上海高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份上海高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共38页。
阅读理解
If I have a goal in life, it isn’t to be driving a Rolls-Royce. It’s to be giving away more than $1,000,000 a year and having an impact on people’s lives. I have the success today because I always had to work for what I wanted. I grew up accustomed to risks and disappointments, so I was used to moving forward, no matter what.
In 2008, I went to Los Angeles where I tried to get hired as an agent, an analyst and a financial broker. Unfortunately, all these doors slammed in my face. The world’s economy was in a bad state, so I knew I would have to do a little spinning of my own.
Youth involves a certain innocence but also perseverance. The word “can’t” wasn’t in my vocabulary. I partnered with a friend buying distressed multifamily properties around Houston. Even though we were enthusiastic and backed with start-up sums, I didn’t make a deal work. My friend moved on to other projects. Alone, I put all my money into the next real-estate project. I put the time in, I dreamed it, but once again the deal fell through. Two months later, though, the deal came back around. That was when the path opened, luck changed, and I was ready to form my own company. I haven’t looked back. Only ahead.
I’m now able to give back to communities and causes. I donate about $500,000 a year, much of that going to research to cure rare diseases. We also support a lot of services for disadvantaged children in Houston and other places.
I have always been someone who can see the big picture and have never been distracted by things that get in the way. There are lessons to be learned, and the biggest of those is to keep going. You may have to change the path, but always keep that vision in front of you.
1．Which of the following about the author is true?
A．He donated a lot of money to improve his company’s image.
B．He often encountered difficulties in the process of growing up.
C．He started his own company together with a friend.
D．He changed jobs several times while in Los Angeles.
2．By saying “do a little spinning of my own” in the second paragraph, the author probably means he would_____________.
A．look for a part-time job independently B．make his contributions to the economy
C．give in to the disappointing reality D．be self-employed to develop his career
3．Which quality of the author is not shown in the passage?
A．Perseverance. B．Optimism. C．Innocence. D．Kindness.
4．Which one is probably the best title of the passage?
A．Saying No to “Turning Back” B．Tips for a Successful Business
C．Jumping over Economic Downturns D．A Life-time Pursuit of Dream


l Just a 2-minute walk from the terminals, Short Stay is ideal for meeting or dropping passengers and a great choice for short trips away and business meetings.
l You can book Short Stay parking in advance for durations over one hour up to two hours prior to your arrival, subject to availability.
ü 2-minute walk from the Terminal doors.
ü LED lighting to help locate your parking spot.
ü Automated Number Plate Recognition and ‘Car Finder’ system.
ü 24/7 security


l Heathrow Long Stay Parking is ideal if you’re going away for week-long trips or more.
l Simply book Long Stay parking for your trip or drive up to any Long Stay car park. At the entry barrier your registration will be recognised and a ticket will be printed showing your registration and Booking Reference. Once the barrier opens, you may proceed to the zone indicated.
l Use the intercom points at the bus stops to request a pick-up.
ü You won't find our parking cheaper anywhere else.
ü Shuttle buses run every 10-15 minutes to the terminal doors
ü Free Wifi on shuttle buses.
ü 24/7 security


l The ideal solution for time-poor business travelers and other passengers who want to travel efficiently and in style.
l Business parking is available in Terminals 2 & 3 and Terminal 5 with no requirement to hand in your keys.
ü Business-class shuttle buses with minimal wait times.
ü Free Wi-Fi on shuttle buses.
ü 24/7 security.


l Meet and Greet parking is one of the most convenient, worry-free ways to park your car at Heathrow. Just drive your vehicle to our Short Stay car park, leave your keys with us and we’ll do the rest!
ü Short walk to terminal.
ü No transfer needed—just drop your car and off you go.
ü 24/7 secure parking.
ü No wait for car on return.

PLEASE NOTE: Heathrow currently doesn’t provide EV (electric vehicle) charging facilities. With this in mind, we recommend that all customers driving EVs to the airport charge them adequately before arrival.

5．Which parking facility may take you the longest travelling time to the terminals?A．Short Stay B．Long Stay C．Business D．Meet & Greet
6．Under which circumstance may a passenger choose Business Parking?
A．A traveler who would like to enjoy free Wi-Fi at the airport.
B．A student who has an efficient plan on travelling economically.
C．A manager who runs on a tight schedule and may miss his flight.
D．A local who needs to pick up his friend from a long flight.
7．Which one of the following is true according to the advertisement?
A．You may use the “Car Finder” system to locate your vehicle at Business Parking.
B．If you leave your car at Meet & Greet, it is up to you to guarantee its safety.
C．If you intend to take a 10-day trip, you’d better park your vehicle at Short Stay.
D．Passengers driving EVs should charge their battery before parking at the airport.

Cognitive Processing Therapy(CPT), a long-term psychological therapy, is a specific type of cognitive behavioral therapy which reduces post-traumatic stress disorder (创伤后应激障碍) symptoms after natural disasters. Typically, CPT is delivered over 12 sessions to help patients learn how to modify negative attitudes and practices related to their trauma. The goal is that the patient then creates a new, more positive view and understanding of the traumatic event, which reduces on-going negative effects on the patient’s current life. It specifically focuses on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power and control, etc.
Delivered both individually and in structured group sessions, it allows for multiple different paths to receive effective treatments. In some studies, it has shown to be helpful in cases where medicine alone has not worked. Because CPT focuses on retraining thoughts and behaviors to form practical strategies that can be applied to everyday life. Compared to other talk-therapies, it has been especially successful, because it can be completed in a brief period of time, allowing for a lower patient dropout rate. It also enhances brain connectivity, which lessens long-term impacts of trauma. This increased connectivity is why cognitive behavioral therapy is often argued to be more effective than medicine.
On the other hand, there are also multiple disadvantages to CPT. Due to its structured nature, it may not be suitable for people with more complex mental health needs or learning difficulties. Additionally, since it involves facing up to emotions and fears, patients may experience initial periods of additional anxiety or discomfort. Some therapists also argue that because it only addresses current problems and specific issues it does not address possible fundamental causes of mental health conditions, and because it focuses on the individual’s capacity to change themselves it does not address wider system problems that have a significant impact on a patient’s health and well-being.
However, focusing mainly on post-natural disasters, regardless of pre-disaster health, CPT has been repeatedly proven to be a rather successful treatment approach. Although there have not been studies generalizing CPT for children, it is an effective treatment for adults. The clear effectiveness of CPT demonstrates the importance of patient-specific therapies that are unique to the experiences of individual patients.
8．According to the passage, CPT is intended to help patients _________.
A．learn how to modify various negative attitudes and practices
B．cultivate a positive view and understanding of the traumatic events
C．minimize on-going negative effects on their previous and current life
D．focus on the core trauma themes of safety, trust, power, control, etc.
9．Compared with other talk-therapies, what feature contributes to the effectiveness of CPT?
A．Its multiple treating assignments.
B．Its applicable strategies in daily life.
C．Its higher treatment fulfillment.
D．Its brain connectivity enhancement.
10．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．Post-disaster health is not taken into consideration in the CPT.
B．CPT proves to be the most successful treatment approach so far.
C．More researches might be conducted into the effectiveness of CPT in children.
D．CPT addresses the fundamental causes of patients’ mental health conditions.
11．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．The application of Cognitive Processing Therapy.
B．An introduction to a long-term psychological therapy.
C．A breakthrough in the psychological medical field.
D．The limitations of Cognitive Processing Therapy.


