高考英语语法复习：虚拟语气

这是一份高考英语语法复习：虚拟语气，共27页。
单项选择：虚拟语气
1．At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referred to be C．refer to being D．refer to be
2．______ the picture of the popular singer, I would show it to you right now.
A．I had taken B．Did I take C．Had I taken D．I took
3．I believe he ________ an accident, otherwise he ________ have arrived on time.
A．might have；would
B．should have had； should
C．could have； should
D．must have had； would
4．We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise we ______ here by lunchtime.
A．had been B．have been
C．should be D．would have been
5．Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered her suggestion that they ________ seek guidance from expert consultants.
A．must B．should C．can D．shall
6．Mr. Turner looked ________he had completed the task by himself. But in fact, he had little contribution to the achievement.
A．even though B．in that C．now that D．as if
7．The old couple loves the boy ________ he were their own son.
A．even if B．unless C．as if D．though
8．Sue likes going to the shops and always spends money ______ there was no tomorrow.
A．even if B．as if C．as long as D．as soon as
9．Ten days are devoted to this training program and ________ it be unsuccessful, it could be repeated later.
A．should B．could C．might D．would
10．I wish I ________ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friend's birthday party.
A．watched B．had watched C．would watch D．were watching
11．How time flies! I feel junior high school was only yesterday!
A．even if B．unless C．if D．as if
12．The doctor suggested that she _______ in bed, while her smiling face suggested there ______ nothing serious.
A．stay; was B．stayed; was C．stayed; be D．stay; be
13．He has loved me____I were his son.
A．because B．as C．if D．as if
14．Some teachers recommended that more books to satisfy the students’ needs.
A．are purchased B．have been purchased
C．were purchased D．be purchased
15．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday.
A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get
16．Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time, otherwise he ______________ over to help us.
A．might have come B．would come
C．had come D．were to come
17．Oh! The flower can’t be saved. If the flower had been watered，it now.
A．wouldn’t be dying B．is dead
C．had been dead D．will not die
18．----Why didn’t you call me ?
----Oh, my cell-phone ran out of power, otherwise I _________ you.
A．would call B．would have called C．called D．had called
19．I ______ to you at that time, but I didn’t know where you lived.
A．had written B．wrote
C．would write D．would have written
20．I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ________ the task on schedule.
A．would accomplish B．could accomplish
C．must have accomplished D．might have accomplished
21．—This is the first time I ________ my picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you ________ a picture for me.
A．have taken; took B．took; should take
C．took; will take D．will take; have taken
22．It is recommended that the project   ______ until all the preparations have been made.
A．is not started B．will not be started
C．not be started D．is not to be started
23．I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ________ this mistake at the moment.
A．didn’t make B．wouldn’t make
C．hadn’t make D．wouldn’t have made
24．【2018·江苏】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.
A．would B．should
C．could D．might
25．【2018·天津】If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A．had caught B．caught
C．have caught D．would catch
26．He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing ______.
A．had happened B．happened
C．would happen D．would have happened
27．【2018·滨海7校联考】But for your instruction, I ______ such great progress in so short a time. Thanks a lot.
A．wouldn’t make B．hadn’t made
C．won’t make D．wouldn’t have made
28．Without your help, I ________ the first prize in the English Speaking Contest.
A．won’t get B．didn’t get
C．wouldn’t get D．wouldn’t have got
29．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ you waiting for such a long time.
A．had not kept B．will not keep
C．would not have kept D．have not kept
30．— With the failure of the experiment, we have reached a dead end.
—Cheer up! Many good things would never have happened if the bad events________ first.
A．don’t happen B．didn’t happen
C．hadn’t happened D．haven’t happened
31．Tommy, it’s about time you ________ set off for the airport.
A．must B．should C．can D．may
32．Their requirement that he        one year's experience is reasonable.
A．had B．has
C．have D．would have
33．I’m sorry. ________ for my illness, I would have come and lent you a helping hand.
A．Were it not B．If it were not C．Had it not been D．If has not been
34．We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home.
A．didn’t offer B．wouldn’t offer
C．hasn’t offered D．hadn’t offered
35．—I failed again. I wish I _________ harder.
—But you _________.
A．had worked; hadn’t B．worked; don’t
C．had worked; didn’t D．worked; didn’t
36．If you ______ at school, you ______ a college student now.
A．had studied hard; would have been
B．should have studied hard; should have been
C．had studied hard; would be
D．would study hard; must have been
37．This printer is of good quality．If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense．
A．would B．should C．could D．might
38．（2016 •天津）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I_________.
