高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点16--词义猜测之猜测短语的意思（技巧梳理）

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一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。 2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。
考点16--词义猜测之猜测短语的意思--讲考点--胸有成竹
【2022年词义猜测之猜测短语的意思考点归纳】
【2023年高考命题预测】
词义猜测之猜测短语的意思考点是高考中的必考点。每年的高考阅读理解中都会有猜测短语的意思题以考查学生的猜测词义能力。预测在2023高考中，猜测短语会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。
【词义猜测之猜测短语的意思考点指南】
规律方法：
常见的设问方式：
1.What d the underlined wrds “” mean in paragraph 2?
2．Which f the fllwing best explains “” underlined in paragraph 2?
3．What d the underlined wrds “” mean in paragraph 3?
4．What d the underlined wrds "" refer t in the last paragraph?
规律方法2：如何解决猜测短语题?
猜测短语题要利用出现短语的上文与其意义上的联系或下文进一步的叙述来猜测它的意思或利用文章中所出现的与短语意思相反的内容来猜测其语意。
考例分析：考点
题型
词义猜测之猜测短语的意思
阅读理解
2022
试卷类型
设问
考点
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
24．What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
猜测短语的意思
2022·全国甲卷
28. Which f the fllwing best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
猜测短语的意思
2021
2021年新高考II卷之B篇
25. What d the underlined wrds “get up t mischief” mean in paragraph 3?
猜测短语的意思
2020
2020年新课标ⅠI卷之D篇
33. What des the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer t?
猜测短语的意思
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】B
We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children’s bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures — a perfect match fr his age.
Picture this: my grandsn sitting n my lap as I hld the bk in frnt s he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches ut and pkes (戳) the page with his finger.
What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thught. Then I turned the page and cntinued. He pked the page even harder. I nearly drpped the bk. I was cnfused: Is there smething wrng with this kid?
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger t bks. His father frequently amused the by with a tablet cmputer which was laded with clrful pictures that cme alive when yu pke them. He thught my strybk was like that.
Srry, kid. This bk is nt part f yur high-tech wrld. It’s an utdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like yur grandfather. Well, I may be ld, but I’m nt hpelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit vide and prduce audi. I use mbile payment. I’ve even built websites.
There’s ne ntable gap in my new-media experience, hwever: I’ve spent little time in frnt f a camera, since I have a face made fr radi. But that didn’t stp China Daily frm asking me last week t share a persnal stry fr a vide prject abut the integratin f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei prvince.
Anyway, grandpa is nw an internet star — tw minutes f fame! I prmise nt t let it g t my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-ld grandsn sees it n his tablet.
4．What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Prvided shelter fr me.B．Became very clear t me.
C．Tk the pressure ff me.D．Wrked quite well n me.
【答案】4．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。
4．词句猜测题。根据第一段“We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn’t even realize it’s new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
【试题精练】
1.【2022届湖南省高三普通高中名校联考信息卷（模拟一）】
A few years ag, my husband Charlie and I had marital prblems. Grwing family respnsibilities and financial wrries tk a tll n us and we began arguing frequently, ften late int the night.
Hwever, neither f us culd take the step that wuld end ur eleven-year marriage and bring heartbreak t ur three yung children. Deep dwn we knew we still lved each ther, s we determined t wrk it ut. Thrugh cuntless discussins, we began t clse the gulf. The mre hnest we were, the clser we became.
When I felt we were reaching slid grund, I asked my husband t give me an “eternity (永恒) ring”. It was nt s much the ring I wanted; it was the reassurance (保证) I thught it wuld bring.
We went shpping n a beautiful summer day. We walked hand in hand alng a rw f jeweler’s shps. Finally I fund a ring I liked. While waiting fr it t be adjusted, the jeweler tk my left hand and glanced at my engagement ring. “May I clean it fr yu?” he asked. “It really desn’t sparkle like it used t.” Charlie said as I slipped the ring ff my finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back. The ring shne like new!
