+山东省泰安市泰山区2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解+

这是一份+山东省泰安市泰山区2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编：阅读理解+，共27页。
山东省泰安市泰山区
2020-2022年中考英语一模试题分类汇编
阅读理解
2022年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
第三部分阅读理解（共两节；满分40分）
第一节阅读下列短文或图表，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Every country celebrates high school graduation in different ways. Sweden is no exception. High school graduation is a very special day that is full of strange, funny and unique traditions.
One of the main ways you can tell whether a graduation is happening, is to see if all students wear special white hats with their names on them. They are quite similar to the kind of hat that a ship’s captain wears. Girls prefer to pair theirs with a simple white dress, while boys wear suits.
After getting dressed, graduates will have a champagne(香槟酒) breakfast in a large garden. Graduation takes place in summer and usually the sun is out, making having breakfast outdoors a joyful thing. It is the perfect way to start the day.
After breakfast, graduates head for the school and there is a graduation ceremony. After picking up their diplomas(毕业证书), graduates will make their way out into an outside space at the school.
Their families and friends gather there. One’s family won’t be difficult to find, since they’ll likely be holding up an embarrassing childhood picture of the graduate. Graduates are then given flower chains to wear round their necks. Families and friends also give them small gifts, such as a medal, a ring or a watch, which are usually kept for the rest of life.
With loud music, graduates get on a truck, which is often covered with some slogans(口号). The truck runs around town while the students wave, dance, laugh and enjoy themselves. People will cheer to express good wishes as the students drive past.
Graduation in Sweden has grown into a whole town event. Relaxation seems to have become the real theme of Swedish graduation. The only thing graduates need to do is enjoy the time with their friends and families.
11．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．How graduates start the day. B．Why graduates wear special white hats.
C．Where the graduation ceremony is held. D．What graduates wear on graduation day.
12．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Dressing up. B．Visiting a big garden.
C．Enjoying breakfast outdoors. D．Making a champagne breakfast.
13．Graduates’ families and friends will ________ for the event.
A．prepare some small gifts B．take a group photo
C．make flower chains themselves D．choose some good -looking photos
14．People will ________ when they come across graduates.
A．dance together B．drink champagne C．express good wishes D．hold up flowers

B
In the coming summer holiday, we offer all kinds of interesting and exciting activities. You can call 1-800-987 -9852 to order or to ask for more information.
Schlitterbahn Waterpark
Schlitterbahn Waterpark. the number one water park in the State of Texas, is designed to give your whole family a cool place to relax completely.
▶Most guests spend about 4 to 10 hours at the park.
▶Proper for all ages.
▶Available to disabled people.
▶Great restaurants and gift shops.
Grand Historic City Tour
With a Grand Historic City Tour, guests are sure to have an amazing time discovering everything that the area has to offer. Start one of these tours with the whole family to create some new memories in the Texas Hill Country. Each tour offers something special and takes place in a comfortable bus.
▶Each tour lasts about 4 hours.
▶Proper for all ages.
Sea World San Antonio
You can discover the fascinating sea life in Sea World San Antonio, where interesting rides, exciting moments to come across some of the world’s most amazing animals are always right around the comer.
▶Most guests spend 1 or 2 full days in the park.
▶Proper for young children.
▶Great gift shops.

15．The most special about Schlitterbahn Waterpark is that ________.A．it has wonderful gift shops B．it is special for young children.
C．it offers interesting rides D．it is good for disabled people
16．The tourists can ________ in the Sea World San Antonio.
A．go for a swim B．watch sea animals C．watch movies D．enjoy historical movies
17．The purpose of the text is to ________.
A．describe the number one parks in the city B．show how to make a summer holiday plan
C．raise the readers’ interests in these activities D．share the writer’s experience in visiting the places

C


A dance performance taken from the poetic dance drama Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting（《只此青绿》）has been considered the most amazing program at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala.
The creators of the poetic dance drama got inspiration from a great ancient Chinese painting, A Panorama of Mountains and Rivers（《千里江山图》） by Wang Ximeng. Wang was a painter from the Song Dynasty. He spent half a year finishing the painting when he was only 18. Now the painting is at the Palace Museum. It has been on show to the public only four times since 1949. The 11.9-meter-long painting is a record of people’s lives and the natural scenery including mountains, rivers and villages of that time.
The poetic dance drama tells the story of a researcher from the Palace Museum who has spent all his time studying the painting. We can follow him to the moment when Wang was about to finish the artwork. “It is not to tell people how great the painting is, but to help people understand traditional Chinese culture,” says Xie Suhao, who plays the character.
Since last August, the dance poetic drama has been played more than 50 times in over 18 cities in China. “I hope our dance can be performed on more and bigger stages to show more people all over the world a beautiful China with a mix of old and new,” says Meng Qingyang, the lead dancer of Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting.
18．The poetic dance drama is inspired by ________.
A．a poem B．a painting C．a song D．a film
19．From the second paragraph, we know that A Panorama of Mountains and Rivers ________.
A．took 6 months to complete
B．is the longest ancient painting in China
C．can be seen easily in the Palace Museum
D．was painted by Wang Ximeng when he was eighty years old
20．According to Xie Suhao, the poetic dance drama is played to ________.
A．spread traditional Chinese culture
B．discover the beauty of the natural scenery
C．make people pay more attention to the dance group
D．show A Panorama of Mountains and Rivers is a great artwork
21．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．The most popular program at the Spring Festival Gala
B．The natural scenery recorded in ancient painting
C．Traditional Chinese culture gets popular online
D．Poetic dance drama brings ancient painting a new life

