高考英语单项选择分类训练：被动语态

这是一份高考英语单项选择分类训练：被动语态，共19页。
单项选择
1．She says that each of us has a role in making the earth a better place to live in.
A．to have played B．to play
C．to be played D．to be playing
2．The teacher suggested that much attention should the spelling mistakes.
A．pay for B．pay to
C．be paid for D．be paid to
3．—What do you think of his teaching method?
—It should be popular; it _____ practical.
A．proves B．is proved C．has been proved D．was proved
4．Smoking is strictly ______ in the process of handling explosive materials.
A．prohibited B．forbidding C．prohibiting D．prevented
5．—Why can’t I smoke?
—At no time ______ in the meeting-room.
A．does smoking permit B．is smoking permitted
C．smoking is permitted D．permits smoking
6．Almost 100 computers _________to us by a local computer company since the end of last year.
A．have donated B．are donated C．have been donated D．donate
7．Right now, the deer in the reserve_________over by many volunteers.
A．watch B．are being watched C．were watched D．have been watched
8．The girl is really upset because her new bicycle _________recently.
A．is stolen B．has been stolen C．has stolen D．stolen
9．I was deeply affected by their love in the film.
A．侵袭 B．假装 C．炫耀 D．打动
10．Now we often hear some women complain that men aren’t ________.
A．to rely on B．to be relied on
C．relied D．to be relied
11．Don’t believe him. No harm has ever _____ him.
A．to do B．done to C．been done to D．did to
12．A new era was by the establishment of WTO.
A．come into being B．bringing into being
C．to come into being D．brought into being
13．Seven pairs of eyes ______ on him at this news.
A．fasten B．were fastened C．focused D．fixed
14．His sister left home in 1998, and ________ ever since.
A．had not been heard of
B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of
D．has not heard of
15．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention ________ at the meeting.
A．to be discussed B．to been discussed
C．being discussed D．should be discussed
16．The moment the 29th Olympic Games ______ open, the whole world cheered.
A．declared B．have been declared C．have declared D．were declared
17．We had no rain for four months and the harvest ________.
A．was ruined B．is ruined C．ruined D．ruins
18．When the injured ________ to the hospital, they came to ________.
A．was rushed；life B．were rushed；life
C．rushed；lives D．were rushed；lives
19．These devices have to undergo careful tests before they ________.
A．will be used B．are used C．are being used D．can use
20．By last Monday, three severe flood warnings ________ in this region.
A．had issued B．were issued C．had been issued D．have been issued
21．I wanted my mother to give me some money, but I _________a good scolding(责骂).
A．gave B．had been given C．had given D．was given
22．Peter kept a little notebook, in which_________ the names and addresses of his friends.
A．wrote B．was writing C．was written D．were written
23．How many buildings _______ when the earthquake ended?
A．has been destroyed B．has destroyed C．was destroyed D．had been destroyed
24．More efforts________ to protect the wild animals from________ in this area in the last few years.
A．have been made; hunting B．have made; being hunted
C．have been made; being hunted D．have made; hunting
25．The young man upstairs________ by a policeman. Do you know what happened to him?
A．is being questioned B．is questioned
C．is questioning D．questioned
26．So dangerous was the building that no permission ________ for anybody to enter the building.
A．has to give B．have given
C．has been given D．has given
27．In 2025,we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for more convenient electronic communication tools _____________by then.
A．have developed B．will have been developed
C．have been developed D．will have developed
28．Your presentation is very attractive and I do think your idea is well ________.
A．worth considering B．worthy considering
C．worthwhile of being considered D．worth being considered
29．According to the record, his sister left home in 2020, and ________since.
A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of D．has not heard of
30．There is an increased demand that more organic food________to improve the quality of life.
A．produce B．be produced C．to produce D．being produced
31．The amusement park, which ________ adults and children alike, ________at present and will be open next year.
A．intends for; will be built B．is intended for; will be built
C．intends for; is being built D．is intended for; is being built
32．Mary realized she_____ at that moment.
A．was being played jokes on B．was played jokes
C．was playing jokes on D．was being played jokes
33．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________in the mountains for two days.
A．have been trapped B．had been trapped C．were trapping D．are trapping
34．The book Xi Jinping Telling a Story _______ for over 1.5 million copies since it was published.
A．was sold B．sold C．had been sold D．has been sold
35．Before the project in 2021, over 100 students ______ to stop using social media for seven days.
