高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点7--推理判断之写作目的（练模拟）

这是一份高考英语阅读精品套装（一讲双练） 考点7--推理判断之写作目的（练模拟），文件包含考点7--推理判断之写作目的教师版docx、考点7--推理判断之写作目的学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共149页， 欢迎下载使用。
高考英语二轮复习策略建议
一轮复习在紧张的学习与考试中度过，如何有效地进二轮复习，如何在高考最关键时刻，梳理重点知识，如何回归课本、回归基础，是摆在我们面前很值得深思与探讨的问题给大家整理了高考英语二轮复习方法，供大家参阅!
一、在复习语言点的时候，要依据语言的横向组合和纵向聚合，按照“点—线—面”顺序，构建知识网络环境。
二、多做高考题，少扣模拟题
1、时间的把控。
2、总结一下各部分的得分情况，了解自己的强弱项。
3、留意出题点，揣摩不同内容出题人的着眼点在哪里，做到知己知彼。
三、多攻词汇表，少记课外词
词汇背诵是高考备考非常重要的一环，同学们要及早动手。在第一轮复习的时候，至少要过词意关。
四、写作。研究高考写作命题话题范围，根据测试的频度和交际场景的生活化程度进行分类。

考点7--推理判断之写作目的--练模拟考--熟能生巧
1.【海南省琼海市嘉积中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第四次模拟】
Four things that you can’t miss in Macao
Go Bungee Jumping at the Macao Tower
The Macao Tower, 338 meters tall, is the world’s 10th highest tower, with kinds of activities, such as eating and entertainment. One of the activities is the bungee jump. The Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it a Guinness World Record as the highest commercial bungee jump in the world. Raise your arms and off you go! If you are not daring enough to jump that height, you can try the sky walk on the 57th floor—it’s still amazing. Take this chance and tick off this item on your list.
Enjoy a traditional Portuguese dinner
Macao was once colonized (殖民) by Portugal before 1999. As a result, Portuguese culture has deeply affected Macao.
Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants here, but it is more adaptable to Chinese people.
Visit a museum
Macao, as a little city with only an area of 30.5 square kilometers, has 23 eye-catching museums. Due to its special history, both eastern and western historical relics can be found. Many of them are preserved for cultural relics, tourist spots or museums, such as the Grand Prix Museum, Maritime Museum and Wine Museum.
Go into an entertainment place
Well known as the “Las Vegas of the Orient”, Macao has 33 entertainment places. You can find different themed entertainment places with their hotels and attractions around every corner of Macao, especially on Taipa Island. Among all, The Venetian is the most popular. With a huge shopping mall and Vegas-style design, it is a must-go place for both tourists and locals to shop and enjoy free time. So when you come to Macao, just walk around and you will still be amazed.
1．What can visitors do at the Macao Tower?
A．Visit a museum.
B．Try an extreme sport.
C．Enjoy a traditional Japanese dinner.
D．Challenge the Guinness World Record for jumping.
2．What can we learn from the text?
A．Visitors can do nothing but shopping.
B．Portuguese culture has no longer existed in Macao.
C．The Macao Tower is the highest tower in the world.
D．Visitors can enjoy both eastern and western historical cultures in Macao.
3．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce something attractive in Macao to visitors.
B．To encourage people to do sports.
C．To advertise coming events.
D．To tell about the history of Macao.
2.【江苏省泰州市2022届高三第四次调研】
Climate change is an ongoing and ever-present threat to the Earth and all living things upon it. Unchecked industrialism and the burning of fossil fuels have resulted in the creation of harmful greenhouse gases. Human greed has led to massive deforestation and clearcutting of forests to make way for farmland. Pollution blocks our rivers, lakes, and oceans. The point of no return may be fast approaching.
After decades of harmful actions, many governments and businesses are now struggling to find ways to lessen some of their destructive effects and reach net-zero, which means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. One of the ways they proposed was the extensive tree-planting. The UK government, for example, has set out its plan to plant 30,000 hectares of trees annually so as to absorb carbon dioxide.