A．were injured B．would be injured
C．had been injured D．would have been injured
39．(2016 ·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ since their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen B．would not fall
C．did not fall D．would not have fallen
40．They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they __________to our help.
A．would have come B．could come
C．have come D．had come
41．I am sorry I am very busy now. If I time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.
A．have B．had
C．have had D．had had
42．I was ill that day, otherwise I _______the sports meet.
A．took part in B．would have taken part in
C．had taken part in D．would take part in
43．--- Mike went to the hospital alone.
---If he ________me about it, I would have gone with him
A．should tell B．told
C．had told D．tells
44．I paid a fine of 200yuan for speeding. If only I _________ the traffic rules!
A．had respected B．respected
C．would have respected D．could respect
45．You didn’t let me drive. If we ________ by turns, you ________ so tired.
A．drove; didn’t get B．drove; wouldn’t get
C．were driving; wouldn’t get D．had driven; wouldn’t have got
46．Had they known what was coming next, they ________ second thoughts.
A．may have B．could have
C．must have had D．might have had
47．I ________ sooner but I didn't know that they were waiting for me.
A．had come B．was coming
C．would come D．would have come
48． To tell the truth, I would rather that I ____ the pain instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
A．took B．had taken C．have taken D．should have taken
49．It is strongly recommended that the machines ________ every year.
A．be checked B．are checked C．should check D．checked
50．Wang Ling, one of my friends, is very good at English. He speaks English as if he ________ an Englishman.
A．were B．would be C．has been D．had been
51．If Franklin _______ the key, he _______ the electric shock.
A．has touched; would have died from B．had touched; would die from
C．had touched; would have died from D．touched; would have died from
52．One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ________ to its burning temperature.
A．is heated B．be heated C．would be heated D．do heat
53．If I_________ ten million dollars, I_________ travel around the world.
A．have; will B．had; will C．have; would D．had; would
54．He recommended that we________ a record of what we saw.
A．would keep B．could keep
C．must keep D．should keep
55．Our teacher recommends that we ________ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.
A．are B．shall be C．ought to be D．be
56．________ the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we would take resolute measures.
A．Could B．Should C．Might D．Would
57．As two cases of Omicro coronavirus variant have been detected, the British government has urged that anyone who has arrived from South Africa recently ________.
A．being tested B．was tested C．must be tested D．be tested
58．His parents insisted he ________ badly hurt and that he ________ to hospital immediately.
A．be; was sent B．was; to be sent
C．be; should be sent D．was; be sent
59．I requested that he ________ an hour earlier.
A．came B．comes
C．will come D．should come
60．________ each human being stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life, it would be a blessing.
A．Is B．Had been C．Should D．Were
61．It seems as if the sun ________ around the earth as it rises in the east and sets in the west.
A．circles B．is circling C．were circling D．had circled
62．Janeˈs pale face suggested that she________ill and her parents suggested that she ________ a medical examination.
A．be; should have B．was; should have C．should be; had D．was;has
63．Leading politicians in the U.S. have sent letters to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences urging that it ________ actions that could be taken by state and local governments and universities ________ national excellence in humanities and social scientific education”.
A．to identify; maintaining B．identifies; to maintain
C．identify; to maintain D．will identify; maintaining
64．The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we _________ an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A．whether; should have B．what; had
C．that; should have D．which; had
65．The teacher suggested that her students ______ experiences with ESP.
A．write a composition on their B．to write composition about the
C．wrote some compositions of his or her D．had written any compositions for his
66．When it comes to death, Vincent Van Gogh ________ by others in that his wound didn’t indicate suicide, while Albert Einstein ________ longer but he refused surgery.
A．may have been killed; should have lived
B．should have been killed; should have lived
C．may have been killed; must have lived
D．should have been killed: must have lived
67．These achievements ________ without the contribution of Luo Yang，the chief commander of China’s fighter jet J­15(歼15项目负责人).
A．would have been achieved B．would not achieved
C．would not have been achieved D．would not be achieved
68．She suggested not only ________to the English party but also sing a song in English.
A．did I go B．should I go C．I should go D．my going
69．The new government desire corruption ________ as soon as possible to regain people’s trust.
A．should cure B．is cured C．must be cured D．be cured
70．I’m good at maths, so my teacher recommend that I ______ advanced maths in my first year.
A．choose B．choosed C．chosen D．have chose
71．________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A．If it is not B．Were C．Had it not been D．If they were not
72．I recommend that you ______ on your study instead of ______ computer games all day.
A．focus; play B．focusing; playing
C．focusing; play D．focus; playing
73．I requested that you ________ the task on time.
A．finished B．finish C．could finish D．would finish
74．She always talks to me ________ she were my mother.
