2022-2023学年山西省大同市第一中学校高一上学期期中考试英语试卷含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省大同市第一中学校高一上学期期中考试英语试卷含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了 C 2等内容，欢迎下载使用。

 2022~2023学年第一学期高一期中考试英语试卷
英语
(试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，20小题，每小题 2分，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Whether you’re making a one-off trip to London or you’re a regular visitor, using an Oyster travel smartcard is the easiest way to travel around the city’s public transport network.
Advantages of a Visitor Oyster Card
A Visitor Oyster Card is one of the best ways to pay for single journeys on the bus, tube, DLR, tram, London Over-ground and most National Rail services in London:
•Save time - your card is ready to use as soon as you arrive in London.
•It’s more than 50% cheaper than buying a paper travel card or single tickets with cash.
•There is a daily price cap - once you have reached this limit, you won’t pay any more.
•Enjoy special offers and promotions at leading London restaurants, shops, and entertainment venues—plus discounts on the Emirates Air Line cable car and Thames Clippers River buses.
Buy a Visitor Oyster Card
Buy a Visitor Oyster card before you visit London and get it delivered to your home address. A card costs £3 (non-refundable) plus postage. Order online and arrive with your Oyster in hand! You can also buy a Visitor Oyster card from Gatwick Express ticket offices at Gatwick Airport Station and on-board Eurostar trains travelling to London.
Top Up(充值)Your Visitor Oyster Card
You can choose how much credit to add to your card. If you are visiting London for two days, you can start with £ 20 credit. If you run out of credit, add credit at the following locations:
•Touch screen ticket machines in tube, DLR, London Over-ground and some National Rail stations.
•Around 4,000 Oyster Ticket Stops found in newsagents and small shops across London.
•TFL Visitor and Travel Information Centers.
•Tube and London Over-ground station ticket offices.
•Emirates Air Line terminals.
1 What benefit will you get from a Visitor Oyster Card when travelling in London?
A. It increases your working efficiency.
B. It allows you to have meals free of charge.
C. It saves you money on transportation.
D. It provides a 50% discount at a London shop.
2. How many ways are mentioned to buy a Visitor Oyster Card in the passage?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
3. Where can you top up your Visitor Oyster card?
A. At Gatwick Express ticket offices.
B. At a tube station ticket office.
C. On the Internet.
D. On Eurostar trains.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。无论你是来伦敦的一次性旅行，还是经常来伦敦旅游，使用Oyster旅行智能卡是在伦敦公共交通网络上旅行的最简单方式。文章主要介绍了Oyster旅行智能卡相关介绍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Advantages of a Visitor Oyster Card”部分中的“It’s more than 50% cheaper than buying a paper travel card or single tickets with cash.(它比纸质旅行卡或用现金购买单程票便宜50%以上。)”可知，使用Oyster旅行智能卡可以省钱。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Buy a Visitor Oyster Card”部分中“Order online and arrive with your Oyster in hand! You can also buy a Visitor Oyster card from Gatwick Express ticket offices at Gatwick Airport Station and on-board Eurostar trains travelling to London.( 在线订购和Visitor Oyster cards送至您的手上！你也可以在盖特威克机场站的盖特威克快线售票处和前往伦敦的欧洲之星列车上购买Visitor Oyster card。)”可知，此处提及了三种购买Visitor Oyster card的方式。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Top Up(充值)Your Visitor Oyster Card”部分中“Tube and London Over-ground station ticket offices.(地铁和伦敦地上车站售票处。)”可知，可以在地铁和伦敦地上车站售票处上给Visitor Oyster card充值。故选B。
B
Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modem convenience that was too convenient for my own good: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I checked my email. Instead of paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my head wasn’t.
So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy since I’m bad at self-control. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad to my wife.
The cellphone signal at our house was worse than in the past, making my attempts at cheating an experience in frustration. I was trapped, forced to go through with my plan. Largely cut off from e-mail, Twitter and my favorite newspaper websites, I had few ways to connect to the world except for radio and how much radio can one listen to, really? I had to do what I had planned to all along: read books.
