江西省南昌市2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解+

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江西省南昌市
2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
四、阅读理解(46分)
请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（每小题2分）
A
Postings
Eggs for Sale
Nancy Miller, VT Road 22a, Grassland
Announcement
Send me a message if you're interested in local eggs for sale in Grassland.
$3. 00/carton(硬纸盒)
Also looking for egg cartons for return. Let me know if you have any.
Part-time Cleaner Job Available in Brandon
Paid Ad
The Brandon Library wants a cleaner for 20-25 hours weekly. Duties include usual room cleaning. We have a staff of 17.
Email: Mike Smith@brandonlibrary. com
Tel: 783-3470
Many Copies of National Geographic Magazine
Ann Green Webster Road, Hartland
Free items
FREE Copies of National Geographic Magazines over many years.
Email: anngreen@gmail. com
Tel: 6237424.
Mountain Bike Missing
Leicester No. 2199, Sandy Brown
Feb. 27, 2022
I lost a blue mountain bike a week ago. Please message me if you have information. There is a reward(奖励) for its safe return.

35．Who is giving away free magazines?
A．Nancy Miller. B．Mike Smith. C．Ann Green. D．Sandy Brown.
36．When did the mountain bike go missing?
A．On February 27. B．On February 20.
C．On February 17. D．On March. 6.
37．Which of the following is true according to the postings above?
A．Nancy doesn't need any egg cartons.
B．Brandon Library needs a 17-year-old cleaner.
C．You can call Ann if you see her mountain bike.
D．Whoever returns the bike safely will be rewarded.
B

Pablo Picasso(毕加索) drew pictures before he could talk. As a child, he sat happily with his paper and pencils and drew for hours. His father was a painter. He was very happy that his son liked to draw, but he did not know that one day Pablo would be one of the greatest artists in the world.
Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga, Spain. He was a very bad student, and he hated school. Instead of studying, he drew pictures. When he was only eight years old, he finished his first oil painting. It had beautiful colors. Picasso never sold this painting.
When Pablo was 14, his family moved to Barcelona. He wanted to go to the school of Fine Arts. To get into the school, a student had to finish a painting in one month. Picasso finished his painting in one day.
When he was 18, Picasso went to live in Paris. He was very poor at first. He lived in a small room and painted with only the light of a candle. Sometimes he did not even have money for a candle. Pablo Picasso had a strong personality. He believed in himself. He created one piece of art after another. He met important people, and they began to buy his work. Finally, Picasso became rich and famous.
Picasso lived a long life. He never stopped working. He painted 200 pictures the year he was 90 years old. He was still working on the day he died at the age of 92. Picasso left the world a huge collection of art.
38．When did Picasso decide to attend the school of Fine Arts?
A．In 1881. B．In 1889. C．In 1895. D．In 1899.
39．What is Picasso like according to the passage?
A．Talented, hardworking and confident. B．Proud, brave and kind.
C．Creative, warm-hearted and helpful. D．Smart, humorous and careful.
40．Put Picasso’s life events in the correct time order.
a. Painted with the light of a candle.
b. Painted 200 pictures.
c. Finished his first oil painting.
d. Became rich and famous.
e. Moved to Barcelona.
A．e-d-b-a-c B．c-e-a-d-b C．a-c-e-b-d D．c-a-e-d-b
C
For quite a while, people have held the idea that “made in China” meant cheap, low-quality goods. China was just the world’s factory. But now Chinese brands are going global and well received.
Time magazine recently released(发布) a list of the 100 most influential(有影响力的) companies in the world. Several Chinese companies were included, such as tech giants Alibaba, Huawei, Tencent, DJI, TikTok and DiDi Chuxing.
These companies are shaping the world with advanced(先进的) technology. Time reported that DJI holds 70 percent of the global drone(无人机) market. This year, it launched(上市) a new drone with a set of glasses that give users a first—person view of their drone’s flight. TikTok has become one of the most popular apps in the US with its never—ending stream of videos.
Chinese fashion has also attracted global consumers(消费者) . In 2011, Chinese sneaker brands Feiyue, Huili and Li—Ning got international attention. More recently, Shein has become one of the most popular Chinese fast fashion brands abroad. Many European consumers say Shein is affordable, fashionable and of high quality.
In the future, Chinese brands will continue to develop. Thanks to a bigger market, it improved supply chains(供应链) and efficient(高效的) production. The Local brands have their best time for the development.
41．Why are Chinese tech companies successful?
A．They are based in China. B．Their products are at a good price.
C．They have advanced technology. D．They produce fashionable products.
42．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The drone. B．The DJI company.
C．Time magazine. D．The global drone market.
43．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?
A．Local brands are gradually developing. B．Chinese brands have a bright future.
C．The Chinese market is growing bigger. D．The supply chains have greatly improved.
44．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．China, the World’s Factory B．The Successful Companies
C．Chinese Fashion Goes Global D．“Made in China” Means Quality
D
Fireworks were invented in China in the 7th century. A group of Taoists(道士) were trying to create a medicine that would make people live forever. Instead, they invented gunpowder(火药) by accident. From then on, it was always used for fireworks.
Today, fireworks mark celebrations all over the world. From ancient China to the New World, fireworks have developed a lot. The very first fireworks didn’t do much more than pop(爆炸), but modern ones can create lots of shapes, many colors and different sounds. People shoot fireworks into the sky when they are celebrating a great event. It fills the dark sky with bright reds, blues, yellows, greens and whites.
Fireworks give joy and pleasure to millions of people every year, but they have to be treated with great care because they are perilous. Get too close to it and it could burn you badly or even kill you. That’s why the sale and use of fireworks is restricted(限制) by law in many countries. If you’re having anything to do with fireworks, be sure to read and follow all the safety instructions.
Often movie or television cartoons show fireworks to mark the excitement of any event or activity. One such event is falling in love. If anything can produce fireworks, it is a sweetheart’s kiss or the touch of a lover’s hand.
Fireworks can also be a useful expression. It means a great show of noisy anger. For example, when one wants to stop a loud argument, he may say, “I want no more of these fire works in this room.”
Whether you are excited or angry, there are always fireworks.
45．What can we know about the very first fireworks according to the passage?
A．They can create many shapes. B．They can make different sounds.
C．They can hardly do anything but pop. D．They can fill the sky with different colors.
46．What does the underlined word “perilous” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Serious. B．Popular. C．Dangerous. D．Convenient.
47．What’s the purpose of the passage?
A．To explain how fireworks were invented.
B．To ask people to treat fireworks with great care.
C．To show the joy and pleasure fireworks bring to people.
D．To introduce fireworks and their use in different situations.
48．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A． B． C． D．
E
As a teenager, you must make good use of your young age to think what’s best for your future. Choosing your job is one of the most important and difficult decisions you will make in life. All of us want to enjoy what we do for a living. But for a job to provide satisfaction, it must give the reward a person wants and rewards are different for different people. Getting the highest possible salary(薪水) is the most important thing for some people. Others get their greatest satisfaction from helping other people, working with their hands, or solving challenging problems.
________ It is your responsibility to plan for the future und take the necessary steps to reach your goals. Using every tool available can help you bring out the best of your hidden working abilities.
In many ways, job happiness depends on being yourself. That’s why it is important to consider properly and carefully of your interests, skills, natural abilities, and personality traits(品质). How can you get a clearer picture of jobs that match your personal qualities? Take a look at your grades in school, your free-time activities, and the part-time jobs you’ve done.
A job guidance counselor(指导顾问) can also be very helpful. A few meetings with one of these skilled professionals may open up exciting possibilities you hadn’t considered. What’s more, you can still get helpful information from your teachers and parents. Advice from loved ones can go far as long as you will follow it. In the end, it’s you that have the final say on what you should do with your lives.
49．How many examples of rewards are mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．4 B．3 C．2 D．1
50．Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “________” in Paragraph 2.
A．Asking for good advice isn’t always easy. B．Knowing your own abilities is important.
C．Believing in yourself is the key to success. D．Finding the right job needs to plan wisely.
51．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．Job guidance counselors enjoy meetings.
B．Getting helpful advice can be very difficult.
C．Teachers offer better information than parents.
D．It’s important to follow advice from loved ones.
52．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Different ways to get happiness in our lives.
B．Advice on finding the right job for teenagers.
C．Teenagers have to think about their own lives.
D．Teenagers have problems finding the right job.
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中使短文意思通顺结构完整，并在答题卡上将其序号涂黑。一空一句。
When you think about it, sleep is quite strange. Most adults lie down in bed, close their eyes, and just don’t move—for about 6-8 hours! This means that, one third of the time that we spend on Earth is spent sleeping! ____53____
Sleep serves several purposes which are important to our brains and bodies. Our brains produce some waste as it does its daily activities. ____54____ So, if it’s bad, how do we get rid of it? Well, sleep actually plays a very important role in cleaning out our brains at night. This effectively(有效地) pushes out the waste! As a result, you wake up.
____55____ Actually, not getting enough sleep can make it more difficult to form memories. If you want to remember something, maybe a good night’s sleep is what you need!
____56____ Several studies have found a clear link(联系) between getting less sleep and weight improvement. However, some people also lost muscle! This makes it a big problem for athletes—it’s hard to perform well if you’re physically weaker. Besides, lack of sleep can also cause certain health problems like heart disease later in life.
What does this mean for us? ____57____ We really need to be making an effort to get the suggested 6-8 hours of sleep every night, and with the amount of new smart technologies for tracking(追踪) our health, it’s now easier than ever to make sure that we’re getting enough high quality(品质) sleep.
A．Sleep is very important for athletes.
B．Sleep also helps us with our memories.
C．But what is sleep and how does it work?
D．Sleep is important for our weight as well!
E．This helps the brain produce more memories.
F．Well, that sleep is quite important for both our physical and mental(精神的) health.
G．Too much of this can actually cause problems with mental health.