D


During the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, athletes from all over the world broke both personal and Olympic records. High-tech elements（元素）have been giving “wings” to these hard-working athletes, helping them become “faster, higher, stronger”.
The National Speed Skating Oval（国家速滑馆）（the Ice Ribbon）（冰丝带）saw 12 new Olympic records and one world record, including Chinese speed skater Gao Tingyu’s Olympic record of 34.32 seconds in the men’s 500 meters.
Known as “the fastest ice”, the 12,000-square-meter rink（冰场）has received very good feedback from the athletes. “It makes everyone skate faster,” Gao Tingyu said after he bagged the gold.
The secret behind is a new carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）ice-making technology. Speed-skating requires a very flat（平滑的）ice surface. If the ice surface temperature doesn’t change much, the ice will stay flatter. Flat ice is easier to skate on. Liquid（液态的）carbon dioxide was put under the ice for the first time. It cooled the ice and kept the temperature changes on the surface within just half of one degree.
In events like freestyle skiing and ski jumping, the direction and speed of the wind could largely affect athletes’ performance. A research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院）developed a wind measuring（测量）system using AI technology. “Some events only last a few seconds, and the wind is changing all the time. This system allows athletes and coaches to ‘see’ wind directly through real-time data（数据）on their pads, and decide when and where to jump.” the team leader Shao Yun told Beijing Daily.
There are many more high-tech elements that boost（提高）athletic performance, including drag-reducing（减少阻力的）sportswear, smart beds that massage（按摩）athletes, and robots that cook. “All these helped keep China’s promise to hold an ‘athlete-centered’ Olympics,” said Zhao Weidong, the spokesperson of the Beijing organizing committee.
22．Gao Tingyu set a record for ________.
A．performing best in men’s ski jumping B．skating the fastest speed in men’s 500 meters
C．being the youngest skater at the Olympics D．designing the National Speed Skating Oval
23．Liquid carbon dioxide was put under the ice to ________.
A．keep the ice cold B．save water resources
C．make the ice harder D．change the temperature of the ice
24．The wind measuring system from the Chinese Academy of Sciences helps athletes ________.
A．change the direction of the wind B．change the speed of the wind
C．“see” wind through real-time data D．record their jumps in real time
25．What do we know from the words of Zhao Weidong?
A．China is expected to hold another Winter Olympics soon.
B．Other countries look at China with new eyes.
C．The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were the best ever.
D．The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics were people-centered.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. Many climbers dream of climbing it. Many have succeeded, many have tried and failed, and many have lost their lives.
___26___ Wind blows hard, temperatures drop to -40℃ and heavy snowstorms hit the mountain all of a sudden. Besides, avalanches（雪崩）and falls can be both deadly, for climbers as they are quite unpredictable.
But on Qomolangma, the biggest danger for climbers is the air itself. ___27___ Most climbers breathe bottled oxygen near the top of the mountain. Above 8,000 meters, the danger is so great that it’s called the death zone（地带）. The danger at the death zone forces climbers to make choices: ___28___
Every year, many people make the wrong choice. Some pay as much as $130,000 to make the trip. They’ve dreamed about reaching the top for years. ___29___ In the end, more than 300 climbers have died on Mount Qomolangma over the years. And that has made many people wonder: If the climb is so dangerous, why do climbers do it?
___30___ To some people, Mount Qomolangma is a challenge that forces them to be strong and brave. Their goal is to sand on top of the world and live to tell the story. But to others, the risk is the point. Life is short, after all.
A．Do they turn around or keep going?
B．Climbers answer that question differently.
C．The higher they get, the less oxygen there is in the air.
D．Climbers face many dangers while climbing Mount Qomolangma.
E．They want so badly to reach the top that they take no notice of the dangers.

2021年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
第一节阅读下列短文或图表，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
A

I would never forget what I learned from the day when I left my junior high school. On the last day our teacher told us something educational that I would like to share with you.
He began by drawing a man standing in the middle of a circle. To make it more interesting, he drew things like a house, a school and a few friends inside the circle.
He asked, “Can anyone tell me what this is?” In a long silence, one student decided to express his idea, “The world?” The teacher said, “That's close. This is your Comfort Zone（舒适圈）. Inside your circle you have all the things that are important to you-your home, your family, your friends and your jobs. People feel that inside this circle they are safe from any danger.”
“Can anyone tell me what will happen when you step out of this circle?” A strong silence came over the room. The same student replied, “You are afraid.” Another student said. “You may make mistakes.” The silence continued and our teacher smiled and asked, “When you make mistakes, what can the result be?” The first student said. “You learn something.”
“Exactly, you are learning.” Our teacher turned to the blackboard and drew an arrow（箭头）pointing from the man to the outside of the circle. He went on saying, “When you leave your Comfort Zone, you put yourself out there. The result is that you learn something that you do not know to become a better person.” He drew a bigger circle around the original（原来的） circle, and added a few new things like more friends, a big house, etc.
A lesson from this story is that if you stay inside your Comfort Zone you will never be able to open your eyes to the outside world. When you step out of your Comfort Zone, you will make your circle bigger to challenge your mind and grow to be stronger, and all in all to be a better person.
11. The story happened on ________.
A. the first day of junior high school B. the last day of junior high school
C. the first day of senior high school D. the last day of senior high school
12. Which of the following is NOT included in the Comfort Zone that the teacher drew on the blackboard first?
A. Friends. B. House. C. Cars. D. School.
13. When people step out of the Comfort Zone, they will ________ at last.
A. learn something B. feel a little afraid
C. begin to make mistakes D. miss their family and friends
14. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. families always get in the way of people's growth
B. arrows help people make more friends
C. silence in the class means students can think more
D. stepping out of Comfort Zone can make people better
B
Bruce Vento High School
Back-to-school Celebration
February 28th, Friday 9:30 a. m.—11:30 a. m
BVHS is having a back-to-school celebration with sports, games, art programs and more. You don’t want to miss it! You don’t need to register（登记）for the event. Your school ID card is required to receive a free backpack.
Volunteers needed for the Back-to-school Celebration!
Click（点击）here to register to volunteer at our Back-to-school Celebration. We will need your help before, during and after the event. Please feel free to register for the area you feel best fits you. Both parents and students are welcome.
Volunteer Training
February 21st. 5:00 p. m.—8:00 p. m.
In the School Hall
If you have any questions about dates and times feel free to contact（联系）us during our office hours.
E-mail: info@familyvaluesforlife. org
Phone: 651-774-6663
Office hours: Monday-Friday. 9:00 a. m.—5:00 p. m.