People with fixed mindsets believe that:
●Skill, intelligence and talents are natural.
●Failure is shameful and should be avoided.
●Some people are naturally good at things while others not.
●You are not in control of your abilities.
People with growth mindsets believe that:
●You have the capacity to learn and grow your skills.
●Failure is a valuable lesson.
●People who are good at something are good because they build that ability.
●You are in control of your abilities.
have a desire to look smart, so tend to:
—Avoid challenges.
—Give up easily.
—See effort as fruitless or worse.
—Ignore useful negative feedback.
—Feel threatened by the success of others.
have a desire to learn, so tend to:
—Embrace challenges.
—Persist in the face of setbacks.
—See effort as the path to mastery.
—Learn from criticism.
—Find lessons and inspiration in the success of others.
As a result, they may stay at the same level early and achieve less than their full potential.
As a result, they reach ever-higher levels of achievement.
Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems? No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.

12．The book “mindset” is intended to ________.A．tell readers that two different mindsets lead to different results
B．illustrate that people with different mindsets hold different beliefs
C．help readers believe people act differently when facing challenges
D．persuade people to learn to change so as to enjoy a more fruitful life
13．Generally speaking, people with fixed mindsets are mostly ________.
A．successful B．straightforward
C．intelligent D．narrow-minded
14．A person with a growth mindset is likely to say ________.
A．“If I win, I’ll be somebody; if I lose, I’ll be nobody.”
B．“To be good at sports, you need to be naturally gifted.”
C．“Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.”
D．“You have a certain level of ability in sports and you cannot really do much to change it.”

Venus (金星) has long played second to its redder, smaller and more distant neighbor. Given how inhospitable (不宜居住的) Venus has appeared to be, we have spent the majority of the last century pinning some of our biggest hopes of finding signs of life on Mars.
That all changed on September 15, 2020. It was announced that a strange gas called phosphine had been spotted in the clouds above Venus. The gas is produced by microbes, extremely small living things, here on Earth, so the discovery has renewed hopes that there might be life on Venus. Now we need to know for sure.
There is, after all, only so much we can do with ground-based instruments. Venus is extremely bright. This brightness, caused by the intense reflection of sunlight from its thick clouds and highlighted because of its closer distance to Earth, basically blinds our instruments from making more detailed observations of the planet. It is like trying to look at the road while another car’s high beams (远光灯) are pointed in your direction.
“To really get to the heart of this question, we need to go to Venus,” says Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at North Carolina State University. But of course, that is easier said than done. Temperatures at the surface reach 464℃, and pressures are 89 times higher than on Earth. Only the Soviet Union has successfully landed on the Venusian surface—its Venera 13 lander functioned for 127 minutes before succumbing to the bad weather in 1982. It is not easy to justify spending hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars on a mission that could be over in a matter of hours without giving us what we need.
An orbiter is the most sensible start. Unlike ground-based observations, orbiters can peer into the atmosphere and would have a better time observing how phosphine levels change over time or over what regions they are most concentrated. An orbiter also presents the opportunity to complete more challenging projects by potentially venturing directly into the planet’s atmosphere. A sample return mission could be possible, in which a spacecraft flies into the atmosphere and bottles up some gas to bring back to Earth for laboratory analysis.
Trying to find life on another planet, however, is not simply a walk from point A to point B．No single mission to Venus will be able to finish all the work necessary to answer the question. It might be time to think not just about what the next mission to Venus should be, but what a whole new era of Venus exploration would look like: a group of multiple missions that explore Venus in joint efforts—the way we currently do with Mars.
15．Venus is considered inhospitable to humans mainly because ________.
A．the pressure of the planet is too low
B．the surface of the planet is too bright
C．the density (密度) of the clouds is too low
D．the surface temperature of the planet is too high
16．The underlined phrase “succumbing to” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．giving in to B．keeping away from
C．making up for D．putting up with
17．According to the article, scientists will be better able to reveal the secret about Venus by ________.
A．sending astronauts to the planet
B．using a more advanced space telescope
C．launching an orbiter to the planet
D．redesigning their ground-based instruments
18．What can we infer from the article?
A．We have little hope of successfully finding life on Venus.
B．We have a firm determination to discover life on other planets.
C．We have spent much time studying phosphine in the past century.
D．We have attempted to land on the Venusian surface in the last century.

Ten years ago, the cyclist’s riding hard through the first snow storm of the year was a rare sight, often captured for the evening news. Today, however, it is estimated that 4-5% of cyclists ride bikes year-round.
Being prepared is key to a good ride in the winter. The increasing popularity of winter cycling is due to the creation of mountain bike and its imitation. Equipped with more stable bicycles, nothing seems to be able to stop the adventurous winter cyclists. Many of them wear running shoes and protect themselves from the cold by wearing downhill-skiing clothes. On wet days, they wear special water-proof over their shoes.
Besides all these mentioned above, there is one thing that has made winter riding more popular these years. In the past, cyclists need to clean and oil their bicycle chains once a week, which is no easy task. But one bicycle store owner tackled this weekly challenging task with an innovated complete chain cover. With bicycle chains completely covered, cyclists would need to do the troublesome work once every six months. Despite this amazing invention, the store owner still advises cyclists to take a taxi or bus when it’s really snowing heavily, not because conditions are too hard for bicycles, but because she is afraid that many bikers may lose confidence in themselves on snowy days of reduced discernibility, which is very dangerous.
19．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Winter Mountain cycling competitions.
B．Suitable clothing for winter cycling.
C．Popularity of winter cycling and its reasons.
D．Increases in winter cycling equipment.
20．According to the passage, what has made winter cycling no longer a rare sight?
A．Construction of bicycle paths. B．A decrease in equipment prices.
C．The invention of stable bicycles. D．Milder weather in recent years.
21．How did one bicycle store owner help the winter cyclists?
A．She sells bicycles at a very low price.
B．She makes cycling in winter less dangerous.
C．She helps improve cyclists’ confidence when riding.
D．She invents a new way to reduce the frequency of maintenance.
22．The underlined word “discernibility” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A．visibility B．popularity
C．congestion D．creativity

As Christmas approached, the price of turkey went wild. It didn’t rocket, as some might suggest. Nor did it crash. It just started waving. We live in the age of the variable prices. In the eyes of sellers, the right price—the one that will draw the most profit from consumers’ wallets—has become the focus of huge experiments. These sorts of price experiments have become a routine part of finding that right price.
It may come as a surprise that, in buying a pie, you might be participating in a carefully designed social-science experiment. But this is what online comparison shopping has brought. Simply put, the convenience to know the price of anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the consumers, so much power that sellers—in a desperate effort to regain the upper hand, or at least avoid extinction—are now staring back through the screen. They are trying to “comparison shopping” us.
They have enough means to do so: the huge data tracks you leave behind whenever you place something in your online shopping cart with top data scientists capable of turning the information into useful price strategies, and what one tech economist calls “the ability to experiment on a scale that’s unimaginable in the history of economics.”
In result, not coincidentally, normal pricing practices—an advertised discount off the “list price,” two for the price of one, or simply “everyday low prices” are giving way to far more crazy strategies.
“In the Internet era, I don’t think anyone could have predicted how complicated these strategies have become,” says Robert Dolan, a professor at Harvard. The price of a can of soda in a vending machine can now vary with the temperature outside. The price of the headphones may depend on how budget-conscious your web history shows you to be. The price may even be affected by the price of the mobile phone you use for item search. For shoppers, that means price—not the one offered to you right now, but the one offered to you 20 minutes from now, or the one offered to me, or to your neighbor—may become an increasingly unknowable thing. “There used to be one price for something,” Dolan notes. Now the true price of pumpkin-pie spice is subject to a level of uncertainty.
23．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．When holidays come, prices are usually increased.
B．The right price to sellers is the one to bring biggest profits.
C．The right price is fixed although it’s hard to find it.
D．To buy a pie, customers have to become an expert in economy.
24．Sellers stare back through the screen in order to ________.
A．reflect on the effect of the Internet
B．analyze customers’ online buying history for price strategy
C．double check the existence of the purchase
D．find out online where the lowest prices are
25．In Internet age, what element is NOT likely to affect the price of an item?
A．The instant mood of the buyer at the time of purchase.
B．The necessity level of the item at the time of purchase.
C．The extent to which the buyer is sensitive to the price.
D．The price of the facility the buyer uses to look for the item.
26．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The advantages of online shopping over traditional shopping.
B．Measures sellers take to maximize profits.
C．The analysis of pricing mechanism.
D．The battle between buyers and sellers in Internet age.

