广东高考英语阅读理解训练题

这是一份广东高考英语阅读理解训练题，共29页。
阅读理解
For everyone who hates setting their alarm an hour earlier to hit the gym, scientists may have some good news.
Afternoon workouts lead to better outcomes for some people, according to a study published this year. The study, which looked at men who are at risk for or have Type2 diabetes (糖尿病) found that participants who exercised in the afternoon experienced more metabolic (新陈代谢的) benefits as well as more positive effects on their exercise performance and fat mass compared to participants who exercised in the morning.
“Our body has a biological clock and this regulates many processes in the body and these processes have a rhythm,” said Patrick Schrauwen, a professor of metabolic aspects of Type 2 diabetes at Maastricht University in the Netherlands.
“Some of these are well known, like your body temperature and your blood pressure.” Schrauwen said. “Our biological clocks also influence our metabolism and whether our bodies burn fat or carbohydrates at certain times,” he added. And for study participants who were fat or at risk for Type 2 diabetes, those fat-burning processes were more efficient in the afternoon hours. Higher body temperatures in the afternoon may also help improve corporal performance, almost like a built-in daily warm-up.
“When you start to realize how strong this biological clock can be and then if you do the things like food intake on the wrong time of the day, or being active on the wrong time of the day or being inactive at times when you should be active, this can have a major influence.” Schrauwen added. “The good news is that you can also use it for your benefit.”
It can be especially helpful for competitive athletes or people training for a race to exercise in the afternoon of a day. For example, Schrauwen said he worked with a football team that was able to improve their performance by moving practice to the afternoon.
1．What is the good news mentioned in the text?
A．People do not need to set their alarm earlier any more.
B．Exercise in the afternoon is good for all human beings.
C．The men with Type 2 diabetes can be treated by exercising in the afternoon.
D．Some people get more benefits when they exercise in the afternoon.
2．What is the scientific basis of Patrick Schrauwen’s study?
A．Our bodies have a regular system. B．Our bodies can adjust to a new habit.
C．The patients with diabetes burn fat faster. D．People can do warm-up inside their bodies.
3．What does the underlined word “corporal” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Memorial. B．Physical. C．Natural. D．Mental.
4．How did Schrauwen prove his research?
A．By working with other scientists. B．By comparing the results from different people.
C．By trying it with specific groups. D．By helping participants at risk for diabetes.

I know what courage looks like. I saw it on a flight I took six years ago, and only now can I speak of it without tears filling my eyes at the memory.
Our flight left the Orlando Airport one Friday morning. But immediately upon the take-off, it was clear that something was wrong. The aircraft was bumping (颠簸) up and down. All the experienced travellers, including me, looked around with knowing (会意的) smiles. If you fly much, you see these things and learn to act calmly about them. However, we did not remain calm for long.
Minutes after we were in the air, our plane began falling quickly. The pilot soon made a serious announcement. “We are having some difficulties,” he said. “Our indicators show that the control system has failed. We will be returning to the Orlando Airport. The flight attendants will prepare you for a bumpy landing. Also, if you look out of the windows, you will see that we are dumping (倾倒) fuel from the airplane. We want to have as little on board as possible in the event of a rough touchdown.” In other words, we were about to crash. Many travellers looked visibly frightened now. No one faces death without fear, I thought.
Then a couple of rows to my left, I heard a still calm voice, a woman’s voice, speaking in an absolutely normal conversational tone. I had to find the source of this voice. All around, people cried. Many screamed. Finally, I saw her. In this state of complete confusion and lack of order, a mother was talking to her child. The woman, in her mid-30s, was staring full into the face of her daughter, who looked to be four years old. The child listened closely, sensing the importance of her mother’s words. The mother’s eye held the child so fixed that she seemed untouched by the sounds of grief and fear around her.
Finally, I leaned over and could hear this soft sure voice with the tone of comfort. Over and over again, the mother said, “I love you so much. Remember, no matter what happens, I love you always.” Fortunately, our landing gear (起落架) held at last and our touchdown was not a tragedy.
However, the voice I heard that day never faded. That mom showed me what a real hero looks like.
5．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A．The crew was getting ready for a take-off.
B．The travellers were taken good care of on the plane.
C．The aircraft was not in normal condition when flying.
D．The passengers were enjoying themselves on the aircraft.
6．Why were they dumping fuel from the airplane?
A．To prepare for a landing. B．To have the airplane not bump.
C．To make the airplane to fly faster. D．To make sure the control system worked well.
7．How was the woman after hearing the pilot’s words?
A．She looked quite angry. B．She didn’t appear so worried.
C．She felt extremely nervous. D．She sounded rather hopeless.
8．What do we know about the child on the plane after the announcement was made?
A．She paid attention to her mother’s words.
B．She screamed and cried with other passengers.
C．She comforted her mother after hearing the emergency.
D．She didn’t seem to be interested in what her mother said.

A few years ago, my sister-in-law started to feel concerned about her teenage daughter. What was she doing after school? Where was she spending her time? My niece was an excellent student, and took part in all kinds of after-class activities. Even so, her mom decided to put a tracking app (跟踪应用程序) on her kid’s phone.
At first, this made my sister-in-law “feel better”. Then the good situation suddenly ended. She recalled, “I found out that she was at a place where she said she wasn’t. I went out in the middle of the night and found her walking without shoes in the middle of the street with some friends.” Things went quickly downhill (每况愈下) for the mother and the daughter after that.
With 83% of teens having their own smart phones, according to a 2020 Pew study, more and more of their parents are facing the question: To watch or not?
Ana Homayoun, founder of Green Ivy Educational Consulting, has advised many parents and their kids about this. “I’ve found the tracking app is more acceptable (可接受的) for teens when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safety than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them,” she said.
Mark Bell, a father of a teenage girl, said, “We don’t have tracking apps, but we have set some ground rules that my daughter must follow in exchange for us providing a smart phone,” he said. For example, his daughter must “friend (加为好友)” him on social media so that he can read posts, and must share all passwords.
When you’re trying to build trust, you need to create an environment that encourages it. So, to win their trust, you always need to be straight with (对……坦诚的) your children. “Parents must let children know how and when they’ll be watching them,” said Doctor Pauleh Weigle. If they’re not open about it, he warns, it can “greatly damage the parent and child relationship”.
9．What can we infer from the second paragraph?
A．The author’s niece sometimes lied to her mother.
B．The author’s niece did worse and worse in her studies.
C．The author’s niece always followed her mother’s orders.
D．The author’s niece liked the tracking app on her phone.
10．What did Ana Homayoun suggest parents use the tracking app for?
A．Their kids’ relations. B．Their kids’ secrets.
C．Their kids’ health. D．Their kids’ security.
11．How can Mark Bell’s daughter have a smart phone?
A．She ought to earn money to pay for it.
B．She must follow some ground rules.
C．She should put a tracking app on her phone.
D．She has to tell him where she is anytime.
12．What is Doctor Pauleh Weigle’s opinion about parents using a tracking app?
A．Letting them check their children’s phones often.
B．Teaching their children how to use their phones better.
C．Telling their children to use their phones less and less.
D．Making their children know how and when they will watch them.