2021年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
四、阅读理解（46分）
A) 请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（每小题2分）
A
Evening of the Arts
White River School invites you for an evening of the arts on December 13th
8th Grade Art Show: in the school hall, 6:00-8:00 p.m.
The school concert: 7:00-8:00 p.m.
Dance Party
Vermont Farm Show
Fri., February 22nd, 6-9 p.m.
The Town Hall, Main St. in Montpelier
There will be Live Dance Music by the
Green Mountain Boys
Pay at the door: $6
Pay online: $5
Hot dogs, red beans and rice provided.
Bring food if you can.
Come join us at Champlain Valley Park for concerts, farm products and magic shows with your family and friends!
Time:
Tuesday, August 4: 9:00 a.m.—5:00 p.m.
Wednesday, August 5: 8:30 a.m.—7:30 p.m.
Thursday, August 6: 9:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m.
FREE admission (入场费)
FREE parking
Find more about us at www vtfarmshow. com

35. Where can we see magic shows?
A. In the Town Hall. B. At White River School.
C. At the Dance Party. D. At Champlain Valley Park.
36. How much does a ticket cost for the dance party if paid online?
A. $1. B. $5. C. $6. D. $11.
37. Which of the following is true?
A. You must bring food to the Dance Party.
B. The Vermont Farm Show lasts for 3 days.
C. All 3 events take place in the same season.
D. The Art Show and the school concert start at the same time.
B
The Empire State Building may be the most famous building in New York City. It is 1,454 feet tall. Many people think it is the tallest building in the world. This was true when it was built in 1931. In 1970, when the World Trade Center was built, that became the tallest building. Now, the Empire State Building is the fourth tallest building in the U. S. and the 23rd tallest in the world. Inside the building is mostly offices and stores.
People can go to the top of the building, where there is an observation deck (观测台). From the top, there are beautiful views of New York City, especially at night. Most people take one of 73 elevators to the top. It takes less than one minute by elevator to get to the 80th floor. That is where there is a gift shop. Some people walk 1,860 steps to the top. Every year there is even a race, with people competing to see who can walk up to the top the fastest.
At night, the top of the Empire State Building is lit up in different colors. It is red and green on Christmas, red for the Chinese New Year, and blue for Hanukkah. On the Fourth of July it is red, white, and blue.
38. When was the Empire State Building the tallest in the world?
A. In 1454. B. in 1860. C. In 1931. D. In 1970.
39. Why do most people go to the Empire State Building?
A. To go to work. B. To visit the gift shop.
C. To enjoy the views of New York City. D. To compete in the race of walking to the top.
40. What can we learn about the Empire State Building from the passage?
A. There are more than 73 elevators in the building.
B. It takes less than I minute to get to the gift shop by elevator.
C. The lights on the top of the building have less than four colors.
D. It’s best to enjoy the views of the city from the top of the building during the day.
C
Joel Connor works in an office in Kansas. His job is typical nine-to-five, Monday-to-Friday job. So at the weekend, he does something different. He does voluntary work. He helps different organizations and people for free. Every weekend there’s a new project. This weekend, Joel is helping to build a house. He’s moving a large blue panel. It’s part of a wall. Joel isn’t a professional builder, but that’s the interesting thing about this project. The other people are “weekend builders” too.
These “weekend builders” are from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago, a tornado (龙卷风) hit their town. After the tornado, the community started project to build new homes. It is for 30 new homes. They have help from a building company and a group of volunteers.
Joel says, “I heard about the tornado and the new project. I knew some people in Greensburg. I wanted to help.” Joel’s friends are here this weekend too. They’re on the roof. They’re working with Jill and Scott Eller. Jill and Scott are building their “dream house”. Jill is standing near her new house. She’s holding a part of the new wall. They’re making the house “tornado-resistant (抵抗的)”—that’s why it has an unusual shape.
The Ellers’ house is almost ready, so next weekend, Joel is moving to a different project. Why does he do voluntary work? “I have time. I can help people. I make friends and it’s fun! So why not?” he says.
41. What can we learn about Joel Connor from Paragraph 1?
A. He is a professional builder. B. He works for free on weekends.
C. He works from nine to five on weekends. D. He is building himself a house this weekend.
42. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The town. B. The tornado. C. The project. D. The community.
43. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Joel doesn’t know anyone in Greensburg. B. A building company started the new project.
C. The “dream house” still needs a lot of work. D. The “dream house” is going to be very strong.
44. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Life after Tornado B. New Projects in Greensburg
C. Building Your Dream House D. A Different Kind of Weekend
D
People never stop looking for an explanation on what they lose and gain in life. In 1977, Bridge to Terabithia (《仙境之桥》) was published, offering new answer.
Like other boys in his class, Jesse Aarons’ dream is to become the fastest runner in the fifth grade. He has been practicing all summer. But on the first day of school, a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns (超过) everyone.That’s not a very good beginning for a friendship, but Jesse and Leslie Burke soon become best friends. With endless imagination and optimism (乐观), Leslie brings happiness to Jesse, who has been lonely and blue.
Together, they create Terabithia, a magical kingdom in the woods, where they act as king and queen. Unfortunately, a terrible thing happens one morning. Jesse hurts his heart. However, this tragedy (悲剧) makes him understand the courage Leslie has given him.
