陕西高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份陕西高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共25页。
阅读理解
People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.
First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to “Great Britain”. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.
To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!
England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture.
1．What’s the part of Ireland that separated from England called?
A．Wales. B．Scotland.
C．Republic of Southern Ireland. D．Northern Ireland.
2．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?
A．The history of England. B．How was the UK formed.
C．How is England divided. D．The differences in the four countries.
3．What does the four countries have in common?
A．Educational system. B．Legal system. C．Football team. D．The currency.
4．Which zone has the most population of England?
A．The South of England. B．The Midlands.
C．The North of England. D．The West of England.

A group of researchers has developed a new material which is as soft as cotton but as strong as Kevlar and as conductive as many metals. It can be worn and washed like normal clothing and could eventually turn athletic clothes into smart “wearables”.
The so-called “carbon nanotube(纳米管)threads” work similarly to the wires in an EKG (心电图)monitoring device, which measures heart rhythms to detect heart conditions. But instead of having to be patched(贴上)onto the skin, they can be sewn into a T-shirt and worn like normal athletic clothes, according to a new study from researches at a Rice University Brown School of Engineering lab. And unlike wires. they say the threads can comfortably move with the wearer. and be washed, stretched and worn repeatedly without breaking down.
The Rice University lab first developed carbon nanotube fiber in 2013, and has studied its use in medical operations, such as in cochlear(耳蜗的) implants for hearing loss and to repair damaged hearts. But at the time, the original filaments (细丝) were too thin to be used by a standard sewing machine.
For this latest one, researchers worked with a rope-maker to weave the filaments together into a material similar to regular sewing thread that could be sewn into athletic clothes. The resulting “smart” shirt provides “soft, wearable, dry sensors for continuous” EKG monitoring, the study states.
Though likely a long way off from going into production for consumers. the material could eventually help replace heavy EKG monitors in medical settings and heart rate monitoring watches. With some changes, clothes with these fibers could eventually be able to track other vital signs, according to the researchers.
“You just don’t find soft, flexible, thread-like materials that are comfortable to the touch, that you can work with, that you can build a bridge or you can build a power line out of , but you can also run it through a sewing machine. ” said Oliver Dewy, a member of the research team. “Nothing else behaves like this. ”
5．What’s the feature of the new material?
A．It’s soft but not strong enough.
B．It’s flexible but not comfortable.
C．It can conduct electricity easily.
D．It’s too thin to be used by a standard sewing machine.
6．What was the carbon nanotube fiber used for initially?
A．Measuring heart rhythms.
B．Being sewn into athletic clothes.
C．Helping patients with hearing loss.
D．Improving exercise capacity of athletes.
7．What’s Oliver Dewy’s attitude to this new material?
A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Critical.
8．What’s the best title of the text?
A．The Future of Sports Clothes
B．Portable Accurate EKG Monitoring Device
C．The Study of Carbon Nanotube Fiber
D．Measuring Heart Rate Through a Smart Shirt

What do you do with your clothes that you don’t want to wear anymore? Through cutting, stitching(缝)and redesigning. Baxter Salzwedel has found a fashionable way to be sustainnble(可持续的).
In March, recycling clothes earned the 17-year-old from Elkhart Lake-Glenbeulah High School in Wisconsin, US, a finalist spot in the Young Entrepreneurs competition. The competition was hosted by Junior Achievement of Wisconsin, a non-profit organization. He won a scholarship of $10, 000 for his sustainable clothing brand The Mad Patcher.
In the beginning. Salzwedel just worked with clothes for fun. He learned his sewing skills at a young age from his grandmother. He then started to tear up his old jeans to try and create cool new designs. The fun hobby quickly turned into a business for Salzwedel when his friends and classmates started asking him to make customized clothing for them.
“So many people wanted them that I wasn’t going to make 150 pairs of pants for free, so that was when 1 had to start making a business out of it, ” Salzwedel told the Sheboygan Press.
In 2021, Salzwedel started his clothing brand. He uses colourful and patterned fabrics(布 料) from other clothes to create his patchwork(拼接) designs, like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or recycled materials to ensure maximum sustainability.
Salzwedel has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes, and he donated 25 percent of his profits to non-profit organizations.
Talking about the competition, Salzwedel said, “It was exciting to do that and meet all sorts of young people with similar ideas. ” The teenager planned to use the prize to attend the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York. The college is one of the most famous fashion schools in the world. Meanwhile, he will continue doing his business even after he graduates. For Salzwedel, The Mad Patcher is a lifelong project worth working on.

9．What inspired Salzwedel to do business?
A．His interest in fashion design.
B．The popularity of his pants.
C．His grandmother’s encouragement.
D．The growing problem of fashion waste.
10．What does the text tell us about The Mad Patcher?
A．It aims to promote second-hand clothes.
B．It uses donated materials to reduce costs.
C．It produces sustainable fashion products.