On the drive hme, I didn’t take my eyes ff it. I frgt all abut the eternity ring. I just culdn’t believe hw this ld ring suddenly sparkled the way it had the day Charlie gave it t me. I had taken it fr granted these past years, but with a little plish it culd still make my heart beat fast.
And that’s the way it is with a marriage. Yu have t wrk at keeping it plished and new, r else the grime (污垢) f the passing years will hide the jy. I put my hand n the seat between us and spread my fingers. Charlie cvered my hand with his. I felt I was lucky t be able t see the sparkle in smething gld when I thught I needed smething new.
5．What des the underlined part in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．free f trubleB．arriving at a square
C．wealthy and generusD．in gd relatinship
【答案】5．D
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者和丈夫曾经有过婚烟问题，但双方均未想要离婚，而是努力解决双方之间的问题。当作者提出和丈夫一起去买永恒戒指的时候，由戒指除垢感悟到平凡的婚烟也应该像戒指一样经常除垢，让它重新生机勃勃。5．词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“Thrugh cuntless discussins, we began t clse the gulf. The mre hnest we were, the clser we became.”可知，作者和丈夫解决了他们之间的问题，关系越来越融治。再根据画线部分所在句子中的“I asked my husband t give me an “eternity (永恒) ring””可推知，作者感觉她和丈夫的关系已经很好了，他们已经和好如初了。故D项正确。
2.【2022届辽宁省县级重点高中协作体高三下学期一模】
Take the wheel f an electric vehicle and prepare t be amazed. The latest technlgy is there, with tablet-like screens instead f ld-fashined switches. Add falling price which makes wning and running many electric vehicles (shrt fr EV)as cheap as fssil-fuel alternatives, and the pen rad signals. Abve all, the instant acceleratin f battery pwer makes driving easy and exciting.
EV shuld be recharged rughly every 250 miles. When yu d find a public charging pint, it is smetimes inaccessible, which causes “range anxiety”. It is ne f the main reasns drivers give fr nt buying an EV. Wh might install them? Drivers will need a mix f fast "lng distance" chargers installed near mtrways and slwer “tp-up” chargers available in the car parks f shpping centers, restaurants and s n. Dedicated charging firms and carmakers are investing in infrastructure. Oil cmpanies are putting chargers in petrl statins and buying charging cmpanies.
Yet the charging business suffers frm big prblems. One is hw t adjust between the planning authrities and grid firms. Anther is the cst. T start with, prfits may be difficult t attain because the netwrks will nt at first be heavily used. A related risk is that the cverage will have gaps. And then there is the questin f cmpeting netwrks. Drivers shuld be able t switch frm ne t the ther withut having t sign up t them all.
What t d? Gvernment is experimenting. As well as funding EV sales, many are thrwing cash at public chargers. America's law sets aside $7.5 billin t create 500,000 public statins by 2030. Britain plans t require new building t install chargers. Yet the prblem f cverage and cnvenience will remain.
9．What des the underlined wrds "range anxiety" in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．The reasn fr drivers' nt buying an EV.
B．The issue f wh might install charging pints.
C．The dubt f whether drivers can charge free in petrl statins.
D．The wrry f drivers' nt finding accessible public charging pints.
【答案】9．D
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述电动汽车平稳的加速让行使更加有趣，但是电动车充电桩的问题引起了各方面的不同态度。
9．词句猜测题。根据第二段“When yu d find a public charging pint, it is smetimes inaccessible, which cause “range anxiety”.(当你确实找到了一个公共充电点时，有时候却不能用，这将会导致range anxiety)”可知，当寻找公共充电点时，有时候找到的充电点却不能用，所以会导致司机们的担心，所以range anxiety的意思应该是“司机们担心找到不适合的充电点”。故选D。
3.【重庆市礼嘉中学校2022届高三一模检测（B）】
Mre than a third f small twns in Gergia lst ppulatin in the last year alne, highlighting the challenges f reviving rural areas. New census (人口普查) estimates shw that Camilla fell belw 5,000 residents. Sparks fell belw 2,000, and Milan fell t 661 residents fr a lss f 7% f its ppulatin. All three twns are in Suth Gergia.