Having had an unhappy childhood herself, Katherine Paterson, this book’s author, would usually give her characters a lonely life. Then she would give them rising hope and happiness. But in order to create “ups and downs” and show her own ideas, the US writer would take away what those characters had gained and end the book with a deep theme. Paterson is good at showing characters’ feelings. Readers can feel the sadness when characters lose something beautiful. Paterson writes novels for teenagers, so their language is not hard for Chinese students. Why not try to read the book?
45. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?
A. Jesse is always optimistic. B. Leslie runs even faster than Jesse.
C. Jesse dreams of being a runner in the future D. Leslie has been Jesse’s best friend from an early age.
46. What does the underlined word “blue” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. sad B. fair C. surprised D. unhealthy
47. How does Jesse understand the courage Leslie has given him?
A. By hurting Leslie. B. By acting as the king.
C. By creating Terabithia. D. By having a terrible experience.
48. Put the events about Jesse in the correct order.
a. Jesse hurts his heart. b. Jesse is outrun by a girl.
c. Jesse practices running all summer. d. Jesse creates Terabithia with Leslie.
e. Jesse makes friends with Leslie Burke.
A. c-d-b-e-a B. b-c-e-a-d C. c-b-e-d-a D. b-e-a-d-c
E
Buttons seem to be everywhere: on our shirts, the remote control, our jackets, and our phones. (Okay, not so many on the phone anymore!) They can be round or square or spider-shaped, made of wood or plastic, having stickers (贴纸图案) on them or numbers, and we see them everywhere. But where did they come from? What were they first made for?
The English word “button” comes from the French verb bouter, which means “to push.” But before buttons got their English name they were used mostly as decoration (装饰) on clothes and jewelry. The earliest buttons were made of animal bones, hors (角), and skin.
Are buttons Useless? Buttons aren’t exactly pointless even if in some cases they just serve a decorative purpose. Do this quick exercise: count the number of buttons on a man’s (suit) jacket-front, pockets, sleeves (袖子), and the rest of the jacket. They were placed there not because of their functionality (功能), but because someone, centuries ago, thought they looked good. Hundreds of years later, they are still with us.
Fun Facts about Buttons
● Did you know that the word button is a relative of the verb “to butt”, which also means “to push”?
● Button collecting is very popular hobby. The National Button Society was formed in 1939 in Chicago. There are also many local button clubs all over the United States!
● Till the 18th century, buttons were very expensive. Only the rich could wear them, and they were status (地位) symbol.
● The Waterbury Button Museum in Waterbury Connecticut, and The Button Room in Gurnee, Illinois, have large collections of buttons. The “button room” was an actual room in Elizabeth Hewitt’s house in Gurnee, where she loved telling stories about her collection of buttons.
49. What were the earliest buttons made of according to the passage?
A. Plastic. B. Paper. C. Bones. D. Stones.
50. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. How people like buttons. B. What buttons look like.
C. How buttons were invented. D. What buttons are used for.
51. Why does the author ask the readers to do the quick exercise in Paragraph 3?
A. To show the functionality of the buttons.
B. To find out the number of buttons used on the man’s jacket.
C. To show that buttons are used on different parts of the jacket.
D. To show that buttons serve only decorative purpose in some cases.
52. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. The shape of the buttons is either round or square.
B. The word “button” is a relative of the French verb “to butt”
C. The National Button Society was also named The Button Room.
D. Buttons were once symbol of status and were quite expensive.
B) 请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从文后的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整，并在答题卡上将其序号涂黑。（每小题2分）
Where do fruits and vegetables come from? When we go to the grocery store, there are shelves of carrots, lettuce, and broccoli. All of this produce comes from farms. Sometimes those farms are very far away.____53____ The lettuce could be grown in Mexico. Trucks, ships, and pianes bring food from all over the world to a grocery store near you.
But there are also farms close by. ____54____ His name was Barry Benepe, and he lived in New York City. Grocery stores in New York bought their vegetables from far away and didn’t want to buy vegetables from the nearby farms. Barry knew there had to be a way to sell local vegetables to New Yorkers. “What if the farmers could bring the vegetables to the city themselves?” he asked.
____55____ At first the government had doubts. It wasn’t sure New Yorkers would care enough to buy the vegetables from local farmers instead of the grocery store. But Barry convinced the city officials, and they agreed to help. The new farmers’ market was called a “Greenmarket”.
“The success of the market is touching and smelling the fruits and vegetables,” said Barry. New Yorkers agreed. ____56____ By 2013, New York City had 54 farmers’ markets. They were in every part of the city and on every day of the week.
Now the farmers’ markets in New York City don’t just sell vegetables and fruits. ____57____ All of the foods at the farmers’ markets still come from farms that are close by. Not only does this help the farmers, it makes less pollution.
A. Barry took his idea to the city government.
B. However, people didn’t like the idea of buying local foods.
C. What’s more, people were tired of going out and searching foods.
D. They loved the Greenmarket so much that they wanted more farmers’ markets.
E. For example, many of the grapes sold in the US are grown in South America.
F. You can also buy meat bread, yogurt, eggs, milk, vegetables and pastries.
G. In the 1970s one man thought that we should be eating more food from local farms.