However, according to Oxfam, a British charity devoted to helping people in poor countries, those plans never bore fruit. It issued clear and strong warnings against them—the area needed for a tree-planting project of this scale to successfully lower carbon emissions to net-zero is estimated at 1.6 billion hectares, which is an area five times the size of India. That means the project would intrude（侵占）on the land presently needed to grow enough crops to feed the world’s expanding population.
Such a massive campaign of turning farmland into forest could give rise to a global interruption to agriculture, and cause food prices to rise by as much as 80% by 2050. In a world where millions of people are already going hungry, this could have disastrous results. By trying to save the planet, governments and businesses may cause many millions of people to die of starvation. This paradox （悖论）perfectly illustrates the phrase “damned if you do, and damned if you don’t.”
8．The author mentions the UK government to show _________.
A．the outbreak of climate disasters has its economic reasons
B．there is still some doubt whether the UK can reach net-zero
C．countries and companies are trying to deal with climate change
D．net-zero makes sense only when all countries make joint efforts
9．What is Oxfam’s attitude towards the extensive tree-planting?
A．Confident. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Unclear.
10．What is the paradox associated with the plans for tree-planting?
A．A vast area of the forest would burn down instead.
B．Bigger forests could result in a population explosion.
C．India would lose 1.6 billion hectares of agricultural land.
D．Planting trees could lead to the starvation of millions of people.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．The Catch-22 of Net-zero
B．New Responses to Climate Change
C．Planting Trees for a Better-fed World
D．The Control of Greenhouse Gas Emission
3.【2022届陕西省宝鸡中学高三高考关门测试】
Parkside
Pick Your Own
Fancy some fresh fruit and vegetables? At Parkside Farm we grow a wide variety of delicious summer fruits and high-quality vegetables for you to come and pick your own. Why not pay us a visit?
About us
Our family has been farming at Parkside Farm since 1938. Although we no longer keep cows, we still have some grassland and some fields of wheat and other crops. We started growing strawberries for Pick Your Own back in 1979. Since then, we have made the Pick Your Own area larger and we now grow about 20 different crops.
Opening times
The season starts in late June, but opening hours are variable the first week. Please ring our message line to check. From July onwards, we are open Tuesdays to Saturdays from 9 am to 5:30 pm ( last entry 5 pm). Opening hours are variable on Sundays. Mondays CLOSED．
Crop calendar
Some crops may be in limited supply at certain times, so always ring the message line for daily updates before setting out.
Strawberries: early June to mid-October Blackcurrants: early July to mid-August
Raspberries: mid-June to mid-August   Redcurrants: mid-July to mid-August
Blackberries: mid-July to mid-October   Plums: mid-July to early September
Prices
There is a minimum charge of £3 for each adult or child who enters the Pick Your Own area. This means that every person has to spend at least £3 on Pick-Your-Own fruits or they will be charged this amount when they leave.
Strawberries: £4.49kg   Blackcurrants: £4.79/kg   Raspberries: £6.39/kg
Redcurrants: £4.79/kg   Blackberries: £5.39/kg   Plums: £2.99/kg
Find us
Parkside Farm is in the Enfield of London, north of the city centre.
For more information, please call our message line on 020 8367 2035 or cheek our website: www.Parksidefarmpyo.co.uk.
1．What do we learn about Parkside Farm from the text?
A．It sells fruit and vegetables online. B．It doesn’t open on Mondays.
C．It’s situated in the south of London. D．It has a small Pick Your Own area.
2．If a family of three buy 1kg of strawberries and 1kg of plums on the farm, they should pay ______ .
A．£6 B．£7.48 C．£9 D．£16.48
3．What is the main purpose of the text?
A．To recommend a place for holiday. B．To tell readers how to pick fruits.