D．It copies designs from well-established brands.
11．What does Salzwedel plan to do with the scholarship?
A．Grow his clothing brand.
B．Earn a degree in fashion.
C．Donate it to a fashion school.
D．Cooperate with like-minded people.
12．Which of the following can best describe Salzwedel?
A．Strong but selfish.
B．Brave and determined.
C．Talented but negative.
D．Creative and generous.

Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to vanquish Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northem Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750, 000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Though many people still follow the routine nowadays, more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence,Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, ete.
13．What does the underlined word “vanquish” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Conquer. B．Ruin.
C．Protect. D．Free.
14．Why did the population of Ireland once decrease greatly?
A．The Irish were killed by the English rulers.
B．The Irish were affected by a deadly disease.
C．The Irish suffered from food and work shortage.
D．The Irish were not eager to give birth to babies.
15．How did most Irish people make their living?
A．By working in government.
B．By working in the fields.
C．By trading with other countries.
D．By performing musical instruments.
16．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Life in Ireland
B．The Independence of Ireland
C．A Very Difficult History
D．Ireland, Past and Present

Forecasting the technological future is difficult. Back in the 1980s, the thought of carrying around a small, portable phone seemed to belong in the world of science fiction. Then in the 1990s, imagining a phone that would allow you to surf the Internet something that didn’t even exist until 1990 was unheard-of. Today, smartphones can surf the Web, run applications and play games,and those with a near field communication (NFC) chip can act as a way to make purchases. And they can still make phone calls, too.
So what will phones look like in 2050? Based upon phone customer behavior, I imagine the future phones will rely more on combiningour physical lives with our digital lives. They probably won’t be similar to the ones we’re reusing now. They’ll be built into other devices and products. Imagine a pair of glasses that can display a digital overlay on top of your physical surroundings.
I don’t think video chat is taking off despite services like Skype and FaceTime. Rather, the trend seems to be toward asynchronous (非同步的) communication. That means the two or more people in a conversation complete a discussion over time.
We might even see the phone part of phones disappear. Recent phone customer behavior suggests that texting is a more popular way to communicate than telephone calls. Future phones will need a way to display messages but don’t necessarily include voice communication.
Since we’re talking about 2050 here, there’s even the possibility that research into brain-computer interfaces (脑机接口) will have reached a point in which we won’t need a physical screen or microphone at all. Electronics could be built into clothing. You’d link the devices to an interface connected to your brain and post messages just through thought. I’d be a form of telepathy (心灵感应).
But what do you think? Will we be wearing devices that let us communicate easily? Or will we be carrying around the iPhone 47 and answering texts between games of Angry Birds? Let us know your predictions.
17．What will future phones be like according to the author?
A．Texting may disappear.
B．NFC chips can be used for purchasing.
C．Phones will combine our lives with our work.
D．Phones may be built into other products.
18．With the development of brain-computer interfaces, .
A．we may send messages just through thought
B．phones can be connected directly to your brain
C．clothing may be made into the screen of phones
D．telepathy between people and animals may come true
19．From the text, we know that .
A．people started surfing the Internet in the 1980s
B．we will be carrying around the iPhone 47 in 2050
C．the author’s prediction about phones is based on phone customer behavior
D．the author is negative about the development of brain-computer interfaces
20．Which column of the newspaper does the passage come from?
A．Economy. B．Science.
C．Health. D．Entertainment.

Climate change disproportionately affects the world’s most vulnerable people, particularly poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livelihoods and coastal populations throughout the tropics. We have already seen a chain of tough suffering that results from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires, and more.
For remedies, advocates and politicians have tended to look toward cuts in fossil-fuel use or technologies to capture carbon before it enters the atmosphere—both of which are crucial. But this focus has overshadowed the most powerful and cost-efficient carbon capture technology in the world. Recent research confirms that forests are absolutely essential in reducing climate change, thanks to their ability to absorb and isolate carbon. In fact, natural climate solutions such as conservation and restoration of forests, along with improvements in land management, can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target of limiting warming to a maximum of two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, even though they currently receive only 2.5 percent of public climate financing.
Forests’ power to store carbon dioxide is staggering: one tree can store an average of about 48 pounds in one year. Intact(完整的)forests could take in the CO2 emissions of some entire countries.
For this reason, policymakers and business leaders must create and enforce policies to prevent deforestation, foster, reforestation of degraded land, and promote the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change. Protecting the world’s forests ensures they can keep performing essential functions such as producing oxygen, filtering water and supporting biodiversity. Not only does the world’s entire population depend on forests to provide clean air, clean water, oxygen and medicines, but 1.6 billion people also rely on them directly for their livelihoods.