A．ought to B．as though C．in debt D．as for
75．We wish we________ harder when at school.
A．study B．have study C．will study D．had studied
76．The lady insisted that the young man ________ her wallet and that he________to the police station at once.
A．had stolen; be sent B．should steal; should be sent
C．had stolen; sent D．had stolen; must be sent
77．Had China and other countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiate not worked together, we ________ great achievements in the financial development since 2015.
A．hadn’t achieved B．would not have been achieving
C．did not achieve D．would not achieve
78．— Sorry, Daddy. I am not getting on well with my studies.
— Well. ________ you hadn’t wasted so much time playing online games.
A．As if B．Even if C．If only D．Only if
79．If I ________ time,I would go to the park with my classmates.
A．have B．will have C．had D．have had
80．If there were not so many new words, the text ________ much easier.
A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be
81．Ms. Lin suggested that he ________the reading competition.
A．took part in B．is taking part in C．takes part in D．take part in
82．—Would you mind being charged for WeChat, Mary?
—Certainly. I ________WeChat if I had to pay now.
A．would drop B．will drop C．will have dropped D．would have dropped
83．It is required that every student________ a foreign language before going abroad.
A．must learn B．learn C．learns D．will learn
84．The soldier remembers everything exactly as if it_______ yesterday.
A．was happening B．happens C．has happened D．happened
85．Without gravity（重力), we ________ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.
A．couldn't B．mustn't C．shan't D．needn't
86．It is everybody’s desire that every effort _______ to reduce the pollution in our city.
A．was made B．be made C．will be made D．would be made
87．________ these spelling mistakes, I would have got a full mark in my English examination.
A．Because of B．But for C．In case of D．In spite of
88．If the contest ________ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.
A．is to take place B．were to take place
C．was taken place D．would take place








参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词，虚拟语气。句意：在办公室例行会议上，校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分析句子成分可知，“insisted”后为宾语从句，因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时，引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”，所以谓语动词应为(should) be done；“refer to”词义为“涉及，提到”，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
2．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我拍了这位流行歌手的照片，我现在就给你看。分析句子结构可知，此处考查错综复杂型的虚拟语气。主句有时间状语“now”是对于现在的虚拟，而根据句意可知，从句是对于“过去”的虚拟，应用had done，且此处省略了if，则将had提前构成倒装。故选C项。
3．D
【详解】考查情态动词用法和虚拟语气。句意：我相信他肯定遇到意外事件了，否则他会按时到的。第一空根据“otherwise he ________ have arrived on time”可知，此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测，需用must have done这种形式；第二空，根据otherwise可知，此处使用虚拟语气与过去事实相反，使用would have done。故选D。
4．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在机场被延误了。否则我们在午饭时间就会到这里了。本句是一个有otherwise(否则，要不然)的含蓄虚拟条件句，结合“were delayed”可知，此处表示对过去事情的虚拟，主句部分的谓语构成是：would/should/could/might+have+done。故选D。
5．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：看到同龄人为成功和独立而奋斗，张悦建议他们应该寻求专家顾问的指导。A.must必须；B.should应该；C.can能；D.shall将。分析句子可知，此句为同位语从句，that引导的从句是suggestion的具体内容，从句使用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选B。
【点睛】
6．D
【详解】考查连接词。句意：特纳先生看上去好像是自己完成了这项任务。但事实上，他对这一成就贡献甚微。A.even though尽管；B. in that因为；C. now that既然；D. as if 好像。as if 引导的表语从句表示一种与过去事实相反的情况，从句用虚拟语气（过去完成时）。故选D项。
7．C
【详解】考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：这对老夫妇爱这个男孩，就好像他是他们自己的儿子一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非；C. as if好像；D. though虽然，尽管。分析句子可知，句子为状语从句，从句部分为虚拟语气，再结合句意可知，空格处应用“as if”引导从句，意为“好像”，从句谓语动词动作与主句谓语动词动作同时发生，从句要用一般过去时，“be”动词要用“were”。故选C项。
8．B
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：苏喜欢去商店买东西，总是像没有明天一样花钱。A.even if即使；B.as if好像；C.as long as只要；D.as soon as一......就......。从句使用的是虚拟语气，结合句意可知，此处用as if引导状语从句复合语境。故选B。
9．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们用了10天的时间来完成这个训练计划，如果不成功，以后还可以重复。结合后文“ it could be repeated later.”可知，此处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用would (should, could, might) +动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用were）或用 should+动词原形或 were to+动词原形；且而虚拟条件句中，如有were、should或had，可将if省略，将were、should或had提前至句首构成倒装。故选A。