2020年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
四、阅读理解
A）请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。
A
Wonderful Events
Horse Racing All Year Round
Races starting at 3 pm every Sunday
Racetrack only 20 miles away
Lots of free parking space
Free presents
No children allowed
100 Years Of Pictures
Then & now （photo show）
See the history pictures （1917 -2017）
February 1-April 30
City Art Museum 750 High Street
Tuesday to Sunday, 10 am-5 pm
Weekend Sales
This Saturday 2-6 pm
Everything 20%-40% off
Visit us at Block G. Grandview Mall
Realize your dreams, save time and money
Fall in love with prices we offer
Dance Party
Celebrate special date
Bringing your sweet heart
Sunday night, country club
Live band from 9 pm-1 am
$25 a couple; $15 a single person

34．What can we do if we are only free between 5 pm and 6 pm this Saturday?A．Go to the horse race.
B．Go to the photo show.
C．Go to the dance party
D．Go to the weekend sales.
35．How much will Mr. and Mrs. Smith pay if they go to the dance party?
A．15 dollars. B．25 dollars. C．30 dollars. D．50 dollars.
36．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Children are allowed to the horse race.
B．The photo show will last for four months.
C．The Weekend Sales is only on this Saturday.
D．You can't go to the dance party by yourself.

B
If you go to the beautiful city of New Orleans, you will see a statue（雕像）which stands in a little square there. It is the statue of a woman whose eyes look at you like your mother's.
It is the statue of a woman named Margaret Haughery. When Margaret was a tiny baby, her father and mother died, and she was adopted by two young people as poor and as kind as her own parents. She lived with them until she grew up. Then she married, and had a little baby of her own. But very soon her husband died, and then her baby died, too, and Margaret was all alone in the world. She was poor, but she was strong, and knew how to work.
Later, there came a great sickness in the city. And so many mothers and fathers died that there were more orphans than the asylums（收容所）could possibly take care of.
Margaret decided to help them. She gave them part of her wages every week and worked for them. Margaret was so good at doing business that, a few years later, she earned more money. And then she built a home for orphan babies, she called it her baby house.
When Margaret died people were surprised to find that, with all her giving, she had still saved a great deal of money, and that she had left every penny of it to the different orphan asylums of the city!
And then the people of New Orleans made a statue of her, in memory of the great love and the great power of plain Margaret Haughery.
37．What does the underlined word "adopted" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Watched B．Trained. C．Raised D．Given.
38．How did Margaret earn money mostly?
A．By doing business.
B．By teaching children.
C．By building a house.
D．By taking care of orphans.
39．What can we know from the 5th paragraph of the passage?
A．Margaret saved very few money.
B．Margaret gave away all her money.
C．Margaret spent most of her money for herself.
D．Margaret's business wasn't quite successful.
40．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．Margaret helps orphans in her life.
B．A statue which stands in a little square.
C．How Margaret became rich by doing business.
D．People made a statue of Margaret in memory of her.

C
Public schools across the country have been on a health look since 2010. Thanks to a new law, students said goodbye to unhealthy food and hello to better eating habits in school. They also have been exercising more during the school day.
It's up to schools to decide how they follow the law. Many places require schools to provide healthy choices for lunch. In Tennessee, most schools removed（移除）sugary snacks and soft drinks from vending machines（自动贩卖机）. Instead of them, there are more nutritious（有营养的）choices, such as granola bars, nuts, water, and juice.
In Florida, Missouri, and Texas, some schools have rules that ban（禁止）desserts such as cupcakes and lollipops from parties. Instead, school officials encourage teachers and parents to provide more nutritious food.
To get kids to exercise more, the northwestern Minnesota district of Perham Dent added more physical activity to the school day. Many schools also make sure that kids have break every day.
The goals of the law are to improve good health and to reduce obesity（肥胖）. Obesity is the condition of being very overweight. Being obese can lead to serious health problems later in life. Experts say the number of children aged 6-11 years old who were obese more than doubled from 1980 to 2012, and the number of obese young people aged 12-19 years old have increased 4 times in the same time period.
“We know that adults who are very overweight get sick more often and lose time at work.” Julia Lear, the director of the Center for Health and Health Care in Schools, told WR News. “The best thing to do is to get kids in the habit of getting lots of exercise and eating healthy meals.”
41．What is the new law about?
A．Study habit B．Test score.
C．Health problem. D．School environment.
42．What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．New laws. B．School cafeterias.
C．Sugary snacks and soft drinks. D．Granola bars, nuts, water, and juice.
43．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Schools must make the same rules to follow the new law.
B．Most schools in Tennessee no longer sell soft drinks in their vending machines.
C．Parents are encouraged to provide more cupcakes for kids in some schools in Texas.
D．The number of kids aged 6-11 who were obese became smaller from 1980 to 2012.
44．What can obesity cause according to the passage?
A．Hair loss. B．Stomachache.
C．Hearing loss. D．Getting sick more often.