Unfortunately, a huge amount of forest continues to be converted into agricultural land to produce a handful of resource-intensive commodities - despite zero-deforestation commitments from companies and governments. So now is the time to increase forest protection and restoration. This action will also address a number of other pressing global issues. For example, in less developed, rural areas - especially in the tropics - community-based forest-management programs can forge pathways out of poverty. In the Peten region of Guatemala, for instance, community-managed forests boasted a near-zero deforestation rate from 2000 through 2013, as compared with 12 percent in nearby protected areas and buffer(缓冲)zones. These communities have built low-impact, sustainable forest-based businesses that have stimulated the economy of the region enough to fund the creation of local schools and health services. Their success is especially noticeable in a location where, outside these community-managed zones, deforestation rates have increased 20-fold.
21．Which of the following statements about natural climate solutions is true according to the passage?
A．They are the only effective strategies available to address the climate change.
B．They pale in comparison with the reduction in fossil-fuel use or technologies.
C．They can and should play a more important role in cutting carbon emissions.
D．They manage to limit warming to two degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
22．The word “staggering” (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “_________”.
A．documented B．incredible
C．unsteady D．negligible
23．Which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree with?
A．The policies to prevent deforestation have borne fruit.
B．Developed countries are hit the hardest by climate change.
C．Economic growth contributes a lot to reducing deforestation.
D．Some governments fail to keep their promises to preserve forests.
24．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Keeping forests undamaged can go a long way toward saving the planet.
B．A high-tech climate fix is required to dramatically lessen global warming.
C．Governments should work together with businesses to stop deforestation.
D．Sustainable management of forests is crucial in powering regional development.

We all know that drinking too much is bad for us, but what about moderate (适度的) drinking?
We’ve known about the association between moderate drinking and good health for quite some time. Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and obesity than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink. It’s fairly well-established that,if you look at society at large,people who drink a moderate amount are the healthiest in a number of ways.
The problem is that moderate drinking isn’t an isolated (孤立的) behaviour .You can’t easily separate moderate drinking from the people who drink moderately, which means that you can’t easily identify whether it’s actually the alcohol that’s improving people’s health or something more complex.
The issue is pretty obvious when you look at the people who drink moderately in all of these studies.They tend to be wealthier,more educated,smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink. People who don’t drink alcohol are also different in a lot of ways, mostly bad — for example, illness, poverty, and previous alcoholism.
Recent studies in Israel and New Zealand show that there probably aren’t any significant health benefits to moderate drinking. Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is associated with worse health.
It seems that moderate drinking probably isn’t good for our health after all. While there may be some minor heart health benefits, alcohol is addictive and causes damage to many other organs.
I’m going to keep drinking, but not for my health. Wine is delicious and beer is just wonderful. Drink for the taste,drink to socialise, but don’t drink because you think it’s going to cure your depression or heal your heart. But if possible, try to drink less.
25．What is the common belief about drinking alcohol?
A．Drinking has little to do with health.
B．Moderate drinking benefits our health.
C．Drinking reduces the risk of heart disease.
D．The healthier you are, the more you can drink.
26．Who is more likely to drink moderately?
A．A rich man. B．A sick man.
C．A former alcoholic. D．A poorly-educated man.
27．What do we know about drinking from the fifth paragraph?
A．It’s an isolated behaviour.
B．It’s a good way to keep fit.
C．It’s more of a social activity.
D．It should be banned for health reasons.
28．What can be the best title for this text?
A．Is Alcohol Suitable for You? B．What Is Moderate Drinking?
C．Do You Know How to Drink? D．Is Moderate Drinking Healthy?

European rabbits might not be much to look at.They have a nondescript grayish-brown coat,small ears, and relatively short legs. But these ordinary animals are a keystone species that play an essential role in holding many ecosystems together in the United Kingdom, according to new research.
European rabbits live in grass and heathland habitats. They are somewhat picky eaters .When they graze(吃草),they scratch and dig holes,disturbing the ground and brush while they look for desirable food. These movements and how they disturb the ground help the ecosystem.
“Their grazing and digging activities create areas of bare soil which rare plants and invertebrates(无脊椎动物)require,”rabbit expert Diana Bell of the University of East Anglia’s School of Biology tells Treehugger.
Combined with all their digging and scraping,rabbits also contribute nutrients to the soil when they leave their waste on the soil. Researchers have found that this activity benefits.lowland grassland, heath, and dune habitats, which helps maintain beneficial conditions for many mosses,lichens,plants,insects,and bird species. Without the help of rabbits,many of these species would have to leave the area or might even die out,researchers say.
But European rabbits are facing a crisis.Due to threats such as disease, habitat loss,predators,and hunting,the animals are classified as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature(IUCN) in their native region.
One disease called myxomatosis is an insect-spread virus from South America that was intentionally introduced by a farmer in France in the mid- 1950s to control the rabbit population.About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on this area.
29．Why do European rabbits scratch and dig holes?
A．To find food. B．To loosen the soil.
C．To hide their waste. D．To protect themselves.
30．What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?
A．Birds are superior to plants and insects.