10．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词。故选B项。
11．D
【详解】考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：时光飞逝！我觉得初中生活就像昨天一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. as if好像。根据“junior high school was only yesterday!”可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，根据句意可知此处表示“好像”，as if从句后常用虚拟语气，故选D。
12．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生建议她卧床休息，但她的笑容表明没有什么严重的事。第一空中suggest表示“建议”时，后跟宾语从句中需用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，故第一空填stay；第二空中suggest表示“表明”时，后跟从句不需要用虚拟语气，结合上文suggested可知应用一般过去时，there be句型中，谓语动词与nothing保持一致应用单数was。故选A。
13．D
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他爱我就像我是他的儿子一样。A. because因为，引导原因状语从句；B. as因为，当……时候，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句；C. if如果，引导条件状语从句；D. as if好像，引导方式状语从句。根据空前后句意可知，空处需用as if或as though可引导方式状语从句,叙述一种明显不合现在事实的假设,需用虚拟语气,动词用过去式,如果是动词be,则用were。故选D。
14．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些老师建议买更多的书来满足学生的需要。recommend推荐；建议，考查句式：recommend that+（should）+do sth 建议应该做某事，从句中使用虚拟语气，排除A、C选项；book和purchase（购买）之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填(should)be purchased。should可以省略，故选D。
15．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据but for sth, 主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth, 主句+would(not) + have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，故选C。
16．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：史密斯先生那时正在开会，要不然他可能过来帮我们了。根据“Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time”可知，此处表示对过去事情的推测，表示“可能已经”，故A项正确。
17．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：哦！这盆花救不活了。如果花浇了水，它现在也不会快死了。本句为虚拟语气，根据now可知表示与现在事实相反，应用“主语+should/would/could/might + do”结构，且强调花目前的状态为“垂死的”，故用现在进行时结构，would后跟动词原形，故选A。
18．B
【详解】考察虚拟语态的辨析。由题意，我的手机没电了，否则我会打给你，“否则我会打给你”是对过去事实的虚拟，故选D。
19．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：那时我本想给你写信的，但我不知道你住在哪里。根据后文but I didn’t know where you lived可知“我”并没有写信，短语would have done“本应该做但实际没有做”，表示对过去事实的假设。故选D。
20．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉我没能赶上最后期限，要是有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经……”，故D项正确。
【点睛】本题的解题关键在于根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“With better equipment”可知，此处表示对过去事情可能性较小的推测，表示“可能已经……”，例如：I went to Paris last month, with more money, I might have gone to a further place.上个月我去了巴黎，要是钱够的话，我可能去更远的地方了。
21．A
【详解】考查时态。句意：--这是我第一次自己拍照。--你是该给我照张相了。take a picture照相的意思，This is the first time…这一句型，其后一句使用现在完成时；It is time that句型是常用语虚拟语气，对现在的虚拟用一般过去式，故选A。
【点睛】时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本小题没有明显的时间提示，但This is the first time…这是个固定句型，其后用现在完成时； It is time that句型是常用语虚拟语气，根据上文语境可知，此处说的是现在，用一般过去式。
22．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议在所有的准备工作完成之前不要开始这个项目。英语中表示"建议、要求、命令"的词与名词性从句连用，recommend 与名词性从句中连用时从句中的动词用"should+动词原形"，should 可以省略，本句动词recommend 表示"建议"，that引导了主语从句，所以本题答案是C。
23．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我后悔没有采纳你的意见。否则，我不会现在犯这么多错误。Otherwise表示“否则”，隐含一种条件在里面，现在这“条件”是不真实的，用虚拟语气；主句中at the moment表示现在，对现在的虚拟用would+动词原形，故选B。
24．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。
点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。）
25．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语yesterday可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed。故选A。
点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气重要做题原则：根据题干中主句或从句中动词形式判断所考查的动词的虚拟时间，一般要保持一致，但要注意错综时间虚拟语气要根据各自所表示的虚拟时间做出调整。本题就是错综条件虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，故用had + v-ed，主句与现在事实相反。
26．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他把这个项目搞糟了，但他表现的好像什么也没发生一样。as if引导的从句表示与事实相反的情况时，应用虚拟语气。该句表示对过去的虚拟，根据as if的虚拟规则，该处应用过去完成时态。A选项正确。
27．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是你的指导，我不会在这么短的时间内取得如此大的进步。非常感谢。根据句意以及关键词but for可知，此处表示虚拟，应用虚拟语气。本句相当于if非真实条件句的主句，此处与过去的事实相反，用情态动词+have done的结构。故选D项。
28．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的帮助，在英语演讲比赛中我就不会得第一名。此处与过去的事实相反，Without your help相当于if引导的非真实条件句，故答案为D。
【名师点睛】without引导的虚拟语气
1.与现在事实相反：
Without air,man couldn't exist on the earth.没有空气的话,人类将不能在地球上生存。谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
2.与过去事实相反：
Without your help,I would have failed the exam last week.没有你帮助的话,我上周考试可能就通不过了。谓语动词：would/could/might (not) have done sth.
