高中英语高考2020高考英语--词类转换练习题（有答案）

这是一份高中英语高考2020高考英语--词类转换练习题（有答案），共12页。试卷主要包含了形容词→副词，名词→形容词，动词→__________名词，动词与形容词的转换，表示否定的前缀与后缀等内容，欢迎下载使用。
高考考点-------词类转换

考纲词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用汉语注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。
从近五年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换主要考查了以下5点：
(1)形容词→__________副词。
(2)名词→__________形容词。
(3)动词→__________名词。
(4)名词→__________动词。
(5)名词→__________名词(人)。

现将主要考点归纳如下：

1.形容词→副词(高频考点)

规律总结
请写出下列形容词的副词形式

1

一般直接加ly
quick→__________； rude→__________； wide→__________； real__________； fair→__________； certain→__________； careful→__________； final→__________； polite→__________； high→__________； official→__________； regular→__________；
actual→__________； slow→__________； sudden→__________

2
辅音字母+y→ily
easy→__________; angry→__________; happy→__________; heavy→__________; steady→__________; busy→__________; lucky→__________; 但shy→__________

3
ble→bly;
tle→tly;
ple→ply
possible→__________; probable→__________;
terrible→__________; noble→__________;
comfortable→__________; reliable→__________;
gentle→__________; ample→__________; simple→__________
4
(个别)去e加ly
true→__________; due→__________; whole→__________
5
以-ic结尾加ally
basic→__________; classic→__________; magic→__________; optimistic→__________; scientific →__________;
energetic→__________; 但public →__________
6
以-ll结尾加y
full→__________; dull→__________



2.名词→形容词

规律总结
请写出下列名词的形容词形式或形容词的名词形式
1
+al/去e,+al
music→musical; person→__________; nation→__________; tradition→__________; centre→__________; practice→__________; globe→__________; origin→__________
2
ture→tural
nature→natural; culture→__________; agriculture→__________; architecture→__________
3
ics→ical
politics→political; physics→__________; mathematics→__________; statistics →__________
4
+ern
east→eastern; west→__________; south→__________; north→__________; southwest→__________
5
+ible
access→accessible;注意horror→__________; terror→__________
6
+ful
care→__________； success→__________successful; power→__________; peace→__________; fruit→__________;
注意mercy→__________; beauty→__________
7
+ish
fool→foolish; self→__________; child→__________
8
+ous
danger→dangerous; humor→__________;
注意anxiety→__________; ambition→__________; curiosity→__________
9
-ance→-ant
importance→important; significance→__________; distance→__________； patience→__________
10
-ence→-ent
absence→absent; silence→__________; difference→__________; convenience→__________
11
-ency→-ent
fluency→fluent; efficiency→__________; emergency→__________; urgency→__________
12
+ly
friend→friendly; time→__________; man→__________; mother→__________；注意day→__________
13
+y;
去e,+y;
双写,+y
health→healthy; sleep→__________; difficult→__________;greed→__________; wealth→__________
noise→__________;
sun→__________; fog→__________; ice→__________;

形容词→名词

14
adj. +th→n.
warm→__________; 注意strong→strength; long→__________; wide→__________; true→__________
15
adj.+ness→n.
weak→__________weakness; kind→__________; ill→__________; sad→__________; 注意happy→__________
16
-ble→-bility
(adj.→n.)
able→ability; responsible→__________; possible→__________; flexible→__________
17
ate→acy
(adj.→n.)
accurate→__________; private→__________; adequate→__________
18
其他各类
free→freedom; wise→__________; cruel→__________; safe→__________; tire→__________; trouble→__________; history→__________; science→__________; brave→__________; short→__________