B．The species in an ecosystem are separated.
C．Some species depend on rabbits to survive.
D．Rabbits will die out without lowland grassland.
31．What contributed to the sharp reduction of rabbits in the 1950s?
A．Hunting. B．Disease. C．Predators. D．Habitat loss.
32．What will the author probably talk about next?
A．How to restore rabbits. B．How to control rabbits.
C．How to tame rabbits. D．How to hunt rabbits.

As a travel journalist who lives in three countries each year — Australia, Ireland, and Thailand — the coronavirus has left me in a spin (手忙脚乱) as I’ve tried to balance my commitments in these three nations with my need to travel for work.
My situation is far from unique. Nowadays, a huge number of people have close family who are scattered across the world, requiring modern forms of transport to connect with their loved ones face-to-face. Suddenly, that option has been removed for many of us. The coronavirus threat has closed down countless air, rail, bus, and boat routes. We can’t go to see our distant family and friends, even if we want to.
In a world which has never been so interconnected, the COVID-19 outbreak has left millions of people feeling an unfamiliar sense of being separated. Our lives changed dramatically.
Loneliness never suited me, even as a child. I longed for human contact. It’s one reason travel became such a powerful influence on me in my early 20s. However, as I ventured to non-English speaking countries on my own,sometimes for up to five weeks, I was forced to become comfortable in my own company, to stop leaning on others. Then as I entered my 30s, and started a travel journalism career that saw me living in three different countries, the meaning of travel shifted for me once more. As much as I still adored the excitement and education it offered, never did I value travel more than, when it reunited me with my family.
Once this crisis eventually recedes, I’ll try never to forget this current moment. I’ll think back to the time when travel was banned, my family were out of reach, and I was isolated and lonely and afraid. Then I’ll smile, and plan my next trip.
33．What does the author think of his situation?
A．Unique. B．Common. C．Awful. D．Worrying.
34．Which statement is right about the author according to the fourth paragraph?
A．His idea of traveling is changing.
B．He chose travel as his career.
C．He is accustomed to loneliness.
D．His interest in travel decreases.
35．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “recedes” in Paragraph 5?
A．Goes on. B．Follows up. C．Fades away. D．Breaks out.
36．What does the author mainly intend to emphasize in this text?
A．A combination of work and travel.
B．Measures to deal with COVID-19.
C．The importance of being connected.
D．The impact of COVID-19 on travel.

Below is a list of our top things to do around Lancaster County this October.
Local Makers Market
October 2 | Shops @ Rockvale
Stop by the Shops @ Rockvale, Suite 1709 for the Local Makers Market. This market will have a variety of handmade goods including skin & body care products, candles, pottery, home decor and so much more! Grab a bite to eat from one of the food trucks on site and continue your day of shopping local.
Bridge Bust: Rivertown Redemption
October 5 | Front Street,Marietta
Vendors line Front Street, Marietta for the annual Bridge Bust! The 1-mile stretch of street is closed to traffic so visitors can shop a variety of vendors and purchase delicious food and beverages. This is an event for the whole family. It’s a chance to enjoy craft beer, shop local goods,and be part of the community.
Heritage Day & Car Show
October 11 | Star Barn Village
Calling all car enthusiasts!Enjoy an outing at the beautiful and historic 275-acre Stone Gables Estate and see a variety of makes,models, and years of cars and trucks on display. Many are classics that have been lovingly restored while others may be newer models. Take time to walk the property, enjoy concession foods, and ride the train, but most of all, have fun with your family and meet new friends.
Lancaster Roots & Blues Festival
October 15— 17 | Downtown Lancaster
Lancaster Roots and Blues is an annual festival of music and art held in beautiful downtown Lancaster Pennsylvania, USA．The event is held indoors at multiple venues all located within three blocks of each other. Attendees receive a wristband at check-in and can move about freely from stage to stage.Expect at least 60 different musical artists over the 3-day festival.
37．What can you buy at Shops@Rockvale?
A．Local handmade goods.
B．Foreign foods and beverages.
C．Classic models of cars and trucks,
D．Goods of historical significance.
38．What do the events in Front Street,Marietta and Star Barn Village have in common?
A．Both take place in a street. B．Both attract families to visit.
C．Both exhibit varieties of cars. D．Both offer hands-on opportunities.
39．Which event takes place the latest?
A．Local Makers Market,
B．Heritage Day &. Car Show.
C．Lancaster Roots &. Blues Festival.
D．Bridge Bust: Rivertown Redemption.














