【全国通用】2023年中考英语易错题汇编——07 非谓语动词（原卷版+解析版）

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易错点07 非谓语动词     易错考点【01】后加动词不定式与动名词的固定用法辨析及其否定结构好多学生因为对一些固定用法掌握不牢，而用错动名词或不定式。中考常考后接动词不定式的常考词有：begin，choose，continue， decide，expect，fail，forget，hate，help，hope，learn，manage，mean，need，offer，plan， prefer，pretend，promise，refuse，try，afford，agree，start，like等。后加动名词的可以借助口诀来帮助记忆：完成练习值得忙（ finish， practice， be worth， be busy） 继续习惯别放弃（ keep on， be used to， give up） 考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can't help, feel like）；              喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)动词不定式的否定结构：not to do sth.  动名词的否定结构：not doing sth. 易错考点【02】动词不定式和动名词的作主语用法辨析动名词主语多表习惯或一般，Reading in the sun is bad for our eyes.不定式作主语时,一是表目的，二是多用it 做形式主语。It’s adj to do sth.To get there faster, you can take the taxi.易错考点【03】现在分词与过去分词的辨析1.语态区分 ：现分表主动或正在进行，如a moving film, developing countries过分表被动或已完成, 如the moved people, the risen sun2.作宾补：宾补 现分作宾补，主动关系，I heard him singing in the classroom. 过分作补，被动关系。He will have his hair cut after school. 不定式，重过程,I saw him cross the road. 现分，重正在进行。I saw him crossing the road .易错考点【04】使役动词和感官动词后加不定式作宾补 一感二听三让四看 (feel, hear, listen to, make, let ,have , see, look at , watch ,notice) 主动语态省略to, 被动语态还原to. The boss made them work for 12 hours a day. They were made to work for 12 hours a day .易错考点【05】特殊词后加动名词与不定式辨析。doing 多表事已做,  stop talking 停止谈话（原来正在谈话). To do 事没做,stop to talk 停下来去谈话（原来没谈话）。中考常考高频相似词：remember, try , go on, forget…易错考点【06】 介词to, 后加动名词。超级易错考点，学生看见to, 就用to do. 记住几个中考常考短语，即可避免掉入陷阱。make contributions to doing…为……做贡献 devote oneself to doing… 致力于…… look forward to doing… 期盼…… prefer doing to doing…比起……更喜欢……易错考点【07】 need, require , want后接动名词等于接不定式的被动式。have sth. done表被动。 这个考点，学生出错率相当高，容易错用成to do 形式。如：The flowers need watering.The young player spends four hours _______ volleyball every day.（　　）A．practise B．practising C．to practise D．practised 答案详解：practise练习。选项A是动词原形；选项B是动词的ing形式；选项C是动词不定式；选项D是过去式。根据观察和分析可知题干使用了spend time （in）doing sth句型结构，意思是"花时间干某事"，因此本题正确答案是B。所以选 ：B。（句子大意：这位年轻的运动员每天花四个小时练习排球。）1. The Internet enables farmers _______ fruits and vegetables across the country.（　　）A．sell B．selling C．to sell D．sold2．Kung fu is a traditional Chinese martial art that focuses on ________ both the balance and the strength.（　　）A．training B．to training C．to train D．train3．Students are encouraged _______ independently and critically in our school.（　　）A．think B．to think C．thought D．thinking ______ too much sweet food will make people get fat.（　　）A．Eating B．Eats C．Eat D．Ate 答案详解：分析句子可知，空格部分在句中作主语，因此使用动名词形式。所以选 ：A。（句子大意：吃过多的甜食会使人发胖。）1.__________ those cotton shirts ___________ will take much more time．（　　）A．Wash；by hand B．To wash；by hands C．Wash；with hands D．Washing；by hand2．It's important for the disabled ______the ability to make a living.（　　）A．to have B．have C．having D．has3．It takes David two hours ______books every day because he wants to be a writer when he grows up.（　　）A．to read B．reading C．reads D．to reading—Do you know there are more than 3，000 languages _____in the world？—Sorry，I have no idea.（　　）A．speaking B．spoken C．speak D．spoke 答案详解：根据题干，可知languages和speak是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，表被动。所以选 ：B。（句子大意：﹣你知道世界上有3000多种语言吗？﹣对不起，我不知道。）1．—Who should I send this message to，Betty？—Mr. Green is the one     .（　　）A．to send it    B．to send it to    C．to send to2．—Look! There are some students ____ basketball on the playground.—Yes. I often see them ________ basketball there.A．play；play B．play；playing C．playing；play D．playing；playing3．—Mr．Wang，please speak loudly in the hall to make yourself _______ while ________are there．—Fine，thanks for telling me about that．（　　）A．understood， others B．understand， other C．understand， others D．understanding， otherMy parents went to the market     some fruit and vegetables just now.（　　）A．buy B．bought C．buying D．to buy答案详解：句意：我父母刚才去市场买了一些水果和蔬菜。根据句意可知空白处应当是句中的目的状语，四个选项中只有动词不定式才能做目的状语。所以选 ：D。（句子大意：我父母刚才去市场买了一些水果和蔬菜。）
