专题01 特殊句式-2023年高考语文文言文小句突破精练

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一、文言文特殊句式小句突破精练时仁宗亲策贤良、茂才等科，而命与武举人杂视。（宋）庠言：“非所以待天下士，宜如本朝故事，命有司具饮膳，斥武举人令别试。”诏从之。译文：                                                                      2.（冯）唐曰：“陛下虽得廉颇、李牧，弗能用也。”上怒，起入禁中。良久，召唐让曰：“公奈何众辱我，独无间处乎？”译文：                                                                                                                                            3. （褚翔）出为义兴太守，寻征为吏部郎，去郡，百姓无老少追送出境，涕泣拜辞。译文：                                                                                                                                            4. （陈）治中策蹇驴，时犹布衣，见先生风神高简，问曰：“得非吕徽之乎？”译文：                                                                                                                                            5.会陈献章被征来京师，钦(指传主贺钦)听其论学，叹曰：“至性不显，真理犹霾，世即用我，而我奚以为用？”即日上疏解官去，执弟子礼事献章。译文：                                                                     6. 后数日，复会议可复孝惠、孝景庙不，议者皆曰宜复。（龚）胜曰：“当如礼。”（夏侯）常复谓胜：“礼有变。”胜疾言曰：“去！是时之变。”常恚，谓胜曰：“我视君何若，君欲小与众异，外以采名，君乃申徒狄属耳！”译文：                                                                                                                                            7.专诸曰：“（吴）王僚可杀也。母老子弱，而两弟将兵伐楚，楚绝其后。方今吴外困于楚，而内空无骨鲠之臣，是无如我何。”译文：                                                                                                                                            8. 谏官卫肤敏坐论元祐太后兄子徙官，（朱）胜非言以外戚故去谏臣，非所以示天下。译文：                                                                                                                                            9.苏轼母程氏读东汉《范滂传》，慨然太息，轼请曰：“轼若为滂，母许之否乎？”程氏曰：“汝能为滂，吾顾不能为滂母邪？”译文：                                                                                                                                            10. 有盗系狱，会虎为暴，盗请格虎自赎，（元德秀）许之。吏曰：“彼诡计，且亡去，无乃为累乎？”译文：                                                                                                                                            11.始与君侯（指田千秋）俱受先帝遗诏，今光（指霍光）治内，君侯治外，宜有以教督，使光毋负天下。译文：                                                                                                                                            12. 至鱼儿海，（蒋）贵等以刍饷不继，留十日引还。（罗）亨信让之曰：“公等受国厚恩，敢临敌退缩耶？死法孰与死敌？”译文：                                                                                                                                            13.环视左右山，逶迤盘踞，如虎伏龙行，水绕其势如弯弓。隔岸诸峰层叠，秀丽如画。较以形胜，此亦足恃，而顾不能救国之亡，岂地势无与于人事；抑天命已去，非此所能胜欤？悄然而退。译文：                                                                                                                                            14. （孙）权闻之，幸（是）仪舍，求视蔬饭，亲尝之，对之叹息，即增俸赐，益田宅。仪累辞让。时时有所进达，未尝盲人之短。权常责仪以不言事，无所是非。译文：                                                                                                                                            15.子夏之门人问交于子张。子张曰：“子夏云何？”对曰：“子夏曰：‘可者与之，其不可者拒之。’”子张曰：“异乎吾所闻：君子尊贤而容众，嘉善而矜不能。我之大贤与，于人何所不容？”译文：                                                                                                                                            16.（章）溢对曰：“天道无常，惟德是辅，惟不嗜杀者能一之耳。”（明）太祖伟其言，授佥营田司事。译文：                                                                                                                                            17.凡卜筮者，将以决嫌疑，定犹豫，今既事在不疑，何卜之有？
译文：                                                                                                                                             18. 平原君（朱建）刻廉刚直，行不苟合。辟阳侯行不正，得幸吕太后。时辟阳侯欲知平原君，平原君不肯见。及平原君母死，陆生（贾）素与平原君善，过之。平原君家贫，未有以发丧，方假贷服具，陆生令平原君发丧。译文：                                                                                                                                            19.人君无愚、智、贤、不肖,莫不欲求忠以自为,举贤以自佐 。译文：                                                                                                                                            20.太宗谓玄龄曰：“卿但知南衙事，我北门小小营造，何妨卿事？”玄龄等拜谢。魏征进曰：“臣不解陛下责，亦不解玄龄等谢。既任大臣，即陛下股肱耳目，有所营造.何容不知。”译文：