Trust me — I am expedition doctor
Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.
My work as an expedition (探险队) doctor has taken me all over the world. However, my favourite trips, and the ones in which I now specialise, are those involving mountains. Never do I feel more inspired by nature than when I look up at their towering peaks and begin to prepare myself mentally for the challenges ahead.
I trained as a doctor in the UK, but there was little in that training to prepare me for binding up a broken leg during a storm on the side of a mountain! In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.
This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做). For example, I’ve learned that some drugs can be used for several conditions, and I’ve even had to resort to cutting branches off a small tree to make a stick to support a broken arm.
That isn’t to say that you can’t train to be an expedition doctor; on the contrary, there are some excellent courses available. Not only do they teach medical techniques, but also practical skills such as carrying out risk assessments, crossing rivers safely and using satellite phones. The first course I did included a session on expedition dentistry, though I must admit I still don’t like the idea of pulling out someone’s tooth!
I do most of my work for adventure holiday companies, travelling to remote places. When I started out, these holidays were quite rare, but they have become much more mainstream now that we’ve all seen celebrities climbing Kilimanjaro or watched reality shows about people surviving in jungles.
I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities. And of course, tourism provides employment, and also opens the eyes of rich visitors to the hardship that many people are forced to endure.
I realise that this kind of life isn’t for everyone, but I’d recommend that all doctors try it at least once, if only to make them appreciate the comforts of their usual working environment!
27．The author feels that he has been________.
A．obliged to choose his career B．lucky with his job
C．obsessed with his adventure D．inspired by his patients
28．According to the passage, what can be learned about medical skills for an expedition doctor?
A．They are less important than practical skills.
B．They are strictly required as the most important.
C．They are adequately attained in medical schools.
D．They are an underlying part of practical skills.
29．Why do expedition doctors sometimes have to use unusual techniques?
A．They keep their equipment in a backpack.
B．Things can happen that they don’t expect.
C．They don’t have the resources of a hospital.
D．They are required by the patients on the trip.
30．The author works for ethical companies because________.
A．they organise expeditions in the remote areas he enjoys visiting
B．they appreciate the comforts of the unusual working environments
C．he wants to make sure that his clients are safe at all times during the expedition
D．he feels uncomfortable about the difference between rich tourists and poor local people

The world hosts thousands of exceptional chocolatiers, some of which our magazine is to present to you. And remember that besides ordinary facts like expiration (过期) date or manufacture place, labels bear essential information. If sugar is listed as the main ingredient(原料) on the label, quickly put it down and find a bar in which cocoa shines.
Paul Young, London, England
Award-winning master chocolatier Paul Young deserves the credits he receives for his creativity and mastery with chocolates. Walk into his shop and experience the scent of fresh chocolates. Young is one of the figures who launched the chocolate reform in London, casting aside the sweet British chocolate of the old for the innovative dark chocolate offerings. Try his dark chocolate bars to become a firm chocolate lover.
Three locations in London.
Que Bo!, Mexico City, Mexico
Traditional Mexican flavors come alive in Que Bo! Que Bo! uses only organic ingredients sourced from local producers. Colored truffles(松露) match their star ingredients, such as orange, mango or salt. A major attraction is its open air courtyard shops.
Five locations in Mexico City.
SOMA Chocolate maker, Canada
These Toronto chocolate experts present pure chocolate bars made with beans from around the world. The fir truffles, symbolic of the Canadian pines, combine fruity cocoa and natural oils from the fir trees to give the experience of eating chocolate in a pine forest. SOMA also highlights their expertise(专长) in goods like whiskey and ice cream, which serves as its major selling point providing customers with other choices besides chocolates.
Two stores and a lab in downtown Toronto.
Sprüngli, Zurich, Switzerland
With colorful displays of chocolate truffles and sweets, Sprüngli offers the traditional highend Swiss chocolate experience. This luxury chocolate shop first opened its doors in 1836, the first in Europe according to some. Today, Sprüngli is acclaimed for the chance it offers customers to enjoy coffee and cake in its second-floor café, making the shop a complex of flavor treat.
Numerous locations in Zurich.
SpagNVola, United States
SpagNVola husband-and-wife owners oversee entire chocolate process from farm to store, making the shop stand out. First they grow cacao at their farm. The cacao is handpicked, roasted and refined in their Maryland factory before the final products are shown on its shop shelves. Take the free tour to its kitchen and experience the shop’s magic. Their 70 percent chocolate bars represent the true quality of good chocolate.
Three outlets in U.S.
31．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Young followed the old sweet chocolate fashion and created the new focus on dark chocolate.
B．Que Bo! is famous for its excellent indoor atmosphere.
C．Soma’s main attraction is that it offers items other than chocolates.
D．Sprüngli supplies chocolates to various cafes in the country.
32．What do all these chocolate shops have in common?
A．Initiating the new chocolate trend.
B．Combining fresh ingredients with cocoa.
C．Enjoying a long history.
D．Having more than one shop in its country.
33．SpagNVola excels among its peers because ________.
A．it is run by a couple
B．it controls the whole production process
C．customers can visit the shop free of charge
D．it only sells 70 percent pure chocolate bars
34．Why do customers need to pay attention to chocolate labels?
A．Because only chocolates from the mentioned shops are high quality.
B．Because ingredient list should be checked to guarantee the quality of the chocolate.
C．Because the price will be listed on the label.
D．Because the expiration date is sometimes missing.

I still had a few minutes, so I swung into the cafeteria to grab a coffee. That’s when I spotted him: a threatening-looking punk rocker with biker leathers and black leather boots.
Honestly, his look scared me, so I quickly went out trying to avoid a potential encounter.
It was 1988, and I was a “mature” journalism student, heading to my favorite elective: Sociology-Study of Deviance. Our gray-haired professor was a straight shooter. He usually brought in guest speakers who represented “deviance”. Our guest speakers included an outlandish dancer, a tarot-card reader or even an alcohol addict. And when I was curious that day to see who this session’s speaker was, “Mr. punk rocker” walked in.
He started to talk in a soft voice and told us he was a university student, who lived with his grandma who needed help in every aspect. Therefore, he moved in with her and helped with the cooking and shopping, cleaning and laundry. He made sure she took her meds and tried to make her laugh at least once a day. He described it as a “win-win” for both of them, but I suspected that it was a lot tougher than he made it sound.
And then he said: “I just figure it’s normal for you to feel negative about me because of the way I look. But isn’t that the reason for the existence of such a course named Study of Deviance?”
Wow. Just wow.
“It’s hair and clothing,” he said. “I don’t plan to look this way forever, but for now I like it, and do you think it makes me deviant?”
Every so often, I think about that young man. He’d be about fifty now and couldn’t realize how he influenced me. Because of his visit that day, my kids were allowed to wear whatever they wanted, as long as it was relatively clean and not morally abusive. They are upright and kind kids although they sometimes surprise us with red hair or strange trousers. And I am also happy that I do my selective of Sociology-Study of Deviance well.
35．The underlined word deviance in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A．dressing. B．style C．abnormality D．maturity
36．According to the passage, which of the following statements about the guest speaker is TRUE?
A．He was dressed in a frightening way on purpose in order to surprise the students.
B．He recognized the author and tried to tutor her during the session.
C．He wasn’t aware that many people misjudged him.
D．His behaviors didn’t match the appearance he presented.
37．Why does the author think she does the course well?
A．Because she has learned to enjoy varied fashion styles.
B．Because she didn’t miss any of the course sessions.
C．Because she knows appearance doesn’t equal one’s quality.
D．Because she understands how to educate her kids.