D
Thanks to our mastery（精通）of engineering and technology, the world is changing at a lightning quick pace, much quicker than ever before.
Engineers design and create things like machines, structures and processes. They use a combination（结合）of math and science to make these things work（or make them work better）Engineers change the world around us and come up with technologies and creative solutions to make our lives more comfortable, and make the world a better place.
Cool jobs in engineering and technology.
Engineers affect almost every area of our lives. Let's take a look at some of the coolest jobs you can do as an engineer.
●Roller coaster engineer
Have you ever visited a theme park and thought how cool it would be to create your own roller coaster? Well, that's the job of engineers-from designing them to analyzing the speed and weight of the roller coasters to make sure they are safe and run smoothly. What a scream!
●3D printing specialist
The future is all about 3D printing. As the technology becomes more widespread, it'll be used to print everything from food to prosthetic limbs（假肢）. Engineers such as software specialists and machine programmers will be in high demand to run this new technology.
●Space exploration engineer
From designing the powerful rockets to send deep into space to building and programming rovers（探测器）that can find out water on planets like Mars, engineers are at the center of space exploration and at the heart of what companies like space organizations like（美国国家航空航天局）do. Out of this world!
45．What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．Engineer is a fun job.
B．Engineers are friendly.
C．Engineers make the world better.
D．Engineers can create many machines.
46．What do engineers work for according to the passage?
A．To make sure the roller coasters are safe and run smoothly.
B．To show they have the coolest job such as designing the rockets.
C．To design and create things like machines, structures and processes.
D．To make our life more comfortable and make the world a better place.
47．As for 3-D printing, what can we get from the passage?
A．We've already used 3D printing for a long time.
B．There will be more software specialists and machine programmers.
C．We can't use 3D printing to print things like vegetables in the future.
D．3D printing technology can be used to find out water on planets like Mars.
48．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Out of the world!
B．The coolest jobs in the world.
C．Engineering makes the world better.
D．We master engineering and technology.

B）请先阅读下面短文掌握其大意然后根据短文内容从下面七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整，并在答题卡上将其序号涂黑。
Think of a pond with water, rocks, and mud. Animals live there. Plants grow all around it. Rain falls into the pond, or the sun shines above it.
A pond is an ecosystem. Ecosystems are places where living things-animals and plants-exist with nonliving things, such as water and soil. ___49___
Sometimes, outside plants or animals are brought into an ecosystem. These outsiders are called invaders（入侵者）. They can cause real trouble.
Here is an example. ___50___ They live in South America, but some people brought a group of them to the US. These people wanted to use nutria fur（皮毛）to make coats.
The nutria were kept on animal farms, but some escaped. ___51___ In the wetlands od Louisiana and Maryland, these giant groups of nutria ate up plants that other animals in the ecosystem had left alone. They chewed up bulrush（芦苇）plants, including the roots, By doing that, nutria ruined the soil, making it very difficult for some new plants to grow. ___52___
U.S. wildlife experts have tried to reduce the number of nutria. ___53___ Some areas have even gotten rid of all the nutria there. But where the nutria still remain, they continue eating up parts of the wetlands.
A．Nutria are small, furry water animals.
B．In some areas, their plans have worked.
C．Nutria are harmful to the ecosystem in the US.
D．Everything in an ecosystem affects everything else.
E．As a result, a lot of land in Maryland are now damaged.
F．All of them were captured（捕获）thanks to the local police.
G．They had so many babies that soon there were millions of nutria!

答案：
2022年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
35．C
36．B
37．D

【导语】
本文是四则时文广告。
35．
细节理解题。根据“Many Copies of National Geographic Magazine...Ann Green Webster Road, Hartland...FREE Copies of National Geographic Magazines over many years.”可知Ann Green在免费赠送杂志，故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“Feb. 27, 2022...I lost a blue mountain bike a week ago. ”可知写这个广告时间是2月27日，一周前是2月20日，故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据“I lost a blue mountain bike a week ago. Please message me if you have information. There is a reward(奖励) for its safe return.”可知谁安全归还自行车，就会得到奖励。故选D。
38．C
39．A
40．B

【导语】
本文主要介绍了画家毕加索的生平事迹及绘画技术。
38．
细节理解题。根据“Pablo Picasso was born in 1881 in Malaga”以及“When Pablo was 14, his family moved to Barcelona. He wanted to go to the school of Fine Arts.”可知，毕加索在14岁的时候想去上美术学院，也就是在1881+14=1895年。故选C。
39．
细节理解题。根据“Pablo Picasso drew pictures before he could talk.”可知，毕加索对画画是很有天赋的；根据“He never stopped working. He painted 200 pictures the year he was 90 years old.”可知，毕加索很勤奋；根据“He believed in himself. He created one piece of art after another. ”可知，毕加索很有自信。故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“When he was only eight years old, he finished his first oil painting.”可知，毕加索八岁的时候完成了他的第一幅油画，即c排第一，排除AC选项；再根据“When Pablo was 14, his family moved to Barcelona.”可知，14岁的时候搬家去了巴塞罗那，即e排第二，可排除D选项。故选B。
41．C
42．B
43．B
44．D

【导语】
本文讲述了中国制造从最开始被人认为是廉价、低质量的商品到如今中国品牌正在走向全球，价格实惠且质量高。
41．
细节理解题。根据“These companies are shaping the world with advanced(先进的) technology.”可知是因为这些公司有先进的技术，故选C。
42．
词义猜测题。根据“DJI holds 70 percent of the global drone(无人机) market. This year, it launched(上市) a new drone with a set of glasses that give users a first—person view of their drone’s flight. ”（DJI 拥有全球70%的无人机市场。今年，该公司推出了一款新型无人机）可知it代指DJI公司，故选B。
43．
段落大意题。根据“In the future, Chinese brands will continue to develop. Thanks to a bigger market, it improved supply chains(供应链) and efficient(高效的) production. The Local brands have their best time for the development.”（未来，中国品牌将继续发展。得益于更大的市场，它改善了供应链和高效生产。当地品牌有其发展的最佳时机。）可知第五段主要讲述了中国品牌有着光明的未来。故选B。
44．
最佳标题题。根据“For quite a while, people have held the idea that “made in China” meant cheap, low-quality goods. China was just the world’s factory. But now Chinese brands are going global and well received.”以及通读全文可知，本文讲述了中国制造从最开始被人认为是廉价、低质量的商品到如今中国品牌正在走向全球，价格实惠且质量高。所以D选项“‘中国制造’意味着质量”最合适，故选D。
45．C
46．C
47．D
48．B

