妹妹,因此作者的父亲承担了母亲的角色。作者觉得父亲是自己的英雄,因为父亲让作者感到幸福、快乐、安全、温暖和被爱。

1.D　根据语境可知,作者还记得父亲在忙碌了一天的工作之后陪自己熬夜看搞笑节目的经历。ignore“忽视”;need“需要”;confirm“确认”;remember“记得”,故选D项。

2.C　根据语境和常识可知,父亲下班回家时给作者带玩具,作者应感到高兴。peace“和平;安宁”;relief“宽慰;释怀”;joy“高兴”;pride“骄傲”,因此C项正确。

3.B　根据上文中的“after a long day of tiring work”可知,经过了漫长的一天令人疲惫的工作之后,作者的父亲感到很累。

4.D　作者的父亲知道作者非常喜欢蛋糕,所以不是作者的生日也会给作者买蛋糕。in case“以免”;even though“即使”。

5.C　根据语境可知,此处是在说明作者对蛋糕的喜爱程度。stuff sb with sth “(使)吃撑,吃饱”。cover“覆盖”;reward“回报”;stuff“填充;塞满”;inspire“激励;感召”,因此C项符合语境。

6.B　根据语境可知,作者的妹妹出生以后,体弱多病,他们的生活因此发生了改变。simplify“简化”;change“改变”;guarantee“保证”;improve“提升”,因此B项正确。

7.A　根据语境可知,作者能理解父母很伤心,但是对于其他却一无所知。understand “理解”;miss“思念;错过”;control“控制”;expect“预料;期盼”,因此A项正确。

8.A　根据上文中的“She was sick”以及下文中的“My sister went through a long period of being in hospital”可知,作者的妹妹体弱多病长期住院,作者的父母为此感到很伤心。

9.D　根据语境可知,妹妹住院时,作者的母亲一直陪在妹妹的身边,由此作者的父亲承担了母亲的角色。role “角色”。

10.C　根据语境并结合选项可知,作者之所以睡在父亲的床上是因为他晚上感觉害怕。confused“困惑的”;depressed“压抑的”;scared“害怕的”;excited“兴奋的”,因此C项符合语境。

11.A　根据语境可知,作者的母亲忙于照顾妹妹,父亲承担了母亲的角色照顾作者,这样的情况实际上持续了很多年。actually“实际上”;finally“最终”;secretly“秘密地”;merely“仅仅;只不过”,因此A项正确。

12.B　根据下文中的“I just 　　　they were people with super abilities”可知,作者小时候不喜欢英雄。 

13.D　根据上题解析可知,作者小时候不喜欢英雄,只知道他们是拥有超能力的人。express“表达”;suspect“怀疑”;envy“羡慕;嫉妒”,都不符合语境。

14.C　根据上文中的“My first and favorite hero is my dad.”可知,现在作者认为自己的父亲符合英雄这一范畴。struggle“挣扎;奋斗”;differ“与……不同”;fit“适合”;object“反对”,因此C项正确。

15.A　根据语境和上文中的“were people with super abilities”可知,作者认为自己的父亲是英雄,因为他拥有让作者感到幸福和快乐的能力。ability“能力”;ambition“野心;雄心”;responsibility“责任”;intention“打算;意图”,因此A项正确。