 1．The government should make laws ________ all  the people ________ in public．（　　）A．prevent；not to smoke B．to protect；smoking C．to prevent；smoking D．protect；not to smoke2．—I have less homework than before!—Me，too. Now，we have enough time __________ sports.A．do B．doing C．to do3．The workers are made _____ for ten hours a day．（　　）A．working B．work C．worked D．to work Remember     the light when you leave the classroom.（　　）A．turn off B．to turn off C．turning off答案详解：动词remember有两种用法：remember to do sth.记住要去做某事；remember doing sth.记得做过了某事；结合语境可知，叮嘱对方记住要关灯，所以要用remember to do srh.结构。所以选 ：B。（句子大意：记住当你离开教室时要关灯。）1．—Amy，don't forget     your mask （口罩） when you go out.—Don't worry，mom. I will.（　　）A．wear B．wears C．to wear D．wearing2．Smoking is not allowed here. Don't forget ________ your cigarette.（　　）A．to put out B．putting out C．to put off D．putting off3．—I believe you'll regret ______ up the chance．—Then I regret ______ you that I won't change my mind．（　　）A．giving； telling B．to give； to tell C．giving； to tell D．to give； tellingMost of the students are looking forward to     themselves after the exams.（　　）A．work B．working C．relax D．relaxing答案详解：work工作，动词原形；working动名词/现在分词；relax放松，动词原形；relaxing动名词/现在分词。look forward to doing sth"期待做某事"固定搭配。根据after the exams"考试后"，可知，应该是"放松"。填relaxing。所以选 ：D。（句子大意：大多数学生都期待着考试后放松自己。）
1．Paul is really considering _____himself to_____ those children in the earthquake﹣hit area．（　　）A．to devote， teaching B．devoting， teaching C．devoting， teach D．to devote， teach2．—Do you prefer            basketball with me？—No，I'd rather          at home and watch TV．（　　）A．play； stay B．to play； to stay C．play； to stay D．to play； stay3．He made up his mind to devote his life _______ pollution _______ happily．（　　）A．to prevent；to live B．to prevent；from living C．to preventing；to live D．to preventing；from living—Hurry up，Jason! We're going to the cinema，but the clothes still need          .—Don't worry. I think thirty minutes          enough.（　　）A．washing；are B．to wash；are C．to wash；is D．washing；is答案详解：衣服是被洗，need doing表示被动，thirty minutes看作一个整体，谓语动词要用第三人称单数。所以选 ：D。（句子大意：﹣快点，杰森！我们要去看电影，但是衣服还需要洗。 ﹣别担心。我认为三十分钟足够了。）1．Don't throw away the waste paper．It needs ________．（　　）A．to recycle B．recycling C．recycle2．Your hair is so long that you should have it ________．（　　）A．cuts B．cut C．cutting D．to cut3．Our school will spend 7 thousand yuan ________the old classroom _______.（　　）A．have；repair B．to have；repaired C．having；repaired D．in having；repair错1．They are made ___________ for 14 hours a day．（　　）A．work B．to work C．worked D．working2．Jane is my new pen pal，I often look forward to ______ her e﹣mail．（　　）A．receive B．receives C．receiving D．received3．I'm sleepy．I prefer __________ at home to going out for a walk．（　　）A．sleeping B．to sleep C．slept D．sleep4．Many old men prefer __________ in a peaceful countryside．（　　）A．to live B．living C．live D．lived5．The camera doesn't work so I must have it            ．（　　）A．repair B．repaired C．repairs D．repairing6．The robot needs________. You'd better________.A．