This experience has had a happy ending. With determination and the strong support of my wife, I won in my vacation struggle against the Internet, realizing finally that it was I, not the iPad, that was the problem. I knew I had won when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “I don’t need it,” I said.
However, as we return to post-vacation life, a harder test begins: Can I continue when I’m back to work? There are times when the need to know what’s being said right now is great. And I have no intention of giving up my convenience completely. But I hope to resist the temptation(诱惑)to check my e-mail every five minutes, which leads to checking my Twitter feed and a website or two.
I think a vacation is supposed to help you reset your brain to become more productive. Here I hope this one worked.
4. What do we know about the author’s last summer vacation?
A. He was determined to enjoy the beautiful view.
B. He felt satisfied that he had stuck to his usual timetable.
C. He hated himself for acting as if he were at work on vacation.
D. His iPad ruined his plan of finishing a great novel.
5. What did the author do to keep away from the Internet this year?
A. He cut off his cellphone signal.
B. He handed his iPad to his wife.
C. He refused to cheat in his house.
D. He listened to the radio most of the time.
6. When back to work, the author will probably choose to______.
A. continue to read more and more books.
B. stay away from the Internet for ever.
C. stop checking what is being said right now completely.
D. keep control of when and how to use the Internet.
7. What is the author’s opinion of a great vacation in the passage?
A. A vacation means a change of pace to make one more productive.
B. A vacation is a period of time to do whatever one wished to.
C. A vacation is having nothing to do but read all day.
D. A vacation proves that a life of pleasure is overvalued.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者去年的假期被iPad毁掉了，所以今年他直接把iPad交给妻子，并远离网络。在假期里让自己的大脑得到了充分的休息。以此告诉我们要适当控制上网的时间。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Instead of looking at nature, I checked my email. Instead of paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my head wasn’t.(我没有去看大自然，而是去查看电子邮件。我没有划小船，而是关注了我的推特。我坚持每天早上读四份报纸，而不是读精彩的小说。我表现得好像我还在办公室一样。我的身体在度休假，但我的大脑没有。)”可知，在去年的暑假中，本来作者是应该度假的，结果查看电子邮件，关注推特以及阅读报纸等等占据了作者的假期，表面上是度假，但实质上像在办公室一样，所以作者讨厌自己这种状态。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy since I’m bad at self-control. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad to my wife.(所以今年我下定决心要做点不一样事：戒掉互联网。我知道这并不容易，因为我不善于自我控制。但我下定了决心。我从把iPad送给妻子开始。)”可知，作者下定决心要在假期中戒网，把自己的iPad交给妻子来保管。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“There are times when the need to know what’s being said right now is great. I have no intention of giving up my convenience completely. But I hope to resist the temptation to check my e-mail every five minutes, which leads to checking my Twitter feed and a website or two.(有时候，想知道现在正在说什么是很重要的。我不打算完全放弃我的便利。但我希望能抵制住每五分钟查看一次电子邮件的诱惑，这会导致我查看Twitter和一两个网站。)”可知，作者会控制使用网络的时间和次数。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I think a vacation is supposed to help you rest your brain to become more productive. Here I hope this one worked.(我认为假期应该帮助你的大脑得到休息，从而变得更有效率。我希望这个方法有效。)”可知，作者认为假期可以帮助我们的大脑休息并变得更加有思想性和创造性。故选A。
C
Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharper.
Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.
8. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____.
A. believe overweight only affects our body
B. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind
C. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability
D. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions
9. The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ______.
A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memory
B. losing weight can improve people’s mental functions
C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems
D. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly
10. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?
A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people.
B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.
C. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.
D Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Body Weight and Health B. Losing Weight by Operation
C. Ways to Improve Mental Functions D. Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了减肥可以让你的大脑更敏锐。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.（很少有关于超重和认知功能的研究，可能是因为人们普遍认为超重不是导致认知能力低下的主要原因。）”可知，人们在此之前很少研究肥胖和认知功能之间存在关系的原因是人们没有认为肥胖是导致认知功能下降的基本原因，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.（因此，根据John Gunstad领导的一项新研究表明，减肥可能有助于改善这些心智功能。）”可知，减肥可以改善心智功能，故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain.（现在他看到了减肥对记忆力和注意力的积极影响，他说他下一步将研究那些选择用传统方式减肥的人——饮食更健康、更活跃（更爱运动）。他认为这种减肥方式对大脑也有类似的积极影响。）”可知，他在接下来要研究那些通过锻炼和健康饮食减肥的人们，看是否健康减肥也存在这种对大脑的积极影响，即：超重的人是否会通过多运动变得更聪明，故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。结合文章第一段提出“Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharper.（减肥对健康有很多好处，包括使你的大脑更敏锐。）”以及后文对这项研究进行详细介绍，可知D项“减肥可以让你的大脑更敏锐”为本文最佳标题，故选D。
D
A study of violinists found that merely good players practised as much as better players, leaving other factors such as quality of education, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account for the difference.
This finding challenges the 10, 000-hour rule promoted in Malcolm Gladwell’s 1993 study of violinists and pianists. Gladwell states that enough practice will make an expert of anyone. “The idea has been popular and entrenched in our culture for years. It’s not an idiom but an overstatement,” said Brooke Macnamara, the lead author. “When it comes to human skill, a complex combination of environmental factors and genetic factors explains the performance differences across people.”
Macnamara and her colleagues set out to repeat part of the 1993 study to see whether they reached the same conclusion. They interviewed three groups of 13 violinists regarded as best, good, or less accomplished about their practice habits, before having them complete daily diaries of their activities over a week. While the less skillful violinists reached an average of about 6,000 hours of practice by the age of 20, there was little to separate the good from the best, with each reaching an average of about 11,000 hours. In all, the number of hours spent practising accounted for about a quarter of the skill difference across the three groups.
Macnamara believes practice is less of a driver. “Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practised a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to a higher level,” she said. “The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory; in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen. To complicate matters further, one factor can drive another. Children who enjoy playing the violin, for example, may be happy to practise because they do not see it as a trouble.”
The authors of the 1993 study are unimpressed. Macnamara said it was important for people to understand the limits of practice, though. “Practice makes you better than you were yesterday, most of the time,” she said. “But it might not make you better than your neighhour or the other kid in your violin class.”
12. What does the underlined word “entrenched” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Rooted. B. Advanced. C. Changed. D. Unconfirmed.
13. What can we learn about Macnamara’s study?
A. It convinced Malcolm Gladwell. B. It involved violinists and pianists.
C. Its process was similar to the 1993 study. D. Its result is consistent with the 1993 study.
14. What does Macnamara find about highly skilled people?
A. Practicing for 11,000 hours is their main driver.
B. They enjoy keeping diaries about their progress.
C. Environmental factors have little relation to their success.
D. More practice makes little difference to their further progress.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. What makes an expert? B. Does practice make perfect?