________? ________TO TENDER(投标)
Contract for the design of a luxury hotel and conference centre in Rio de Janeiro.
Horizon Hotel & Conference Centre — 5 stars
www.hotelhorizon.br | 320 rooms
Candidates are asked to submit their letter of intention before 24 June, 2023.
Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro.
HHCC is an international chain of high-class hotels and conference centres. It is famous for providing luxury accommodation and outstanding service. We intend the hotel to be used for conferences and congresses by groups from all over the world.
Selected architectural firms are asked to submit a plan for the ground floor of the building, which will be L-shaped. Details of the project are as follows.
The hotel will have seven floors:
Basement — equipment and storage
Ground floor — facilities to be decided
First floor — a large conference room, three meeting rooms and a seminar room
Second floor — office accommodation
Third-fifth floors — bedrooms
Sixth floor — a large restaurant, available for guests and the general public
The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.
38．Which word best fits the question mark “?” in the passage?
A．INVITATION B．APPROACH
C．CONTRACT D．SUBMISSION
39．According to the passage, the hotel to be built will be mainly intended for________.
A．holiday makers B．conference attendees
C．architectural firms D．construction workers
40．HHCC’s final decision will be based on the best design of________.
A．the basement B．the first floor
C．the ground floor D．the whole building

During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops.
One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.
It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.”
Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches.
The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!”
Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist.
In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists.
41．Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE?
A．He built 14 tree houses altogether. B．He rented his final house to some friends.
C．He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D．He gave an interview to the New York Times.
42．The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.
A．decorating B．hiding C．equipping D．integrating
43．The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________.
A．parties should not be held overnight
B．parties are not allowed in the Central Park
C．no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park
D．the owner of the tree house should get down to work
44．Which might be the best title of the passage?
A．Tarzan of the Central Park B．Locked Up or Breaking Free
C．A Special Job Hunter in New York D．Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat

Jailbreaking commonly refers to unlocking iOS for iPhones and iPads. Seventeen-year-old George Hotz, or geohot as he liked to be called, was the first person to jailbreak an iPhone. He accomplished his feat in 2007, and many others followed his lead.
Jailbreaking an iPhone offers some distinct benefits. With a jailbroken iPhone, you have numerous ways to change any setting to suit your needs. You can also alter the look and feel of the phone so that it matches your personality. Another advantage of jailbreaking for iPhone users is the ability to install apps not offered in Apple’s App Store. Cydia, an alternative app store for jailbroken iOS devices, offers a variety of apps, some of which cost more than others.
Before jailbreaking your iPhone, you should consider the consequences. Jailbreaking immediately voids (使无效) your iPhone’s warranty, which means that Apple is no longer required to fix your phone if something goes wrong. Jailbreaking also exposes you to the dangers associated with alternative apps. Poor quality apps from alternative app stores may cause your iPhone to crash more often or stop working altogether. After jailbreaking your iPhone, you must also be careful not to allow Apple to install new software on your phone.
Apple naturally discourages its customers from jailbreaking their iPhones. According to the company, jailbreaking doesn’t just affect the security and stability of an iPhone. It can also shorten the phone’s battery life. For many people, this is an important consideration.
45．Which aspects of jailbreaking does the article discuss?
A．The ways in which jailbreaking can save people time
B．The positives and negatives associated with jailbreaking
C．The clients who got into legal trouble for jailbreaking
D．The best and worst techniques for jailbreaking phones
46．What does the article imply about the first person to jailbreak an iPhone?
A．He apologized for his actions. B．He produced hardware designs.
C．He gave himself a nickname. D．He was turned down for a job.
47．From this article, what can readers learn about the products offered by Cydia?
A．Their prices vary somewhat. B．Their inventors are quite young.
C．They’re still manufactured abroad. D．They take only a few moments to install.
48．According to Apple, what might happen after a person jailbreaks his or her iPhone?
A．It might need a new camera stand. B．It might become harder to sell.
C．It might be easily damaged by water. D．It might use up its battery faster.

When disaster strikes a community, it is often critical that assistance be provided right away. The best first responders are the people who call that area home. The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program teaches civilians how to prepare themselves for dangers that might affect their communities. Teams of volunteers are trained in basic skills such as fire safety and prevention, search and rescue, and first aid. After training, these volunteers can begin to provide immediate assistance in the consequence of disasters before professional rescuers arrive.
A CERT team can make a huge difference to a community. During the early stages of a disastrous event, citizens will likely face extreme challenges on their own. Emergency services are usually overwhelmed, and communities may be isolated because of blocked roads. A CERT team can size up the situation in their neighborhood and provide help right away. In 1986, untrained volunteers saved more than 800 lives in the Mexico City earthquake. Unfortunately, at least 100 volunteers also died in the process. To ensure their community was better prepared in events like this, Los Angeles piloted the first CERT program in 1986, and many cities followed their lead.
People of all ages can participate in a CERT program-there is even a teen program for adolescents. Local CERT trainers hold an annual training class and provide subsequent classes throughout the year to consolidate skills.
CERT programs are useful on many different levels. Volunteers are trained to act as eyes and ears, locating trapped victims for uniformed emergency responders who arrive later. They learn to put out small fires, shut off equipment, rescue survivors and provide basic medical treatment. Volunteers also create disaster plans to evacuate families as well as collect and store disaster supplies such as water, food and first-aid kits. Working with professionals, a CERT team can help reduce injuries, loss of life and property damage.
There are now CERT programs throughout the United States, and more than 600,000 people have trained as volunteers. Brazil, New Zealand and Turkey have similar programs. Citizens participate because they believe that everyone in a community has a role in disaster preparedness. By working competently as a team, CERT volunteers protect not only themselves but also the people around them when disasters occur.
49．According to the passage, when do CERT members usually provide assistance?
A．Before those professional rescuers arrive. B．When uniformed emergency responders arrive.
C．During the early stages of a disastrous event. D．Throughout the process of rescue in a disaster.
50．The word “pilot” in the second paragraph most probably means ________.
A．conduct B．imitate C．pass D．discuss
51．According to the passage, residents in the community in some countries are willing to be CERT volunteers because ________.
A．they think each in the community is important in preventing and fighting against disaster
B．they believe everyone in the community has the responsibility in a sudden natural disaster
C．they think volunteers in the community can protect themselves and others in a disaster
D．they believe they can help victims earlier and more effectively than professional ones
52．What would be the proper title for the passage?
A．CERT and professional rescue teams are important
B．CERT is a folk but helpful organization in America
C．Ordinary people can save lives in a natural disaster
D．Volunteers can effectively prevent a natural disaster