repairing； have it repair B．to be repaired； have it repaired C．repairing； have it to repair D．to be repaired； have it repairing7．How much do you know about the girl     beside Ms Liu just now？（　　）A．stood B．to stand C．stands D．standing8．A new high﹣speed railway station _______ Yangzhou ____ Shanghai will be built soon.（　　）A．connecting；to B．connected；to C．connects；with D．connected；and9．      your study skills，you should know the best way you can study.（　　）A．Develop B．Developing C．To develop10．—Why are you so excited？—Peter invited me _________ on a trip to Nanshan Mountain.（　　）A．go B．to go C．going D．went11．It's careless__________ you__________ the same mistake again.（　　）A．of；to make B．for；to make C．of；making D．for；making12．When we're under a lot of stress， we need something that enables us_______relaxed.（　　）A．feel B．to feel C．to feeling D．feeling13．—I often see David play basketball after school.—Yes，he is often seen __________basketball after school.（　　）A．play B．plays C．to play D．playing14．Stop ________，boys and girls. It's time for class.（　　）A．talk B．to talk C．talking15．—What do you feel like _______，tea or coffee？—_____. I'd like a glass of orange.（　　）A．to drink；Neither B．drinking；Both C．to drink；Either D．drinking；Neither16．—I'm sorry to hear that Jeff didn't pass the English and Chinese exams this term.—Mom warned him ________ too much time on the Internet，but he didn't listen to her.（　　）A．to spend B．not to spend C．spending D．not spending17．—Hurry up，or we'll be late for the movie.—One moment. I have to get these dishes ________ first.（　　）A．wash B．to wash C．washed18．We should do what we can ________ the students safe on their way to school.（　　）A．keep B．to keep C．keeping19．Fujian held "Fu" Culture Creative Design ________ its culture.（　　）A．spreads B．spreading C．to spread20．The villagers tried everything they can _________ the factory ________ the river.（　　）A．to prevent；polluting B．stop；from polluting C．to keep；polluting21．—Jenny，you should practice as often as you can ________ the piano competition.—Sure. Thanks for your advice.（　　）A．fail B．to win C．winning22．_____ against the COVID﹣19，people should avoid going to public places which are full of people.（　　）A．Fighting B．To fight C．Fight23．________ healthy，I usually take exercise on weekends.（　　）A．Staying B．To stay C．Stay D．Stays24．We were made ________ our temperature at school every day after the epidemic（疫情） broke out.（　　）A．take B．taking C．to take D．takes25．The Olympic spirit encourages players from around the world ________ fighting and never give up.（　　）A．keep B．keeps C．keeping D．to keep26．He decided _______ during the "golden week" in May because of the COVID﹣19 pandemic（新冠流行病）.（　　）A．to not travel B．not to travel C．not travelling D．travelling27．I remember  　putting　my key into my bag，but now it's not there!（put）28．—The boy lives a happy life，he is often heard ________ again and again.—Laughing can make us ________.（　　）A．laugh；relaxed B．to laugh；relaxed C．to laugh；to relax D．laugh；relax29．—Did you forget _____ off the light when you left the room just now？—No，I remember _____ that，Mum.（　　）A．to turn；to do B．turning；to do C．to turn；doing D．turning；doing30．﹣﹣We all had to avoid          during the COVID﹣19（新型冠状病毒 ）.﹣﹣Yes，it's a good way to stop the spread of it.（　　）A．going out B．staying at home C．washing hands D．opening the window31．      students know the importance of team spirit，our school has as sports meeting every year.（　　）A．Help B．Helping C．To help D．Helped