Harbin Ice Festival 2023
Ever think of what Elsa’s ice palace might look like in real life? Ice stairs, ice walls, and ice towers? When winter approaches, Harbin turns into a kingdom of ice and snow.
The annual Harbin Ice and Snow Festival opens in late December and lasts for around 3 months, till late February.
What’s New for Harbin Ice Festival
Every year, there’s a unique theme for the Ice Festival. A huge Snowflake Ferris Wheel (摩天轮) has already been built inside the park. Visitors will be able to ride on the Ferris Wheel and overlook the ice castles in early 2023. For this upcoming festival, the highlight may be when the giant Snowflake is colorfully lit up at night, shining high in the sky.
Yearly Time Line
Dates
Activities
Early December
Ice Harvest
December
Carving and Building
Christmas period
Unofficial Opening
Jan. 5, 2023
Opening Ceremony
Jan. 18 to Feb. 15, 2023
Special Celebrations for Chinese New Year
Late Feb. to early Mar.
Ice and snow sculptures start to melt
Click here and Book Now! Tickets for Harbin Ice and Snow World are on sale now!*Dec. 25, 2022—Jan. 5, 2023: ¥170/person (half price for children)
*Jan. 6, 2023—Feb. 28, 2023: ¥230/person (half price for children)
Contact us for available tour dates before they are fully booked.
Attention
As long as the ice and snow sculptures are open to visitors, it is impossible to take photos of the charming ice buildings without any visitors in! This might be different from what you see in the media (that have special access).
13．When can visitors have a ride on the Ferris Wheel at the earliest?
A．In late February, 2022. B．In late December, 2023.
C．At the end of 2022. D．At the beginning of 2023.
14．What will take place during the Christmas time?
A．The opening ceremony will start officially.
B．There will be special celebrations.
C．The festival will open informally.
D．Ice will begin to be carved.
15．If a couple with their two kids go to see the opening ceremony, how much should they pay?
A．¥425. B．¥510. C．¥575. D．¥680.

Etiquette Matters Centre presents 2-Day Confidence and Manners Workshop
Always wanted to give yourself the cutting edge that sets you apart from your peers (同龄人)?
Our 2-Day Confidence and Manners Workshop will give you much needed improvement and empower you with the soft skills that will set you apart from your peers and serve you well into adulthood.
This highly-respected, incredibly effective workshop is a hot favourite among parents and children. Through this workshop, our center aims to empower you with confidence in your interaction in various social situations.
Highlight of the Workshop
Day 1
Building self-esteem (自尊) through positive self-talk.
Recognizing the importance of effective listening.
Mastering the art of public speaking with confidence.
Obstacle Course Confidence Challenge.
Day 2
Manners in social media.
Dining manners experience.
Observing respectful manners in social settings
Presentation of certificates of completion to participants.
Hurry! Slots are Limited!
Dates: 12 December (Saturday) &. 13 December (Sunday)
Timing: 9 a. m. to 6 p. m.
Age of participants: 9 to 12 years old
Fees: $ 650 per child (inclusive of course material and lunch and tea for 2 days) Early bird discounts: 5% off for participants who register before 1 November and a free goodie bag worth $60.
To register:
Book through sistick. com or come down to our head office at 65 Bras Basin Road.
For more information, please visit our website, call us or follow us on social media.
16．Participants in the workshop can ______.
A．experience the joy of learning
B．build social skills and confidence
C．promote their relationship with peers
D．equip themselves with excellent academic knowledge.
17．Which activity might be beneficial to those who want to deliver a speech?
A．Dining manners experience.
B．Manners in social media.
C．Mastering the art of public speaking with confidence.
D．Recognizing the importance of effective listening.
18．Which of the following is included for all participants attending the workshop?
A．Course material. B．Tea and supper.
C．A free goodie bag. D．A discount for workshop.

As a student at a medical school, Sam thinks poetry is a big part of his life, thanks to his new teacher, Rafael Campo, who believes poetry can benefit every doctor’s education and work. Rafael is a physician, professor and a highly respected poet.
“Poetry is in every encounter with my patients. If we do anything when we’ re with our patients, we’re really immersed in their stories, really hearing their voices. And, certainly, that’s what a poem does, ” he said.
Rafael worries that something important has been lost in medicine and medical education today: humanity, which he finds in poetry. To end that, he leads a weekly reading and writing workshop for medical students and residents. He thinks medical training focuses too much on distancing the doctor from his or her patients, and poems can help close that gap.
Third-year resident Andrea Schwartz was one of the workshop regulars. She said, “I think there’s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does. And I think that is because there’s just so much power in doctors and patients interacting when patients are at their saddest moments. ” Not everyone believes that’s what doctors should do, though.
Rafael said, “I was afraid of how people might judge me, actually. In the medical profession, as many people know, we must always put the emergency first. But, you know, that kind of treatment, if it’s happening in the hospital, very regrettably, sadly, results in a bad outcome. The family is sitting by the bedside. The patient hasn’t survived the cancer. Don’t wve still have a role as healers there?”
In a poem titled “Health”, Rafael writes of the wish to live forever in a world made painless by our incurable joy. He says he will continue teaching students, helping patients and writing poems, his own brand of medicine.
19．What does the underlined word “immersed” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Committed. B．Forced. C．Persuaded. D．Absorbed.
20．What does Andrea Schwartz think of poetry?
A．It has nothing to do with doctors.
B．It is mostly produced by doctors.
C．It contributes to medical work.
D．It keeps doctors away from patients.
21．Which words can best describe Rafael Campo?
A．Capable and responsible.
B．Gifted but overconfident.
C．Honest and modest.
D．Cold but respected.