A．persuaded B．were persuaded
C．have persuaded D．had been persuaded
36．In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A．has served B．is being served C．had been served D．has been served
37．A library with five thousand books ________ to the nation as a gift.
A．is offered B．has offered C．are offered D．have offered
38．Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday.
A．distribute B．distributed
C．are distributed D．were distributed
39．Hawking was also recognised ________ his successful research on black holes and he was able to prove ________ small amounts of radiation could escape black hole gravitational pull.
A．as ... how B．as ... why C．for ... what D．for ... that
40．Now with the development of science and technology, more robots ________ to do the housework.
A．are using B．are being used
C．were used D．will be used
41．By April 24, it was reported that more than 589,000 Koreans ______ in large walk through facilities that delivered quick results.
A．would test B．were tested C．tested D．had been tested
42．When he _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A．was asking B．was asked C．has asked D．was to asked
43．Quantities of money _______ to the children in need.
A．have donated B．have been donated C．has been donated D．has donated
44．Nothing but some ancient Chinese coins ________ in the sunken ship since they began the exploration.
A．were found B．has been found C．had been found D．have been found
45．________ is known that with the help of high technology, more and more new substances________ in the past years.
A．It;discovered
B．As;have discovered
C．As; had been discovered
D．It;have been discovered
46．He insisted that he________ in good health and________ to work there.
A．was; be sent B．is; be sent
C．is; was sent D．was; send
47．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________.
A．was decorated B．had decorated C．had been decorated D．was being decorated
48．Don’t be_________by products claiming to make you lose weight quickly.
A．taken in B．taken down C．taken up D．taken on
49．The two nurses ________ 100,000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.
A．rewarded B．would reward C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded
50．Last year, some measures ________ to protect wildlife resources.
A．are taken B．being taken C．had been taken D．were taken
51．The pond ____ about 2 meters across.
A．is measured B．is longed C．lengthens D．measures
52．Currently, the way coronavirus ______ down by some people is concerning and there are even some throwaway comments that appear to undermine the seriousness of the threat.
A．to be played B．has played C．is playing D．is being played
53．To what extent Hook ______ for his strategies on this occasion is for the historian to decide.
A．is to be blamed B．should be blamed
C．should put blame D．is to blame
54．The electric power ______ to 2.3 million residents, which was 40% of those affected across the state by last Tuesday.
A．was restored B．had restored
C．had been restored D．has been restored
55．The professor became “well-known” when his well-published breakthroughs in cloning human stem cells ______ to be fake.
A．were discovered B．to be discovered
C．has been discovered D．is to discover
56．Dr. Manteca has made it clear that much of his collection ______ to the national gallery.
A．has 1eft B．is to leave C．leaves D．is to be left
57．Helen recommended that I ______ receive further education.
A．was sent to B．sent to C．was sending to D．be sent to
58．Smoking is _______ as a leading cause of lung cancer.
A．applied B．packed C．recognized D．contracted
59．______ can be done ______ done.
A．All; have been B．All that; has been
C．All; has D．All that; have been
60．It’s reported that by the end of this year, huge quantities of good earth ______ due to deforestation.
A．will have been washed away B．is being washed away
C．are being washed away D．will have washed away
61．It was for the first time that he ______ to the party.
A．invited B．had been invited
C．has been invited D．was invited
62．In 1960, this was the longest bridge that ______.
A．was ever built B．had ever built
C．has ever been built D．had ever been built
63．A new cinema________here. They hope to finish it next month.
A．will be building B．is built C．has been built D．is being built
64．It is __________ that the meeting will last four days.
A．estimated B．estimate C．estimating D．to estimate
65．Many of the churches and castles we see today________ the 19th and early 20th centuries.
A．are dated back to B．date back to
C．will be dated back to D．will date back to
66．It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A．should advance B．be advanced
C．has been advanced D．is advanced
67．Since May, more than one death from monkey pox (猴痘) infection________ in this area, causing great concern of the local government.
A．is reported B．are reported
C．has been reported D．have been reported
68．The first time I went to Zhangjiajie, I ________ its beautiful scenery.
A．impress with B．am deeply impressed with
C．was deeply impressed with D．impressed with
69．This kind of cloth was sold out in no time at the trade fair yesterday because it very easily.
A．is washed B．washes C．washed D．has been washed
70．This kind of cloth ________ well.