3.与将来事实相反：
Without your ticket,I wouldn't be able to go to the concert tomorrow.要是没有你的票的话,我明天就不能去听音乐会了。谓语动词：would/could/might (not) do sth.
29．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间。句中用了虚拟语气，otherwise说明的从句内容和过去事实相反，指如果不被交通阻塞困住，主句用would/should/could/might +have+过去分词，故选C。
【名师点睛】虚拟语气中，非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如otherwise…,without…，but for…(要不是因为...)等
But for his help, we would be working now.
要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.
要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.
我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
30．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——由于实验失败，我们已走进了死胡同。——振作起来!如果坏事没有先发生，许多好事就不会发生。分析句子结构可知，if引导的是一个非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时态。故选C项。
31．B
【详解】考查情态动词与虚拟语气。句意：汤米，到了你该出发去机场的时间了。A. must必须；B. should应该；C. can能够；D. may可能。It’s time + that clause 时，that可省略，time可由high、about修饰，从句中的谓语动词有两种形式，或者用动词的过去式(be用were)；或者用shoud + 动词原形（should不能省略)。此句型为虚拟语气句型，表示“现在某人该做某事了”。含有该事早该去做而未做，现在去做似乎都为时已晚的意思。故选B项。
32．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求他有一年的工作经验是有理由的。Requirement后边用that引导同位语从句，从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故选C。
33．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语动词would have come可以判断，此处是对过去发生情况的假设，所以if从句应该用过去完成时。在虚拟语气中if 从句如果有动词had、should、were时则可以省略if，把had、should、were等提前，所以C选项正确。句意：很抱歉，要不是因为我病了，我会前来帮助你的。
【名师点睛】If引导的非真实条件句
1. 对现在情况的假设：表示说话时不存在或与事实相反的情况。结构：If+主语+did，主语+should/ would /could +do。例句：
If you knew English well, you would be able to talk with foreigners freely. 如果你精通英语，你就能自由地和外国人交谈。（事实是现在你不精通英语）
2. 对过去情况的假设：表示与过去事实相反的情况。结构：If+主语+had done，主语+should/would /could + have done.例句：
If I had not studied hard, I might have failed in the exam. 如果我没有努力学习，我会在考试中失败。（事实是我已经通过考试了）
3. 对将来情况的假设：表示将来实现可能性不大的情况。结构：If+主语+did/were to do /should do，主语+should /would /could do。例句：
If he should change his mind, what would we do? 如果他改变主意，我们该怎么办？（他改变主意这件事还没发现，而且发生的可能性不大）
if的省略：在正式文体中，有时可把虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，这时从句需要采用倒装语序，即：将were, had, should等助动词提到主语前面，主句不做任何变化。例句：
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我们将待在家里。
4. 错综时间：所谓错综时间是指主句和从句的动作不是发生在同一时间。这时，需要根据意思选用表示不同时间的虚拟语气形式。例句：
If I were you, I would have taken his advice. 我要是你，就听他的忠告了。（从句表示现在时间，主句表示过去时间）
34．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气的条件句。句意：昨天如果Harold不主动开车送我们回家的话，我们就要打车了。根据句意及would have called可知，表明是对过去的虚拟，所以条件句需要用过去完成时（had done）。根据句意，条件句用否定形式，故选D项。
35．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我又失败了。我希望我工作更努力些。——但是你没有。wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气只有两种时态，一是一般过去时，一是过去完成时。即若表示对现在或将来的虚拟就用一般过去时；若表示对过去的虚拟就用过去完成时。从句的时态完全不以wish 的形式而变化。第一空表示对过去的虚拟，故从句用过去完成时；第二空叙述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故选C。
36．C
【详解】考查错综时态虚拟语气。句意：如果你在校期间努力学习的话，现在就是个大学生了。根据句意可知，从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时；主句与现在事实相反，应用would/should/could+动词原形。综上，故选C。
37．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果在一年内发生故障，我们将自费修理。分析句子可知，本句为if的条件状语从句，且与将来事实相反的假设，所以从句形式为were to do、动词过去时或should 动词原形。故选B。
38．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤了。使用虚拟语气，根据if条件句用的had done可知，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。
39．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。根据句意可知，使用虚拟语气表示与过去相反的事实，if条件句用had done，省略if，将had提前，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选D。
40．A
【详解】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。

41．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果有时间我肯定和你一块去看电影。根据前一句中的now可知，本句中if引导的从句表示对现在的情况进行假设，从句用did，主句用“would＋do”，故选B。
42．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：那天我病了，否则我会参加运动会的。 从句中的otherwise判断，与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以用would have done。故选B项。
43．C
【详解】试题分析：考查if条件状语从句虚拟语气。在if条件状语从句，与过去相反的时候，从句使用过去完成时，主句使用“情态动词+have done”。句意：—Mark独自一人去医院了。—如果他告诉我这件事情，我会和他一起去的。故Ｃ正确。
【名师点睛】虚拟条件句的类别
虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下：
1. 与现在事实相反
条件从句用过去时（be动词的过去式一律用were），主句用would （should/ might / could）+动词原形”。如：
If I were you, I would accept the invitation to the party. 如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。
If I knew her well, I would tell you about her.