15. Which activity requires the students to bring their school ID cards?
A. Making art B. Playing sports
C. Playing games D. Getting a backpack.
16. To volunteer at the Back-to-school Celebration, one has to ________.
A. get some training B. start work in early February
C. go to the School Hall for registration D. be a student of Bruce Vento High School
17. How many ways of contacting the school are provided?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four.
C

If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter（脑灰质）. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr Andrea Michelle, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learned a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference is.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and math skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的）,” he said, “You are actually going beyond（超出） language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.
18. If people learn other languages, what will be changed?
A. white matter B. grey matter C. exercise D. muscles
19. What does the underlined word “bilingual” probably mean in Chinese?
A. 双语学习者 B. 词汇学 C. 口语交际 D. 实用语法
20. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Leaning other languages can make you become smarter.
B. A second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.
C. Learning other languages can change grey matter which processes information.
D. Grey matter density in the brain was worse in bilinguals than that in people without a second language.
21. In the last two paragraphs, the writer wants to tell us that ________.
A. Italian is the best choice for you to learn as a second language
B. learning a second language is the same as studying math
C. early learning of a second language helps you a lot in studying other subjects
D. you’d better choose the ages between two and thirty-four to learn a second language
D
Dogs have an amazing talent for understand human social behavior, and they can take actions upon human orders, but what if they are given instructions not by real humans but by humanoid robots that behave like humans? Will dogs obey the robot's orders?
At the International Conference on Human Robot Interaction2020. Researchers at Yale University’s Social Robotics Lab tested how dogs responded to instructions from robots. A group of 34 dogs participated in the experiment, and each dog was tested with either a speaker or a human-like robot in a room. After a brief introduction to the testing environment, the robot or speaker called the dog's name, using the same voice. Then the robot or speaker would give a "sit" order, which was the real test.
Results of the experiments showed that the dogs paid more attention to the robot than the speaker. Dogs obeyed the "sit" order over 60% of the time when it came from the robot, but less than 20% of the time when it came from the speaker, even if they did look a bit confused about the whole thing at times.
While these results are certainly interesting, it's important to answer the question of whether dogs could respond to a social robot at all. The researchers were giving the dogs a great opportunity. For example, the dogs' owners were instructed to interact with the robot, talking to it and making eye contact, to help encourage the dogs to see the robot as friendly and make the anxiety less while also drawing attention to the robot. However, they haven' t discovered what factors (因素) might increase or decrease that likelihood.
"Since dogs are very sensitive to human social cues (暗示), the robot being humanoid or not may make a difference, lead researcher Meiying Qin said. "Yet, if a non-humanoid robot behaves like a dog or shows any social behaviors, dogs may also respond in a social manner."
"Now that we have evidence that dogs do respond to social robots, the next step is to figure out what we haven't discovered yet," added Meiying Qin. "Humanoid robot, which is one of the greatest invention in the 20th century, is the advanced representation of robot technique." Some people may question the value of making social robots for pets. Dogs aren't the only animals that robots interact with, of course the larger idea is that by studying how dogs behave toward social robots relative to humans, it can help us understand bow social robots affect our own behavior, too.
22. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________.
A. how the test was performed B. what was found in the test
C. why the scientists did the test D. who took part in the test
23. The researcher later will probably focus on ________.
A. human orders given to dogs B. factor to affect dog’s response
C. robot technique to develop D. social robots designed for pets
24. We can learn from the experiment that ________.
A. dogs seldom obey the order from a humanoid robot
B. dogs pay less attention to a mechanical-looking robot
C. dogs can pay more attention to owners’ voice in the speaker
D. dogs can understand the social meanings from machines
25. The lead researcher Meiying Qin probably agrees that ________.
A. humanoid robots can influence humans’ behaviors
B. it is worthless to design advanced robots for animals
C. robots will take the place of humans to look after pets
D. humans don’t respond socially to non-humanoid robots
第二节根据短文内容，从短文后选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
The Internet is a place where we can talk freely. ____26____
According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined（下降）. ____27____ It is believed that digital technology and Internet memes（表情包）have changed their communication habits. For example, direct expression is the preferred way to communicate online. When one see something funny, one will simply type hahaha or use the cry-laugh emoji.
Also, “copy and paste（粘贴）” culture is getting popular. ____28____. Many begin to use a fixed set of sentence patterns, such as whenever you disagree with each other, you…（一言不合就……）
Cai Xiaoja（not her real name） a teacher from Fuzhou, told China Youth Daily that words in general are being used less. For instance, people can share photos online with little need for words to describe them.
If this trend continues, it could influence our way of thinking, People's Daily noted. ____29____ If teenagers adopt（采用）casual（非正式的）methods of expression like emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly.
To improve our language skills, experts suggest that we should try to think independently and develop our own language logic（逻辑）. ____30____. “Keep using various words to show your unique feelings,” said Shen Xiaolong, a professor in the Chinese department at Fudan University.
A. They don’t use complex rhetorical technique（修辞手法）as often anymore.
B. People simply copy and paste expressions from the Internet without much thought.
C. They also suggest that we should read more works of literature.
D. When we use expressions without thinking, it means we have become too lazy to express our real feelings.
E. But it is also a place where we pay little attention to whether or not our language competence（能力）is becoming poorer.