参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．D
4．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国国家的构成以及历史原因。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.(然而，爱尔兰南部地区不愿意，它独立，组建了自己的政府)”可知，爱尔兰脱离英格兰的那部分叫爱尔兰南部共和国。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to “Great Britain”. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.(首先是英国。威尔士在13世纪与它有联系。现在，当人们提到英格兰时，你会发现威尔士也包括在内。接着，英格兰和威尔士在17世纪并入苏格兰，更名为“大不列颠”。令人高兴的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这一过程没有发生冲突。最后，英国政府在20世纪初试图通过同样和平的方式把爱尔兰连接起来，组成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰南部地区不愿意，它独立，组建了自己的政府。因此，只有北爱尔兰与英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合成为“联合王国”，并以名为“联合国旗”的新国旗向世界展示了这一点)”可知，第二段的主要观点是英国是如何形成的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.(值得赞扬的是，这四个国家确实在某些领域（如货币和国际关系）进行了合作，但它们仍然有非常不同的制度)”可知，四个国家货币相同。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.(你会发现大部分人口都定居在南部，但大部分工业城市都在英格兰中部和北部)”可知，英格兰英国南部地区人口最多。故选A。
5．C
6．C
7．A
8．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型材料，柔软结实还能导电，可以把运动服变成智能的健康监测设备。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段首句“A group of researchers has developed a new material which is as soft as cotton but as strong as Kevlar and as conductive as many metals.(一组研究人员已经开发出一种新材料，它像棉花一样柔软，却像凯夫拉一样坚固，还和许多金属一样导电)”可知，这种材料和金属一样具有导电性。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Rice University lab first developed carbon nanotube fiber in 2013, and has studied its use in medical operations, such as in cochlear(耳蜗的) implants for hearing loss and to repair damaged hearts.(莱斯大学实验室于2013年首次开发了碳纳米管纤维，并研究了其在医疗手术中的应用，如用于听力损失的人工耳蜗植入和修复受损的心脏)”可知，最初的时候，这种材料曾用于为听力受损的病人植入人工耳蜗手术过程。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段Oliver Dewy 所说“You just don’t find soft, flexible, thread-like materials that are comfortable to the touch, that you can work with, that you can build a bridge or you can build a power line out of , but you can also run it through a sewing machine. ......Nothing else behaves like this.(你不仅找不到这样柔软、有弹性、像线一样摸起来舒服的材料，可以用它来工作，你可以用它来建一座桥或者你可以用它来建一条电线，而且你也可以用缝纫机缝制......没有其他东西像这样)”可知，Oliver Dewy对这种材料给予高度评价，非常赞赏，认为这种材料用途很广，有点很多，最重要的是可以做成线，用缝纫机可以把它做成衣服，再没有别的像这样好的材料了。故选A项。
8．主旨大意题。第一段介绍了一种新材料，结合第二段“The so-called “carbon nanotube(纳米管)threads” work similarly to the wires in an EKG (心电图)monitoring device, which measures heart rhythms to detect heart conditions. But instead of having to be patched(贴上)onto the skin, they can be sewn into a T-shirt and worn like normal athletic clothes, according to a new study from researches at a Rice University Brown School of Engineering lab.( 所谓的“碳纳米管线”工作原理类似于心电图监测设备中通过测量心律来检测心脏状况的电线。但是，根据莱斯大学布朗工程学院实验室的一项新研究，它们不需要贴在皮肤上，而是可以缝在T恤上，像普通的运动服一样穿着)”可知，本文主要介绍一种新材料，这种新材料可以做成线，织在衣服中，从而可以检测心脏状况。故选D项。
9．B
10．C
11．B
12．D

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了今年3月，一位来自美国威斯康辛州埃尔克哈特湖-格伦比拉高中的17岁学生凭借回收衣物入围了青年企业家大赛的决赛。比赛由非营利组织“威斯康星青年成就”主办。他的可持续服装品牌The Mad Patcher赢得了1万美元的奖学金。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段““So many people wanted them that I wasn’t going to make 150 pairs of pants for free, so that was when 1 had to start making a business out of it, ” Salzwedel told the Sheboygan Press.”（萨尔兹韦德尔在接受希博伊根出版社采访时表示：“有这么多人想要它们，所以我不打算免费制作150条裤子，所以我不得不开始做生意。”）可知，他的裤子很受欢迎促使萨尔兹韦德尔经商的。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He won a scholarship of $10, 000 for his sustainable clothing brand The Mad Patcher.”（他的可持续服装品牌The Mad Patcher赢得了1万美元的奖学金。）以及第五段中“He only uses donated or recycled materials to ensure maximum sustainability.”（他只使用捐赠或回收的材料，以确保最大限度的可持续性。）可知，这篇文章告诉了我们关于The Mad Patcher，它生产可持续时尚产品。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The teenager planned to use the prize to attend the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York. The college is one of the most famous fashion schools in the world.”（这位少年计划用奖金去纽约的时装技术学院学习。该学院是世界上最著名的时装学院之一。）可知，萨尔兹韦德尔打算用奖学金去学习，获得时尚专业的学位。故选B项。