如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。
2. 与过去事实相反
条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”, 如：
If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened.
如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。
If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the first bus. 如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。
3．与将来事实相反
条件从句用过去时或者“were to + 动词原形”或者“should+ 动词原形”，主句用“would （should/ might / could）+动词原形”, 如：
If it were Saturday tomorrow, we wouldn’t have an exam. 如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。
If you were to visit the school tomorrow, you would see Professor Smith.
如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。
If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off until next Friday.
如果明天下雨的话，运动会将被推迟到下周五举行。
考点：考查虚拟语气
44．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：我由于超速交了200元的罚金。要是我遵守了交通规则该多好！对过去情况的虚拟，条件句中用过去完成时，主句用“would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词”，故选A。
考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。
45．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你当时不让我开车，如果我们轮流开车的话，你就不会这么累了。根据“You didn’t let me drive.”判断此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句要用过去完成时，主句用wouldn’t have done结构，故D项正确。
【点睛】注意：表示与将来事实相反的假设时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为would/should/could+动词原形；表示与现在事实相反的假设时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be用were），主句谓语形式为would/should/could+动词原形；表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句谓语形式为had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为would/should/could have+过去分词。
46．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们知道接下来发生什么，他们会再想一想。本句是一个倒装句，可还原为：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。根据had known提示，可知是与过去事实相反，因此虚拟语气主句中应该用would/might have done，故选D。
47．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不我早来了，但是我不知道他们在等我。But后的内容可知，我不知道他们在等我，因此我也没有早来。But后是真实的事实，相当于一个条件。But前是对过去的虚拟，对过去的虚拟主句应该用would have done，根据句意可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟。故选D。
48．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：说实话，我宁愿我来承担这些痛苦，而不是你。你不知道我有多担心。短语would rather 后面的从句使用虚拟语气，如果是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，要使用过去完成时的形式，如果是与现在事实相反，要使用一般过去时。句意说明本句是与过去的事实相反，故使用过去完成时。故B正确。
49．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：强烈建议每年检查机器。It is strongly recommended that …强烈建议……，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，此处recommend“建议”，后接主语从句时，从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气，其构成为：should +动词原形，此处should可以省略；因为机器被检查，所以此处从句的谓语动词需用 (should) be done。故选A。
50．A
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：王陵，我的一个朋友，英语很好。 他说英语，就好像他是个英国人一样。结合语境，as if引导的从句用虚拟语态，从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用were。故选A项。
51．C
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：如果富兰克林碰了钥匙，他会死于电击。根据句意可知，此句使用了与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，主句用“would/could/should/might+现在完成时”，从句用过去完成时。故选C。
52．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：着火的要求之一是将材料加热到燃烧温度。A. is heated被加热；B. be heated被加热；C. would be heated将被加热；D. do heat的确加热。句中requirement表示“要求”，后接表语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，heat与主语the material之间是被动关系，应用被动语态(should) be heated。故选B项。
53．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有一千万美元，我会周游世界。分析句子可知表示对现在情况的虚拟语气，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。故选D。
54．D
【详解】考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们把所看到的记录下来。分析句子可知，recommend（建议）后用that引导宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，构成should do结构，should可以省略。故选D项。
55．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议我们参观博物馆时，要尽可能地专心。根据句子分析可知，recommend表“建议”，后跟宾语从句，从句中谓语动词应用“(should)+do”，故选D。
56．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们都会采取坚决措施。if引导的虚拟条件句，与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用should +动词原形，也可将should移到句首并省略if，构成虚拟条件句的倒装结构。故选B。