A great deal can be learned from the actual traces of ancient human movement: the footprints of early hominids (原始人类). The best-known specimens (标本) are the remarkable tracks discovered at Laetoli, Tanzania, by Mary Leaky. These were left by small hominids around 3.6 to 3.75 million years ago.
Examination of the shape of the prints revealed to Mary Leakey that the feet had a raised arch, a rounded heel (脚跟), a pronounced ball, and a big toe that pointed forward. These features, together with the weight-bearing pressure patterns, resembled the prints of upright-walking modem humans. The pressures imposed along the foot, together with the length of step, which averaged 87 centimeters, indicated that the hominids had been walking slowly. In short, all the detectable features implied that the feet that left the footprints were very little different from those of contemporary humans.
A detailed study has been made of the prints using photogrammetry, a technique for obtaining measurements through photographs, which created a drawing showing all the curves and shapes of the prints. The result emphasized that there were at least seven points of similarity with modem prints, such as the depth of the heel impression, and the deep imprint of the big toe. Footprints thus provide us not merely with rare impressions of the soft tissue of early hominids, but also with evidence of upright walking that in many ways is clearer than can be obtained from the analysis of bones.
The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods. Hundreds of prints are known, for example, in French caves dating from the end of the last Ice Age, approximately 10,000 years ago. Research by Leon Pales has provided information about this period.
53．What does the passage mainly discuss?
A．The career of Mary Leakey.
B．The analysis of footprint specimens.
C．Accurate dating of hominid remains.
D．Behavioral patterns of early humans.
54．The figure of 87 centimeters mentioned in paragraph 2 refers to the size of the _________.
A．hominids feet
B．hominids bodies
C．steps taken by the hominids
D．objects carried by the hominids
55．Why does the author mention the ‌“heel impression” in paragraph 3?
A．To indicate the weight of early hominids.
B．To emphasize the size of the hominids foot.
C．To hint at a possible injury the hominid had suffered.
D．To give an example of similarity to modem human footprints.
56．What can be inferred about the footprints found in French caves mentioned in the last paragraph?
A．They show more details than the Laetoli prints.
B．They are not as informative as the Laetoli prints.
C．They are of more recent origin than the Laetoli prints.
D．They are more difficult to study than the Laetoli prints






















参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．C
4．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中经常遇到困难，所以无论发生什么，都习惯了勇往直前。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I grew up accustomed to risks and disappointments, so I was used to moving forward, no matter what.(我从小就习惯了冒险和失望，所以我习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么)”可知，B选项“他在成长过程中经常遇到困难”正确。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In 2008, I went to Los Angeles where I tried to get hired as an agent, an analyst and a financial broker. Unfortunately, all these doors slammed in my face.(2008年，我去了洛杉矶，试图在那里找到一份代理、分析师和金融经纪人的工作。不幸的是，这些门都在我面前关上了)”可知，当时世界经济状况很糟糕，所以作者要自主创业来发展自己的事业。由此推知，划线部分意思是“自主创业来发展自己的事业”。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Youth involves a certain innocence but also perseverance. The word “can’t” wasn’t in my vocabulary.(青春既有一定的天真，也有一定的毅力。我的字典里没有“不能”这个词)”以及倒数第二段中“I’m now able to give back to communities and causes. I donate about $500,000 a year, much of that going to research to cure rare diseases.(我现在能够回馈社区和事业。我每年捐赠大约50万美元，其中大部分用于治疗罕见疾病的研究)”可知，作者单纯的品质在文章中没有表现出来。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There are lessons to be learned, and the biggest of those is to keep going. You may have to change the path, but always keep that vision in front of you.(我们要吸取教训，其中最大的教训就是坚持下去。你可能不得不改变道路，但始终保持愿景在你面前)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中经常遇到困难，所以习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么。由此可知，A选项“拒绝‘回头’”最符合文章标题。故选A。
5．B
6．C
7．D