C．To advise people to grow crops. D．To attract visitors to pick fruits.
4.【2022届山西省山西大学附属中学校高三5月三模】
I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.
Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao (the
Southern Silk Road), the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.
I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.
We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us; some gave us directions; some invited us into their home to take a rest; some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.
Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.
Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other's cultures.
4．How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan?
A．Scared. B．Puzzled. C．Disappointed. D．Surprised.
5．What can we learn about Paul Salopek from paragraph 2?
A．He was a western journalist. B．He had a knowledge of China.
C．He came to China several times. D．He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance.
6．What does paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul?
A．They honored the ancestors. B．They set off in high spirits.
C．They satisfied the locals' curiosity. D．They built bonds with people.
7．What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text?
A．To share and reflect on a journey. B．To suggest a new way of travel.
C．To advocate protection of biodiversity. D．To introduce and promote Chinese culture.
5.【2022届山东省青州市5月高考打靶题】
In the depths of space orbits is an intergalactic space station. Living here are some of the smartest scientists and their families. After traveling billions of miles, two scientists, Clyde and Klara Klosno, and their kids Kelvin and Bula, are the newest members of the space station. This is a story told in the new book, ScrFi Junior High,
written by Scott Seegert and illustrated by John Martin.
Seegert, a former engineer, was inspired to give writing a try at age 45 after reading a book written by a famous writer. After working on that book for three years, Seegert's hard work paid off when it was published in 2007. After that success, he decided to focus on writing books for kids.
Martin always loved to write and draw. As a kid, he spent evenings and weekends watching cartoons and drawing superheroes, Martin says he was “avoiding homework”, without realizing that he was really working towards his future career. Martin went on to study art at a college and became a successful illustrator.
Seegert and Martin grew up during the same time and had similar interests. As kids, both read comic books, watched superhero shows and enjoyed alien movies.
Their first cooperative work was the book Vordak the Incomprehensible. The two went on to write more books together and have received many awards for their work. For Sci-Fi Junior High, they started with a very general idea, and then focused on the characters to tell the story.
Seegert and Martin work really well together. They even work in the same art studio in Farmington, Michigan. They work in separate rooms but have an in-between door so they can consult each other in person. “Many times nowadays, you might see an author and . illustrator working together, but they have never even met,” Seegert said. “We work diffeently from most children's book authors and illustrators.”
4．Why does the author mention Sci-Fi Junior High in paragraph 1?
A．To attract readers to read the book. B．To honor Clyde and Klara Klosmo.
C．To lead in the major characters of the text. D．To show the achievement of researching space.
5．How did Martin make use of his spare time as a kid?
A．He developed his interest. B．He planned for his future work.
C．He wrote books and drew pictures. D．He studied art to be an outstanding illustrator.
6．What can we know about Seegert and Martin?
A．They had some similarities. B．They grew up in the same area.
C．They were honored for the space station. D．They have worked together for 30 years.
7．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Two Writers Working Differently B．Two Partners Marching Together
C．John Martin,a Famous illustrato D．Sci-Fi Junior High,a Wonderful Book
6.【2022届湖北省荆州中学等四校高三模拟联考（三）】
A Spanish rice dish; secreto de cerdo with pisto—Ibérico Pork with tomatoes, onions, eggplant, and peppers; and chicken and mushroom paella, will be served aboard the International Space Station (ISS) throughout the next week.
That, at least, is what four of the eleven crew members aboard the ISS will be eating, after a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket lifts off on April 8,2022 from Cape Canaveral, Florida, carrying the Crew Dragon spacecraft. The flight, sponsored by the Houston-based company Axiom Space and known as Ax-1, is commanded by Axiom vice president and former astronaut Michael López-Alegría. Also on board are three business owners and charitarians: American Larry Connor, Canadian Mark Pathy, and Israeli Eytan Stibbe—each of whom who paid an estimated $55 million per seat for their 20-hour journey to the station and the eight days they will spend aboard.
