专题10 使动用法-2023年高考语文文言文小句突破精练

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一0、文言文使动用法小句突破精练1.有运饷官以弃运走，道死，其孙以赂乞入死事之列，先生斥而退之。译文：                                                                                                                                                                         2.（周宣王）追之太原，及境而止，不欲弊中国，怒远夷也。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    3.隆庆元年六月，京师雨潦坏庐舍，命（王）廷督御史分行振恤。会朝觐天下官，廷请严禁馈遗，酌道里费，以儆官邪，苏民力。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    4.上读表，曰：“孰谓方氏无人哉？是可以活其命矣。”乃赦之，不问。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    5. 孟子曰：“今之事君者曰：‘我能为君辟土地，充府库。’--今之所谓良臣，古之所谓民贼也。君不向道，不志于仁，而求富之，是富桀也。”译文：                                                                                                                                                                    6.夫孟子岂不欲周之子孙王天下而朝诸侯？译文：                                                                                                                                                                    7.（蔡）茂喜（董）宣刚正，欲令朝廷禁制贵戚，乃上书曰："臣闻兴化致教，必由进善；康国宁人，莫大理恶。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    8.元昊死，谅祚立，方幼，三大将分治其国。议者谓可因此时，以节度使啖三将，使各有所部分，以弱其势，可不战而屈矣。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    9.（高）允秋月巡境，问民疾苦。至邵县，见邵公庙废毁不立，乃曰：“邵公之德，阙而不礼，为善者何望。”乃表闻修葺之。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    10. 凡战之道，未战养其财，将战养其力，既战养其气，既胜养其心。谨烽燧，严斥堠，使耕者无所顾忌，所以养其财；丰犒而优游之，所以养其力。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    11.曼卿，讳延年，姓石氏，其上世为幽州人。幽州入于契丹，其祖自成始以其族闲走南归。天子嘉其来，将禄之，不可，乃家于宋州之宋城。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    12、太孺人为人恭敬仁爱。丐妇有老而谨者时时至，或辍食食之，彻茵席寝之。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    13.季文子相宣、成，无衣帛之妾，无食粟之马。仲孙它谏曰：“子为鲁上卿，相二君矣，妾不衣帛，马不食粟。人其以子为爱，且不华国乎！”译文：                                                                                                                                                                    14.（吕）祖泰知必死，冀以身悟朝廷，无惧色。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    15.夫君子之已乱，岂有异术哉？制其喜怒，而无失乎仁而已矣。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    16.三年，大将田重进征契丹，命（袁）继忠为定州路行营马步军都监。领师取飞狐，下灵丘，平蔚州，擒其帅大鹏翼以献。至定州，重进欲斩降卒后期至者，继忠谕以杀降不祥，皆救免之。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    17.（贾）耽每畋，从数百骑，往往人（李）纳境，纳大喜，然畏其德，不敢谋。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    18.帝既出，又过其子（何）劭。（何）曾先敕劭曰：“客必过汝，汝当豫严。”劭不冠带，停帝良久，曾深以谴劭。曾见崇重如此。 译文：                                                                                                                                                                    19.苟（鲁庄）公之德可怀诸侯，而不事乎战则已耳。译文：                                                                                                                                                                    20.（崔慰祖） 与丹阳丞刘讽素善，（始安王萧）遥光据东府反，慰祖在城内。城未溃一日，讽谓之曰：“卿有老母，宜出。”命门者出之。慰祖诣阙自首，系尚方①，病卒。【注释】①尚方：古代制造帝王所用器物的官署。  译文：