2020年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
第一节 阅读下列短文，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选岀最佳选项，井在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
On March 19，2019， eight-year-old Tani won the New York Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛) of his age group. But the boy, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago.
Tani and his family arrived in New York City from Africa in 2017. A church helped him enter the primary school, P. S. 116. Here the gifted boy was first introduced to chess by a part-time teacher Makofsky, owner of a chess club. Interested in the game, the seven-year-old asked his mother to allow him to join the club. Not able to afford the chess classes, she emailed Makofsky. To her surprise and joy, Makofsky agreed that Tani could learn it for free.
Though the chess club helps, it’s largely believed that Tani’s success lies in hard work. Theboy practices the game for many hours a day on the floor with his board. Every Saturday, Tani goes to a free 3-hour class to improve his game skills.
Not surprisingly, Tani’s story, first reported by The New York Times, has brought him great support from the public. Soon after the young boy won the New York Championship, Makofsky began a GoFundMe activity for Tani and his family so that he could continued his chess journey. It raised $200,000 in just ten days, far more than they expected. And the money keeps coming. But the family donates(捐赠) most of the money to the church and to those poor family!
Tani has also received offers from three famous private schools in New York. However, the family have politely refused all of them and chosen to continue Tani’s education at P. S. 116.
While excited about his new life, Tani is ready to meet great challenges(挑战). He is busy preparing for the 2019 National Primary Championships. Winning the competition will bring the chess player closer to his dream of becoming the world’s youngest chess grandmaster(大师). The record has been 17 years by the Russian chess player Karjakin, who won the title at the age of 12.
11．Tani began to learn chess at the age of ____.
A．seven B．eight C．nine D．twelve
12．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ____.
A．where Tani practices chess B．how hard Tani works at chess
C．what Tani’s mother does for him D．how much the chess club helps
13．After winning the New York Championship, Tani ____.
A．hoped to see Bill Clinton B．went to a famous private school
C．became the richest boy in New York D．got much support from society
14．The writer mentions the Russian chess player Karjakin to ____.
A．call on young people to learn chess
B．introduce his great achievements in chess
C．show it’s a big challenge for Tani to realize his dream
D．tell people Tani has been the world’s best chess player

B
The Dead Sea

At 430 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is Earth's lowest point on land. It is popular for its wonderful buoyancy(浮力). The high salt content-more than 34 percent - makes swimming more like floating.
Now the Dead Sea is actually dying. People are using water from the Jordan River, which takes water away from the Dead Sea. Since 1930, its surf area has reduced by almost 40 percent.
Venice, Italy
With waterways instead of streets. This "Floating City" has attracted visitors for centuries. But no visit to Venice is complete without a ride on one of its famous gondolas, human powered

water taxis. Water creates Venice. But water will also kill the city.
Built on soft earth, Venice has slowly been sinking (下沉) for centuries. Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, it's sinking faster. According to US-based magazine Architectural Digest, the city may disappear in the next 100 years. Better book your gondola soon!
Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Covering   more   than   2,300   kilometers   of   Australia's northeast coast, Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest reef ecosystem, and an ideal place for scuba divers (水肺潜水者).Thousands of colorful coral (珊瑚) and fish make homes in the blue sea water. It's like a big underwater party!
Sadly, the party might be over soon. The reef is dying. Human activities are changing the weather. Warming ocean, water kills the coral, and this causes problems up the food chain. The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone   by 2030.
15．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．Disappearing Watery Wonders
B．Amazing Man-made Wonders on the Sea
C．Lost Watery Wonders on the Sea
D．Last Watery Wonders in the World
16．Which of the following is the shared cause of the problems all the three places are facing?
A．Water loss. B．Sea pollution.
C．Warming seas. D．Human activities.
17．If Tom wants to visit all the following places before they are gone, and he can only afford one in the next 15 years, where must he go?
A．The Dead Sea. B．Venice. C．Italy. D．Great Barrier Reef.

C
Long, long ago, people made fires from lightening (闪电). But they had to keep the fire burning, for they couldn't start it again if there was no lightening. Later, they found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves. In this way they could make fire again if it went out. Then people also learned to make a fire by rubbing (摩擦). They made a hole in a piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire.
Years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat from the sun. They held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches. Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fire. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fire. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is very useful.
18．What can a spark do From the text?
A．Fire any leaves. B．Burn anything. C．Burn dry leaves. D．Keep fire burning.
19．How can we also get a fire?
A．By making a hole in a big piece of wood. B．By putting a smaller stick into the hole.
C．By turning the stick hard for a while. D．By doing all the above in order.
20．How long have Matches been used?
A．For about two thousand years. B．For about two hundred years.
C．Since people began to use fire for cooking. D．Since people used the heat from the sun.
21．What can we know from the passage?
A．Electric fire starters are widely used.
B．Some forest fires happen from lightening.
C．Today there are only two ways to make a fire.
D．People haven't used matches since they had electric fire starters.