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国希思罗机场的三个停车场以及注意事项。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第一部分中 “Just a 2-minute walk from the terminals,(距航站楼仅2分钟步行路程，)”可知，Short Stay离航站楼步行两分钟；根据文章第三部分“Business parking is available in Terminals 2 & 3 and Terminal 5 with no requirement to hand in your keys.(2、3号航站楼和5号航站楼设有商务停车场，无需上交钥匙。)”可知，Business商务停车场就在一些航站楼里。而根据文章第二部分中“Shuttle buses run every 10-15 minutes to the terminal doors.(每10-15分钟就有班车开往航站楼门口)”可知，Long Stay停车场到航站楼需要坐班车，由此可以推出，从Long Stay到航站楼路程最长。故选B项。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第三部分中“The ideal solution for time-poor business travelers and other passengers who want to travel efficiently and in style.(对于时间紧迫的商务旅行者和其他想要高效、时尚旅行的乘客来说，这是理想的解决方案。)”可知，商务旅行者时间安排紧，最理想的就是选择商务停车场。故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分中“PLEASE NOTE: Heathrow currently doesn’t provide EV (electric vehicle) charging facilities. With this in mind, we recommend that all customers driving EVs to the airport charge them adequately before arrival.(请注意：希思罗机场目前不提供电动汽车充电设施。考虑到这一点，我们建议所有驾驶电动汽车前往机场的客户在到达之前都要充分充电。)”可知，机场没有电动汽车充电桩，所以驾驶电动汽车的旅客最好在停车前把车充好电。故选D项。
8．B
9．C
10．C
11．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种长期心理疗法——认知加工疗法。它能够帮助患者改变消极态度和行为，减少对患者生活的负面影响，但同时也存在一些缺点，患者在初始阶段可能会更加焦虑或不适。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal is that the patient then creates a new, more positive view and understanding of the traumatic event, which reduces on-going negative effects on the patient’s current life.(这样做的目的是让病人对创伤事件有一个新的、更积极的看法和理解，从而减少对病人当前生活的持续负面影响。)”可知，认知加工疗法是为了帮助病人培养对创伤性时间的积极看法和理解。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Compared to other talk-therapies, it has been especially successful, because it can be completed in a brief period of time , allowing for a lower patient dropout rate. It also enhances brain connectivity, which lessens long-term impacts of trauma.   This increased connectivity is why cognitive behavioral therapy is often argued to be more effective than medicine.(与其他谈话疗法相比，它特别成功，因为它可以在很短的时间内完成，允许较低的患者退出率。它还能增强大脑的连通性，从而减少创伤的长期影响。这种增强的连通性就是为什么认知行为疗法经常被认为比药物更有效。)”可知，认知加工疗法成功是因为它完成时间短，增强大脑的连通性，所以它比其他的疗法要更加有效。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, focusing mainly on post-natural disasters, regardless of pre-disaster health, CPT has been repeatedly proven to be a rather successful treatment approach.   Although there have not been studies generalizing CPT for children, it is an effective treatment for adults.   The clear effectiveness of CPT demonstrates the importance of patient-specific therapies that are unique to the experiences of individual patients.(然而，认知加工疗法主要侧重于自然灾害后，而不考虑灾前健康，已多次被证明是一种相当成功的治疗方法。虽然还没有研究将认知加工疗法推广到儿童，但它对成人是一种有效的治疗方法。认知加工疗法的明确有效性证明了患者特异性治疗的重要性，这是个体患者独特的经历。)”可知，认知加工疗法多次被证明是一种相当成功的治疗方法，并且对于成年人来说已经是有效的方法；由此可以推出，下一步很有可能就是将其应用于儿童身上，研究它的有效性。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲了认知加工疗法的定义，它是一种长期的心理疗法；第二段讲了它为何如此有效，其原理是什么；第三段讲了认知加工疗法的缺点；第四段讲了它的应用范围。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种长期心理疗法——认知加工疗法。故选B项。
12．D
13．D
14．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“mindset”这本书。
12．推理判断题。根据文中两个表格内容“People with fixed mindsets believe that(固定心态的人认为)”和“People with growth mindsets believe that(拥有成长型心态的人相信)”可知，本文通过两种不同心态的人进行对比，最后得出结论，根据表格最后“Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset solve all my problems? No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.(改变是艰难的，但我从未听任何人说不值得。转变成长型思维模式能解决我所有的问题吗？不。但我知道，我有一个不同的生活，因为它——一个更丰富的生活)”可知，《心态》一书的目的是说服人们学会改变，才能享受更丰硕的人生。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据表格中间左边部分have a desire to look smart, so tend to下的“Feel threatened by the success of others.(对他人的成功感到威胁)”可推知固定心态的人一般是心胸狭窄的。故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据表格上面右边部分People with growth mindsets believe that下的“You have the capacity to learn and grow your skills.(你有能力学习和提高自己的技能)”以及中间部分have a desire to learn, so tend to下的“See effort as the path to mastery.(把努力看作是通往精通的道路)”结合选项可推知，C项“Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.(学习技术和技巧，并经常练习，你就会不断进步)”是一个拥有成长型思维模式的人可能会说的。故选C项。
15．D
16．A
17．C
18．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍2020年9月15日在金星上空的云层中发现的一种叫做磷化氢的气体，重新燃起了金星上可能存在生命的希望。虽然困难重重，但人们有坚定的决心去发现其他星球上的生命，期中轨道飞行器就是一个明智的途径。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段的““To really get to the heart of this question, we need to go to Venus,” says Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at North Carolina State University. But of course, that is easier said than done.Temperatures at the surface reach 464℃, and pressures are 89 times higher than on Earth. (“要真正了解这个问题的核心，我们需要去金星，”北卡罗来纳州立大学的行星科学家保罗·伯恩说。当然，说起来容易做起来难。火星表面温度高达464℃，压力是地球的89倍)”可知，金星表面温度过高，使得人们难以接近。由此推知，金星不适宜居住主要是因为该星球表面温度过高。故选D。
16．词句猜测题。根据第四段的“Only the Soviet Union has successfully landed on the Venusian surface—its Venera 13 lander functioned for 127 minutes before succumbing to the bad weather in 1982(只有苏联成功地登陆过金星表面——1982年，它的金星13号着陆器在向糟糕天气 succumbing to前，工作了127分钟)”尤其是“bad weather”猜测，划线词意为“屈服”，即金星13号在金星工作了127分钟以后，迫于糟糕天气不等不终止。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“An orbiter is the most sensible start. Unlike ground-based observations, orbiters can peer into the atmosphere and would have a better time observing how phosphine levels change over time or over what regions they are most concentrated. An orbiter also presents the opportunity to complete more challenging projects by potentially venturing directly into the planet’s atmosphere. A sample return mission could be possible, in which a spacecraft flies into the atmosphere and bottles up some gas to bring back to Earth for laboratory analysis.(轨道飞行器是最明智的开始。与地面观测不同，轨道飞行器可以凝视大气层，并可以更好地观察磷化氢水平如何随时间变化，或磷化氢浓度最集中的区域。轨道飞行器还提供了一个机会，通过可能直接进入地球大气层来完成更具挑战性的项目。样本返回任务是可能的，其中航天器飞入大气层，并装上一些气体带回地球进行实验室分析)”可知，通过向金星发射轨道飞行器，科学家将能够更好地揭示金星的秘密。故选C。
18．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Trying to find life on another planet, however, is not simply a walk from point A to point B. No single mission to Venus will be able to finish all the work necessary to answer the question. It might be time to think not just about what the next mission to Venus should be, but what a whole new era of Venus exploration would look like: a group of multiple missions that explore Venus in joint efforts—the way we currently do with Mars.(然而，试图在另一颗行星上寻找生命，并不是简单地从a点走到b点就能完成的，没有一个金星任务能够完成回答这个问题的所有必要工作，也许是时候不只是考虑下一个金星任务应该是什么，而是考虑一个全新的金星探索时代会是什么样子：一组联合探索金星的多个任务，就像我们目前对火星所做的那样)”可知，虽然任务艰巨、困难重重，人们还是会继续探索金星以及其他星球，以寻找生命的迹象。由此推知，我们有坚定的决心去发现其他星球上的生命。故选B。
19．C
20．C
21．D
22．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冬季骑自行车的人为什么增加了，以及最后提出不建议雪天骑自行车。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Today, however, it is estimated that 4-5% of cyclists ride bikes year-round.(然而，今天，据估计4-5%的骑自行车的人全年都骑自行车)”以及第二段“The increasing popularity of winter cycling is due to the creation of mountain bike and its imitation.(冬季自行车的日益普及是由于山地车的创造和模仿)”以及第三段中“Besides all these mentioned above, there is one thing that has made winter riding more popular these years.(除了上面提到的这些，还有一件事使冬季骑行在这些年来变得更受欢迎)”可知，本文主要讲述冬季自行车运动的流行及其原因。故选C项。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The increasing popularity of winter cycling is due to the creation of mountain bike and its imitation.   Equipped with more stable bicycles, nothing seems to be able to stop the adventurous winter cyclists.(冬季自行车的日益普及是由于山地车的创造和模仿。配备了更稳定的自行车，似乎没有什么能阻止冒险的冬季自行车手)”可知，因为稳定自行车的发明导致冬季骑行不再是一种罕见的景象。故选C项。
21．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the past, cyclists need to clean and oil their bicycle chains once a week, which is no easy task. But one bicycle store owner tackled this weekly challenging task with an innovated complete chain cover.   With bicycle chains completely covered, cyclists would need to do the troublesome work once every six months.(在过去，骑自行车的人需要每周清洁一次自行车链，并为其上油，这不是一项容易的任务。但一位自行车店主用一种创新的完整链条套解决了这个每周都具有挑战性的任务。在完全覆盖自行车链条的情况下，骑自行车的人每六个月就需要做一次这项麻烦的工作)”可知，一位自行车店主发明了一种减少维修频率的新方法来帮助冬季骑自行车的人。故选D项。
22．词句猜测题。根据划线单词前文“Despite this amazing invention, the store owner still advises cyclists to take a taxi or bus when it’s really snowing heavily, not because conditions are too hard for bicycles, but because she is afraid that many bikers may lose confidence in themselves(尽管有了这个惊人的发明，但店主还是建议骑车的人在真正下雪的时候乘坐出租车或公共汽车，这并不是因为条件对自行车来说太艰苦，而是因为她担心很多骑车的人对自己失去信心)”可知，不推荐下大雪时骑自行车，不是因为雪天条件艰苦，而更多是因为雪天能见度下降，而失去信心。所以可推测discernibility为“能见度”之意，和A项“visibility”意思相近。故选A项。
23．B
24．B
25．A
26．C

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述在网络时代，因为受到很多因素的影响，物品的价格不再是一成不变的了，文章对定价机制进行了分析
23．细节理解题。根据第一段“In the eyes of sellers, the right price—the one that will draw the most profit from consumers’ wallets—has become the focus of huge experiments. (在卖家看来，合适的价格——从消费者的钱包中获得最多利润的价格——已经成为了巨大实验的焦点。)”可知，对商家来说，合适的价格就是能给他们带来最多利润的价格。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Simply put, the convenience to know the price of anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the consumers, so much power that sellers—in a desperate effort to regain the upper hand, or at least avoid extinction—are now staring back through the screen. They are trying to “comparison shopping” us. (简单地说，随时随地了解任何东西的价格的便利性给了我们消费者如此强大的力量，以至于为了重新占据上风或至少避免灭绝而不顾一切的卖家现在都在屏幕上盯着我们。他们试图和我们“比价购物”)”可知，商家们一直在屏幕上盯着我们是为了和我们“比价购物”，即通过分析消费者的在线购买历史以制定价格策略。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The price of a can of soda in a vending machine can now vary with the temperature outside. The price of the headphones may depend on how budget-conscious your web history shows you to be. The price may even be affected by the price of the mobile phone you use for item search. (现在，自动售货机中一罐汽水的价格会随着室外温度的变化而变化。耳机的价格可能取决于您的网络历史记录显示的预算意识。价格甚至可能受您用于物品搜索的手机价格的影响。)”可知，一件商品的价格会受室外温度、预算意识和消费者用于物品搜索的手机价格等的影响，不包括购买者当时的情绪。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It may come as a surprise that, in buying a pie, you might be participating in a carefully designed social-science experiment. But this is what online comparison shopping has brought. (买馅饼时，你可能会参加一个精心设计的社会科学实验，这可能会让人感到惊讶。但这就是网上比价购物所带来的。)”和最后一段““In the Internet era, I don’t think anyone could have predicted how complicated these strategies have become,” says Robert Dolan, a professor at Harvard. (哈佛大学教授罗伯特·多兰表示：“在互联网时代，我认为没有人能够预测这些策略会变得多么复杂。”。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述在网络时代，因为受到很多因素的影响，物品的价格不再是一成不变的了，文章对定价机制进行了分析。故选C。
27．B
28．A
29．C
30．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者主要讲述了自己作为远征医生的工作经历。
27．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.(我从小就喜欢冒险，但我从来没有想过我会因为我所选择的职业而定期满足这种激情。)”可知，作者觉得有这份工作很幸运，故选B。