This year, new technologies will enable more drivers to take their hands off the steering wheel (方向盘) while on the road. But that doesn’t mean their cars will be fully self-driving-that day still remains far in the future.
Automakers like General Motors (GM), Ford and Stellates are introducing, or upgrading existing technologies. But in the words of Kay Stepper, an automated driving expert, these systems are “feet off’ and “hands off”, but they will not be“eyes off’ or “mind off’.
For the time being, these systems will only be used on limited-access highways, where there are no pedestrians (行人) or bicyclists. Vehicles with this technology will be able to drive at relatively high speeds, but only in simple traffic situations.
Bryan Reimer, a researcher with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Age Lab, said it will be decades before people can buy truly self-driving cars in which humans ride as passengers.
Still, the technology that will be rolled out by the major automakers this year will do more than most so-called Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, or ADAS, do now.
GM’s Super Cruise system allows drivers to completely let go off the steering wheel while driving on selected highways. It was introduced in 2017 on the Cadillac CT6 sedan, which was discontinued last year. An improved version is coming this year on the Cadillac Escalade SUV and the Cadillac CT4 and CT5 sedans.
Super Cruise only works on highways that have been previously laser-mapped in three dimensions. GPS positioning and the vehicles’ radar sensors and cameras are used to enable drivers to unhand all the controls.
Drivers still need to pay attention, however. A camera in the car makes sure the driver is looking at the road at all times. If the driver looks away from the road for more than a few seconds, the system will stop working.
22．At present, what can the self-driving cars do?
A．They can drive freely on city streets.
B．They can run without human drivers.
C．They handle complex (复杂的) road conditions on their own.
D．They allow drivers to take their hands off the steering wheel.
23．What can we infer from the words of Kay Stepper?
A．People need to trust new technology.
B．People still need to pay attention.
C．People can look away from the road.
D．People can’t unhand all the controls.
24．What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about?
A．GM’s latest car models.
B．GM’s Super Cruise system.
C．GM’s development plan.
D．GM’s close competitors.
25．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．It’s High Time to Get a New Car.
B．The Industrial Revolution Is Underway.
C．The Real Self-driving Remains Far.
D．People still need to pay attention.

My husband tells me that I am not a patient woman. And he is right. There is one area, however,where I have been the defender of patience and perseverance:motherhood.
For more than 25 years I have raised two kids, wiping bottoms, chasing and cajoling(哄); combed and washed; with bedtime stories, and never questioned the timeline. Those little milk suckers have taken more than their daily amount of my existing patience and willpower. Don’t be fooled — babies suck out more than breast milk. Even before they emerge, they steal from your very bones,which my osteopath(骨科医师)can confirm. I have painstakingly brought them up,   and the last has just flown the nest proudly this month — off to university in the big smoke, just like his sister.
It seems amazing that human beings are the only animal to take 18 years or more to fledge(长羽毛). Think of the caterpillar that hatches and grows into a butterfly all on its own. Or the baby horse that comes out and starts walking straight away. But the human baby sucks the life out of you for nearly two decades. “Creating and raising another human being”, as my father would say, “could mean the difference between freeing a killer or a lifesaver into the world”.
But mothers and fathers,make sure your existence does not rise and fall with their every breath. When they excitedly walk out the door, you will need something to fill the blank.
There is no school run or bedtimes. The only problem is that now you want to go to bed at the same time that your kids used to. My husband and I look at each other at 8 p. m. and our dry eyes say sleepy — time admittedly to go up to bed and watch an hour of TV or more. If I had had learned anything in all my years of motherhood, it would be more efficient with my spare time; now I am to be even more efficient with the time I have left.
26．Which word can best describe the author’s tone in paragraph 2?
A．Humorous. B．Grateful. C．Regretful. D．Anxious.
27．What do the words by the author’s father stress?
A．Children are born kind.
B．Children should grow freely.
C．Parenting is socially meaningful.
D．A killer is different from a lifesaver.
28．Why do the couple go to bed at 8 p.m.as before?
A．Their kids tell them to.
B．They are tired and sleepy.
C．They miss their kids so much.
D．They lack hobby to pass time.
29．What is the text mainly about?
A．Joys and sorrows from raising kids.
B．Marriage and constant understanding.
C．Loss and hesitation after kids flying the nest.
D．Motherhood challenges and the following wound.

Researchers at the University of California, Santa Barbara have designed a one-foot device that can jump more than 30 meters in the air, three times the current record for a jumping robot.
“The motivation came from a scientific question,” the lead author Elliot W. Hawkers, a mechanical engineer at UC Santa Barbara, says in a statement. “We wanted to understand what the limits were on engineered jumpers.”
“Many mechanical jumping systems are based on biological jumpers — or those in the animal kingdom, but animals have limits to their jumping ability based on how much energy they can produce in a stroke (收缩) of their muscle,” Charles Xiao, a researcher in Hawkes’lab, says in the statement.
Researchers in this study took a different approach, using a motor to take multiple strokes and increase the amount of stored energy in the spring. The small motor winds up a line that presses the spring, which is made of carbon-fiber compression bows (压缩弓) and rubber bands. When a release mechanism is unlocked, the device launches into the air.
Because the stored energy is greater, this device’s spring-to-motor ratio (比率) is also larger than what’s seen in the animal kingdom by about 100 times. The device is lightweight and aerodynamic, which allows it to jump the height of a 10-story building and increase its speed from zero to 60 mph in nine meters per second.
While this kind of device could be used to navigate difficult lands on the Earth, researchers say it could reach heights even greater on the moon, where gravity is weaker.
“On the Earth, jumping robots could overcome obstacles previously only navigated by flying robots while collecting vision-based data of the ground below,” write the authors. On the moon, the jumps of the presented jumper would be even higher: 125 meters high while covering half a kilometer in a single bound.
30．What inspired the design of the device?
A．A scientific question.
B．A mistaken recognition.
C．The limit to engineer ability.
D．The record of robotic flexibility.
31．How is the innovation of the device presented?
A．By making comments. B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparisons. D．By giving definitions.
32．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．How the device works.
B．Who is in favor of the idea.
C．When the mechanism is unlocked.
D．What causes the device to jump high.
33．What can the device be used to do?
A．Push through crowded streets.
B．Store greater energy for long.
C．Collect research data in time.
D．Help do surveys on the moon.