D


President Xi Inspects(视察)in Wuhan
[1]On March 10, 2020, President Xi Jinping made the remark(谈论)during his inspection tour to Wuhan, capital of Hubei province.
[2]Although the we have made progress in the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus outbreak(新冠肺炎的爆发)，it is still the most important task. In Hubei and Wuhan the spread of the novel coronavirus has been controlled in part.
[3]Xi also encouraged local residents and front-line workers to make prevention and control efforts to defend(保卫)Hubei and Wuhan and fight for victory in the war against the disease. He praised local medical workers, medical teams from other provinces, People's Liberation Army leaders and soldiers, community workers, police officers, officials and volunteers for their bravery and hard work in the prevention and control of the disease.
[4]The positive trend(积极地趋势)in preventing and controlling the novel coronavirus outbreak could not be achieved without the hard efforts of the people of Wuhan, Xi said. Wuhan people have developed the spirit of China, as well as the Chinese people's love for the family and the nation, which makes them thick and thin. They will be remembered in history for the final victory against the disease and the whole Party and nation are deeply moved by Wuhan people.
[5] Xi went straight to Huoshenshan Hospital immediately after his arrival in Wuhan on Tuesday morning. The hospital was built in just 10 days, which has 1000 beds to treat the patients. After leaving the hospital, Xi went to the Donghti Xincheng residential community(居民社区)and greeted people who were quarantined in their homes(居家隔离). He pointed that the needs of people should be met in time, especially the elderly, children, poor families and disabled people.
22．What is the most important task in Wuhan and Hubei now?
A．The prevention and control of the novel coronavirus outbreak.
B．Stabilizing the situation(维护社会稳定).
C．Develop social economy(发展社会经济).
D．Getting medical help from other provinces.
23．What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A．Wuhan people will be remembered because of the victory against the disease.
B．Wuhan people have made great contributions(贡献)in preventing and controlling the disease.
C．It is the love for the family and the nation that makes people get through the hard time.
D．We have made great progress in defend Wuhan and Hubei and fight for victory in the war against the disease.
24．What does the word "immediately" in Paragraph 5 probably means?
A．突然地 B．秘密地 C．毫不拖延地 D．安全地
25．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．On Tuesday morning Xi went to Huoshenshan Hospital after his arrival in Wuhan.
B．Medical help form other provinces were offered to Wuhan and Hubei unselfishly(无私地).
C．The government should meet the needs of people who are already in trouble in time.
D．In Hubei and Wuhan the spread of the novel coronavirus has been controlled completely.

第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。
Are children vulnerable (易受伤害的) to the novel coronavirus? The National Health Commission (国家卫健委) has made sure that children are easily to be infected by the novel coronavirus and though the symptoms are mild after infection.
What are the possible ways for children to be infected?
The main transmission (传播)route is spread by droplet transmission now, such as a patient's coughs and sneezing(喷嚏).________26________ For example, children will be infected by contacting with the mouth or nose or conjunctiva(结膜)of the eye through contaminated hands.
_______27_______If the child has cough, fever and other symptoms, but didn't go outside nor had contact with infected patients, parents can first monitor the child's temperature and provide home treatment.
How do children wear face masks (口罩)?
________28________ Parents should also check if their child experiences other discomfort.
How to wash children's hands
_______29_______ If they are going out and can’t readily wash their hands with running water, always carry paper towels and an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
_______30_______ If you must go out, wear a face mask, drive yourself and try not to use public transportation.
A．When children wear masks, parents should always pay attention to whether the child has breathing difficulties.
B．Under what kind of situation do children need to go to hospital?
C．How to protect children from the virus when going out?
D．Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer(洗手液)
E．They may also be infected by contact(接触)transmission.

答案：
2022年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
11．D
12．C
13．A
14．C

【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍瑞典庆祝高中毕业的方式。
11．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍毕业典礼当天学生们穿戴什么，故选D。
12．词句猜测题。分析“Graduation takes place in summer and usually the sun is out, making having breakfast outdoors a joyful thing. It is the perfect way to start the day.”可知，毕业典礼在夏天举行，通常阳光明媚，在户外吃早餐是一件令人愉快的事情，这是开始一天的最佳方式。此处it指的是“在户外吃早餐”，故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Families and friends also give them small gifts, such as a medal, a ring or a watch, which are usually kept for the rest of life.”可知，家人和朋友也会给他们一些小礼物，比如一块奖牌、一枚戒指或一块手表，这些礼物通常会保存一辈子。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据“People will cheer to express good wishes as the students drive past.”可知，当学生们开车经过时，人们会欢呼，表达良好的祝愿。故选C。
15．D
16．B
17．C

【导语】
本文是一篇广告，文章主要介绍了暑假可以去的三个地方，并详细介绍了相关的活动。
15．
细节理解题。根据“Available to disabled people.”可知，Schlitterbahn Waterpark允许残疾人去。故选D。
16．
细节理解题。根据“You can discover the fascinating sea life in Sea World San Antonio”可知，在Sea World San Antonio你可以发现一些神奇的海洋生物。故选B。
17．
主旨大意题。根据“In the coming summer holiday, we offer all kinds of interesting and exciting activities. You can call 1-800-987 -9852 to order or to ask for more information”可知，文章的目的就是为了引起读者对这些活动的兴趣。故选C。
18．B
19．A
20．A
21．D