Actually, they are not the first space tourists to the ISS—eleven in total over the past two decades; and all of them were adventurers who paid to fly aboard crewed by professional astronauts. AX-1 is the first fully private mission to the station—but not the last.
In a pre-launch press conference, Connor said, “We’ve spent anywhere from 750 to over 1,000 hours training. We’re going to do some 25 different experiments covering over 100 hours of research.” One such experiment will involve a brain headset that will conduct real-time electroencephalograms (EEGs) of the crew as they fly and experiments on in vitro stem cells.
There will also be time for a moving remembrance. Stibbe, the second Israeli to fly in space, once piloted military jets under the command of Ilan Ramon, the first Israeli astronaut, who died in the 2003 disintegration of the space shuttle Columbia. Several pages from Ramon’s diary survived the crash and Stibbe will carry them into the space.
Space is a hard business, a dangerous business, and an expensive business. But it’s also an emotional one. “Ramon was a good friend,” Stibbe added respectfully, “He was my commander.”
12．Why does the author show the dishes at the beginning?
A．To present the whole menu in the space mission.
B．To attract readers’ interest and introduce the topic.
C．To show the enjoyment of the crew members during the flight.
D．To highlight the wealth and social status of the crew members.
13．What’s the main purpose of the mission?
A．To maintain the ISS. B．To provide space travel.
C．To help people settle in space. D．To send Spanish food to space.
14．How does Connor think about the mission before he flies?
A．Fully-prepared and significant. B．Expensive but worthwhile.
C．Difficult and dangerous. D．Adventurous and challenging
15．Why does Stibbe want to bring Ramon’s diary into the space?
A．Because he wants to continue writing the diary.
B．Because he can use Ramon’s diary as instructions.
C．Because he once piloted military jets under Ramon’s command.
D．Because he wants to show respect for Ramon in this way.
7.【2022届河南省大联考高三考前最后一卷】
Trees in the Amazon rainforest may soon die off, researchers warn. According to a new study, the famous forest is exhibiting signs of poor health that could mean large portions of it will become savannah in the near future.
“The Amazon is a custodian (监护人) of biodiversity and possesses a vital ability to pull in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so it is clearly worrying that its health is deteriorating, Richard Allan, a climate scientist, says in a statement to the Science Media Centre (SMC).
To measure the massive forest’s resilience (复原力), researchers analyzed satellite data to determine the biomass and greenness of the forest from 1991-2006, looking for month-to-month changes in response to weather conditions. More than three quarters of the forest exhibited has reduced resilience since 2000, with trees taking longer to recover from stresses like droughts and fires. The most obvious resilience loss occurred in areas with less rainfall and those geographically nearer to human activity, the researchers report.
The paper’s conclusion is similar to that of previous modeling studies, but experts say the new study is stronger because it’s based on real-world data. Chantelle Burton, a climate scientist, tells the SMC．“What this study does is offer some observational-based evidence for what is already happening to this significant carbon sink, and shows that human land use and changes to weather and climate patterns are already driving an important change in the system.”
“Passing a tipping point of this kind would make it even more difficult to achieve our goal of zero emissions globally because of the loss of the ‘free service’ provided by the Amazon carbon sink which currently removes some of our emissions,” Chantelle Burton adds.
8．What does the new study reveal about the Amazon rainforest?
A．Its trees have almost disappeared.
B．Its resilience is becoming weaker.
C．Its biodiversity keeps increasing.
D．Its ability to store CO2 is lost.
9．What does the underlined word “deteriorating” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Recovering. B．Resisting. C．Declining. D．Maintaining.
10．How was the new study carried out?
A．By using existing data from satellites. B．By basing prediction on models.
C．By monitoring weather conditions. D．By reviewing previous studies.
11．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To explain a phenomenon. B．To report the climate change.
C．To introduce the Amazon rainforest. D．To attract people’s attention to protecting forests.