“The Manuscript Writing Cafe only allows in people who have a writing deadline to face!” owner TakuyaKawai tweeted.“It’s in order to maintain a level of focus and tense atmosphere at the cafe! Thank you for your understanding.”
The cafe charges customers by time used (it operates at a rate of 150 yen or $1.32 per 30 minutes), and is equipped with USB ports, computer stands, and free Wi-Fi. Struggling writers can also bring their own food and drinks, or have it delivered there since coffee and water are the only things available, but it’s pretty strict when it comes to the actual writing.
Although the Manuscript Writing Cafe actually accepts a wide range of writers, from translators and copywriters to novelists and proofreaders, the rules are the same for everyone. When entering the cafe, customers must write down at the reception desk how many words they plan to write and by what time they plan to finish. Every hour, a member of the staff will come by to check on their progress and apply a predetermined pressure level to help move things along. For example, choosing the “S” course will have the cafe staff more militantly pushing you to get the work done, while the “M”course involves a milder approach.
However, the craziest rule of the Manuscript Writing Cafe is that writers are not allowed to end their session until reaching their declared goal or until the place closes down for the day, whichever comes first. It’s not clear how the cafe carries out this rule, but it is meant to keep customers from declaring ambitious targets that they won’t be able to meet.
While some found it interesting, others said that it was too much pressure.“If it were me, I would no longer be able to leave the store and would end up having to live there,”one person commented.
34．What’s the purpose of opening the Manuscript Writing Cafe?
A．To push people to finish writing on time.
B．To provide a shelter for struggling writers.
C．To keep writers from writing themselves out.
D．To make people understand a business concept.
35．What can we learn about the rules of the cafe?
A．The cafe serves food and coffee.
B．The customers are totally left alone.
C．The cafe is paid by time spent there.
D．No plan is required of those with light task.
36．What does the underlined word “militantly” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Elegantly. B．Patiently. C．Secretly. D．Forcefully.
37．How does the cafe prevent customers making impractical plan?
A．They will be spotted and driven out.
B．They can’t leave until reaching their goal.
C．They are locked in the cafe with no supply.
D．They will be double fined for failing the goal.

A flight attendant’s kindness towards a passenger with Parkinson’s disease is appreciated on the Internet after a woman shared his story on social media.
Sharon Radcliffe was on a Delta Airlines flight from Detroit to Nashville last week when the flight attendant, Jeffrey Jones, discovered that an older woman in coach class struggled with the neurodegenerative disease. To Radcliffe’s surprise, Jones immediately took the senior by the hand and brought her to an empty seat in first class; “For the entire flight, I could see him checking in on her, patting her back, helping her get up, walking her (holding hands) up and down the aisle and generally ‘mother hen-ing’ her,” Radcliffe wrote on Facebook.
When Radcliffe asked if he needed any help caring for the woman, Jones simply said, got this.“He told me his grandmother had Parkinson’s and that he was all good, but that he very much appreciated my offer for help.” said Radcliffe. “As I sat in my seat, I literally had tears in my eyes.” Radcliffe, who works at a hospital in Marquette, Michigan, praised Jones for his kindness before she left the plane. Then, she posted the photos of Jones on Facebook where they have been shared thousands of times.
As news agencies continue to pick up the story of Jones’s sympathy, the flight attendant also turned to social media to express his thankfulness for the experience. All of the positive comments, shares, feedback, etc. have been an amazing and humbling experience for me,“ wrote Jones. ”And thank you to Delta for showcasing my story, which happens to be one of thousands upon thousands of the good deeds and hearts we as flight attendants perform and share every day in and out of the air.“
38．How did Jones deal with the older woman?
A．He followed Radcliffe’s instructions.
B．He took care of her skillfully and attentively.
C．He turned to doctors on the flight for help.
D．He provided her with professional treatment.
39．What can we learn about Radcliffe from the story?
A．She assisted Jones in the caring.
B．Her grandmother was a Parkinson’s sufferer.
C．She has appreciable eyes for kindness.
D．She contributed the story to the newspaper.
40．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A Post Is Widely Shared on Facebook.
B．Flight Attendant Takes the Senior to First Class.
C．Medical Treatment Is Performed in the Air.
D．Flight Attendant Gives a Hand to a Parkinson Senior.