C. The early bird catches the worm D. Enthusiasm is the key to success
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了优秀的人的成就是多种因素造成的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的探讨。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。第二段划线词句的上一句“Gladwell states that enough practice will make an expert of anyone.(Gladwell指出，足够多的练习将使任何人成为专家。)”中 Gladwell提出了谚语“Practice makes perfect”的观点，再根据划线词句“The idea has been popular and entrenched in our culture for years.(多年来，这个观点已经很流行，并在我们的文化中entrenched。)”可知，划线单词和前文中的“popular”并列，说明这个传统观点广泛流传并在文化中“基础深厚”，结合选项可知，选项A“根深蒂固的”与之意义最为接近，故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Macnamara and her colleagues set out to repeat part of the 1993 study to see whether they reached the same conclusion.( Macnamara和她的同事重复了1993年的部分研究，看看他们是否能得出相同的结论。)”可知，Macnamara做的实验过程和1993年做的实验是相似的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Macnamara believes practice is less of a driver.( Macnamara认为，练习并不是唯一的驱动因素。)”以及她所说的“Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practised a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to a higher level.(一旦你进入了高技能人群，练习就不能解释这种差异了。每个人都做了很多练习，其他因素在决定谁能上更高的水平上起作用)”可推知，Macnamara认为更多练习对高技能的人的进一步继续进步没有多大影响。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“A study of violinists found that merely good players practised as much as better players, leaving other factors such as quality of education, learning skills and perhaps natural talent to account for the difference.(一项对小提琴家的研究发现，优秀的小提琴手和更优秀的小提琴手仅仅是练习的次数一样多，这时，其他因素，如教育质量、学习技巧，也许还有天生的天赋，就是造成这种差异的原因。)”可知，本文主要说明优秀的人成就是多因素的结果，并对练习的重要性进行了更深层次的说明。选项B“熟能生巧（练习能至完美）吗？”对这一流行的观点进行进一步的探讨，突出主题，适合做标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’re a teenager, you are in a very powerful position. Starting good money habits now will put you ahead for the rest of your life. Here are money tips for you.
Understand the power of time.
You probably aren’t making a ton of money right now, but that doesn’t matter. What matters is time. ____16____ Let’s look at an example: At the end of your summer job, you have $1000. You invest it at a rate of return of 5%. At the end of those 50 years, you will have $11,467.49.
Start a money saving habit.
If you start the habit of saving money now, that habit will always be with you. Every dollar you get, whether it’s a gift, an allowance, or pay from a job, get into the habit of saving a portion of it. Half of it would be ideal. ____17____ The older you get, the harder it can seem to save even 10% of your money.
____18____
There is so much information available on the internet You can find articles that will teach you how to make $100 fast. There are also so many personal finance books to choose from to know where to start. You can talk to your parents about money, too.
Avoid FOMO.
FOMO is fear of missing out. ____19____ It’s important, though, to not give up what you want most for what you want now. What you want now is to take the money you made at your summer job and go on Spring Break. What you want most is to graduate debt free. Or to be able to quit a job you hate because you have a big emergency fund to see you through to your next job. It might not seem like it when you’re eighteen. ____20____
A. Ask for advice.
B. Get Educated.
C. And your money has a lot of it.
D. But all of that will be true in time.
E. Cash tends to burn a hole in our pockets.
F. It’s time to start now because you don’t have many expenses.
G. You’ll think everyone is having more fun than you as a teenager.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了养成良好的理财习惯的一些建议。
【16题详解】
由上文“You probably aren’t making a ton of money right now, but that doesn’t matter. What matters is time.”（你现在可能赚不了多少钱，但这无关紧要。重要的是时间。）可知时间越多，钱就有可能会挣的越多。C. And your money has a lot of it.（你的钱需要很多时间去积累。）符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
由后文“The older you get, the harder it can seem to save even 10% of your money.”（你年纪越大，似乎越难节省你10%的钱。）可知我们应该尽早开始存钱，这样容易积攒更多的钱。F. It’s time to start now because you don’t have many expenses.（现在是时候开始了，因为你没有太多的开支。）符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
由后文“There is so much information available on the internet You can find articles that will teach you how to make $100 fast. There are also so many personal finance books to choose from to know where to start.”（互联网上有很多信息，你可以找到教你如何快速赚100美元的文章。也有很多个人理财书籍可供选择，以知道从哪里开始。）可知我们要多学习，才知道如何理财。B. Get Educated.（接受教育）符合本段主旨句的格式和内容。故选B。
【19题详解】
由后文“It’s important, though, to not give up what you want most for what you want now.”（但重要的是，不要为了你现在想要的而放弃你最想要的。）结合前文“FOMO is fear of missing out.”（FOMO就是害怕错过。），可知我们要坚信自己最需要什么。G.You’ll think everyone is having more fun than you as a teenager.（你会觉得每个人都比你十几岁时玩得更开心。）符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
由上文“It might not seem like it when you’re eighteen.”（当你十八岁的时候可能就不是这样了。）以及前文所提及的那些情况，可知应该构成转折关系，如何你能避免FOMO，所有这些都会成为现实。D. But all of that will be true in time.（但所有这些终将成为现实。）符合语境。故选D。
第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Those who have children will know that it’s incredibly important to celebrate their children’s birthdays -especially when they’re younger. However, this year children have to experience a birthday in lockdown. Elizabeth Guthrie’s parents were ___21___ about the fact that her third birthday was coming up pretty fast, but any party planning had to be toned down due to lockdown measures and social distancing ___22___ . They tried hard to work out a way to celebrate her birthday ___23___ , and then they came up with the perfect ___24___.