A．wash B．washes C．washed D．is washing














参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她说，我们每个人都有责任使地球成为一个更适合居住的地方。分析句子可知，“ in making the earth a better place to live in”作定语，修饰role，从句意看,整个动作发生在将来,to play作a role的定语,其间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系,又与句中each of us存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,故动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义，动词不定式to play意指将来的动作,to have played意指已经完成的动作,to be playing则强调动词不定式动作正在发生。故选B。
2．D
【详解】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：老师建议更多的关注应该被放在拼写错误上。pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“关注”，空格处和should一起在宾语从句中构成谓语，宾语从句的主语much attention和pay之间是动宾关系，结合空格前的should可知，应用情态动词的被动语态，应填be paid to。故选D项。
3．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：——你认为他的教学方法怎么样?——应该受欢迎；它被证明是可行的。此处的prove是系动词，没有被动语态，表示“证明是，结果是”，结合语境判断为一般现在时。故选A。
4．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在处理易爆物品时，严禁吸烟。prohibit为动词，意为“禁止”，forbid为动词，意为“禁止”；prevent为动词，意为“预防”，与句意不符。同时，句中smoking与“禁止”之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
5．B
【详解】考查倒装。句意：——为什么我不能抽烟？——会议室里什么时候都不允许吸烟。分析句子，句中at no time意为“从不，绝不”表示否定，当其置于句首时，后面使用倒装语序。同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，句中smoking与permit之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
6．C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：从去年年底到现在，当地一家电脑公司已经捐赠了将近100台电脑给我们。根据“since the end of last year.”可知，用现在完成时。主语computers与donate之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
7．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：现在，保护区里的鹿正由许多志愿者看管。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文Right now可知，为现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。
8．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个女孩很心烦，因为她的新自行车最近被偷了。强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时。 her new bicycle 与steal之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。
9．D
【详解】考查动词。句意：他们在电影中的爱情深深打动了我。句中affect为动词，意为“影响，深深打动”，此处与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态，意为“打动”。故选D。
10．B
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：现在我们经常听到一些女人抱怨男人不值得依赖。rely为不及物动词，后跟介词on，故排除C项和D项；complain后的宾语从句中rely on为谓语动词，与从句主语men之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，故排除A项。be to do表一般将来时，其被动结构为be to be done。故填to be relied on。故选B项。
11．C
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：别相信他。从来没人伤害过他。固定短语do harm to意为“伤害”；分析句子成分，主语为harm，与动词do为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态；空前有助动词has，故空处为现在完成时态；结合短语可知后文为现在完成时态的被动式。故选C项。
12．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和被动语态。句意：由于世贸组织的建立，一个新的时代出现了。A. come into being形成；B. bringing into being使形成；C. to come into being形成；D. brought into being 使形成。短语come into being为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，bring sth. into being使出现，产生，为及物动词短语，被动式为sth. be brought into being，根据句意可可知，“新的时代”与“形成”之间为被动关系，该句使用的是被动语态。故选D项。
13．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：听到这条消息，7双眼睛盯着他。短语fasten/focus/fix one’s eyes on“盯着……”，此处为被动语态，故选B。
14．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他的妹妹1998年离家，从此杳无音讯。根据句意和时间状语ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，且动词短语hear of和主语之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
15．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论。worth后应是及物动词的动名词形式，pay attention to“注意”，to为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为suggest，从句中应用虚拟语气(should) do结构，主语problem与discuss是被动关系，故用be discussed，故选A项。
16．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：第29届奥运会宣布开幕的那一刻，全世界都为之欢呼。分析句子可知，declare(宣布)是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语the 29th Olympic Games之间是被动关系，结合句意，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故选D项。
17．A
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我们四个月没有下雨，收成被毁了。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据and前的句子谓语had可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，句子主语与ruin之间为被动关系，且主语为单数。故选A项。
18．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：这些伤员被送到医院后，逐渐苏醒了过来。“the＋形容词”表示“一类具有某种形容词特性的人”，作主语时，后面的谓语动词用复数形式；且主语“伤员”与谓语动词rush“匆忙运送”为被动逻辑关系，come to life为固定搭配，意为：苏醒过来。故选B项。