We offer a wide variety of classes to suit all. A very popular class we are offering these 2 weeks is the class named “DIY Your Own Desserts”.
Can you imagine how happy your beloved one will be when you give him/ her your DIY desserts when you celebrate a birthday with him/ her? Come and make your own desserts at The Desserts Kitchen. Give you beloved one a surprise!
Recipes we are offering: cheesecake, cookies, pudding and a lot more!
One-to-one Class (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday)
This is a completely hands-on personal cooking experience lasting up to 4 hours, learning 4 — 5 recipes per lesson. The teacher will guide you through how to prepare and make the food. You’ll be able to take home copies of all the recipes and the dishes prepared by yourself.
Fees: $300 per class per person
Group Course (daily)
There are three types of group course: beginners course, intermediate course and advanced course. Below are the details and prices for each course.
All classes run daily and each course lasts 2 hours. You’ ll be able to learn 2- -3 recipes per lesson.
A copy of recipes will be available for you to take home.
The teacher will show how to cook different recipes in front of 8- 10 people in a friendly and sociable atmosphere. There will be opportunities for students to get hands- on experience in some of the classes. At the end of the class, you can either eat the meal prepared during the class or take it home with you.
Fees: $150 per class per person (beginners’ course); $250 per class per person (intermediate course); $350 per class per person (advanced course).
For application, go to our website to get the application form. You can choose to apply for the class online, via email or hand in your completed form in person.
41．When can you take the One-to-one Class?
A．Every day. B．Every Tuesday. C．Every Wednesday. D．Every weekend.
42．What can all the students get from the class?
A．Guides to 4- 5 recipes. B．One-to-one instruction.
C．4-hour hands-on experience. D．The dishes prepared during the class.
43．How much should you pay per class if you want to take the advanced course?
A．$150. B．$250. C．$300. D．$350.

We’re increasingly relying on automation and artificial intelligence in everyday life. But we still don’t quite trust robots and fear they will take our jobs.
Humankind has a complicated relationship with robots. On the one hand, we appreciate how they can do dangerous, repetitive work so we don’t have to. Robots don’t need vacations or medical insurance. And in areas such as agriculture, where farmers can’t find enough people to pick the produce, robots can shoulder some of those tasks. But polls (民意调查) show that the growing robotization of the planet makes us feel deeply agitated - and threatened.
Pew Research Center surveys found that more than 80 percent of Americans believed thạt by 2050, robots would do much of the work humans now do and about 75 percent believed that would make economic inequality worse. Across lines of race, age, and education, people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one.
National Geographic sent David Berreby around the world to look at the present and future state of robots in society.
“Robots now deliver food in Milton Keynes, England, carry supplies in a Dallas hospital, disinfect (给……消毒) patients’ rooms in China and some European countries, and wander parks in Singapore, asking pedestrians (行人) to maintain social distance,” Berreby writes.
“It’s an unavoidable fact that we are going to have machines, artificial creatures; that will be a part of our daily life,” Carnegie Mellon University AI roboticist Manuela Veloso told Berreby. “When you start accepting robots around you, like a third species, along with pets and humans, you want to relate to them.”
A third species? That’s a new idea indeed. But were not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability to do a lot of tasks, especially unexpected ones, and robots haven’t yet mastered common sense - all sill required to be a magazine editor.
44．What does the underlined word “agitated” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Disappointed B．Proud. C．Comfortable D．Worried.
45．What did Pew Research Center surveys show?
A．Most people regarded workplace automation as good.
B．Most people agreed robots helped stimulate the economy.
C．More people thought robots did more harm than good.
D．More people feared robots would bring more social problems.
46．What does David Berreby’s description imply?
A．People enjoy robots’ company.
B．People have a growing reliance on robots,
C．Robots will pose a serious threat to humans.
D．Robots will soon replace humans in many fields.
47．What is David Berreby’s attitude to accepting robots as a third species?
A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Concerned. D．Reserved
















参考答案：
1．D
2．A
3．B
4．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究发现对一些人来说在下午锻炼会有更好的效果。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Afternoon workouts lead to better outcomes for some people, according to a study published this year.(根据今年发表的一项研究，下午锻炼对一些人来说效果更好)”可知，有些人在下午锻炼会得到更多的好处。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Our body has a biological clock and this regulates many processes in the body and these processes have a rhythm(我们的身体有一个生物钟，它调节着体内的许多过程，这些过程是有节奏的)”可推知，Patrick Schrauwen的研究的依据是我们的身体有一个规律的系统。故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“And for study participants who were fat or at risk for Type 2 diabetes, those fat-burning processes were more efficient in the afternoon hours. Higher body temperatures in the afternoon may also help improve corporal performance, almost like a built-in daily warm-up.(对于肥胖或有2型糖尿病风险的研究参与者来说，这些脂肪燃烧过程在下午更有效。下午更高的体温也可能有助于改善corporal表现，就像内置的每日热身一样)”可知，下午较高的体温也有助于提高身体表现，就像每天的热身一样。故画线词意思是“身体的”，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段中“And for study participants who were fat or at risk for Type 2 diabetes(对于肥胖或有2型糖尿病风险的研究参与者)”以及最后一段“For example, Schrauwen said he worked with a football team that was able to improve their performance by moving practice to the afternoon.(例如，施劳文说，他曾与一支足球队合作，该球队将训练时间移到下午，从而提高了他们的表现)”可推知，施劳文通过在特定群体中尝试来证明他的研究。故选C。
5．C
6．A
7．B
8．A