8.【2022届广东省广州市高考考前综合训练（三模）】
Last Saturday, when my grandfather got frustrated at the name of the singer of a song, I grabbed my smartphone and found it in seconds. This astonished my grandfather, who didn’t understand how I’d checked the information so quickly. I laughed and explained, but afterwards, it made me think about how much I depend on technology.
When I reflected on its impact on my education, I saw that technology has been significant in many ways. Returning to the story of my grandfather, he had asked me more about how I used it and about university life. He said he thought we had an easy life compared to previous generations. I could see his point.
Not only are we lucky enough to have the same educational benefits as those of previous generations, but we have so many more. We still have walk-in libraries; however, the only option for studying used to be sitting in these libraries with as many books from your reading list as you could find, yet now a single search online can immediately provide access to a huge range of resources. Interaction between students and university staff is another area that has changed considerably. We can have face-to-face time with our tutors, and also communicate using our electronic devices. The most popular means is via social media, and it has become unacceptable for messages to be unanswered for any length of time. While this puts an extra stress on the university’s academic support team, we students are greatly benefited.
When we compare the student life of the past and the present, it is tempting to focus on the obvious differences in technology. In fact, students are doing what they’ve always done: embracing the resources available and adapting them to work more efficiently and to live more enjoyably. The pace of change in technology continuously gathers speed, so we have to value each innovation as it happens.
8．Why does the author mention the story of his grandfather?
A．To share an interesting experience. B．To draw readers’ attention to the topic.
C．To provide an example for his opinion. D．To arouse readers’ concern about a problem.
9．What is the grandfather’s attitude towards the role of technology?
A．Favourable. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
10．What is a new challenge technology brings to the academic support team?
A．Using various electronic devices. B．Scheduling online communication.
C．Providing more flexible reading lists. D．Responding to all inquiries from students.
11．What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．Students should make full use of technology.
B．Students should value the time and enjoy their life.
C．We should take technological differences seriously.
D．We should resist the temptation of up-coming innovation.
9.【2022届福建师范大学附属中学高三5月校质量检测】
On January 22, 2022, the British-Belgian 19-year-old, Rutherford, successfully landed her microlight aircraft back at the Airport, from where she had departed 155 days ago, fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
“I feel excited not only to break the Guinness World Record, but also to diminish the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest man record holder, 18 at the time of his record, and the previous woman record holder, who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams Soar’ around- the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her blog. Rutherford’s journey crossing five continents and 52 countries began on August 18, 2021. She met many unexpected delays along the way. They included an unscheduled stop in California, due to the fierce wildfires and a stop in Alaska, to renew her visa. She also faced several challenges in the air. Despite the severe difficulties, the determined young pilot never gave up on her dream.
Rutherford grew up around airplanes. Her British father flies commercially, while her Belgian mother is also a
pilot. The young girl began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her fight license in 2020. With her goal of flying around the world completed, Rutherford now has her sights set even higher. She wants to become an astronaut and explore space.
She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to pursue careers in flight. Currently the number of women pilots is just 5 percent. Rutherford says, “It’s an easy thing to say, but just go for it. If you don’t try and see how high you can fly, then you’ll never know.”
4．What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Narrow. B．Divide. C．Fill. D．Cause.
5．Why did Rutherford have to stop in California?
A．The wildfires were too fierce. B．Her visa was due.
C．The weather was too severe. D．Her engine broke down.
6．What’s the purpose of paragraph 3?
A．To tum to a new topic. B．To state her admirable talents.
C．To summarize her achievements. D．To add some background information.
7．What does the passage try to convey?
A．Dream big, aim high. B．Life is not all roses.
C．Not to advance is to go back. D．The greatest talkers, the least doers.
10.【2022届福建省福州第一中学高三5月校模拟】
It was a cold Saturday night in February. Some 200 New Yorkers carefully made their way to the reservoir (水库) in the hopes of catching a glimpse of the magical snowy owl, who had touched down in the park the week before in what was reported as the first visit there by the species in more than 130 years.