19．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这些设备在使用前必须经过仔细的测试。分析句子可知，句子为“before”引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时表将来，“they”和“use”为被动关系，故从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，“they”和“are”连用，“use”的过去分词为“used”，故空格处应填“are used”。故选B项。
20．C
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：截至上周一，三次严重的洪水警报被发布到这个地区。A. had issued发布（过去完成时）；B. were issued被发布（一般过去时）；C. had been issued已经被发布（过去完成时的被动式）；D. have been issued已经被发布（现在完成时的被动式）。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语By last Monday可知，应用过去完成时，且主语warnings和issue是动宾关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
21．D
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：我想让妈妈给我一些钱，但我被狠狠地骂了一顿。“我”是被妈妈责骂，且被责骂的动作和wanted同时发生，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语I是第一人称单数，因此空格处是was given。故选D。
22．D
【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：彼得有一个小本子，上面写着他朋友的名字和地址。分析句子可知，介词短语置于句首，句子为完全倒装句。主语为the names and addresses of his friends，与谓语write为被动关系，且发生在过去，为一般过去时的被动语态。故选D项。
23．D
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：地震结束时有多少建筑物已被摧毁？根据选项可知填空处要选用destroy的正确结构，这个单词意思是“摧毁”，与主语“buildings”构成被动关系，其次条件句中动词“ended”表示地震结束，而房屋被摧毁“destroy”应该是发生在动词之前，说明destroy需要使用“过去的过去”即过去完成时态。故选D项。
24．C
【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，人们为了保护野生动物不被猎杀而做出了更多的努力。第一个空是谓语动词，“in the last few years.”是现在完成时提示词，努力和做出是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态have been done，第二个空介词from后用动名词，动物和捕杀是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式是being done，故选C。
25．A
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：楼上的那个年轻人正在接受警察的盘问。你知道他出什么事了吗？由“Do you know what happened to him”可知，句子表示“楼上的那个年轻人正在被警察盘问”，由by可知，空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，主语The young man是单数，因此空格处是is being questioned，故选A。
26．C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这座大楼太危险了，任何人都不许进入。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语permission单数名词和give为被动关系，结合句意可知，任何人都没有被允许进入这座大楼，这是已经完成的事，且对现在造成影响，就是没人进入，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
27．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：到2025年，我们将不再相互发送电子邮件，因为到那时更方便的电子通信工具将已经开发出来。分析句子结构可知，此句是for引导的原因状语从句，从句中缺少谓语，主语是tools和develop之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，根据句意描述的是将来的事，应该用将来时，又根据标志词by then可知，应该用将来完成时，所以应该用将来完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
28．A
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你的报告很吸引人，我确实认为你的想法很值得考虑。be worth后接动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，构成be worth doing“值得做某事”结构。be worthy of后接动名词的被动式或不定式的被动式，构成be worthy of being done或be worthy of to be done结构。be worthwhile of being done无此结构。故选A项。
29．B
【详解】考查谓语时态和语态。句意：他的妹妹在1998年离家，至今杳无音讯。 and前用过去式表示她1998年离家这一事实，结合状语since和语境可知，此处用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成影响或后果，而且his sister和hear of是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
30．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：人们越来越需要生产更多的有机食品来提高生活质量。There is an increased demand that 为同位语从句，从句用虚拟语气，应该用(should)+动词原形，主语more organic food与谓语produce为被动关系，用被动语态。故选B项。
31．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个为成人和孩子准备的娱乐公园，目前正在建设中，明年将会开放。A. intends for; will be built为……打算，将被修建；B. is intended for; will be built打算为……所用，将被修建；C. intends for; is being built为……打算，正在被修建；D. is intended for; is being built打算为……所用，正在被修建。由“which ________ adults and children alike”可知，定语从句缺少谓语动词，先行词是“The amusement park”，公园是被打算用于成人和孩子的，故用“is intended for”，由“at present ”可知，主句用现在进行时，主语“The amusement park”和build是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态is being built。故选D项。
32．A
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：玛丽这时意识到她正被人戏弄。根据主句谓语动词realized和从句的时间状语at that moment可知，宾语从句谓语动词应用过去进行时；动词短语play jokes on，意为“戏弄，跟……开玩笑”，与逻辑主语she之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。设空处应用过去进行时的被动语态。故选A项。
33．B
【详解】考查过去完成时被动语态。句意：一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。选项中trap意为“困住”，分析句子，设空处表示的是动作发生在过去之前，故使用过去完成时。同时who指代前文的two tourists其与trap之间是被动关系，故使用过去完成时被动语态。故选B。
34．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自出版以来，《习近平讲故事》一书已经售出超过150万本。根据时间状语从句“since it was published”可知，主句应用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在已经出售了超过150万本，且主语book和sell之间是被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