3.动词→__________名词
规律总结请写出下列动词的名词形式
1+ation expect→__________expectation; present→__________; 注意explain→__________
2去e，+ation invite→__________invitation; examine→__________; prepare→__________;
注意pronounce→__________
3去e，+tion produce→__________production; introduce→__________；注意describe→__________
4去e，+ion devote→__________devotion; pollute→__________; contribute→__________; revise→__________; educate→__________
5+ion act→__________action; attract→__________; protect→__________; suggest→__________；
注意intend→__________
discuss→__________discussion; express→__________; possess→__________; impress →__________
6去t/d/de，
+(s)sion admit→__________admission; permit→__________; extend→__________; conclude→__________; divide→__________
7+ance；去e，
+ance appear→__________appearance; perform→__________; acquaint→__________; guide→__________
8+ence exist→__________existence; prefer→__________; refer→__________; differ→__________;
depend→__________
9+ment;去e，+ment achieve→__________achievement; agree→__________; announce→ __________;
develop→__________; encourage→__________
10去e，+al arrive→__________arrival; approve→__________; survive→__________; refuse→__________
11+ure fail→__________failure; press→__________; depart→__________; mix→__________
12+yre cover→__________recovery; discover→__________
13其他choose→__________choice; vary→__________; tend→__________; advise→__________;
apologize→__________; classify→__________; grow→__________
4.名词/形容词→__________动词(写出动词的汉语意思)
1后缀en strength→__________strengthen；length→__________lengthen；height→__________heighten
soft→__________soften；weak→__________weaken；wide→__________widen；
less→__________lessen
short→__________shorten；broad→__________broaden；quick→__________quicken
2前缀enable→__________enable；large→__________enlarge；rich→__________enrich
courage→__________encourage；danger→__________endanger；compass→__________encompass
5.名词→__________表示人的名词
规律总结请写出下列表示人的名词
1+er sing→__________singer; teach→__________; strange→__________; village→__________;
employ→__________
2+or act→__________actor; invent→__________; educate→__________; visit→__________; conduct→__________
3+ee employ→__________; interview→__________; pay→__________ absent→__________
4+(r)ess act→__________actress; wait→__________; host→__________; steward→__________; 注意god→__________
5+ese Japan→__________Japanese; Vietnam→__________； 注意China→__________;Burma(缅甸)→__________
6+n Asia→__________Asian; America→__________; Australia→__________; India→__________;
Korea→__________
7(去y或s)+ian music→__________musician; history→__________; library→__________; physics→__________;
politics→__________
8+ist art→__________artist; novel→__________; tour→__________; 注意cycle→__________;
science→__________
9+ant assist→__________assistant; account→__________; consult→__________; 注意apply→__________;
serve→__________
10+ar lie→__________liar; beg→__________(注意拼写)
6.动词与形容词的转换
规律总结请写出下列动词的形容词形式或形容词的动词形式
1+able suit→__________suitable; comfort→__________; reason→__________；注意admire→__________; rely→__________
2+ful doubt→__________doubtful; harm→__________; hope→__________; care→__________;
use→__________
3+ive act→__________active; attract→__________; impress→__________; create→ __________
4+ary imagine→__________
5adj.+en→__________v.deep→__________deepen; wide→__________; less→__________; worse→__________
6en+adj.→__________v.large→__________enlarge; rich→__________; able→__________; noble→__________
7.表示否定的前缀与后缀
规律总结请写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语
1dis+advantage→__________disadvantage; agree→__________; appear→__________
2il/im/in legal→__________illegal; polite→__________; patient→__________; convenient→__________
3mis+understand→__________misunderstand; lead→__________; direct→__________; trust→__________
4un+able→__________unable; fair→__________; fit →__________; fortunate→__________; usual→__________
5+less hope→__________hopeless; end→__________; stain→__________; taste→__________; use→__________