Except for a few excited screams from children, people were quiet—patiently awaiting the owl’s arrival at the reservoir’s north gatehouse. The snowy owl did not disappoint. She flew down from the darkness and surveyed the water and the people holding phones and cameras before taking off into the night to the applause of her many fans. They simply wanted to see this lovely creature whose improbable appearance seemed to signify hope after the lockdown
New Yorkers who had long taken Central Park for granted felt a renewed love for this rectangle of green in the heart of the big city and, of course, its amazing wildlife. That the park is a beautiful and essential refuge is something that humans have only come to fully appreciate during these recent times of uncertainty.
Central Park was originally planned and constructed during another difficult time in the nation’s history—in the years before and during the American Civil War. Unlike many European parks that had originally been built for the aristocracy (贵族), Central Park was designed as a public space. In its chief architect Frederick Law Olmsted’s words, the poor and rich alike could “easily go there after their day’s work is done” and “stroll for an hour, seeing, hearing, and feeling nothing of the noise of the streets.”
As spring turns into summer, we see people sitting on the grass or benches—catching some sun, having family picnics, or tapping away on their laptops and iPads. Just being in proximity to other people in Central Park gave us a sense of community—the sense that we would somehow persevere.
12．What did people do in Central Park on that Saturday night?
A．They cheered for each other B．They paid their first visit
C．They came for a rare sight D．They appreciated a water event
13．What does the author mainly intend to do in Paragraph 4?
A．Give some examples. B．Make a comparison
C．Introduce a new opinion. D．Add background information
14．What do the underlined words “in proximity to” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．close to B．free from
C．at a distance from               D in comparison with
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Find Refuge in Central Park
B．Take Your Breath by Snow Owl
C．Trace Central Park to difficult times
D．Meet an improbable “visitor” in person
11.【2022届安徽省合肥市第八中学高考最后一卷】
We are a culture drowning in our possessions. We take in more and more ( holiday, birthdays, sales, needs ),but rarely find an opportunity to get rid of it. As a result, our homes fill up with so much stuff. And because we believe the best solution is to find organizational tools to manage all of it, we seek out bigger containers or more efficient organizational tips and tricks. But simply organizing our stuff must be repeated over and over.
At its heart, organizing is simply rearranging. And though we may find storage solutions today, we are quickly forced to find new ones as early as tomorrow. Additionally, organizing has some other major shortcomings that are
rarely considered. For example, it doesn’t benefit anyone else. The possessions we rarely use sit on shelves in our basements or garages, even while some of our closest friends desperately need them.
On the other hand, the act of getting rid of stuff from our home accomplishes many purposes. It is not a temporary solution. It is an action of permanence — once an item has been removed, it is removed completely. Whether we re-sell our possessions, donate them to charity, or give them to a friend, they are immediately put to use by those who need them.
Removing possessions begins to turn back our desire for more as we find freedom and happiness in owning less. And removing ourselves from the all-consuming desire to own more creates opportunities for significant life changes to take place.
If you’re struggling with how to get rid of stuff, you can first challenge yourself to remove the unneeded things in your home, carry a trash bag from room-to-room, see how big of a donation pile you can make, and even eliminate debt by selling what you no longer need.
It doesn’t matter how you remove them, for it is far better to remove than to always organize.
8．What is the problem with simply organizing stuff?
A．Few tools and tricks are available. B．It needs to be repeated very often.
C．People cannot save money by organizing. D．Desire to buy more disappears by organizing.
9．How can we remove unnecessary possessions?
A．By reselling them to others. B．By keeping them in trash bags.
C．By storing them in the garage. D．By piling them on the shelves.
10．What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean in Paragraph 5?
A．get rid of B．get over C．add to D．take charge of
11．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To explain the advantages and disadvantages of organizing things.
