高中英语高考2020高考英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics练习含解析新人教版必修

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　Unit 1　Cultural relicsⅠ.阅读理解　A　The Leaning Tower of Pisa was not leaning when it was built in 1173 and it was straight like a pole.It started to shift direction soon after construction because of the poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil(底土).At the beginning,it leaned to the southeast before the shaky foundation started to shift leaning towards the southwest.After the period of structural strengthening in the beginning of 21st century,now the Leaning Tower of Pisa leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.In 1178,the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor.The tower was very heavy for the three-meter foundation that was built on a weak area of land.For compensating(补偿) the leaning position,the builders started to construct the upper floors with one side higher than the other one.This caused the tower to lean in the other direction.This unusual structure led to the tower being actually curved.In spite of these efforts,the tower kept on leaning.The government of Italy started to plan a prevention of the complete collapse of the tower in 1964.However,a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.After nearly two decades of careful planning by engineers,historians and mathematicians,the stabilization efforts for the Leaning Tower of Pisa started in 1990.The tower was closed for the general public and the people living nearby moved away.For reducing the total weight of the tower,its seven bells which represented the seven musical notes were removed.The tower was reopened for the general public on December 15,2001.In May 2008,after removing another 70 metric tons of earth,the engineers announced that the tower had been finally stabilized and it would remain stable for at least 200 years.1.Why did the Leaning Tower of Pisa begin to lean?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.It was too high like a pole.     B.Its foundation was far from strong.C.The work of repair was delayed. D.Its foundation shook badly.2.When did people notice the Leaning Tower of Pisa shift its direction?A.As soon as it was constructed. B.At the end of the construction.C.Soon after the construction.   D.In the course of the construction.3.Why did the authorities prefer to keep the leaning position of the Leaning Tower of Pisa?A.They wanted to attract more tourists.B.They lacked funds then.C.It was an impossible mission to make the Tower up-straight.D.They were short of engineers,historians and mathematicians.4.Which of the following is the right order according to this passage?a.People noticed the tower began to shift its direction.b.The repair work was carried out last time.c.The Leaning Tower of Pisa was repaired for the first time.d.The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built.e.The tower was opened to the visitors again.f.The government started to make a plan for the tower.A.c,d,a,f,b,e B.f,e,a,d,c,b C.d,e,b,f,c,a D.d,a,f,c,e,b语篇解读:本文是记叙文。主要介绍了比萨斜塔倾斜的原因以及目前的状况。答案及剖析:1.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中because of the poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil可知,塔开始倾斜的原因之一是地基不牢固,故选B项。2.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句In 1178,the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor.可知,人们是在建设中发现比萨斜塔倾斜的,故选D项。3.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中第二句However,a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.可知,考虑到当地的旅游业,也就是为了吸引更多的游客,当权者希望保持斜塔的倾斜。故选A项。4.D　细节排序题。根据题目中所列举的事实发生的时间可知,D项的顺序和文章的内容保持一致,故选D项。　B　The Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail Needs Your HelpFew hiking paths offer such great views as the Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail.This splendid path stretches from the canyon rim to the Colorado River,with a nearly 2,000-foot drop in the first 2.5 miles.During its glorious times in the early 1900s,the impressive Hermit Trail led to a large number of campsites for tourists.Now a “shadow of its former self” due to time and natural damage,the nearly 10-mile hike is reserved only for experienced backpackers,according to the National Park Service.It’s not nearly as accessible as it used to be.That’s because the Hermit Trail is in desperate need of repairs.Rockslides and wild plants have overtaken some sections of the path,leading hikers off-route where they damage other plants.Weather has washed out some areas of the trail,making it unsafe for inexperienced hikers.But things may soon turn around,and you can help:Grand Canyon Association(GCA),a non-profit association,is making a huge push to repair the Hermit Trail.The organization will use traveller donations to restore(修复)this trail to its former glory.The association is an independent fundraising group that works directly with the National Park Service to restore trails in need.Every donation made to “trail restoration” on the association’s website will go toward the Hermit Trail.If you’ve been looking to make a difference while you travel,consider this an excellent way to do so next year.See you on the trail!5.Why is the Hermit Trail less accessible?A.It’s hard to find.        