57．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：由于已发现两例奥米克罗冠状病毒变异病例，英国政府敦促最近从南非抵达的任何人接受检测。A. being tested正在被检测；B. was tested被检测；C. must be tested必须被检测；D. be tested被检测。分析句子，has urged后接that引导的宾语从句， urge表示“敦促”，后接宾语从句时应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，本句中test与主语anyone之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即（should）be tested。故选D项。
58．D
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：他的父母坚持认为他受伤很严重，坚持要求他立即被送往医院。动词insist后接两个 that引导的宾语从句，第一空insist意为“坚持说、坚持认为”，用陈述语气，由insisted可知事情已发生，第一空从句谓语时态用一般过去时；第二空insist意为“坚决要求做某事”，要用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略。故选D。
59．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要求他提前一小时来。动词request后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，谓语部分为：should+动词原形，should可以省略，故选D。
60．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果每个人在他成年早期的某个时候失明或失聪几天，这将是一件幸事。根据would be并结合句意，观察选项可知，句子运用虚拟语气，对一般情况的相反假设，条件部分用一般过去时，be stricken构成被动语态，表示虚拟，be动词用were，进行部分倒装，were置于句首，首字母大写。故选D项。
61．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：太阳从东方升起，从西方落下，好像是绕着地球转。根据客观事实可知，地球是围绕太阳转的，因此句子是虚拟语气，描述与客观事实相反的情况，由seems可知，句子是一般现在时，因此空格处是描述与现在相反的事实，时态往过去推一步，由后面的as it rises in the east and sets in the west可知，句子表示“当太阳从东方升起，从西方落下，好像它是绕着地球转”，因此空格处是过去进行时，无论主语是单数还是复数，虚拟语气中的be动词都用were，因此空格处是were circling，故选C。
62．B
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：她苍白的脸色表明她病了，她父母建议她做一次体格检查。前半句是that引导的宾语从句，主句动词suggested表示“表明”，主句是一般过去时，从句应该也用一般过去时。后半句suggest表示“建议”，此处宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，所以第二空应填should have，故选B项。

63．C
【详解】考查谓语动词、虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：美国的主要政治家已致信美国艺术与科学学院，敦促其确定州、地方政府和大学可以采取的行动，以保持国家在人文和社会科学教育方面的卓越。”第一空涉及一个urge引导的宾语从句，表示“敦促”，从句的谓语需要用“should加上一般现在时”，其中should还可以省略，所以填identify。第二空涉及一个非谓语动词的选择，该句谓语为identify，且根据句意，此空表目的，所以应用maintain的不定式to maintain。故选C项。
64．C
【详解】考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意：经理建议我们应该有一个助手。要做的工作太多了。第一空，引导同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that引导；第二空，suggestion后的同位语从句中谓语动词用should加动词原形。故选C。
65．A
【详解】考查动词虚拟语气。句意：老师建议她的学生写一篇关于他们使用ESP的经历的作文。表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等含义的动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”表示虚拟语气，should可省略，本句中谓语动词为原形write。故选A项。
66．A
【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：谈到死亡，文森特·梵高可能被其他人杀害，因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀，而阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦本应该活得更长，但他拒绝接受手术。A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；B. should have been killed; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；C. may have been killed; must have lived可能被其他人杀害，一定活了很长；D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害，一定活了很长。结合句意，may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测，should have done 本应该做某事，实际未做，符合句意。故选A项。
67．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有中国歼-15战斗机项目负责人罗阳的贡献，这些成就是不可能实现的。根据without 可知，此处是个含蓄条件句，表示对过去情况的虚拟用would have done，主语These achievements 和achieve之间是被动关系，且表示否定意义，用would not have been done符合题意。故选C。
68．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和部分倒装。句意：她建议我不仅要去参加英语晚会，还要唱首英文歌曲。根据句子里的“suggested…but also sing”的结构可知，首先要考虑suggest后面是宾语从句。根据句子意思可知，这里的suggest要翻译成“建议”的意思，所以，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词要用“（should）+动词原形”的结构。所以，陈述句的时候空格上应该填I should go。但是，在空格前面有not only，和后面的but also构成固定搭配的并列连词结构，当not only位于句首时，它后面的这个小分句要部分倒装，即把谓语动词里的助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前面。根据虚拟句的要求，这个小分句的谓语动词是“（should）+动词原形”的结构，有情态动词should，所以倒装的时候直接把should提到主语前面即可。故选B项。
69．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：新政府要求尽快消除腐败，重获人民的信任。动词desire为“要求”之意，后接宾语从句，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中的should通常可以省略。corruption 与cure之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。
70．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我擅长数学，所以我的老师建议我在第一年选择高年级的数学课程。分析句子可知，句中使用recommend即表“建议”后的宾语从句，应使用虚拟语气，从句谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，其中should一般省略。故选A项。