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者六年前经历的一次异常惊险的飞行，一位母亲的话语让作者知道了到底什么是勇气。
5．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“But immediately upon the take-off, it was clear that something was wrong. The aircraft was bumping (颠簸) up and down.(但是在起飞后，很明显出了问题。飞机上下颠簸。)”可知，第二段讲述的是飞机在飞行中出现了问题。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中飞行员所说的“Also, if you look out of the windows, you will see that we are dumping (倾倒) fuel from the airplane. We want to have as little on board as possible in the event of a rough touchdown.(此外，如果你从窗户往外看，你会看到我们正在从飞机上倾倒燃料。我们希望在发生艰难的着陆时尽可能少地搭载。)”可知，他们倾倒燃料的原因是准备着陆时，减轻飞机的承载。故选A项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段的首句“Then a couple of rows to my left, I heard a still calm voice, a woman’s voice, speaking in an absolutely normal conversational tone.(然后，在我左边几排，我听到一个仍然平静的声音，一个女人的声音，用一种绝对正常的谈话语气说话。)”可以推断出，这位女士非常的冷静，似乎没有一点担心。故选B项。
8．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“The child listened closely, sensing the importance of her mother’s words. (孩子仔细听着，感觉到母亲的话的重要性)”可知，通知发出后这个孩子一直专注于母亲所说的话。故选A项。
9．A
10．D
11．B
12．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。根据皮尤2020年的一项研究，83%的青少年拥有自己的智能手机，越来越多的父母面临着这样一个问题：看还是不看？针对这一问题，作者给出了自己的看法。
9．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“She recalled, “I found out that she was at a place where she said she wasn’t. I went out in the middle of the night and found her walking without shoes in the middle of the street with some friends.””（ 她回忆道：“我发现她在一个她说她不在的地方。我在半夜出去，发现她和几个朋友在街中央不穿鞋走路。”）可知，作者的侄女有时对她母亲撒谎。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第四自然段““I’ve found the tracking app is more acceptable (可接受的) for teens when it is included as part of a family agreement to improve safety than when it is placed as a secret tool to watch them,” she said.”（她说：“我发现，与将跟踪应用作为监视他们的秘密工具相比，将其作为家庭协议的一部分以提高安全性时，青少年更容易接受跟踪应用。”）可知，Ana Homayoun建议家长将跟踪应用程序用于孩子的安全。故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据第五自然段“Mark Bell, a father of a teenage girl, said, “We don’t have tracking apps, but we have set some ground rules that my daughter must follow in exchange for us providing a smart phone,” he said.”（马克·贝尔是一名十几岁女孩的父亲，他说：“我们没有追踪应用程序，但我们制定了一些基本规则，我女儿必须遵守这些规则，以换取我们提供智能手机。”）可知，马克·贝尔的女儿必须遵守一些基本规则才会有智能手机。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据最后一段““Parents must let children know how and when they’ll be watching them,” said Doctor Pauleh Weigle. If they’re not open about it, he warns, it can “greatly damage the parent and child relationship”.”（“父母必须让孩子知道他们将如何以及何时观察他们，”Pauleh Weigle医生说。他警告说，如果他们对此不持开放态度，这会“极大地损害亲子关系”。）可知，Pauleh Weigle医生认为父母要让他们的孩子知道他们将如何以及何时观看。故选D。
13．D
14．C
15．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍的是2023年哈尔滨冰雪节的相关情况。
13．细节理解题。根据What’s New for Harbin Ice Festival部分中的“Visitors will be able to ride on the Ferris Wheel and overlook the ice castles in early 2023.(游客将能够在2023年初乘坐摩天轮并俯瞰冰城堡。)”可知，游客可以乘坐摩天轮的最早时间是在2023年初。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据Yearly Time Line表格中的信息中的Unofficial Opening(非官方开幕)可知，在圣诞节期间会有非官方的开幕。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据Yearly Time Line表格中的信息中的Opening Ceremony(开幕式)的时间是Jan. 5, 2023(2023年1月5日)，再根据表格下面的价格信息中的“*Dec. 25, 2022—Jan. 5, 2023: ¥170/person (half price for children)(2022年12月25日—2023年1月5日：170元/人（儿童半价）)”可以计算出，一对夫妇和两个孩子的费用是¥510（2*170+2*85）。故选B项。
16．B
17．C
18．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项针对儿童开展的旨在培养社交技能和自信的研讨会。
16．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Our 2-Day Confidence and Manners Workshop will give you much needed improvement and empower you with the soft skills that will set you apart from your peers and serve you well into adulthood.(我们为期两天的自信与礼仪研讨会将为您提供所需的改进，并赋予您软技能，使您从同龄人中脱颖而出，并在成年后很好地服务你。)”和第三段关键句“Through this workshop, our center aims to empower you with confidence in your interaction in various social situations.(通过这次研讨会，我们中心的目标是让你在各种社交场合的互动中拥有自信。)”可知，研讨会参与者可以培养社交技能和自信。故选B。
17．推理判断题。根据Day 1下的第三行“Mastering the art of public speaking with confidence.(自信地掌握公开演讲的艺术)”可推知，此活动可能对想要发表演讲的人有益。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容“Fees: $ 650 per child (inclusive of course material and lunch and tea for 2 days)(费用：每人650元（包括2天的课程资料及午餐和茶）)”可知，正常情况下，每个孩子需要缴纳650美元，包括2天的课程材料。由此可知，参加研讨会的所有参与者都会获得课程材料。故选A。
19．D
20．C
21．A

【导语】这是一篇议论文。Rafael Campo认为，诗歌有助于医生的教育和工作，文章主要介绍了他的相关观点。
19．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段““Poetry is in every encounter with my patients. If we do anything when we’ re with our patients, we’re really immersed in their stories, really hearing their voices. And, certainly, that’s what a poem does, ” he said.(“我与病人的每一次相遇都充满了诗意。当我们和病人在一起的时候，我们真的沉浸在他们的故事中，真的听到他们的声音。当然，这就是诗歌的作用，”他说。)”可知，当与病人在一起的时候，是真的沉浸在他们的故事中，真的听到他们的声音。此处immersed指“沉浸于；全神贯注于”，与absorbed互为同义表达。故选D项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“She said, “I think there’s no other profession other than medicine that produces as many writers as it does. And I think that is because there’s just so much power in doctors and patients interacting when patients are at their saddest moments. ”(她说：“我认为除了医学，没有其他职业能培养出这么多作家。我认为这是因为当病人处于最悲伤的时刻时，医生和病人之间的互动有很大的力量。”)”可知，Andrea Schwartz认为除了医学，没有其他职业能培养出这么多作家，因为当病人处于最悲伤的时刻时，医生和病人之间的互动有很大的力量。由此可推知，她认为诗歌有助于医疗工作。故选C项。
21．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“He says he will continue teaching students, helping patients and writing poems, his own brand of medicine.(他说，他将继续教授学生，帮助病人，写诗——他自己的医学品牌。)”可知，Rafael能帮助病人，也能写诗，是一个很有能力，也很负责的人。故选A项。
22．D
23．B
24．B
25．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍自动驾驶技术的发展及应用，同时指出离完全自动驾驶还很遥远。
22．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This year, new technologies will enable more drivers to take their hands off the steering wheel (方向盘) while on the road. But that doesn’t mean their cars will be fully self-driving-that day still remains far in the future.(今年，新技术将使更多的司机在路上可以把手从方向盘上拿开。但这并不意味着他们的汽车将完全自动驾驶——那一天仍然遥远的未来。)”可知，现在的自动驾驶车辆让司机解放双手，把手从方向盘上拿下来，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Automakers like General Motors (GM), Ford and Stellates are introducing, or upgrading existing technologies. But in the words of Kay Stepper, an automated driving expert, these systems are “feet off’ and “hands off”, but they will not be“eyes off’ or “mind off’.(通用汽车(General Motors)、福特(Ford)和星途(states)等汽车制造商正在引进或升级现有技术。但用自动驾驶专家Kay Stepper的话来说，这些系统是“不用脚”和“不用手”的，但它们不会“不用眼睛”或“不用心思”。)”可知，现在的无人驾驶技术还没有完全成熟，由此可推断，还是需要人们注意安全，故选B。
24．主旨大意题。根据文章第六段“GM’s Super Cruise system allows drivers to completely let go off the steering wheel while driving on selected highways.(通用汽车的超级巡航系统允许司机在选定的高速公路上驾驶时完全放开方向盘。)”可知，本段主要介绍通用汽车的超级巡航系统，故选B。
25．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This year, new technologies will enable more drivers to take their hands off the steering wheel (方向盘) while on the road. But that doesn’t mean their cars will be fully self-driving-that day still remains far in the future.(今年，新技术将使更多的司机在路上可以把手从方向盘上拿开。但这并不意味着他们的汽车将完全自动驾驶——那一天仍然遥远的未来。)”，再根据下文的介绍可知文章的中心就是自动驾驶技术的发展及应用，同时指出离完全自动驾驶还很遥远。C选项“The Real Self-driving Remains Far.(真正的自动驾驶还很遥远。)”符合文章主题，适合作标题，故选C。
26．A
27．C
28．D
29．D