【导语】
本文主要讲述了舞蹈诗剧《只此青绿》的灵感来源，讲述的内容以及它所传播的一种文化。
18．细节理解题。根据“The creators of the poetic dance drama got inspiration from a great ancient Chinese painting”可知，这个舞蹈诗剧的灵感来自于一幅中国画，故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“He spent half a year finishing the painting when he was only 18”可知，这幅画耗时6个月完成，故选A。
20．细节理解题。根据“It is not to tell people how great the painting is, but to help people understand traditional Chinese culture”可知，帮助人们了解中国传统文化，故选A。
21．最佳标题题。根据“I hope our dance can be performed on more and bigger stages to show more people all over the world a beautiful China with a mix of old and new”可知，本文通过这个令人惊叹的舞蹈诗剧《只此青绿》，来向全世界人们展示一个新旧交融的美丽中国，所以D选项“舞蹈诗剧给古画带来了新的生命”符合本文标题，故选D。
22．B
23．A
24．C
25．D

【导语】
本文主要介绍了冬奥会使用的高科技元素。
22．
细节理解题。根据“The National Speed Skating Oval（国家速滑馆）（the Ice Ribbon）（冰丝带）saw 12 new Olympic records and one world record, including Chinese speed skater Gao Tingyu’s Olympic record of 34.32 seconds in the men’s 500 meters.”以及“Gao Tingyu said after he bagged the gold”可知，高亭宇在男子500米滑冰比赛中获得了金牌，所以速度是最快的。故选B。
23．
细节理解题。根据“ It cooled the ice and kept the temperature changes on the surface within just half of one degree.”可知，是为了保持冰的低温。故选A。
24．
细节理解题。根据“This system allows athletes and coaches to ‘see’ wind directly through real-time data（数据）on their pads, and decide when and where to jump”可知，这个系统可以帮助运动员准确地测量风。故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“All these helped keep China’s promise to hold an “athlete-centered” Olympics,”可知，2022年北京冬奥会以人为中心。故选D。
26．D
27．C
28．A
29．E
30．B

【导语】
本文主要介绍了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的危险性以及分析攀登者为什么一直想到达山顶的背后原因。
26．
根据“Wind blows hard, temperatures drop to -40℃ and heavy snowstorms hit the mountain all of a sudden”可知，此处介绍攀登者在攀登过程中会面临的危险，D选项“攀登者在攀登珠穆朗玛峰时面临许多危险”符合，故选D。
27．
根据“But on Qomolangma, the biggest danger for climbers is the air itself”可知，此处提到与“珠穆朗玛峰上空气”有关的内容，C选项“海拔越高，空气中的氧气就越少”符合，故选C。
28．
根据“The danger at the death zone forces climbers to make choices”可知，此处提到所面临的选择是什么，A选项“他们是转身还是继续前进”符合，故选A。
29．
根据“They’ve dreamed about reaching the top for years”可知，太渴望到达山顶了，E选项“他们如此渴望到达顶峰，以至于没有注意到危险”符合，故选E。
30．
根据“If the climb is so dangerous, why do climbers do it”可知，此处是对于这个问题进行回答，B选项“登山者对这个问题有不同的回答”符合，故选B。

2021年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
11．B    12．C    13．A    14．D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在中学毕业前一天，老师给作者上了一节难忘的课：如果你呆在你的舒适区，你将永远无法开拓你对外面的世界视野。当你走出你的舒适区，你会让你的圈子更大，挑战你的思想，变得更强大，总而言之，成为一个更好的人。
11．细节理解题。根据文中第一段“I would never forget what I learned from the day when I left my junior high school. On the last day our teacher told us something educational that I would like to share with you.”可知当我要离开中学时，老师最后一天给我们讲了很有教育意义的课。可见，是初中的最后一天。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据文中第三段“This is your Comfort Zone. Inside your circle you have all the things that are important to you—your home, your family, your friends and your jobs. People feel that inside this circle they are safe from any danger.”舒适圈里是你的房子，你的家，你的朋友和职业。人们在舒适圈里觉得很安全。可知，学校也是舒适圈里的，所以不包括车。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据文中第四段“The silence continued and our teacher smiled and asked,“When you make mistakes, what can the result be?” The first student said, “You learn something.””可知在你犯错之后是学习。可见走出舒适圈是你在学习。故选A。
14．主旨大意题。根据文中第六段“When you step out of your Comfort Zone, you will make your circle bigger to challenge your mind and grow to be stronger, and all in all to be a better person.”可知当你走出舒适圈，你在调整自己变成更强大的人，总之是更好的人。可见文章的中心大意是走出舒适圈，成为更好的人。故选D。
15．D    16．A    17．B

【分析】本文是布鲁斯文托高中要举行返校庆典活动，招聘志愿者的广告。
15．细节理解题。根据“Back-to-school Celebration…Your school ID card is required to receive a free backpack.”可知，学生参加返校庆典活动需要带学生证，故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“Volunteer Training”可知，要成为返校庆典的志愿者，你必须接受一些培训，故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据“E-mail: info@familyvaluesforlife. Org，Phone: 651-774-6663，Office hours: Monday-Friday. 9:00 a. m.—5:00 p. m”可知，学校提供了电子邮件和电话这两种联系方式，故选B。
18．B    19．A    20．D    21．C

【解析】短文大意：本文介绍了英国一所大学的一项新研究，发现学习第二语言时人的大脑灰质密度会发生更大的变化，对阅读、写作和理解都有很大帮助，所以，学习第二语言可以提高人的智力，早期学习第二语言也可以对你学习其他科目有帮助。
18．细节理解题。根据“Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter”可知，学习其他语言会改变大脑灰质，故选B。
19．词义猜测题。根据“They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learned a second language before the age of five”可知，与一组很早就学会了第二语言的进行了比较，这些人不但会英语，还会其他语言，所以可推断出bilinguals表示“双语学习者”，故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language”可知，双语者的大脑灰质密度比不懂第二语言的人要高，D表述错误，故选D。
21．主旨大意题。根据“The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better”及全段的内容，可知，作者通过最后两段想告诉我们，早期学习第二语言对你学习其他科目有很大帮助，故选C。
22．A    23．B    24．D    25．A