Like many people across the globe, Elizabeth loves dogs, so her parents wanted to do something that would ___25___ the youngster to celebrate her birthday with some four-legged friends in tow(牵着). They ___26___ a sign in their backyard asking for dog ___27___ in the area to take their dogs on a walk at a ___28___ time on Elizabeth’s birthday, and they hoped that their neighbors would ___29___ them to celebrate.
In the end, the whole community ___30___ together to wish Elizabeth a happy birthday with their pups in tow. Many of them walked by her house. others drove by, and there were ___31___ some who made their own banners to celebrate Elizabeth’s ___32___ day. She loved every second of it, and there was no ___33___ about the fact that it was a birthday to ___34___ .
Isn’t it ___35___ to see so many people working together for such a great cause?
21. A. excited B. curious C. concerned D. doubtful
22. A. rules B. prejudices C. arguments D. customs
23. A. quietly B. safely C. traditionally D. secretly
24. A. preparation B. achievement C. solution D. introduction
25. A. encourage B. allow C. persuade D. push
26. A. printed B. posted C. found D. dropped
27. A. promoters B. walkers C. protector D. trainers
28. A. specific B. convenient C. different D. critic
29. A. permit B. join C. invite D. remind
30. A. played B. marched C. banded D. walked
31. A. even B. just C. again D. ever
32. A. funny B. busy C. big D. lucky
33. A. busy B. doubt C. telling D. lucky
34. A. observe B. remember C. organize D. decide
35. A. amazing B. beneficial C. adventurous D. challenging
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间，Elizabeth Guthrie的父母发动社区的人，带着他们的狗给Elizabeth庆祝生日的事情。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白·格思里的父母担心，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化。A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. concerned担心的；D. doubtful怀疑的。根据后文“about the fact that her third birthday was coming up pretty fast, but any party planning had to be toned down due to lockdown measures”可知，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化，这使得她父母担忧无法给她过生日。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白·格思里的父母担心，她的三岁生日很快就会到来，但由于封锁措施和社交距离规则，任何派对计划都必须淡化。A. rules规则；B. prejudices偏见；C. arguments争论；D. customs习俗。根据上文“due to lockdown measures and social distancing”可知，这里指封锁措施和社交距离规则，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们努力想办法安全地为她庆祝生日，然后他们想出了一个完美的解决方案。A. quietly安静地；B. safely安全地；C. traditionally传统地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“They tried hard to work out a way to celebrate her birthday”以及提到的疫情原因，所以这里是安全地庆祝生日。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们努力想办法安全地为她庆祝生日，然后他们想出了一个完美的解决方案。A. preparation准备；B. achievement成就；C. solution解决方案；D. introduction介绍。根据上文“then they came up with the perfect”指他们想出了完美的庆生方案。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和世界各地的许多人一样，伊丽莎白喜欢狗，所以她的父母想做一些事情，让这个孩子可以和一些四条腿的朋友一起庆祝她的生日。A. encourage鼓励；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. push推。根据后文“the youngster to celebrate her birthday with some four-legged friends in tow”指她的父母想做一些事情，让这个孩子可以和一些四条腿的朋友一起庆祝她的生日。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A. printed印刷；B. posted张贴；C. found找到；D. dropped落下。根据后文“a sign in their backyard”指张贴牌子，故选B。