71．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有那些免费的票，我不会去影院这么频繁。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，与过去事实相反，从句用“had+过去分词”，主句用“would+have+过去分词”。在虚拟语气的句子里，有时可以省略从句中的if，把动词be，助动词had等放在句首。故选C。
72．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：我建议你集中精力学习而不是整天玩电脑游戏。第一空recommend表示建议，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；第二空作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选D。
73．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要求你准时完成任务。request表示“要求”时，后面的从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，故选B项。

74．B
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：她总是以我母亲的口气跟我说话。A. ought to应该；B. as though好像；C. in debt负债；D. as for关于。根据“she were my mother”可知，方式状语从句为虚拟语气，选择项中只有as though可以引导从句的虚拟语气。故选B。
75．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们要是在学校时学习更努力就好了。wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，结合语境和when at school判断此处是与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故选D。
76．A
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：这位女士坚持说那个年轻人偷了她的钱包，要马上把他送到警察局去。动词insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，其后宾语从句不用虚拟语气，但表示“坚持要求，坚持主张”时，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，形式为should加动词原形或直接用动词原形。根据句意可知，在第一空，女士坚持认为年轻人偷了她的钱包，不用虚拟语气，“偷钱包”这动作已经发生，应用过去完成时态had stolen，第二空，女士坚持要求年轻人被送到警察局，应用虚拟语气，且“被送到”有被动意义，应用被动语态，所以用(should)be sent。故选A项。
77．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果中国和其他参与“一带一路”倡议的国家没有共同努力，我们自2015年以来就不会在金融发展方面取得巨大成就。分析句子可知，题干中考查虚拟条件句，逗号前面是省略了if的虚拟条件句，从句中用了过去完成时，是与过去事实相反的假设，主句中是对已经发生过去的且还在进行中的事件的虚拟，需要用“would/should/could/might have been doing”。故选B项。
78．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：——对不起，爸爸。我的学习成绩不好。——哦，要是你没有浪费那么多时间玩网络游戏就好了。A. As if好像，引导方式状语从句；B. Even if即使，引导让步状语从句；C. If only要是…多好，但愿；D. Only if只要，引导条件状语从句。If only接虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的假设。故选C项。
79．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：如果我有时间，我会和我的同学去公园。分析句子，根据句意以及主句中would go可知，本句为虚拟语气，虚拟现在，主句用过去将来时，条件状语从句中用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式had。故选C。
80．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有这么多新单词的话，这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知，句子为虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，D选项符合题意。故选D项。
81．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导的 that 宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限，所以空处需用 (should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。
82．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——玛丽，你介意微信收费吗？——当然介意。如果要我现在付钱的话，我会放弃微信。根据语境和后文now可知此处表示与现在事实相反：主句用would +动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用 were）。故选A。
83．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：每个学生出国前都必须学一门外语。句型It is required that...，该句型中that从句要用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。结合选项，选项B符合题意，故选B。
84．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：士兵完全记得一切，似乎它就发生在昨天。 as if意为“仿佛；好像”，其后的从句可出现虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，句中remembers为一般现在时，故as if从句中用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。
85．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有重力，我们不可能像现在这样自由地在地上行走。A. couldn't不可能；B. mustn't禁止；C. shan't不应该；D. needn't 没必要。由语意可知，本句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故句子谓语动词的否定式要用wouldn't / couldn't/ shouldn't/ mightn't+动词原形。故选A项。
86．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：尽一切努力减少我们城市的污染是每个人的愿望。A. was made 被做出（一般过去时被动语态）；B. be made 被做出（虚拟语气）；C. will be made将被做（一般将来时被动语态）； D. would be made将被作（过去将来时被动语态）。分析句子该空是desire的同位语从句的谓语动词，主语是effort，应使用被动语态；名词desire的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气，should 加动词原形，should可省略。故选B项。
87．B
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：要不是这些拼写错误，我就会在英语考试中得满分了。A. Because of 因为；B. But for 要不是；C. In case of 万一；D. In spite of 尽管。根据句意以及句子用到的虚拟语气，可知此处用but for表示与过去事实相反的假设，故选B。
88．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果竞赛明天举行，我可能去看。结合语境和下文的would go可知，此处为if引导的非真实条件句，与将来的事实相反用一般过去时，should+ 动词原形，或者were to+动词原形，take place无被动语态，综上。故选B。