考点练习题

在下列各句空白处填入所给单词的正确形式。
1. “No, sir. You must also start preparing for the winter if you want to have enough to eat,” the ant said __________ (serious).
2. Brazilian officials__________(sincere) hope hosting the games will improve life in Brazil.
3. It must take place in a__________(care) controlled environment, under the guidance of your doctor.
4. However, before I got on the bike, I felt__________(extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off …
5. You can imagine how__________(terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed upon me.
6.__________ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
7. If you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a __________(health) rhythm in your life.
8. My classmates attended__________(vary) events such as running, high jump and long jump.
9. I couldn’t imagine what it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the __________(power) effect the hurricane had on those people.
10. We can start the habit by writing summaries and remember to record something __________ (impress) and meaningful.
11. I heard that listening to classical music is __________(help) in reducing stress.
12. Some think it is __________(convenience) to get in touch with others with the cell-phone…
13. There’s clear__________(evident) that people who listen to lively music are lively people.
14. … more and more students would drop out of school if their personal__________(safe) could not be guaranteed.
15. The best speed__________(eat) train their stomachs to expand.
16. I had no__________(choose) but to prepare for it, though.
17. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool as they reaffirm(重新确认) the __________ (exist) of rules that need to be observed.
18. The students use a video game controller to direct its __________(move) in the tank.
19. A farmer once organized a __________(compete) between his dog and his rabbit.
20. Actually with my __________(confident) building up, I now turn out to be a great speaker.
21. I went off in search of him in hopes that I could __________(unite) him with his owners.
22. Actually, I__________(agree) with you over this matter. I have my own view.
23. I am sorry I__________(understand) what you said.
24. It was important for you to__________(write) the essay to polish it according to the editor’s suggestion.
25. You will be fined if you smoke in public in Hong Kong because it is__________(legal) to do so.
26. In most countries, it is __________(polite) to ask about other people’s income.
27. She was taken to hospital suffering from an __________(regular) heartbeat.
28. She is not easy to get along with. I find her very cool and__________(friendly).
29. If you are__________ (willing) to go, don’t hesitate to say no.
30. Many cities in China now have direct or__________(stop) flights to Beijing.
31. We must__________(large) our views by reading.
32. The audience warmly clapped to welcome the world-famous__________(violin), one of the best in the world.
33. The boss of the company is a woman, and most of her__________(employ) are also women.
34. He has a strong desire to become a__________(music), so he works hard.
35. People in China don’t like hugging each other when meeting, which is a common practice in some__________(Europe) countries.
36. As the wages were low, there were few__________(apply) for the job.
37. We are ready to face any __________(hard).
38. Just as the old saying goes,__________(honest) is the best policy.
39. They show great__________(anxious) about their retirement allowance.
40. I don’t think you are telling me the whole (true) about what happened.

考点归纳答案
1.形容词→副词

规律总结请写出下列形容词的副词形式
1一般直接加ly quick→quickly； rude→rudely； wide→widely； real→really； fair→fairly; certain→certainly; careful→carefully; final→finally; polite→politely; high→highly; official→officially; regular→regularly; actual→actually; slow→slowly; sudden→suddenly
2辅音字母+y→ily easy→easily； angry→angrily； happy→happily； heavy→heavily； steady→steadily； busy→busily; lucky→luckily；但shy→shyly
3ble→bly，tle→tly，
ple→ply possible→possibly； probable→probably； terrible→terribly； noble→nobly; comfortable→comfortably; reliable→reliably；gentle→gently;ample→amply;simple→simply
4(个别)去e加ly true→truly; due→duly（按时地）; whole→wholly
5以ic结尾加ally basic→basically; classic→classically; magic→magically; optimistic→optimistically; scientific→scientifically; energetic→energetically; 但public→publicly
6以ll结尾加yfull→fully（完全地）；dull→dully（迟钝地）

2.名词→形容词

规律总结请写出下列名词的形容词形式或形容词的名词形式
1+al/去e,+al music→musical; person→personal; nation→national; tradition→traditional; centre→central; practice→practical; globe→global; origin→original
2ture→tural nature→natural; culture→cultural; agriculture→agricultural; architecture→architectural
3ics→ical politics→political; physics→physical; mathematics→mathematical; statistics→statistical
4+ern east→eastern; west→western; south→southern; north→northern; southwest→southwestern
5+ible access→accessible；注意horror→horrible; terror→terrible
6+fulcare→careful; success→successful; power→powerful; peace→peaceful；fruit→fruitful; 注意mercy→merciful; beauty→beautiful
7+ish fool→foolish; self→selfish; child→childish
8+ousdanger→dangerous；humor→humorous；注意anxiety→anxious; ambition→ambitious; curiosity→curious
9ance→ant importance→important; significance→significant; distance→distant; patience→patient
10ence→ent absence→absent; silence→silent; difference→different; convenience→convenient
11ency→entfluency→fluent; efficiency→efficient; emergency→emergent; urgency→urgent
12+ly friend→friendly; time→timely; man→manly; mother→motherly;注意day→daily
13ble→bilityable→ability; responsible→responsibility; possible→possibility; flexible→flexibility
14+y; 去e，+y;双写，+y health→healthy; sleep→sleepy; difficult→difficulty; noise→noisy; sun→sunny;
fog→foggy; ice→icy; greed→greedy; wealth→wealthy
15adj.+ness→n.weak→weakness; kind→kindness; ill→illness; sad→sadness； 注意happy→happiness
16adj. +th→n.warm→warmth; 注意strong→strength; long→length; wide→width; true→truth
17ate→acy accurate→accuracy; private→privacy; adequate→adequacy
18其他各类free→freedom; wise→wisdom; cruel→cruelty; safe→safety; tire→tiresome; trouble→troublesome; history→historic(al); science→scientific; brave→bravery; short→shortage