12．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第五段“In 2021, Salzwedel started his clothing brand. He uses colourful and patterned fabrics from other clothes to create his patchwork designs, like jeans, shirts and jackets. He only uses donated or recycled materials to ensure maximum sustainability.”（2021年，萨尔兹韦德尔创立了自己的服装品牌。他使用其他衣服上色彩鲜艳、有图案的面料来创作他的拼接设计，比如牛仔裤、衬衫和夹克。他只使用捐赠或回收的材料，以确保最大限度的可持续性。）和第六段“Salzwedel has earned thousands of dollars through selling his clothes, and he donated 25 percent of his profits to non-profit organizations.”（萨尔兹韦德尔通过卖衣服赚了数千美元，他把25%的利润捐给了非营利组织。）故可推知，富有创造力和慷慨大方是最能描述萨尔茨维德尔的。故选D项。
13．A
14．C
15．B
16．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程和曾经的艰难岁月，以及描述了爱尔兰如今的风貌。
13．词义猜测题。根据划线单词下文“For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English.(数百年来，爱尔兰人与英国人作战。)”和划线单词所在句子“The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to vanquish Ireland.(这些问题始于16世纪，当时英国统治者试图vanquish爱尔兰。)”可知，英国统治者试图征服爱尔兰，所以爱尔兰人们奋起抵抗，与英国人作战，由此可推知，划线单词vanquish意为“征服”，与A项Conquer(征服)意思一样，故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750, 000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.(在19世纪40年代，主要作物马铃薯受到疾病的影响，大约75万人死于饥饿。这种情况加上工作的短缺，迫使许多人离开爱尔兰，去美国、英国、澳大利亚和加拿大生活。结果，人口从1841年的820万下降到1851年的660万。)”可知，爱尔兰人饱受食物和工作短缺之苦，这使得爱尔兰人口曾经大幅减少，故选C。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers.(多年来，大多数爱尔兰人以务农为生。)”可知，大部分爱尔兰人靠务农为生，故选B。
16．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Ireland has had a very difficult history.(爱尔兰有一段非常艰难的历史。)”，倒数第二段中“Though many people still follow the routine nowadays, more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.(尽管现在很多人仍然按部就班，但是越来越多的人搬到城市的工厂和办公室工作。城市生活与农村生活截然不同，农村生活的节奏越来越慢，越来越安静。)”和最后一段中“Since independence,Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, ete.(自独立以来，爱尔兰复兴了自己的音乐、语言、文学和歌唱文化。不同的地区有不同风格的古老的爱尔兰歌曲，唱不用乐器。其他种类的爱尔兰音乐使用许多不同的乐器，如小提琴，口哨，等。)”可知，文章主要介绍了爱尔兰艰辛的独立过程和曾经的艰难岁月，以及描述了爱尔兰如今的风貌。因此D项“爱尔兰，过去和现在”最适合作文章标题，故选D。
17．D
18．A
19．C
20．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者预测未来手机可能会出现的功能。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“They’ll be built into other devices and products.(它们将被植入其他设备和产品中)”可知，未来的手机可能内置在其它产品中。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第五段的“You’d link the devices to an interface connected to your brain and post messages just through thought. (你可以将这些设备连接到一个与你大脑相连的接口上，然后通过思想发布信息)”可知，随着脑机接口的发展，我们可以通过思想传递信息。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Based upon phone customer behavior, I imagine the future phones will rely more on combining our physical lives with our digital lives. (基于手机用户的行为，我认为未来的手机将更多地依赖于将我们的现实生活和数字生活结合起来)”可知，作者对手机的预测是基于手机用户的行为。故选C。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者预测未来手机可能会出现的功能。话题与未来科技相关，由此推知本文很有可能出自报纸的“科学”版块。故选B。
21．C
22．B
23．D
24．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是气候变化产生了一些极端天气，给世界上最脆弱的人带来很大的痛苦，因此作为补救措施就是要减少碳排放，但这些都不凑效，最近的研究证实，森林在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的，政府和企业要制定和执行政策，防止毁林，然而他们并没有旅行承诺，导致森林遭到砍伐，作者呼吁现在是加强森林保护和恢复的时候了，这取得了一些成效。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recent research confirms that forests are absolutely essential in reducing climate change, thanks to their ability to absorb and isolate carbon. In fact, natural climate solutions such as conservation and restoration of forests, along with improvements in land management, can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target of limiting warming to a maximum of two degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, even though they currently receive only 2.5percent of public climate financing.(最近的研究证实，由于森林吸收和隔离碳的能力，森林在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的。事实上，自然气候解决方案，如保护和恢复森林，以及改善土地管理，可以帮助我们实现37%的气侯目标，即将气候变暖限制在比工业化前水平高出2摄氏度的最高水平，尽管它们目前只获得2.5%的公共气侯融资。）”可知自然气侯解决方案可以而且应该在减少碳排放方面发挥更重要的作用，故选C。