B．To inform readers of the ways to get rid of unnecessary possessions.
C．To call for people to remove stuff instead of just organizing.
D．To appeal to people to make donations to people in need.
12.【2022届四川省内江市高三第三次模拟考】
Before Starlink, a new satellite Internet system from the company SpaceX, most satellite Internet service was based on satellites that constantly remained above one point on Earth-over Chicago, for example, which means that
signals from farther away need to travel a long distance, causing delays. Starlink has a web of satellites moving constantly in a low orbit around the Earth. Because the satellites are closer, the speeds are faster, which makes the service better for things that need to happen without delays, like holding meetings over the Internet.
To get on the Internet with Starlink, users need a terminal(终端). The terminal tracks the web of satellites and communicates with them to provide Internet service. The service works as long as the terminal is placed where it can “see” the sky.
Starlink currently works in 31 countries, but SpaceX plans to expand the service to cover the whole world. The clearest need for this kind of service is in remote areas. Starlink terminals also work from moving objects, so SpaceX is also planning to offer service on transportation, like planes, trains, and boats.
Starlink currently has over 2, 100 satellites in orbit around Earth. SpaceX has permission from the US government to launch 12, 000 satellites, and it has asked for permission to launch as many as 30, 000 more.
Astronomers have complained that Starlink satellites are causing light pollution. This makes it harder to study things in space with satellites getting in the way. SpaceX has worked to abate the light from Starlink satellites. But scientists say the satellites still make their work harder. This will get worse as more satellites fill the skies.
There are also concerns about Starlink satellites crashing into other satellites or spacecraft. In 2019, a European satellite had to move to avoid coming close to Starlink satellites. Still, Starlink has been useful in emergencies. When the island nation of Tonga lost Internet service after a volcano erupted in January, 2022, SpaceX was able to provide temporary service using Starlink.
12．What does paragraph 1 focus on about Starlink?
A．Its developments.
B．Its history.
C．Its advantages.
D．Its origin.
13．Which word best describes SpaceX when it comes to Starlink?
A．Cautious.
B．Ambitious.
C．Generous.
D．Controversial.
14．What does the underlined word “abate” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Ignore.
B．Protect.
C．Discover.
D．Reduce.
15．Why is Tonga’s volcanic eruption mentioned?
A．To prove Starlink’s usefulness.
B．To show its damge to Starlink.
C．To explain why Starlink is developed.
D．To analyze how Starlink is improved.
13.【2022届山西省朔州怀仁市高考第三次模拟】
Genome-edited(基因编辑) food made with CRISPR-Cas9 technology is being sold on the open market for the first time. Since September, the Sicilian Rouge tomatoes, which are genetically edited to contain high amounts of Y-aminobutyric acid(γ-氨基丁酸)(GABA), have been sold direct to consumers in Japan by Tokyo-based Sanatech Seed. The company claims oral intake of GABA can help support lower blood pressure and promote relaxation.
“In Japan, dietary supplements and foods enriched for GABA are popular among the public, ”says Hiroshi Ezura, chief technology officer at Sanatech. “GABA is a famous health-promoting compound in Japan. It’s like vitamin C,” he says. More than 400 GABA-enriched food and beverage products, such as chocolates, are already on the Japanese market. “That’s why we chose this as our first target for our genome editing technology,” he says.
Sanatech, a startup from the University of Tsukuba, first tested the appetite of consumers in Japan for the genome-edited fruit in May 2021 when it sent free seedling CRISPR-edited tomato plants to about 4,200 home gardeners who had requested them. Encouraged by the positive demand, the company started direct internet sales of fresh tomatoes in September and a month later took orders for seedlings for next growing season. Japan’s regulators approved the tomato in December 2020.
Since its beginning a decade ago, CR1SPR-Cas9 genome editing has become a tool of choice for plant bioengineers. Researchers have successfully used it to develop non-browning mushrooms, drought-tolerant soybeans and a host of other creative traits in plants. Many have received a green light from US regulators. But before Sanatech’s tomato, no CRISPR-edited food crops were known to have been commercialized.