3.动词→名词
规律总结请写出下列动词的名词形式
1+ation expect→expectation; present→presentation; 注意explain→explanation
2去e，+atio ninvite→invitation; examine→examination; prepare→preparation; 注意pronounce→pronunciation
3去e，+tion produce→production; introduce→introduction; 注意describe→description
4去e，+ion devote→devotion; pollute→pollution; contribute→contribution; revise→revision; educate→education
5+ion act→action; attract→attraction; protect→protection; suggest→suggestion；注意intend→intention
discuss→discussion; express→expression; possess→possession; impress→impression
6去t/d/de，+(s)sion admit→admission; permit→permission; extend→extension; conclude→conclusion; divide→division
7+ance；去e，+ance appear→appearance; perform→performance; acquaint→acquaintance; guide→guidance
8+enceexist→existence; prefer→preference; refer→reference; differ→difference; depend→dependence
9+ment；去e，+ment achieve→achievement; agree→agreement; announce→announcement; develop→development; encourage→encouragement
10去e，+alarrive→arrival; approve→approval; survive→survival; refuse→refusal
11+ure fail→failure; press→pressure; depart→departure; mix→mixture
12+yre cover→recovery; discover→discovery
13其他choose→choice; vary→variety; tend→tendency; advise→advice; apologize→apology; classify→classification; grow→growth

4.名词/形容词→动词
1后缀en加强；延长；提高；
软化；削弱；加宽；减少；
使变短；使变宽；加快
2前缀en使能够；扩大；使富有；
鼓励；危及；包围

5.名词→表示人的名词
规律总结请写出下列表示人的名词
1+er sing→singer; teach→teacher; strange→stranger; village→villager; employ→employer
2+or act→actor; invent→inventor; educate→educator; visit→visitor; conduct→conductor
3+ee employ→employee; interview→interviewee; pay→payee; absent→absentee
4+（r）ess act→actress; wait→waitress; host→hostess; steward→stewardess；注意god→goddess
5+eseJapan→Japanese; Vietnam→Vietnamese；注意China→Chinese;Burma(缅甸)→Burmese
6+n Asia→Asian; America→American; Australia→Australian; India→Indian; Korea→Korean
7（去y或s）+ian music→musician; history→historian; library→librarian; physics→physician; politics→politician
8+istart→artist; novel→novelist; tour→tourist；注意cycle→cyclist; science→scientist
9+ant assist→assistant; account→accountant; consult→consultant；注意apply→applicant; serve→servant
10+arlie→liar; beg→beggar（注意拼写）

6.动词→形容词
规律总结请写出下列动词的形容词形式或形容词的动词形式
1+able suit→suitable; comfort→comfortable; reason→reasonable；注意admire→admirable; rely→reliable
2+ful doubt→doubtful; harm→harmful; hope→hopeful; care→careful; use→useful
3+ive act→active; attract→attractive; impress→impressive; create→creative
4+ary imagine→imaginary
5adj.+en→v.deep→deepen; wide→widen; less→lessen; worse→worsen
6en+adj.→v.large→enlarge; rich→enrich; able→enable; noble→ennoble

7.表示否定的前缀与后缀
规律总结请写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语
1dis+advantage→disadvantage; agree→disagree; appear→disappear
2il/im/in legal→illegal; polite→impolite; patient→impatient; convenient→inconvenient
3mis+understand→misunderstand; lead→mislead; direct→misdirect; trust→mistrust
4un+able→unable; fair→unfair; fit→unfit; fortunate→unfortunate; usual→unusual
5+less hope→hopeless; end→endless; stain→stainless; taste→tasteless; use→useless

考点练习题答案

1. Seriously 2. sincerely
3. carefully 4. extremely
5. terribly 6. Obviously
7. healthy 8. various
9. powerful 10. impressive
11. helpful 12. convenient
13. evidence 14. safety
15. eaters 16. choice
17. existence 18. movements
19. competition 20. confidence
21. reunite 22. disagree
23. misunderstood 24. rewrite
25. illegal 26. impolite
27. irregular 28. unfriendly
29. unwilling 30. non--stop
31. enlarge 32. violinist
33. employees 34. musician
35. European 36. applicants
37. hardship 38. honesty
39. anxiety 40. truth