22．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“one tree can store an average of about 48 pounds in one year. Intact(完整的)forests could take in the CO2 emissions of some entire countries.（一棵树一年平均能储存48磅。完整的森林可以吸收一些国家的二氧化碳排放量。）”可知森林储存二氧化碳的能力惊人，因此staggering的意思是“难以置信的，惊人的”，结合选项A. documented存档的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. unsteady不稳定的；D. negligible微不足道的，无足轻重的，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, a huge amount of forest continues to be converted into a agricultural land to produce a handful of resource - intensive commodities - despite zero-deforestation commitments from companies and governments. So now is the time to increase forest protection and restoration.（不幸的是，尽管公司和政府承诺不砍伐森林，但仍有大量的森林继续被转换为农业用地，以生产少数资源密集型商品。因此，现在是加强森林保护和恢复的时候了。）”可推断出作者认为一些政府未能兑现保护森林的承诺，故选D。
24．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Recent research confirms that forests are absolutely essential in reducing climate change, thanks to their ability to absorb and isolate carbon. (最近的研究证实，由于森林吸收和隔离碳的能力，森林在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的。）”和最后一段的“So now is the time to increase forest protection and restoration.（因此，现在是加强森林保护和恢复的时候了。）以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了森林在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的，政府和企业要制定和执行政策，防止毁林，保持森林不受破坏可以大大拯救地球。故选A。
25．B
26．A
27．C
28．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个最新的研究发现—— “适量饮酒有益健康”的说法是错误的。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“We’ve known about the association between moderate drinking and good health for quite some time. Researchers have identified that people who drink a moderate amount are at a lower risk of things like heart disease and obesity than both people who drink a lot and people who never drink. It’s fairly well-established that, if you look at society at large, people who drink a moderate amount are the healthiest in a number of ways. (我们知道适量饮酒和健康之间的联系已经有很长一段时间了。研究人员发现，适量饮酒的人患心脏病和肥胖等疾病的风险比大量饮酒的人和从不饮酒的人要低。从整个社会来看，适量饮酒的人在很多方面都是最健康的，这一点是公认的)”可知，适当饮酒有益健康是人们的普遍看法。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“They tend to be wealthier, more educated, smoke less and in general are better off than both people who drink a lot and those who never drink. (他们往往更富有，受教育程度更高，吸烟更少，总体上比酗酒和从不喝酒的人过得更好)”可推知，适度饮酒的人往往更富有、受教育程度更高。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Once you get rid of the effects of society, even a small amount of drink is associated with worse health.(一旦你摆脱了社会的影响，即使是少量的饮酒也与更糟糕的健康有关)”可推知，饮酒更像是一种社会行为。故选C项。
28．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及倒数第二段“It seems that moderate drinking probably isn’t good for our health after all. While there may be some minor heart health benefits, alcohol is addictive and causes damage to many other organs. (看来，适量饮酒可能对我们的健康没有好处。虽然酒精可能对心脏健康有一些轻微的好处，但它会上瘾，并对许多其他器官造成损害)”可知，人们普遍认为适度饮酒有益健康，但本文通过介绍最近的研究说明饮酒是一种社会行为，对健康没有任何益处。由此可知，D选项“适量饮酒健康吗？”最适合作本文标题。故选D项。
29．A
30．C
31．B
32．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了野兔在食物链中的重要作用以及野兔所面临的危险。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When they graze, they scratch and dig holes, disturbing the ground and brush while they look for desirable food.”（当它们吃草时，它们会抓挠和挖洞，在寻找理想的食物时扰乱地面和刷草。）可知，野兔挠地或挖洞是在找食物。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Without the help of rabbits, many of these species would have to leave the area or might even die out, researchers say.”（研究人员说，如果没有兔子的帮助，这些物种中的许多将不得不离开该地区，甚至可能灭绝。）可知，从第四段我们可以推断出有些物种依靠兔子生存。故选C项 。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“About 90% of European rabbits died during early outbreaks and the disease continues to affect rabbit populations on this area.”（在早期暴发期间，大约90%的欧洲兔子死亡，该疾病继续影响该地区的兔子种群。）可知，20世纪50年代兔子大量死亡是由于疾病的爆发。故选B项。
32．推理判断题。本文前半部分讲述了兔子对于生态环境的积极作用，最后提到兔子数量的减少以及现在所面临的绝种危险。由此可推知，接下来作者很可能要谈论如何保护兔子，如何恢复兔子的种群之类的话题。故选A项。