28．细节理解题。根据第三段的“In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.(事实上，我想说的是，在工作要求清单上，医疗技能排在耐力、灵活性、解决问题的能力和沟通能力之后。)”可知，作为远征医生，医疗技能不如实用技能重要。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第四段的“This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做).(这种药物远离医院那种受控制的无菌环境，而且你的医疗箱基本上包括你能携带的任何东西，所以有时你必须准备好临时应变。)”可知，远征医生有时不得不使用不寻常的技术是因为他们没有医院那样的资源。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities.(对于这些拥有大量可支配收入的人来到贫困地区只是为了自己的享受，我确实有一种复杂的感情，所以我努力确保我工作的公司有很高的道德标准，并有益于当地社区。)”可知，作者为有道德的公司工作，因为他对富有的游客和贫穷的当地人之间的差异感到不舒服。故选D。
31．C
32．D
33．B
34．B

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍5个巧克力生产商。
31．细节理解题。根据SOMA Chocolate maker, Canada部分“SOMA also highlights their expertise(专长) in goods like whiskey and ice cream, which serves as its major selling point providing customers with other choices besides chocolates. (SOMA还强调了他们在威士忌和冰淇淋等商品方面的专业知识，这是其主要卖点，为客户提供巧克力以外的其他选择。)”可知，Soma的主要吸引力在于它提供巧克力以外的商品。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据Paul Young, London, England部分“Three locations in London. (在伦敦有三家店。)”， Que Bo!, Mexico City, Mexico部分“Five locations in Mexico City. (在墨西哥城有五家店。)”， SOMA Chocolate maker, Canada部分“Two stores and a lab in downtown Toronto. (在多伦多市中心有两个商店和一个实验室。)”，Sprüngli, Zurich, Switzerland部分“Numerous locations in Zurich. (在苏黎世有无数家店。)”和SpagNVola, United States部分“Three outlets in U.S. (在美国有三家门店。)”可知，这5个巧克力生产商在各自的国家都不止有一家商店。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据SpagNVola, United States部分“SpagNVola husband-and-wife owners oversee entire chocolate process from farm to store, making the shop stand out. (SpagNVola的夫妻俩负责监督从农场到商店的整个巧克力加工过程，使商店脱颖而出。)”可知，SpagNVola在同行中表现出色是因为他们夫妻俩负责管理和监督整个生产过程。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据第一段“And remember that besides ordinary facts like expiration (过期) date or manufacture place, labels bear essential information. If sugar is listed as the main ingredient(原料) on the label, quickly put it down and find a bar in which cocoa shines. (请记住，除了保质期或生产地点等普通事实外，标签上还包含重要信息。配料是糖的就不选，那就不是真正的巧克力。)”可知，顾客需要注意巧克力标签，是因为应该检查配料表以保证巧克力的质量。故选B。
35．C
36．D
37．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者深深地受到选修课中“Mr. punk rocker”的影响，让她明白了外表不等于品质的道理。
35．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Our guest speakers included an outlandish dancer, a tarot-card reader or even an alcohol addict. And when I was curious that day to see who this session’s speaker was, “Mr. punk rocker” walked in.(我们的演讲嘉宾包括一个古怪的舞者，一个塔罗牌占卜者，甚至还有一个酒鬼。那天，当我好奇地想看看这次会议的演讲者是谁时，“朋克摇滚先生”走了进来。)”可知，作者所选择的选修课的演讲嘉宾都是一些“社会失常行为者”的代表。故划线词与abnormality为同义词，意为“失常，异常行为”。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据第一段中“That’s when I spotted him: a threatening-looking punk rocker with biker leathers and black leather boots.(就在那时，我发现了他：一个看起来很有威胁性的朋克摇滚歌手，穿着机车皮衣和黑色皮靴。)”以及第四段“Therefore, he moved in with her and helped with the cooking and shopping, cleaning and laundry. He made sure she took her meds and tried to make her laugh at least once a day.( 因此，他搬去和她住在一起，帮忙做饭、购物、打扫和洗衣服。他确保她按时吃药，每天至少逗她笑一次。)”以及第五段中“And then he said: “I just figure it’s normal for you to feel negative about me because of the way I look.”(然后他说:“我只是觉得你因为我的长相而对我有负面的感觉很正常。)”可知，该名选修课的演讲嘉宾着装异常，但对自己的奶奶是无微不至的照顾。通过外表并不能由此就判定该人士是社会越轨者。而通过该嘉宾所说的内容可知，很多人只是因为他的外表穿着和长相由此对其产生了负面的感觉，这是不合理的。为此可以推断，他的行为与他的外表是不相符。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Because of his visit that day, my kids were allowed to wear whatever they wanted, as long as it was relatively clean and not morally abusive. They are upright and kind kids although they sometimes surprise us with red hair or strange trousers. (因为那天他的来访，我的孩子们可以穿任何他们想穿的衣服，只要相对干净，没有道德上的忌讳。他们是正直和善良的孩子，虽然他们有时会让我们惊讶的红头发或奇怪的裤子。)”可知，作者深深地受到了该位演讲嘉宾的影响，在教育子女方面，作者明确的知道虽然有时候孩子们穿着怪异，但是他们本身确实正直和善良的孩子，即她知道外表不等于品质。这是作者学好这门选修课的原因。故选C。
38．A
39．B
40．C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于地平线酒店和会议中心的投标邀请。
38．推理判断题。根据文中“Horizon Hotels and Conference Centres (HHCC) invites several architectural firms to present a plan for designing a Hotel and Conference Centre in Rio de Janeiro. (地平线酒店和会议中心（HHCC）邀请几家建筑公司提出了在里约热内卢里约热内卢设计酒店和会议中心的方案)”可推知，文章是投标的邀请书。故“邀请”最适合问号部分。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据第六段中“We intend the hotel to be used for conferences and congresses by groups from all over the world.(我们打算将该酒店用作来自世界各地团体的会议和代表大会)”可知，将要建造的酒店将主要用于会议与会者。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The contract to design the hotel and conference centre will be awarded to the architectural firm which produces the best plan for the ground floor.(酒店和会议中心的设计合同将授予为底层设计出最佳方案的建筑公司)”可知，HHCC的最终决定将基于底层的最佳设计。故选C。
41．D
42．B
43．C
44．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。
41．细节理解题。根据第三段中““I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times.(“我喜欢呆在树上，”雷德曼向《纽约时报》的一名记者解释道)”可知，他接受了《纽约时报》的采访。故选D。
42．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and”以及后文“them with branches and green paint”可知，雷德曼煞费苦心地隐藏他的树屋，把它们建在公园里被忽视的角落里，用树枝和绿色油漆伪装起来。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance.(公园管理部门很快就发现了他的活动。然而，这些房子往往在很长一段时间内都没有被发现。有些保存了整整一年，才被官员们发现并销毁，Bob Redman在远处悲伤地看着)”可推知，第5段中划线的句子表明中央公园不应该再有树屋。故选C。
44．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.(关于现代人猿泰山的传言被证实是真的。这个年轻人在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现)”结合文章文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。可知，A选项“中央公园的人猿泰山”最符合文章标题。故选A。
45．B
46．C
47．A
48．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了能够解锁iphone和ipad的iOS系统以及它的优缺点。