【分析】本文通过实验证明狗会听从类人机器人给予的指示，科学家认为通过研究狗对社会机器人的反应，可以帮助我们理解类人机器人可以影响人类的行为。
22．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers at Yale University’s Social Robotics Lab tested how dogs responded to instructions from robots. A group of 34 dogs participated in the experiment, …Then the robot or speaker would give a "sit" order, which was the real test.” 可知为了测试狗是如何回应机器人的指示的，研究人员用34只狗进行了实验，机器人或真人用同样的声音叫狗的名字。然后机器人或真人会给狗一个指令“坐”；以此看狗对指令的反应。由此可知本段主要介绍这个测试是如何进行的。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, they haven' t discovered what factors (因素) might increase or decrease that likelihood.” 然而，他们还没有发现哪些因素可能增加或减少这种可能性。由此推断研究人员稍后可能会关注那些影响狗的反应的因素。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据第三段“Results of the experiments showed that the dogs paid more attention to the robot than the speaker.”可知实验结果表明，狗对机器人的专注程度高于真人。由此推断狗可以从机器人中理解社会意义。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“the larger idea is that by studying how dogs behave toward social robots relative to humans, it can help us understand bow social robots affect our own behavior, too.”可知更大的想法是，通过研究狗对社会机器人的反应，它可以帮助我们理解类人机器人可以影响人类的行为。故选A。
26．E    27．A    28．B    29．D    30．C

【解析】互联网是一个我们可以自由交谈的地方，但随着人们更多地使用互联网，人们的汉语技能正在下降。为了提高我们的语言技巧，专家建议我们应该独立思考和发展自己的语言逻辑。
26．根据“According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined”可知，据《中国青年报》最近的一项调查显示，超过76%的中国年轻人表示他们的汉语水平有所下降，此处提及语言水平下降的现象，选项E“但我们也很少关注自己的语言能力是否在变差”符合语境，故选E。
27．根据“It is believed that digital technology and Internet memes（表情包）have changed their communication habits.”可知，人们认为数字技术和网络迷因已经改变了他们的交流习惯，此处提及人们的交流习惯，选项A“他们不再经常使用复杂的修辞技巧”符合语境，故选A。
28．根据“‘copy and paste（粘贴）’ culture is getting popular.”可知，“复制粘贴”文化也越来越流行，选项B“人们只是简单地复制和粘贴互联网上的表达，而没有想太多”符合语境，故选B。
29．根据“If teenagers adopt（采用）casual（非正式的）methods of expression like emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly.”可知，如果青少年采用像表情符号这样随意的表达方式，他们可能会失去正确使用文字的能力，选项D“当我们不加思考地使用表达时，就意味着我们已经懒得去表达我们的真实感受”符合语境，故选D。
30．根据“To improve our language skills, experts suggest that we should try to think independently and develop our own language logic（逻辑）.”可知，为了提高我们的语言技能，专家建议我们应该试着独立思考，发展我们自己的语言逻辑。此处提及专家建议，选项C“他们还建议我们应该读更多的文学作品”符合语境，故选C。

2020年山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模英语试题
11．A
12．B
13．D
14．C

【分析】
文章大意：本文主要主要讲了Tani从小喜欢象棋，并经过自己的不断努力，最终赢得很多奖项，但实现自己的梦想还是很具挑战性的。
11．细节理解题。根据文中的信息eight-year-old Tani won the New York Championship(纽约象棋冠军赛) of his age group. 八岁的Tani赢得了他这个年龄组的纽约象棋赛冠军；以及But the boy, who was homeless at the time, began learning the game less than a year ago. 但这个那时无家可归的男孩在不到一年前就开始学习这个比赛了。可知Tani在他七岁的时候就开始学习国际象棋，故答案选A。
12．段意归纳题。根据本段的第一句Though the chess club helps, it’s largely believed that Tani’s success lies in hard work.虽然他的成功有象棋俱乐部的帮助，但是主要原因在于他的勤奋和努力；再结合下文的描述：他每天在地上用板子练习好几个小时下棋，而且每周六他都会去上3个小时的免费课程，以提高他的下棋技能。可知本段主要讲述的是Tani在下象棋方面有多么的努力，故答案选B。
13．细节理解题。根据文中的信息Soon after the young boy won the New York Championship, Makofsky began a GoFundMe activity for Tani and his family so that he could continued his chess journey. It raised $200,000 in just ten days, far more than they expected.可知，在赢得纽约象棋赛冠军之后，为了他能继续他的象棋之旅，Makofsky为Tani和他的家人举办了活动，仅仅10天就筹集了20万美元，远远超过了他们的预期。这意味着Tani得到了很多社会上的支持，故答案选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文中的信息The record has been 17 years by the Russian chess player Karjakin, 这项纪录由俄罗斯的象棋选手Karjakin已经保持了17年，由此可推知作者提到这个内容的目的是为了说明对于Tani来说，实现梦想是一个很大的挑战，故答案选C。
15．A
16．D
17．D