33．B
34．A
35．C
36．D

【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作为一名旅游记者，作者常年在三个国家——澳大利亚、爱尔兰和泰国走动，但新冠肺炎疫情使他无法旅行，给他的生活和工作都带来了不便。
33． 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a travel journalist who lives in three countries each year—Australia, Ireland,and Thailand—the coronavirus has left me in a spin (手忙脚乱) as I’ve tried to balance my commitments in these three nations with my need to travel for work. (作为一名旅游记者，我每年生活在三个国家——澳大利亚、爱尔兰和泰国——冠状病毒让我不知所措，因为我一直在努力平衡我在这三个国家的工作与出差之间的关系)”以及第二段第一句“My situation is far from unique. Nowadays, a huge number of people have close family who are scattered across the world, requiring modern forms of transport to connect with their loved ones face-to-face. (我的情况远非个例。如今，大量的人有亲密的家人分散在世界各地，需要现代交通工具来与他们的亲人面对面地联系)”可知，作者的处境很常见，但是他跟许多人一样，工作和生活都受到了疫情的影响。故选B项。
34．推理判断题。由第四段第二句开始“I longed for human contact. It’s one reason travel became such a powerful influence on me in my early 20s. However, as I ventured to non-English speaking countries on my own, sometimes for up to five weeks, I was forced to become comfortable in my own company, to stop leaning on others. Then as I entered my 30s, and started a travel journalism career that saw me living in three different countries, the meaning of travel shifted for me once more. As much as I still adored the excitement and education it offered, never did I value travel more than when it reunited me with my family. (我渴望与人接触。这也是为什么旅行在我20岁出头的时候对我产生了如此巨大的影响。然而，当我独自冒险去非英语国家时，有时长达五个星期，我被迫习惯于独处，不再依赖他人。然后，当我进入30岁，开始了旅行记者的职业生涯，我在三个不同的国家生活过，旅行的意义对我来说再一次改变了。尽管我仍然喜欢旅行带来的刺激和教育，但当旅行让我和家人团聚时，我从来没有这么重视旅行)”可知，作者从小就渴望沟通，但当20多岁时旅行到语言不通的地方时，学会 了习惯于独处。30多岁时的作者，旅行的意义又变了，旅行意味着和家人团聚。由此推知，他的旅行观念正在改变。故选A项。
35．词句猜测题。根据划线词处的内容“Once this crisis eventually recedes, I’ll try never to forget this current moment. I’ll think back to the time when travel was banned, my family were out of reach, and I was isolated and lonely and afraid. Then I’ll smile, and plan my next trip. (一旦这场危机最终recedes，我会试着永远不忘记此刻。我会回想起旅行被禁止，我的家人无法联系，我孤零零的、寂寞又恐惧的时光。然后我会微笑，并计划我的下一次旅行)”可知，此处作者对于疫情中的经历会永记在心，根据think back to，可知此处应表达为疫情消失了之后。A.Goes on.(继续)；B. Follows up.(跟踪；坚持完成)；C. Fades away.(逐渐消失)；D. Breaks out (爆发)。划线词与Fades away意思相近。故选C项。
36．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“As a travel journalist who lives in three countries each year — Australia, Ireland,and Thailand — the coronavirus has left me in a spin (手忙脚乱) as I’ve tried to balance my commitments in these three nations with my need to travel for work. (作为一名旅游记者，我每年生活在三个国家——澳大利亚、爱尔兰和泰国——冠状病毒让我不知所措，因为我一直在努力平衡我我在这三个国家的工作与出差之间的关系)”以及第二段最后两句“The coronavirus threat has closed down countless air, rail, bus, and boat routes. We can’t go to see our distant family and friends, even if we want to. (冠状病毒的威胁已经关闭了无数的航空、铁路、公共汽车和船只航线。我们不能去看望远方的家人和朋友，即使我们想去)”可知，本文主要讲述了新冠肺炎疫情使他无法旅行，给他的生活和工作都带来了不便。由此推知，作者在本文中主要想强调的疫情对旅行的影响。故选D项。
37．A
38．B
39．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了兰开斯特县十月份要举行的四个活动。
37．细节理解题。根据Local Makers Market的October 2 | Shops @ Rockvale部分的“This market will have a variety of handmade goods including skin & body care products, candles, pottery, home decor and so much more! (这个市场将有各种手工制品，包括皮肤和身体护理产品，蜡烛，陶器，家居装饰等等！)”可知，这里售卖地方手工商品。故选A项。
38．细节理解题。根据Bridge Bust：Rivertown Redemption的October 5 | Front Street,Marietta部分的第三句“This is an event for the whole family. (这是全家可以参加的活动。)”和Heritage Day & Car Show的October ll | Star Barn Village部分的最后一句“Take time to walk the property, enjoy concession foods, and ride the train, but most of all, have fun with your family and meet new friends. (花点时间散步，享受特许经营的食品，乘坐火车，但最重要的是，和你的家人一起玩，认识新朋友)”可知，两者都适合一家人一起参加。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。根据文中所述的四个时间October 2 (10月2日)，October 5 (10月5日)，October 11 (10月11日)和October 15 – 17 (10月15 – 17日)可知，Lancaster Roots & Blues Festival于10月 15号至17号举行，在四个活动中最晚。故选C项。