【导语】
本文主要介绍了烟花以及在不同场合的使用。
45．
细节理解题。根据“The very first fireworks didn’t do much more than pop(爆炸),”可知最初的烟花只能产生爆炸，故选C。
46．
词义猜测题。根据“Get too close to it and it could bum you badly or even kill you.”（如果离它太近，它可能会严重伤害你，甚至杀死你。）可知烟花也是很危险的，所以perilous表示“危险的”，故选C。
47．
主旨大意题。根据“Fireworks give joy and pleasure to millions of people every year”（烟火每年给数百万人带来欢乐和乐趣）、“Often movie or television cartoons show fireworks to mark the excitement of any event or activit”（电影或电视动画片通常会燃放烟火，以表示任何事件或活动的兴奋。）、“Fireworks can also be a useful expression. ”（烟花也是一种有用的表达方式。）可知本文主要介绍了烟花以及在不同场合的使用，故选D。
48．
篇章结构题。第一段是介绍烟花是怎么出现的；第二段是介绍烟花的历史；第三段是介绍使用烟花要注意危险；第四段介绍烟花的使用场合；第五段介绍一些关于烟花的表达方式；六段起到点明主旨的作用，D选项符合，故选B。

49．A
50．D
51．D
52．B

【导语】
本文就青少年选择合适的工作工作给出了几条建议。
49．
细节理解题。根据“Getting the highest possible salary is the most important thing for some people. Others get their greatest satisfaction from helping other people, working with their hands, or solving challenging problems.”可知，获得高薪水，帮助他人、亲手工作和解决具有挑战性的问题中获得最大的满足感。一共提到了4个例子。故选A。
50．
词句猜测题。根据“It is your responsibility to plan for the future und take the necessary steps to reach your goals.”可知，本段是和做计划有关。选项D“找到合适的工作需要明智地计划。”符合。故选D。
51．
推理判断题。根据“What’s more, you can still get helpful information from your teachers and parents. Advice from loved ones can go far as long as you will follow it. In the end, it’s you that have the final say on what you should do with your lives.”可知，听从所爱之人的建议很重要。故选D。
52．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文就青少年选择合适的工作工作给出了几条建议。故选B。
53．C
54．F
55．B
56．D
57．G

【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍睡眠的重要性，呼吁我们要有充足的、高质量的睡眠。
53．
根据“This means that, one third of the time that we spend on Earth is spent sleeping!”和下文内容可知，介绍睡眠的相关内容，选项C“但是什么是睡眠，它是如何工作的呢”符合语境，故选C。
54．
根据“Sleep serves several purposes which are important to our brains and bodies.”可知，本段介绍睡眠对我们的大脑和身体有几个重要的作用，选项F“睡眠对我们的身体和心理健康都非常重要”符合语境，故选F。
55．
根据“Actually, not getting enough sleep can make it more difficult to form memories. If you want to remember something, maybe a good night’s sleep is what you need!”可知，睡眠不足会让记忆更加困难，如果你想记住东西，不妨好好睡一觉。选项B“睡眠也有助于我们的记忆”符合语境，故选B。
56．
根据“Several studies have found a clear link(联系) between getting less sleep and weight improvement.”可知，睡眠不足与体重改善之间存在明显联系。选项D“睡眠对我们的体重也很重要”符合语境，故选D。
57．
根据“Besides, lack of sleep can also cause certain health problems like heart disease later in life.”可知，缺乏睡眠还会导致某些健康问题，比如日后的心脏病。此处提到睡眠不足导致健康问题，选项G“这种情况过多会导致心理健康问题”符合语境，故选G。

2021年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
35．D    36．B    37．B

【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三个活动的一些基本情况。
35．细节理解题。根据原文“Come join us at Champlain Valley Park for concerts, farm products and magic shows with your family and friends”可知，在Champlain Valley Park可以享受魔术表演。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据原文“Pay online: $5”可知，舞会门票的网络售价是5美元。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据原文“Vermont Farm Show | Tuesday, August 4 | Wednesday, August 5 | Thursday, August 6”可知，Vermont农场展将举办三天。故选B。
38．C    39．C    40．B

【分析】文章主要介绍了纽约市著名的建筑帝国大厦。
38．细节理解题。由第一段句子“The Empire State Building may be the most famous building...Many people think it is the tallest building in the world. This was true when it was built in 1931 ”可知，帝国大厦在1931年是最高的，故选C。
39．推理判断题。由第二段句子“People can go to the top of the building, where there is an observation deck (观测台). From the top, there are beautiful views of New York City, especially at night.”可知，大多数人去帝国大厦是为了看纽约市的风景，故选C。
40．细节理解题。由第二段句子“It takes less than one minute by elevator to get to the 80th floor. That is where there is a gift shop.”可知，乘电梯不到一分钟就到礼品店，故选B。
41．B    42．C    43．D    44．D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个平凡的志愿者——Joel Connor，他有一份朝九晚五的工作，在每个周末他都做不同的志愿者活动，这个周末他正帮助一个受龙卷风袭击的社区建房子。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“So at the weekend…He helps different organizations and people for free.”可知，Joel在周末免费帮助不同的组织和人们，也就是他免费工作，B选项符合文意。故选B。
42．词句猜测题。根据第二段“After the tornado, the community started project to build new homes. It is for 30 new homes. ”可知，在龙卷风之后，社区开始了建新房子的项目，这个项目要建30个新房子，由此可知，此处的代词it应指代的是上文建新房子的项目。故选C。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段“They’re making the house ‘tornado-resistant’…”可知，他们要建的是能抗龙卷风的房子，由此可知这个“梦想房子”应是很结实的，D选项符合文意。故选D。
44．最佳标题题。根据第一段“So at the weekend, he does something different. ”和本文中心大意可知，Joel经常在周末做一些不同于工作日的事情，而且相对于大部分普通人“平常的”周末来说，他免费帮助人的有意义的周末更像是“不同寻常”的周末，D选项能很好的概括本文内容。故选D。
45．B    46．A    47．D    48．C