45．细节理解题。根据第二段“Jailbreaking an iPhone offers some distinct benefits.( 解锁iPhone有一些明显的好处。)”和第三段 “Before jailbreaking your iPhone, you should consider the consequences. (在解锁你的iPhone之前，你应该考虑一下后果。)”可知本文主要讨论了与解锁手机相关的积极和消极因素。故选B。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段“Seventeen-year-old George Hotz, or geohot as he liked to be called, was the first person to jailbreak an iPhone. (17岁的乔治·霍兹，或者他喜欢别人称呼他geohot，是第一个破解iPhone的人。)”可知他给自己起了个绰号。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据第二段“Cydia, an alternative app store for jailbroken iOS devices, offers a variety of apps, some of which cost more than others.( Cydia是针对解锁iOS设备的另一个应用商店，提供了多种应用程序，其中一些应用程序的价格高于其他应用程序。)”可知，读者可以了解到Cydia提供的产品价格有所不同。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to the company, jailbreaking doesn’t just affect the security and stability of an iPhone. It can also shorten the phone’s battery life. For many people, this is an important consideration.( 苹果公司表示，解锁不仅会影响iPhone的安全性和稳定性。它还会缩短手机的电池寿命。对许多人来说，这是一个重要的考虑因素。)”根据苹果公司的说法，一个人解锁他或她的iPhone，可能会更快地用完电池。故选D。
49．D
50．C
51．A
52．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社区应急响应小组（CERT）项目教平民如何为可能影响他们社区的危险做好准备。说明了CERT团队可以对社区产生巨大的影响，介绍了其积极作用以及人们对其的看法。
49．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program teaches civilians how to prepare themselves for dangers that might affect their communities. Teams of volunteers are trained in basic skills such as fire safety and prevention, search and rescue, and first aid. After training, these volunteers can begin to provide immediate assistance in the consequence of disasters before professional rescuers arrive. (社区应急响应小组（CERT）项目教平民如何为可能影响他们社区的危险做好准备。志愿者队伍接受消防安全和预防、搜索和救援以及急救等基本技能的培训。经过培训，这些志愿者可以在专业救援人员到达之前，在灾难发生后立即提供援助)”可知，CERT成员通常在灾难中救援的整个过程提供帮助。故选D。
50．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“the first CERT program in 1986, and many cities followed their lead(第一个CERT计划在1986年，许多城市跟随他们的领导)”可知，洛杉矶在1986年通过了第一个CERT计划，许多城市效仿他们的做法。故画线词意思是“通过”。故选C。
51．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Citizens participate because they believe that everyone in a community has a role in disaster preparedness. By working competently as a team, CERT volunteers protect not only themselves but also the people around them when disasters occur.(公民参与是因为他们相信社区中的每个人都可以在备灾中发挥作用。通过作为一个团队称职地工作，CERT志愿者在灾难发生时不仅保护自己，还保护周围的人)”可知，一些国家的社区居民愿意成为CERT志愿者，因为他们认为社区中的每一个人在预防和抗击灾难方面都很重要。故选A。
52．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program teaches civilians how to prepare themselves for dangers that might affect their communities. Teams of volunteers are trained in basic skills such as fire safety and prevention, search and rescue, and first aid. After training, these volunteers can begin to provide immediate assistance in the consequence of disasters before professional rescuers arrive. (社区应急响应小组（CERT）项目教平民如何为可能影响他们社区的危险做好准备。志愿者队伍接受消防安全和预防、搜索和救援以及急救等基本技能的培训。经过培训，这些志愿者可以在专业救援人员到达之前，在灾难发生后立即提供援助)”结合文章说明了CERT团队可以对社区产生巨大的影响，介绍了其积极作用以及人们对其的看法。可知，故C选项“普通人也能在自然灾害中拯救生命”最符合文章标题。故选C。
53．B
54．C
55．D
56．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是科研人员对于远古人类脚印的分析以及这些脚印对于我们研究原始人类和现代人类之间相似性的重要意义。
53．主旨大意题。文章第一段“A great deal can be learned from the actual traces of ancient human movement: the footprints of early hominids (原始人类). The best-known specimens (标本)are the remarkable tracks discovered at Laetoli, Tanzania, by Mary Leaky. These were left by small hominids around 3.6 to 3.75 million years ago.(我们可以从古代人类活动的实际痕迹中了解到很多东西：早期原始人的足迹（原始人类）。最著名的标本是由Mary Leaky在坦桑尼亚Laetoli发现的脚印。这些是大约360万到375万年前的小型原始人留下的。)”引出原始人类足迹标本的话题；二、三段具体讲的是科学家对于原始人类足迹的分析，最后一段“The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods. Hundreds of prints are known, for example, in French caves dating from the end of the last Ice Age, approximately 10,000 years ago. Research by Leon Pales has provided information about this period.(对化石足迹的研究并不局限于这些遥远时期的例子。例如，在上一次冰河时代末期，大约一万年前的法国洞穴中，已经发现了数百个脚印。Leon Pales的研究提供了有关这一时期的信息。)”举例说明对化石足迹的研究并不局限于这些遥远时期的例子。纵观全文，文章都是在围绕着对于远古人类足迹样本的分析展开，而B项“The analysis of footprint specimens(足迹标本分析。)”概括了全文的内容。故选B项。
54．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Examination of the shape of the prints revealed to Mary Leakey that the feet had a raised arch, a rounded heel (脚跟), a pronounced ball, and a big toe that pointed forward. These features, together with the weight-bearing pressure patterns, resembled the prints of upright-walking modem humans. The pressures imposed along the foot, together with the length of step, which averaged 87 centimeters, indicated that the hominids had been walking slowly.( Mary Leakey对这些脚印的形状进行了检查，发现这些脚印有凸起的足弓、圆形的脚后跟、明显的球形和指向前方的大脚趾。这些特征，加上负重压力的图案，很像直立行走的现代人的脚印。脚上施加的压力，加上平均87厘米的台阶长度，表明原始人走得很慢。)”可知原始人走得很慢说明他正在攀登，所以此处的87厘米指的是原始人当时正在攀登的台阶的高度。故选C项。
55．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The result emphasized that there were at least seven points of similarity with modem prints, such as the depth of the heel impression, and the deep imprint of the big toe. Footprints thus provide us not merely with rare impressions of the soft tissue of early hominids, but also with evidence of upright walking that in many ways is clearer than can be obtained from the analysis of bones. (结果强调，与现代印痕至少有7个相似之处，例如脚跟印痕的深度和大脚趾的深度印痕。因此，脚印不仅为我们提供了早期人类软组织的罕见印痕，而且还提供了直立行走的证据，这些证据在许多方面比从骨骼分析中得到的更清楚。)”可知结果显示脚印与现代人类印痕有许多相似的地方，所以作者提到heel impression是为了举例证明与现代人类足迹的相似性。故选D项。
56．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The study of fossil footprints is not restricted to examples from such remote periods. Hundreds of prints are known, for example, in French caves dating from the end of the last Ice Age, approximately 10,000 years ago. Research by Leon Pales has provided information about this period.(对化石足迹的研究并不局限于这些遥远时期的例子。例如，在上一次冰河时代末期，大约一万年前的法国洞穴中，已经发现了数百个脚印。Leon Pales的研究提供了有关这一时期的信息。)”可知在大约一万年前的法国洞穴中，已经发现了数百个脚印，由此可以推断法国洞穴中的脚印比Mary Leaky在Laetoli发现的脚印标本起源更近。故选C项。