B.It’s in bad condition.C.It’s not open to visitors. D.It’s now a nature reserve.6.What is the GCA going to do?A.Make more profits. B.Attract more tourists.C.Set up a new website. D.Repair the Hermit Trail.7.What’s the purpose of the text?A.To introduce a tourist attraction. B.To make an appeal for donations.C.To found a none-profit organization. D.To advocate environmental protection.语篇解读:本文主要介绍了the Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail的现状,并呼吁读者为the Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail的维修捐款。答案及剖析:5.B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,现在由于the Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail年久失修,导致许多地方游客都没法游览,故选B项。6.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The organization will use traveller donations to restore(修复)this trail to its former glory.可知,Grand Canyon Association将用捐款维修the Hermit Trail,故选D项。7.B　主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段首句中you can help和最后一段最后两句可知,这篇文章的目的是呼吁读者为维修the Grand Canyon’s Hermit Trail捐款,故选B项。Ⅱ.语法填空(2018德州模拟检测题)Kids who use media in unhealthy ways may have problems 1.　　　　relationships, conduct and other emotional symptoms, lead author of a US new study warned. A study of the University of Michigan (UM)2.　　　　(release) recently on its website found that how children use the devices, rather than how much time they spend on them,3.　　　　 (be) the strongest predictor of emotional or social problems connected with screen 4.　　　　 (addict ). The study revealed that 5.　　　　matters most is whether screen use causes problems in other areas of life or has become 6.　　　　all-consuming activity.Some of the warning 7.　　　　 (sign) include: if screen time interferes with daily activities, causes conflict for the child or in the family, or is the only activity 8.　　　　brings the child joy.Though much research 9.　　　　 (exist) on adolescents and screen use, this is considered as the first tool to measure how addicted children are to screen media.It will be a 10.　　　　 (value) tool for parents, clinicians and researchers. 答案及剖析:1.with/in　考查介词。此处表示在人际关系、行为和其他情感症状方面有问题。指“在……方面”用介词with/in。2.released　考查动词。句中主语study和动词release是被动关系,此处是过去分词作定语,故填released。3.is　考查主谓一致。宾语从句中的主语how children use the devices是句子,谓语动词与之一致用单数,故填is。4.addiction　考查名词。此处指“屏幕上瘾”,在句中作宾语,用名词。故填addiction。5.what　考查名词性从句的引导词。此处引导宾语从句中的主语从句,指最要紧的东西,用what引导。故填what。6.an　考查冠词。句中名词activity是可数名词,表泛指,all开头是元音音素,故填an。7.signs　考查名词。sign是可数名词,此处为“some of+名词复数”结构,故填signs。8.that　考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句,先行词是activity指物,由the only修饰,用关系代词that引导,故填that。9.exists　考查动词。主语(much) research是不可数名词,谓语动词与之一致,用第三人称单数,故填exists。10.valuable　考查形容词。此处修饰名词tool,用形容词,指一种有用的工具。故填valuable。Ⅲ.短文改错(2018聊城模拟检测题)Last week, our school hold an activity about how to help some poor children to go to school and live their childhood happy.First, some old textbooks were collected and sent to those children so that the books could reused by them.Second, we made speeches in the public to appeal to more people and organization to help and care for those poor children.Beside, after the speeches, some students even donated his pocket money and clothes.They were proud of that they did.Thanks for the activity, I have made up my mind to do more to help the children in need, for giving is better than receive.答案:Last week, our school an activity about how to help some poor children to go to school  and live their childhood .First, some old textbooks were collected and sent to those children so that the books could reused by them.Second, we made speeches in  the  public to appeal to more people and to help and care for those poor children., after the  speeches, some students even donated pocket money and clothes.They were proud of they did.Thanks the activity, I have made up my mind to do more to help the  children in need, for giving is better than .剖析:根据时间状语Last week可知,本文是叙述过去发生的事,用一般过去时。故hold改为held。此处修饰动词live用副词,指幸福地生活,故happy改为happily。句中是情态动词的被动语态,结构为:could+be+过去分词。故reused前加be。in public “公开地,当众”,是固定短语。故删除public前的the。organization是可数名词,和and前的people并列,由more修饰,用名词复数。故organization改为 organizations。beside是介词,指“在……旁边”, besides是副词,“此外,而且”。此处表示“此外”,故Beside改为Besides。此处指代句中提到的some students,是复数,用their指代。故his改为their。此处指他们为他们所做的事感到自豪,指代他们所做的事,用what引导,故that改为what。thanks for “因……感谢”,thanks to “由于,幸亏”,此处表示“由于,幸亏”,在句中作状语,表原因,故for改为to。和句中的giving对比,也用动词-ing形式,故receive改为 receiving。