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《仙境之桥》的主要内容以及这本小说的作者凯塞琳·帕特森。
45．细节理解题。根据第二段“…a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns everyone.”可知，女孩（即Leslie）在操场男孩们的一侧穿过，跑得比任何人都快，她超过的“任何人”中就包括男孩Jesse，所以Leslie跑得甚至比Jesse都要快。故选B。
46．词句猜测题。根据第二段“…Leslie brings happiness to Jesse…”可知，Leslie给Jesse带去了快乐，也就是说Jesse原本应是孤独的、悲伤的，所以“blue”应是“悲伤的”的意思。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, a terrible thing happens one morning. Jesse hurts his heart. However, this tragedy makes him understand the courage Leslie has given him.”可知，这个悲剧，也就是发生了糟糕的事情（有了糟糕的经历），使得Jesse明白Leslie给他的勇气。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据第二段“He has been practicing all summer. But on the first day of school, a girl crosses over to the boys’ side of the playground and outruns everyone.”可知，Jesse已经练习跑步一整个夏天，但是在开学的第一天他还是被一个女生超过了；由此可知，Jesse练习跑步是最先发生的，然后是Jesse被一个女生超过，也是说c是开始的事情，接着是b，选项中只有C选项是以c-b开头。故选C。
49．C    50．D    51．D    52．D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纽扣的发展史。
49．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“The earliest buttons were made of animal bones, hors (角), and skin.”可知最早的纽扣是用动物的骨头、马和皮肤做成的。故选C。
50．段落大意题。根据文中第三段“Are buttons Useless? Buttons aren’t exactly pointless, even if in some cases they just serve a decorative purpose. Do this quick exercise: count the number of buttons on a man’s (suit) jacket-front, pockets, sleeves , and the rest of the jacket…”可知按钮并非毫无意义，即使在某些情况下它们只是起到装饰作用。做这个快速练习:数一数男士(套装)夹克前面、口袋、袖子和其他部分的纽扣数。可见本段主要从不同方面讲述纽扣的用途。故选D。
51．推理判断题。根据文中第三段“Buttons aren’t exactly pointless, even if in some cases they just serve a decorative purpose. Do this quick exercise: count the number of buttons on a man’s (suit) jacket-front, pockets, sleeves (袖子), and the rest of the jacket. ”可知纽扣并非毫无意义，即使在某些情况下它们只是起到装饰作用。做这个快速练习:数一数男士(套装)夹克前面、口袋、袖子和其他部分的纽扣数。可以推测出作者要求读者做这个练习是为了说明纽扣有时在某些情况下只起装饰作用。故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“They can be round or square or spider-shaped…”可知纽扣可以是圆形或方形或织网状，故选项A错误；根据文中第二段“The English word “button” comes from the French verb bouter, which means “to push.””可知英语单词“button”来自法语动词“bouter”，意思是“按”，故选项B错误；根据文中Fun Facts about Buttons中的第二点“The National Button Society was formed in 1939 in Chicago.”可知国家纽扣协会于1939年在芝加哥成立，以及第四点“…The Button Room in Gurnee, Illinois…”可知伊利诺斯州格尼的纽扣屋，可见这两个是不同的地方，故选项C错误；根据文中Fun Facts about Buttons的第三点“Till the 18th century, buttons were very expensive. Only the rich could wear them, and they were status (地位) symbol.”可知直到18世纪，纽扣都非常昂贵。只有富人才能穿它们，它们是地位的象征。故选项D正确。故选D。
53．E    54．G    55．A    56．D    57．F

【分析】本文讲述了农贸市场的水果和蔬菜，详细地介绍了纽约的农贸市场情况。
53．根据“Where do fruits and vegetables come from?”可知，在询问水果和蔬菜来自哪里，结合选项，可知选项E“例如，在美国销售的很多葡萄都是在南美洲种植的。”符合情景。故选E。
54．分析此段可知，此空应是起到承上启下的作用，根据“ Barry knew there had to be a way to sell local vegetables to New Yorkers.”可知，在描述想把当地的蔬菜卖到纽约，结合选项，可知选项G“在20世纪70年代，一个人认为我们应该吃更多来自当地农场的食物。”符合情景。故选G。
55．根据“ At first the government had doubts.”可知此处说的是政府，结合选项，可知选项A“巴里把他的想法告诉了市政府。”符合情景。故选A。
56．根据“By 2013, New York City had 54 farmers’ markets. They were in every part of the city and on every day of the week.”可知，纽约市有54个绿色农贸市场，在全市的各个角落，可推测出纽约市民非常喜欢绿色农场，选项D“他们非常喜欢绿色市场，他们想要更多的农贸市场。”符合情景。故选D。
57．根据“Now the farmers’ markets in New York City don’t just sell vegetables and fruits.”可知，纽约市的农贸市场不仅仅卖蔬菜和水果，可推测出还卖很多其他的东西，结合选项，可知选项F“你可以买肉、面包、酸奶、鸡蛋、牛奶、蔬菜和糕点。”符合情景。故选F。

2020年江西省南昌市中考一模英语试卷
34．D
35．B
36．C
【分析】
本文主要向我们介绍了几个很棒的活动。
34．推理判断题。根据第三个表格中“This Saturday 2-6 pm”可知，如果这周六下午5点到6点之间有空，可以去参加周末的促销活动。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据第四个表格中“$25 a couple”可知，如果史密斯夫妇去参加舞会，他们要付25美元。故选B。
36．推理判断题。A：孩子们被允许参加赛马。根据第一个表格中“No children allowed”可知，孩子不被允许赛马，该项表述错误；B：这次图片展将持续四个月。根据第二个表格中“February 1-April 30”可知，这次图片展将持续三个月，该项表述错误；C：周末大减价只在这个星期六。根据第三个表格中“This Saturday 2-6 pm”可知，周末促销在本周六，该项表述正确；D：你不能一个人去参加舞会。根据第四个表格中“$15 a single person”可知，可以一个人去参加舞会，该项表述错误。故选C。
37．C
38．A
39．B
40．A

【分析】
本文主要向我们介绍了玛格丽特帮助孤儿的事迹。
37．词句猜测题。A：观看；B：训练；C：抚养；D：给予。分析“When Margaret was a tiny baby, her father and mother died, and she was adopted by two young people as poor and as kind as her own parents.”可知，玛格丽特很小的时候，她的父母就去世了，她被两个和她父母一样贫穷和善良的年轻人收养了。所以此处adopted表示“抚养”的含义。故选C。
38．细节理解题。A：做生意；B：教孩子；C：建房子；D：照顾孤儿。根据第四段中“Margaret was so good at doing business that, a few years later, she earned more money.”可知，玛格丽特做生意很在行，几年后，她赚了更多的钱。所以玛格丽特主要是靠做生意赚钱的。故选A。
39．推理判断题。A：玛格丽特攒的钱很少。B：玛格丽特捐出了她所有的钱。C：玛格丽特把大部分钱花在自己身上。D：玛格丽特的生意不是很成功。分析第五段内容可知，玛格丽特去世时，人们惊奇地发现，尽管她捐出了很多，她还是攒下了一大笔钱，而且把每一分钱都留给了城里的各个孤儿院。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。A：玛格丽特一生都在帮助孤儿。B：一个小广场上的雕像。C：玛格丽特是如何通过经商致富的。D：人们为纪念玛格丽特制作了一尊塑像。分析文章内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍了玛格丽特帮助孤儿的事迹。故选A。
41．C
42．C
43．B
44．D