Many f the yung peple in these cmmunities graduate frm high schl and dn’t cme back. “They g t cllege, whatever, they dn’t cme back,” said David Bridges, head f its Center fr Rural Prsperity and Innvatin in Tiftn.
Meanwhile, Gergia’s cities are grwing, having n prblem drawing peple frm small twns and ther cities. Atlanta grew mre than 1% in the past year and is nw nearing the half-millin-resident mark.
The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.
Rural residents can face a number f challenges including access t gd jbs, transprtatin and health care. Manufacturing jbs have dried up in many places, while mdernizatin and new technlgy means fewer peple are needed fr farming. And many peple are deciding t have smaller families than was typical a century ag.
“The lder generatin is dying, the yunger generatin is mving away, and because there are perceived t be fewer business pprtunities, financial pprtunities, etc. It’s very challenging t get inbund ppulatin.” Bridges said.
Demgraphers (人口学家) expect the shift frm rural t urban t cntinue. But there are sme bright spts in rural America still. Jacksn Cunty near Athens was recently named ne f the fastest-grwing cunties in the natin by the Census Bureau. Amazn pened a large fulfillment center there a cuple f years ag. And Yung Harris, near the Gergia-Nrth Carlina brder, has grwn by mre than 80% since 2010.
5．Which f the fllwing best explains “reverse the tide” underlined in Paragraph 4?A．Peple mve frm rural t urban areas.
B．Small twns draw peple frm cities.
C．Rural areas develp their ecnmy quickly.
D．Ppulatin cntinue t grw in urban areas.
【答案】5．B
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了美国小城镇/农村地区人口流失现象。
5．短语猜测题。根据第四段“The trend f peple mving frm rural t urban areas is hardly a new ne — it’s been ging n wrldwide fr mre than a century. But cntinued ppulatin lsses have raised questins abut whether rural areas can d anything t reverse the tide.”可知，人口从农村转移到城市地区的趋势在世界范围内已经持续了一个多世纪，这并不是一个新的趋势。但持续的人口流失引发了人们的疑问：农村地区能否采取任何措施扭转这一趋势。由此可知，这一趋势指的是“农村人口转移到城市”这一现象，reverse the tide(扭转这一趋势)意味着在农村人口流失现象的前提下，人们采取措施阻止农村人口流失，去吸引在大城市的人回到农村/小城镇，即人口从城市转移到农村，B项“Small twns draw peple frm cities(小城镇吸引城市的人)”正确。故选B项。
4.【山东省烟台市、德州市2022届高三一模】
As the new year appraches, crwds arund the wrld may be expecting whizzes and bangs t light up the sky. The appeal f firewrks culd fizzle ut with the grwing use f drnes (无人机) fr light shws, thugh.
Ollie Hwitt, a leader f SkyMagic, which used a team f 300 drnes t create a display fr Lndn’s new year celebratin last year, said demand had increased substantially. “We d think it’s ging t be smething that’s ever catching n, as ppsed t it being a shrt-lived srt f fashin peple have suddenly gt interested in. Drnes are reusable and there’s n fallut. In that sense they’re a very gd, sustainable ptin,” she said.
But nt everyne agrees. A spkespersn frm the British Firewrks Assciatin said drnes culd als pse envirnmental prblems. “Suggestins are that drnes have less f an impact n the envirnment, but we have serius cncerns abut electrical demand and use f lithium batteries which are knwn nt t be all that ‘green’,” they said.
An RSPCA spkespersn said that while drnes were a pssible idea t try t reduce the impact f displays n animals, there were dwnsides. “Drnes are nt withut their wn negative issues such as scaring hrses r crashing int birds, and can cause disturbance t animals and members f the public. It’s therefre imprtant fr their effects t be fully cnsidered and measures taken t minimize the chance f accidents,” they said.Sme express the pinin that the use f firewrks and drnes dn’t exclude each ther. The sight, sund and gunpwder smell f firewrks will always prvide its wn unique thrill.