35．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在2021年的该项目实施之前，已有100多名学生被说服在7天内停止使用社交媒体。分析可知，设空处为谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语Before the project in 2021可知事情在过去已经完成，应用过去完成时，故选D。
36．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在英国，当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时，你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。分析句子可知，空格处缺少谓语动词，句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭，强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成，应用现在完成时，“everyone else”意为“所有人”，于“serve”为被动关系，故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，“everyone else”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。故选D项。
37．A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一座藏书五千册的图书馆被作为礼物赠送给国家。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，当主语有as well as，with ，but/beside/except， rather than连接时，谓语动词单复数取决于其前的词的单复数形式。所以本句的主语为A library，与谓语offer为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故选A项。
38．D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子成分可知，Food and medical supplies作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be动词要用were。故选D项。
39．D
【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。句意：霍金还因其对黑洞的成功研究而获得认可，他能够证明少量辐射可以逃脱黑洞的引力。分析句子，句中be recognised as为固定短语，意为“被视为”；be recognised for意为“因……而被认可”，第一空中表示“霍金还因其对黑洞的成功研究而获得认可”应该用be recognised for；同时，第二空引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中不做成分只起到引导作用且无意义，应该用that。故选D。
40．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：现在随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的机器人被用来做家务。根据时间状语now可知，动作作正在进行，主语与谓语构成被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B。
41．D
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动的语态。句意：据报道，截至4月24日，有超过58.9万韩国人在快速产生结果的设施中进行了大规模测试。分析句子可知，主语Koreans与动词test之间是被动关系，排除AC选项；根据时间标志词“By April 24”意为“到4月24号为止”，应用完成时，又根据it was reported可知，应采用过去完成时。故选D项。
42．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得这份工作很有趣，也很有意义。分析句子可知，此处为从句谓语动词的填入，因从句主语he和动词ask为被动关系，结合主句said为过去时可知，该空为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故选B项。
43．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：大量的钱被捐赠给需要帮助的孩子们。主语quantities是复数，谓语动词也用复数，且主语与谓语动词donate之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故选B项。
44．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从他们开始探险以来，就只在沉船中发现了一些古代的中国钱币。根据句子中的时间状语“since they began the exploration”可知，此处应使用现在完成时；由于本句中的主语为Nothing but...结构，故谓语动词与but之前的不定代词nothing之间是被动关系且保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式；主语nothing与find是被动关系。故选B项。
45．D
【详解】考查形式主语it和时态语态。句意：众所周知，在高科技的帮助下，越来越多的新物质在过去几年被发现。分析句子可知，空一是形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语，that从句中，根据时间状语in the past few years可知，使用现在完成时，根据句意新物质和发明之间用被动形式。故D正确。
46．A
【详解】考查时态和语态以及虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他身体很好，并且坚持被派去那里工作。第一空：insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时其后宾语从句用陈述语气，主句用的一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时；第二空：insist意为“坚持”时其后从句用虚拟语气，采用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可省略，主语he和sent之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应是be sent。故选A项。
47．D
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果被告知正在装修。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查that引导的宾语从句中谓语动词。这句话描述的是过去的事情，表示过去正在发生的动作，句子主语it和动词decorate是被动关系，用过去进行时的被动语态，be动词用was。故选D。
48．A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要被那些号称能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。A. taken in欺骗；B. taken down写下；C. taken up占据；D. taken on上映。根据句意，表示“欺骗”用take in，符合句意。故选A。
49．D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这两名护士被警方奖励了10万元，但她们将其捐给了爆炸受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion”可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏10万元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，故选D。
50．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，采取了一些措施来保护野生动物资源。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，先排除B项，B项是非谓语形式；根据句子的时间状语last year可知，句子应该用一般过去时，排除A项和C项；句子的主语some measures和谓语动词take之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选D项。
51．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个池塘大约有两米宽。measure作为动词，可表示“估量、测量”，此时有被动语态；也可表示“（尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为……”，后面可直接接数字，此时无被动语态；long作为形容词时，表示“长的”，作为动词则表示“渴望”；lengthen为动词，表示“使变长”。根据句意可知，此处表示池塘的宽度为两米，应用measure。故选D项。