27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A. promoters促进者；B. walkers散步者；C. protector保护器；D. trainers教练。根据后文“in the area to take their dogs on a walk at a”可知是请求遛狗者。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A. specific特定的；B. convenient方便的；C. different不同的；D. critic批评家。根据后文“time on Elizabeth’s birthday”可知请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在后院贴了一个牌子，请求该地区的遛狗者在伊丽莎白生日的特定时间带着他们的狗散步，他们希望邻居们能和他们一起庆祝。A. permit允许；B. join加入；C. invite邀请；D. remind提醒。根据后文“them to celebrate”可知，他们希望邻居们能加入他们，和他们一起庆祝。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，整个社区的人带着他们的小狗一起祝伊丽莎白生日快乐。A. played玩耍；B. marched前进；C. banded一伙；D. walked散步。根据后文“together to wish Elizabeth a happy birthday with their pups in tow”可知，整个社区的人带着他们的小狗一起祝伊丽莎白生日快乐。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人走过她的房子，其他人开车经过，甚至有一些人制作了自己的横幅来庆祝伊丽莎白的大喜日子。A. even甚至；B. just只是；C. again再次；D. ever曾经。根据后文“some who made their own banners to celebrate Elizabeth’s”可知有些人甚至制作了横幅。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中的许多人走过她的房子，其他人开车经过，甚至有一些人制作了自己的横幅来庆祝伊丽莎白的大喜日子。A. funny有趣的；B. busy忙碌的；C. big大的；D. lucky幸运的。此处指伊丽莎白的生日，应用big day表示“大日子，重要日子”。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢它的每一秒，毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。A. busy忙碌的；B. doubt怀疑；C. telling告诉；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“She loved every second of it, and there was no”可知，伊丽莎白很喜欢，所以毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢它的每一秒，毫无疑问，这是一个值得记住的生日。A. observe观察；B. remember记得；C. organize组织；D. decide决定。根据上文“about the fact that it was a birthday”可知，这个生日很有纪念意义，值得记住。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这么多人一起为这样一个伟大的事业而努力，不是很神奇吗？A. amazing令人惊讶的；B. beneficial有益的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据后文“to see so many people working together for such a great cause?”可知，看到这么多人一起为伊丽莎白庆生，是很奇妙的事情。故选A。
第二节(共30小题;每小题1分，满分30分)
36. 单词及短语：按照提示要求完成(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
36. __________/ˈsteɪdiəm/n. (根据音标写出单词)
【答案】stadium
【解析】
【详解】考查语音及词汇。根据单词音标可知，该单词为stadium，这是一个名词，表示“体育场、运动场”，故填stadium。
37. /kəmˈpiːt/vi. __________ (根据音标写出汉语意思)
【答案】竞争;对抗
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。根据所给音标，单词应是compete意为“竞争；对抗”。故填：竞争；对抗。
38. audience/__________/n.(根据单词写出音标)
【答案】/ˈɔːdiəns/
【解析】
【详解】考查音标。audience表示“观众”，音标为/ˈɔːdiəns/，故填/ˈɔːdiəns/。
39. The ability to keep calm is one of his________(强项，优点).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】advantages##strengths
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：保持冷静是他的许多优点之一。根据汉语提示“强项，优点”可知应填名词strength或advantage，且one of后接可数名词复数。故填advantages/strengths。
40. The young __________ (compete) won a gold medal in the match.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competitor
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位年轻的选手在比赛中获得了金牌。结合句意在句中作主语，应用名词competitor“竞争者，选手”，此处为特指应用单数。故填competitor。
41. If you __________, you are wild with excitement or worry. (根据句意填空)
【答案】go bananas
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：如果说“你疯了”,就是说你因兴奋和担忧变得疯狂。根据句意可知短语为go bananas，结合are可知为一般现在时，故填go bananas。
42. You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t __________ (成功地发展) as you expect. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】work out
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你不能预测一切。事情往往不会如你所愿。根据汉语提示可知短语为work out，且为否定陈述句。故填work out。
43. Considering the changing situation, we should pace ourselves. (同义替换)
【答案】In view of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：鉴于形势的变化，我们应该调整自己的节奏。根据题干要求，需对considering进行同义替换，considering意为“仔细考虑”，可以用in view of意为“考虑到”进行替换，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填In view of。
44. I was disappointed to miss Bryan, who had just paid the bill and left. (同义替换)
【答案】checked out
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我对布莱恩小姐很失望，她刚付完帐就走了。分析句子可知从句时态是过去完成时，画线短语 paid the bill and left可用checked out替换。故填checked out。
45. 是否一起来由你决定。
It’s __________you whether to come along.