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身的经历讲述了妈妈们在抚养孩子长大的过程中面临的挑战以及孩子长大离家后留下的创伤：没有兴趣爱好打发时间。作者后悔没有培养自己的兴趣，决定改变。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段“Those little milk suckers have taken more than their daily amount of my existing patience and willpower. Don’t be fooled—babies suck out more than breast milk. Even before they emerge, they steal from your very bones, which my osteopath can confirm. I have painstakingly brought them up, and the last has just flown the nest proudly this month — off to university in the big smoke, just like his sister.(那些小吸奶器消耗了我每天的耐心和毅力。别被骗了——婴儿吸的可不只是母乳。甚至在它们出现之前，他们就吸食你的骨髓了，这一点我的整骨医生可以证实。我辛辛苦苦把他们养大，最后一个刚在这个月在大烟云中骄傲地飞了去上大学，就像他的姐姐一样。)”可以看出，作者使用的语言充满了幽默的语气。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句““Creating and raising another human being” ,as my father would say, “could mean the difference between freeing a killer or a lifesaver into the world”.(“创造和养育另一个人”，正如我父亲所说，“可能意味着释放一个杀手还是救世主进入这个世界的区别”。)”可知，父亲说的话强调了父母对养育孩子未来成为什么样的社会人方面所起的重要作用。故选C项。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“ If I had learned anything in all my years of motherhood, it would be more efficient with my spare time; now I am to be even more efficient with the time I have left.(如果我在做母亲的这些年里学到了什么，那我的业余时间就会更有效率，现在我将更有效率地利用剩下的时间。)”可知，这对夫妻依然像以前一样晚上八点睡觉，是因为没有自己的爱好，即使有自己的空闲时间了也不知道干些什么好。故选D项。
29．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过自身的经历讲述了妈妈们在抚养孩子长大的过程中面临的挑战以及孩子长大离家后留下的创伤。故选D项。
30．A
31．C
32．A
33．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一款新研发的机器人装置可以跳超过30米高，在月球上可跳至125米高，可用于帮助人类进行月球勘测。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The motivation came from a scientific question(研发的动机来自于一个科学疑问)”可知，激发设计这个装置的是一个科学疑问。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据第四段“Researchers in this study took a different approach(研究人员采用了一种不同的办法)”以及第五段“Because the stored energy is greater，this device’s spring-to-motor ratio (比率) is also larger than what’s seen in the animal kingdom by about 100 times.(由于储存的能量更大，设备中的发动机和弹簧协同运作的动力比大于动物世界大约一百倍) ”可知，该装置的创新性能是通过和基于生物原理的机械跳跃系统作对比来呈现的。故选C。
32．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“Researchers in this study took a different approach, using a motor to take multiple strokes and increase the amount of stored energy in the spring.(研究人员采用了一种不同的方法，使用发动机进行重复冲程来增大弹簧里存储的能量)”以及最后一句“When a release mechanism is unlocked, the device launches into the air.(当释放机制打开，设备就会弹射到空中)”可知，第四段主要介绍该装置的运作过程。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“On the Earth, jumping robots could overcome obstacles previously only navigated by flying robots while collecting vision-based data of the ground below(在地球上，跳跃机器人能克服之前在收集基于视觉的下方陆地数据只能使用飞行机器人的障碍)”以及下文“On the moon, the jumps of the presented jumper would be even higher(在月球上，展示的这个跳跃机器人能跳得更高)”可推知，跳跃机器人可以协助人类做月球勘测。故选D项。
34．A
35．C
36．D
37．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家治拖延症的写作咖啡馆。
34．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s in order to maintain a level of focus and tense atmosphere at the café(这是为了保持咖啡馆的专注和紧张气氛)”和第三段的“When entering the cafe, customers must write down at the reception desk how many words they plan to write and by what time they plan to finish. Every hour, a member of the staff will come by to check on their progress and apply a predetermined pressure level to help move things along. (进入咖啡馆时，顾客必须在前台写下他们打算写多少字，以及他们计划在什么时候写完。每隔一小时，就会有一名工作人员来检查他们的进度，并施加预定的压力水平来帮助推进工作)”可知，写作咖啡馆只允许面临写作截稿日期压力的顾客进入，营造店内专注和紧张的氛围，是为了督促人们按时完成写作。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The cafe charges customers by time used(咖啡馆按使用时间向顾客收费)”可知，该咖啡馆按使用时间收费，故选C。
36．词义猜测题。根据划线部分后面“while the “M” course involves a milder approach(而“M”型则涉及更温和的方法)”可知，前后为对比关系，由此猜测画线词与milder意思相反，即“强硬地”，与forcefully同义。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据第四段“However, the craziest rule of the Manuscript Writing Cafe is that writers are not allowed to end their session until reaching their declared goal or until the place closes down for the day, whichever comes first. It’s not clear how the cafe carries out this rule, but it is meant to keep customers from declaring ambitious targets that they won’t be able to meet(然而，手稿写作咖啡馆最疯狂的规则是，在达到他们宣布的目标之前，或者在当天关闭之前，作家不得结束他们的课程，以先到者为准。目前还不清楚咖啡馆是如何执行这一规定的，但这是为了防止顾客宣布他们无法实现的宏伟目标)”可知，在达到预先定下的目标之前，顾客不得提前离开，此举目的是防止顾客设定一个他们无法实现的目标。故选B。
38．B
39．C
40．D