52．D
【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：目前，一些人对冠状病毒轻描淡写的方式令人担忧，甚至有一些随意的评论似乎削弱了威胁的严重性。动词短语play down意为“轻描淡写”。根据“by some people”可知，此处应用被动语态，所以排除选项B和选项C。定语从句“coronavirus ______ down by some people”中缺少谓语或系动词，选项A为非谓语动词，所以排除选项A。此处用现在进行时表示现下正在进行的状态。故选D。
53．D
【详解】考查短语。句意：胡克在这种情况下所采取的策略在多大程度上应该受到责备，这要由历史学家来决定。表示“应该受到责备”用be to blame，空处为从句谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故选D。
54．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：截至上周二，该州230万居民已恢复供电，占受影响人口的40%。由“by last Tuesday”可知，句子时态用过去完成时，电力是被恢复，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态，即had been done，故选C。
55．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：当这位教授在克隆人类干细胞方面发表的大量突破性成果被发现是假的时，他就“出名了”。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，主语his well-published breakthroughs和discover之间是被动关系，结合语境和主句谓语动词became判断为一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
56．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：曼特卡博士明确表示，他的大部分藏品将留给国家美术馆。be+to do sth.表示按计划或安排要做的事。从句中主语 much of his collection与leave之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。
57．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：海伦建议把我送去接受进一步的教育。recommend意为“建议”，其后的that从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，“我”是被送去接受教育，因此空格处用should be done，其中should可省略，因此空格处是(should) be sent to，故选D。
58．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：吸烟被认为是导致肺癌的主要原因。A. applied 应用；B. packed将……打包；C. recognized认出，识别，承认；D. contracted签合同，订契约。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“认为”意思的动词的过去分词形式，作表语，和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态结构。故选C。
59．B
【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：所有能做的都做了。分析句子可知，all是句子的主语，后跟定语从句can be done；表示“所有能做的”，定语从句的先行词是all，定语从句只能用that引导；句子的主语是单数概念，助动词用has。故选B。
60．A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，到今年年底，大量的好土将因为森林砍伐而被冲走。泥土是被冲走，空格处用被动语态，排除D选项；由by the end of this year可知，句子时态用将来完成时，因此空格处是将来完成时的被动语态，即will have been done，故选A。
61．D
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：这是他第一次被邀请参加晚会。分析句子结构可知，句子是强调句，可去掉It was和that，句子成为“he ______ to the party for the first time”，句子描述过去的事情，且他是被邀请，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语he是第三人称单数，因此空格处是was invited。故选D。
62．D
【详解】考查定语从句，时态和语态。句意：在1960年，这是有史以来最长的桥。分析句子可知，此处为that引导的定语从句修饰bridge，先行词bridge在从句中作主语成分。bridge是从句谓语动词built的动作对象，故用被动语态，结合句意可知，该动作应为过去的过去，为过去完成时。故选D项。
63．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这里正在建造一座新的电影院。他们希望下个月完成。由“They hope to finish it next month”可知，新的电影院正在被修建，空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即be being done，主语cinema是单数，因此空格处是is being built。故选D。
64．A
【详解】考查语态。句意：据估计，这次会议将持续四天。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，与动词estimate之间是被动关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，故空处用过去分词，It is estimated that...据估计……，故选A。
65．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们今天看到的许多教堂和城堡都可以追溯到19世纪和20世纪初。date back to意为“追溯到”，不用被动语态，排除A和C；句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，故选B。
66．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议将日期提前两天。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，句中的recommend意为“建议”，所以后面that从句中的谓语动词应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且从句的主语the date和谓语动词advance之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选B项。
67．C
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：自5月以来，该地区报告了不止一例猴痘感染死亡病例，引起了当地政府的高度关注。根据句中的时间状语since May可知，该句子应该用现在完成时；因为句子主语more than one death和谓语动词report之间是被动关系，所以句子应该用被动语态；“more than one+单数名词”用作主语，其谓语通常用单数，所以助动词应该用has。故选C项。
68．C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我第一次去张家界，就对它美丽的风景印象深刻。be impressed with sth. 对……印象深刻，通常以人为主语，介词with后通常接物。根据时间状语The first time I went to Zhangjiajie可知，此处应用一般过去时态。故选C。
69．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这种布在昨天的展会上很快就卖光了，因为它很容易洗。设空处为从句谓语，一些不及物动词，像wash, sell, write, cut, read, tear, drive等，如果物作主语，常和相关的副词连用，主动形式表示被动关系，所以这里用主动语态，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语it，谓语用第三人称单数，故选B。
70．B
【详解】考查动词时态，句意：这种布好洗。根据语境，用一般现在时，This kind of cloth做主语，kind是单数形式，就决定了句子谓语应该用第三人称单数形式，根据题意可知：本题应该用主动语态，不能用被动语态，即主动形式表示“被动”的含义，表示主语的性质，故选B。