【答案】up to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“由……决定”可知短语为be up to sb.。故填up to。
37. 根据句意完成句子：(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
46. The girl is __________(入迷的)to watching TV all day long, and as a result, she has lost interest in studying.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个女孩整天沉迷于看电视，结果她对学习失去了兴趣。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词addicted，作表语。故填addicted。
47. The __________ (office)were all amazed at the amazing scene.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】officials
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：官员们对这惊人的景象都感到惊讶。作主语，结合后文were可知应用复数。故填officials。
48. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond_____(recognise)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：实际上，病魔和岁月使他变得都认不出来了。beyond是介词，后面接名词作宾语；recognize是动词，名词形式为recognition；短语beyond recognition意思为“无法辨认”。故填recognition。
49. Max will compete __________ a race with others for the first place. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：马克斯将与他人竞争第一名。固定搭配compete in sth参加…比赛（竞赛）。故填in。
50. I’m sorry that I won’t be able to make it to the party on Saturday. __________ (写出黑体词组的汉语意思)
【答案】能够出席
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：很抱歉，我不能参加星期六的聚会了。画线短语make it表示“能够出席”。故填能够出席。
51. He __________an important document when the boss entered.
老板进来时他假装正在看一份重要的文件。
【答案】pretended to be reading
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意“假装正在做某事”可知短语为pretend to be doing sth.，结合后文entered可知为一般过去时。故填pretended to be reading。
52. Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical __________ (fit). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】fitness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：集体锻炼是提高身体素质最有效的方法之一。作宾语，应用名词fitness，不可数。故填fitness。
53. It is __________ honour for me to make a speech to welcome the respected guests. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：我很荣幸地发表讲话，欢迎各位贵宾。此处为句型it is an honour for sb. to do sth.，表示“对某人来说，做某事是一种荣誉”。故填an。
54. The ___________ (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.
【答案】determined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他脸上坚定的表情表明他对自己有足够的信心。修饰人的表情用ed结尾的形容词，determined表示“坚决的、坚定的”，故填determined。
55. When his wife passed away, his world nearly fell __________.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】apart
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他妻子去世后，他的生活几乎崩溃了。短语fall apart表示“崩溃”。故填apart。
38.语法考察：(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
56. 当我陷入困境的时候，是我姐姐帮助了我。(强调句型)
__________ gave me a hand when I was in trouble.
【答案】It was my sister who/that
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。此处为强调句，被强调部分为my sister，可用who或that，结合后文gave可知为一般过去时。故填It was my sister who/that。
57. I’m afraid I don’t have any time, because I __________(meet) some guests from the UK at the airport tomorrow afternoon.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】am meeting
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我恐怕没有时间，因为明天下午我要去机场接一些来自英国的客人。根据后文tomorrow afternoon可知此处为现在进行时表将来，故填am meeting。
58. 我正打算告诉你这件事，这时你打电话来了。
I __________ you about this when you gave me a ring.
【答案】was about to tell
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。此处为句型be about to do sth. when...，根据后文gave可知为一般过去时，故填was about to tell。
59. 他从田间回来后就一直在流汗。
He __________ since he returned from the fields.