【分析】
本文介绍了三个水上奇观。一是：死海；二是：威尼斯；三是：大堡礁。文章介绍了它们消失的原因——人类活动。
15．推理判断题。根据Now the Dead Sea is actually dying. 现在死海真的要死了。由句子According to US-based magazine Architectural Digest, the city may disappear in the next 100 years. 据美国《建筑文摘》杂志报道，这座城市可能在未来100年内消失。以及句子The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030. 《纽约时报》报道说，大部分已经死亡，到2030年，珊瑚礁系统可能会消失。可知，本文介绍了这些景点正在逐步的消失，因此最好的题目应该Disappearing Watery Wonders消失的水上奇观！故选A。
16．细节理解题。根据People are using water from the Jordan River, which takes water away from the Dead Sea. 人们正在使用约旦河的水，这条河将死海的水带走。由句子Now, with rising sea levels caused by human activities, it's sinking faster. 现在，随着人类活动引起的海平面上升，它下沉的速度越来越快。以及句子Human activities are changing the weather. Warming ocean, water kills the coral, and this causes problems up the food chain. 人类活动正在改变天气。海洋变暖，水杀死了珊瑚，这导致了食物链的问题。可知，这三个地方面临的问题的共同原因是因为人类活动造成的。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据The New York Times reported that large parts are already dead, and the reef system might be gone by 2030. 《纽约时报》报道说，大部分已经死亡，到2030年，珊瑚礁系统可能会消失。可知，如果汤姆想在这些地方消失之前游览一下，而且在接下来的15年里他应该先去大堡礁。因为大堡礁将会在（2030-2019=11）11后消失，故选D。
【点睛】
用细节定位法来做细节理解题。
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于中考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。
事实和细节题的命题特点是：把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答这类题的窍门是：A)注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）熟练运用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。
做细节题具体方法与步骤如下：
j 略读材料,大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。
k 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
l 将自己精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速通篇跳读，眼睛自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。
18．C
19．D
20．B
21．A

【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了火的发明，人们从原始社会从自然雷电获得火，再到摩擦生火，再到发明火柴和打火机，都说明了人类的进步。
18．
细节理解题，根据第一段“Later, they found out hitting two piece of stone together could make a spark. The spark could fire dry leaves.”可知火花可以点燃干枯的树叶，故选C。
19．
细节理解题，根据第一段“They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire”可知钻木取火的过程是ABC按顺序，故选D。
20．
细节理解题，根据最后一段 “About two centuries ago, people began to make matches”可知火柴的应用已有200多年的历史了，故选B。
21．
推理判断题。B选项“Some forest fires happen from lightening”一些森林大火是由闪电引起的，文中没有提到。根据最后一段“Today matches are still being used, people have more new ways to make fire. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is very useful”可知A选项表述正确，C选项“Today there are only two ways” 表述错误，D选项“haven't used matches”表述错误。故选A。
22．A
23．B
24．C
25．D

【分析】
文章大意：本文是新闻报道。习主席于2020年3月10日视察了湖北省省会武汉。习主席提到：虽然我们在预防和控制新的冠状病毒爆发方面取得了进展，但仍然是最重要的任务。在湖北和武汉，这种新型冠状病毒的传播已得到部分控制。习近平还鼓励当地居民和一线工作人员做好防控工作，保卫湖北、武汉，为夺取防疫战争胜利而奋斗。他指出，要及时满足人民群众的需要，特别是老年人、儿童、贫困家庭和残疾人。
22．
细节理解题。根据文中“Although the we have made progress in the prevention and control of the novel coronavirus outbreak(新冠肺炎的爆发)，it is still the most important task.” 虽然我们在预防和控制新的冠状病毒爆发方面取得了进展，但仍然是最重要的任务。可知，武汉、湖北现在最重要的任务是新型冠状病毒暴发的防治，故选A。
23．
细节理解题。根据文中“Wuhan people have developed the spirit of China, as well as the Chinese people's love for the family and the nation, which makes them thick and thin.” 武汉人发扬了中国精神，也培养了中国人对家庭和民族的热爱，使他们积极向上。可知，第4段主要告诉我们武汉人在防治疾病方面做出了巨大贡献。故选B。
24．
词义猜测题。根据文中“Xi went straight to Huoshenshan Hospital immediately after his arrival in Wuhan on Tuesday morning.” 习近平周二上午抵达武汉后，立即直接前往火神山医院。可知，第5段中的“immediately”一词是“立即”的意思，故选C。
25．
细节理解题。根据“In Hubei and Wuhan the spread of the novel coronavirus has been controlled in part.” 可知，在湖北和武汉，这种新型冠状病毒的传播已得到部分控制，所以D选项是错误的，故选D。
26．E
27．B
28．A
29．D
30．C

【分析】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述孩子感染新型冠状病毒的可能的途径以及父母如何保护孩子预防感染病毒的方法。
26．
句意：他们可能也受到接触传播感染。
根据后文“children will be infected by contacting with the mouth or nose or conjunctiva(结膜)of the eye through contaminated hands”可知此处讲述接触传播感染，选择与contact transmission有关的句子。故选E。
27．
句意：在什么情况下孩子们需要去医院呢？
根据后文“If the child has cough, fever and other symptoms, but didn't go outside nor had contact with infected patients”可知孩子如果有咳嗽、发烧和其他的症状，但是没有外出或者接触到被感染的病人，需要求助医疗，此处用疑问句“Under what kind of situation do children need to go to hospital”。故选B。
28．
句意：当孩子戴口罩，父母应该总是注意孩子是否呼吸困难。
根据“Parents should also check”可知此处讲述孩子戴口罩的情况父母需要关注，选择与children wear masks有关的句子。故选A。
29．
句意：使用含有酒精的洗手液。
根据“How to wash children's hands”可知此处与洗手有关，根据后一句“they are going out and can’t readily wash their hands with running water”可知与洗手液有关。故选D。
30．
句意：当外出时，怎样保护孩子不受病毒感染呢？
根据后文“If you must go out, wear a face mask, drive yourself and try not to use public transportation”可知如果你必须外出，需要戴口罩，自己开车以及试着不要使用公共交通。可知句子与外出going out有关，故选C。