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述的由于一名妇女在社交媒体上分享了一名乘务员对一名患有帕金森病的乘客的善举在互联网上受到赞赏的故事。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段中的““For the entire flight, I could see him checking in on her, patting her back, helping her get up, walking her (holding hands) up and down the aisle and generally ‘mother hen-ing’ her,” Radcliffe wrote on Facebook.( Radcliffe在脸书上写道：“在整个飞行过程中，我都能看到他在看她，拍她的背，扶她起来，牵着她的手在过道上走来走去，就像是‘妈妈般的’照顾。”)和第三段中的“When Radcliffe asked if he needed any help caring for the woman, Jones simply said, got this. “He told me his grandmother had Parkinson’s and that he was all good, but that he very much appreciated my offer for help.” said Radcliffe.(当Radcliffe问他是否需要任何帮助照顾这个女人时，Jones只是说，明白了。“他告诉我他的祖母患有帕金森氏症，他一切都很好，但他非常感谢我的帮助，”Radcliffe说。)”可知，Jones很熟练又专心地照顾着老人。故选B项。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Radcliffe, who works at a hospital in Marquette, Michigan, praised Jones for his kindness before she left the plane. Then, she posted the photos of Jones on Facebook where they have been shared thousands of times.(在密歇根州马凯特的一家医院工作的Radcliffe在离开飞机之前称赞Jones的善良。然后，她在Facebook上发布了Jones的照片，这些照片已被分享了数千次。)”可知，Radcliffe有一双欣赏善良的眼睛。故选C项。
40．主旨大意题。根据首段“A flight attendant’s kindness towards a passenger with Parkinson’s disease is appreciated on the Internet after a woman shared his story on social media.(一名乘务员对一名患有帕金森病的乘客的善意在互联网上受到赞赏，因为一名妇女在社交媒体上分享了他的故事。)”可知，本文讲述的是一位乘务人员是如何对待一位患有帕金森症的老人的故事。D项“空中乘务员帮助帕金森老人。”适合做文章标题，故选D项。
41．C
42．D
43．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了教人动手制作甜点的教程。
41．细节理解题。根据第四段“One-to-one Class (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday)(一对一课堂（每周一、三、五）)”可知，每周三可以上一对一课。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据第五段中“You’ll be able to take home copies of all the recipes and the dishes prepared by yourself.(你可以把自己准备的所有食谱和菜肴带回家)”可知，所有的学生都能拿走为门课中所准备的菜。故选D。
43．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“$350 per class per person (advanced course).(每人350美元（高级课程）)”可知，如果你想上高级班，每节课要付350美元。故选D。
44．D
45．C
46．B
47．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是的日常生活中的机器人化和智能化给人们带来了便利的同时，使得人们对机器人化变得更加的焦虑。
44．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“And in areas such as agriculture, where farmers can’t find enough people to pick the produce, robots can shoulder some of those tasks.(在农业等领域，农民找不到足够的人来采摘农产品，机器人可以承担其中的一些任务。)”与划线单词前的内容“But polls (民意调查) show that the growing robotization of the planet makes us feel deeply…(但民意调查显示，地球日益增长的机器人化让我们深深地感受到......)”为转折关系可知，前文讲述的是机器人给人类带来的好处，根据but可知，划线部分所在的句子讲述的是机器人给人们带来的困扰，结合下文“and threatened(且受到威胁)”可确定划线单词的意思是“令人不安”。故选D项。
45．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Across lines of race, age, and education, people who said automation has hurt workers outnumbered those who said it’s helped workers by two to one.(在不同种族、年龄和教育程度的人群中，认为自动化对工人有害的人比认为自动化对工人有益的人多出两倍。)”可知，更多的人觉得机器人化给人带来的弊大于利。故选C项。
46．推理判断题。根据第五段““Robots now deliver food in Milton Keynes, England, carry supplies in a Dallas hospital, disinfect (给...消毒) patients’ rooms in China and some European countries, and wander parks in Singapore, asking pedestrians (行人) to maintain social distance,” Berreby writes. (Berreby写道：“机器人现在在英国米尔尔顿凯恩斯送餐，在达拉斯医院搬运用品，在中国和一些欧洲国家为病人的房间消毒，在新加坡的公园漫步，要求行人保持社交距离。”)“可以推知，人类对机器人在各领域都有所依赖。故选B项。
47．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But were not there yet. So far, Berreby reports, robots can’t equal the human mind’s ability to do a lot of tasks, especially unexpected ones, and robots haven’t yet: mastered common sense - all sill required to be a magazine editor.(但我们还没到那一步。Berreby报告说，到目前为止，机器人还不能在很多任务上与人类思维匹敌，尤其是那些意想不到的任务，而且机器人还没有掌握常识——成为一名杂志编辑还需要具备这些能力。)”可以推知，David Berreby对于把机器人看作是又一物种的看法持不赞成的态度。故选A项