【答案】has been sweating
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及时态。根据句意可知应用动词sweat，表示过去发生的动作持续不间断发生到现在，将来可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时。主语是he，助动词用has。故填has been sweating。
60. 演讲者一结束他的讲话,观众就不停地向他提问。
__________ when the audience kept asking him questions.
【答案】Hardly had the speaker finished his speech
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和部分倒装。根据句意可知句型为hardly...when...，否定副词位于句首应用部分倒装，表示“结束讲话”应用finish his speech。故翻译为Hardly had the speaker finished his speech。
61. Linda ate nothing this morning, ________?（附加疑问句）
【答案】did she
【解析】
【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：琳达今天早上什么也没吃，是吗?主句用一般过去时且nothing为否定词，所以反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。根据句意，故填did she。
7. 请写出画线处的短语类型
62. The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (写出画线处的短语类型)
【答案】名词短语
【解析】
【详解】考查短语类型。句意：怀里抱着婴儿的那个女人是我妹妹。画线词部分意思是“怀里抱着婴儿的那个女人”，为名词短语作主语。故填：名词短语。
63. 我以为他已经把这个决定告诉你了。
I thought he __________you about the decision.
【答案】had told
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句与过去完成时态。根据句子结构可知，主句部分是I thought，宾语从句部分是“he __________you about the decision.”，结构中缺少谓语动词，根据从句句意可知，本句需要使用完成时态表达“已经”的含义，但是宾语从句的主句部分使用一般过去时，因此从句中要使用过去完成时态，动词“告诉”是tell，过去分词是told。故填had told。
64. I’m bored. Let’s go home, __________?(根据句意填空)
【答案】shall we
【解析】
【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：我很无聊。我们回家吧，好吗？根据句子结构可知，“Let’s go home”是祈使句，而祈使句中以“Let’s”作为开头，反义疑问句要使用shall we。故填shall we。
10. 写出句子的基本结构
65. The teacher found the classroom empty. (写出句子的基本结构)
【答案】主语+谓语+宾语+补语
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。句意：老师发现教室是空的。此处teacher为主语，found为谓语，the classroom为宾语，empty为宾补。故填：主语+谓语+宾语+补语。
第三部分写作(满分15分：内容10分+卷面5分)
66. 你校将举办主题为“What I Want to Learn in Senior School”的英语演讲活动以规划自己高中阶段的学习、生活。假如你是李华,请结合自身看法与以下要点准备一份演讲稿。
要点包括：
1.学会学习：养成良好的学习方法、习惯 (可举例说明)……
2.学会与人相处：对人真诚、友善,帮助别人,与人相处融洽……
3.培养良好的品质：坚定、乐观,挑战困难,努力实现梦想……
注意：
1.词数80左右;
2.开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数;可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:optimistic adj.乐观的
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning! I’m Li Hua. I feel it an honour to give a speech here about “What I Want to Learn in Senior School”.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening.
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning! I’m Li Hua. I feel it an honour to give a speech here about “What I Want to Learn in Senior School”. Actually, what I want to learn most are as follows.
To begin with, I am supposed to have good learning ways and habits to make sure that I will learn well. Besides, a class is like a family where I should get along well with others. But how can I? As we know, only if we are sincere and kind to others can we have good relationships with them. Finally, I will learn to develop good qualities like being determined, being optimistic and so on. Of course, don’t forget to set a goal and make all efforts to realise it. It is our determination that helps us to challenge difficulties and it is a goal that leads us forward.
I believe I will live my life to the fullest in senior school
Thanks for listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校将举办主题为“What I Want to Learn in Senior School”的英语演讲活动以规划自己高中阶段的学习、生活。假如你是李华,请结合自身看法与以下要点准备一份演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
首先：to begin with →first of all
此外：give a speech →deliver a speech
实现：realise →achieve
尽力：make all efforts to do→ try one’s best to do
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I feel it an honour to give a speech here about “What I Want to Learn in Senior School”.
拓展句：It is an honour that I can give a speech here about “What I Want to Learn in Senior School”.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Actually, what I want to learn most are as follows.（运用了what引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】It is our determination that helps us to challenge difficulties and it is a goal that leads us forward.（运用了强调句及that引导的定语从句）