“We find firewrks wrk really well when teamed up with drnes. But we dn’t really see it as a ne-replacing-the-ther at all. We feel as if it’s just anther tl in the chest fr hw yu enliven the sky and what yu want t d with the shw yu’re putting n,” said Hwitt, nting that while firewrks give a lud, emtive, big perfrmance, drnes ffer the chance t tell stries in the sky by using a series f images.
8．What des the underlined phrase “fizzle ut” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Catch n.B．Wind up.
C．Create an impact.D．Make a cmeback.
【答案】8．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将无人机用于灯光表演的优点与它可能给环境带来的影响，以及人们对无人机灯光表演的态度。
8．词句猜测题。结合常识和第一段“The appeal f firewrks culd fizzle ut with the grwing use f drnes (无人机) fr light shws, thugh.(不过，随着无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花的吸引力可能会fizzle ut)”中“firewrks”和“the grwing use f drnes”可知，烟花表演与无人机的表演是有共性的，都属于夜空中的灯光秀，因此，当无人机越来越多地用于灯光表演，烟花表演就减少或被替代，由此推知，划线短语与Wind up意思相近，意为“结束”。故选B项。
5.【湖南省长沙县、望城区、浏阳市、宁乡2021-2022学年高三下学期3月调研】
When I was yunger, I always knew my parents had truble with mney. We wuld g t yard sales all the time, buy everyday supplies and wrk at and eat at a sup kitchen 4 nights a week.
One day, a new man walked int the sup kitchen and asked me what my name was. As I tld him my name was Angela, my mm handed me the sup ladle and hair net t start wrk. After that, I culdn’t find the strange man again. I searched everywhere and even asked thers in the kitchen if they had seen him. My mm thught I was ging crazy, saying there was n ne with me when she came t me. She said I had been sitting alne and that it seemed I was talking t myself. Later that night, my mm was crying. I asked her why and she tld me the rent n ur apartment had gne up and that my grandma had died. She didn’t knw hw she was ging t pay fr the funeral and the rent. I prmised her I wuld help pick up small items after she made as much mney as pssible.
Once we gt int the apartment building, she asked me t grab the mail in the mail rm. I went and nly fund ne single envelpe. A familiar man called me back saying I prbably left smething in ur mailbx. I reached in and pulled ut a huge manila envelpe that lked bulky, but I culdn’t tell what was in it. I brught the envelpes up t my mm. She pened the first ne and fund ur first super expensive rent bill. She then walked int her rm, saying she culdn’t handle t pen the ther ne. I lked at the secnd envelpe and saw this:
“Dear Angela and Family. Lve, Yur Friend.” My mm ripped the envelpe pen, tears streaming dwn her face. She emptied the cntents nt the bed. I brught a hand t my face, wiping away multiple tears. There n the bed were cuntless checks, all addressed t my mm.
I had a feeling that I knew wh had sent it, but didn’t want t tell my mm—my friend frm the sup kitchen.
5．What des the underlined expressin “pick up” in the secnd paragraph mean?
A．Increase.B．Clean up.
C．Acquire.D．Lift up.
【答案】5．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，描述了作者小时候家境贫穷，经常在施舍处解决吃饭问题。一天，母亲付不起房租，祖母去世，却遇到了陌生的好心人帮助的故事。
5．词句猜测题。根据前文“ I asked her why and she tld me the rent n ur apartment had gne up and that my grandma had died. She didn’t knw hw she was ging t pay fr the funeral and the rent. ”（我问她为什么，她告诉我，我们公寓的租金涨了，奶奶也去世了。她不知道该如何支付葬礼和房租。），作者看到母亲在哭泣，询问原因，结果是因为交不起房租和祖母的葬礼费用。A. Increase增加；增添; B. Clean up 清扫；打扫; C. Acquire 获取；得到 D. Lift up提升；升起；抬起。由此推测可知，C选项符合题意，因为母亲已经尽可能地挣钱了，于是作者便承诺要帮助母亲获得一些小东西，故选C项。