【分析】
本文主要介绍各地的公立学校开始注重健康，制定新规为学生提供健康的饮食和更多的锻炼。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thanks to a new law, students said goodbye to unhealthy food and hello to better eating habits in school. They also have been exercising more during the school day.”可知，新法律让学生们告别了不健康的食物，开始在学校养成更好的饮食习惯；他们在上学的日子里也进行了更多的锻炼。所以这项新法律是与健康问题相关。故选C。
42．词句猜测题。A：新法律；B：学校食堂；C：含糖零食和软饮料；D：燕麦棒，坚果，水和果汁。根据前句及分析“In Tennessee, most schools removed（移除）sugary snacks and soft drinks from vending machines（自动贩卖机）. Instead of them, there are more nutritious（有营养的）choices, such as granola bars, nuts, water, and juice.”可知，用更多有营养的，如燕麦棒、坚果、水和果汁来代替含糖零食和软饮料。所以此处them指的是含糖零食和软饮料。故选C。
43．推理判断题。A：学校必须制定同样的规则来遵守新的法律。根据第二段中“It's up to schools to decide how they follow the law.”可知，如何遵守法律是取决于学校的决定的，该项表述错误；B：田纳西州的大多数学校不再在自动售货机里出售软饮料。根据第二段中“In Tennessee, most schools removed（移除）sugary snacks and soft drinks from vending machines”可知，田纳西州的大多数学校不再在自动售货机里出售软饮料，该项表述正确；C：在德克萨斯州的一些学校，家长们被鼓励为孩子们提供更多的纸杯蛋糕。根据第三段中“In Florida, Missouri, and Texas, some schools have rules that ban（禁止）desserts ach as cupcakes and lollipops from parties.”可知，在德克萨斯州的一些学校，禁止向孩子们提供纸杯蛋糕和棒棒糖，该项表述错误；D：从1980年到2012年，6-11岁肥胖儿童的数量逐渐减少。根据“Experts say the number of children aged 6-11 years old who were obese more than doubled from 1980 to 2012”可知，从1980年到2012年，6-11岁肥胖儿童的数量增加了一倍，该项表述错误。故选B。
44．细节理解题。A：脱发；B：胃痛；C：听力损失；D：更容易生病。根据最后一段中“We know that adults who are very overweight get sick more often and lose time at work.”可知，我们知道，体重超标的成年人更容易生病，耽误工作时间。故选D。
45．C
46．D
47．B
48．C

【分析】
本文主要介绍了工程学和工程师能做的最酷的工作。
45．段落大意题。A：工程师是一份有趣的工作。B：工程师是友好的。C：工程师让世界变得更美好。D：工程师可以制造很多机器。根据第二段中内容可知，工程师们改变了我们周围的世界，提出了技术和创造性的解决方案，让我们的生活更舒适，让世界变得更美好。故选C。
46．细节理解题。A：确保云霄飞车安全平稳运行。B：展示他们有最酷的工作，比如设计火箭。C：设计和创造像机器、结构和过程这样的东西。D：让我们的生活更舒适，让世界更美好。根据第二段中“…to make our lives more comfortable, and make the world a better place.”可知，工程师是为了让我们的生活更舒适，让世界变得更美好。故选D。
47．推理判断题。A：我们已经使用3D打印很长时间了。B：将会有更多的软件专家和机器程序员。C：我们不能在未来用3D打印技术打印蔬菜之类的东西。D：3D打印技术可以用来寻找像火星这样的行星上的水。根据“The future is all about 3D printing. As the technology becomes more widespread, it'll be used to print everything from food to prosthetic limbs（假肢）. Engineers such as software specialists and machine programmers will be in high demand to run this new technology.”可知，未来是关于3D打印的，随着技术越来越普及，它将被用来打印从食物到假肢；软件专家和计算机程序员等工程师将非常需要使用这项新技术。故选B。
48．最佳标题题。A：世界之外。B：世界上最酷的工作。C：工程学让世界更美好。D：我们精通工程和技术。分析文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了工程学让我们的生活更美好以及一名工程师能做的最酷的工作。故选C。
49．D
50．A
51．G
52．E
53．B

【分析】
本文以“入侵者”——海狸鼠为例，讲述了生态系统问题。
49．句意：生态系统中的一切都影响着其他一切。
根据本段“A pond is an ecosystem. Ecosystems are places where living things-animals and plants-exist with nonliving things, such as water and soil.”可知，此处提到生态系统，所以内容与生态系统相关。结合选项，故选D。
50．句意：海狸鼠是一种有毛的小水生动物。
根据本段最后一句“These people wanted to use nutria fur（皮毛）to make coats.”可知，此处提到海狸鼠皮毛，所以内容与海狸鼠相关。结合选项，故选A。
51．句意：它们生了那么多的小海狸鼠，很快就有了成千上万的海狸鼠！
根据本段中“…these giant groups of nutria ate up plants that other animals in the ecosystem had left alone.”可知，此处提到了巨大的海狸鼠群，所以被引进的海狸鼠数量增多。结合选项，故选G。
52．句意：结果，现在马里兰的很多土地都遭到了破坏。
根据本段中“They chewed up bulrush（芦苇）plants, including the roots, By doing that, nutria ruined the soil, making it very difficult for some new plants to grow.”可知，海狸鼠咀嚼芦苇包括根，这样便毁了土壤，使其很难一些新的植物生长。所以此处与土壤遭到破坏相关。结合选项，故选E。
53．句意：在一些地区，他们的计划奏效了。
分析本段内容可知，美国野生动物专家试图减少海狸鼠的数量，一些地区甚至已经摆脱了所有的海狸鼠。所以此处表示“在一些地区，他们的计划奏效了”的含义。结合选项，故选B。