Consumers may find food ingredients made with some of the older DNA editing techniques. Indeed, Calyxt in 2019 commercialized a TALEN-edited soybean oil that is free of trans fats. So it was only a matter of time before a
CRISPR-edited crop reached palates.
12．Why was GABA-enriched food chosen for genome editing technology?
A．It is easy to edit its genome. B．It is popular among the public.
C．It can replace vitamin C． D．It can cure people of diseases.
13．What does the author want to say about the seedlings in Para. 3?
A．They are in great demand. B．They are very expensive.
C．They are still under doubt. D．They are free up to now.
14．Why were non-browning mushrooms mentioned in the 4th paragraph?
A．To prove TALEN-genome editing’s wide use.
B．To prove CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing’s popularity.
C．To prove CRISPR-edited crops’ creative traits.
D．To prove TALEN-edited soybean oil’s advantages.
15．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．TALEN-edited Tomatoes Are Supposed to Come Out
B．Which Are More Nutrient, TALEN-edited or CRISPR-edited Tomatoes?
C．Why GABA Has Such an Appeal at the Present Time?
D．CRISPR-edited Tomatoes Are Supposed to Make You Relaxed
14.【2022届山西省临汾市高考考前适应性训练考试（三）】
A recent study in Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems shows that tomato fruits are able to transmit alerts to their mother plant when attacked by caterpillars.
Plants have a large number of chemical and hormonal signaling pathways, which are generally transmitted through the sap (树液). Given the facts that fruits just hang from the main plant before ultimately falling off and sap typically only runs from the plant no the fruit—not back and forth between the two—it has long been unclear whether or not fruits can transmit information to the plant.
To address that question, scientists at Brazil’s Federal University of Pelotas placed tomato plants in a Faraday cage. Electrodes (电极) were attached to the ends of the plants’ branches, at the points where they connected to the fruits. Then they measured electrical responses within the branches before, during and after a 24-hour period in which the frits were attacked by caterpillars. Machine-learning-based algorithms were used to identify patterns in the signals.
It was found that there was a “clear difference” between the signals before and after caterpillar attacks. Additionally, defensive biochemical responses were observed throughout the plants’ bodies, suggesting that they had been triggered by signals sent by the fruits. The researchers gave the following explanation. The tomato fruit, sensing a nearby insect, emitted electrical signals to reach the rest of the plant. These warming impulses were received by the main plant and as a result, the rest of the plant got prepared to fight off the unwanted invaders. The tomato fruit made sure that the plant produced chemicals that were unpleasant to taste, so that hungry caterpillars stayed of the fruit.
The scientists now plan on investigating whether other fruiting plants behave in the same manner as tomatoes, and whether their fruits respond to threats other than insects. “It will be possible to detect early signs of pest presence, allowing for less aggressive control measures and more accurate insect management,” explains Niemeyer Reissig, first author of a paper on the study. “Understanding how the plant interacts with its fruits, and the fruits among themselves, may bring insights into bow to ‘manipulate’ this communication for enhancing fruit quality, resistance to pests and shelf life after harvest.”
12．What is the purpose of the research?
A．To state an issue about pest management.
B．To prove the significance of sap transmission.
C．To explain the effects of insect attacks on fruit quality.
D．To better know the interaction between fruits and plants.
13．What happened to the tomato plant during the research?
A．It got ready to protect itself. B．It sent out poisonous chemicals.
C．It sent warning signals to the fruits. D．It made few electrical responses.
14．What might future studies contribute to?
A．Extended fruit harvest periods. B．Prevention of insect threats.
C．Improvement in the output of fruits. D．Decrease in the number of pest species.
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Do fruits of a plant sense insects first?
B．Can fruits warn mother plants of pest attacks?
C．Do plants experience the same threats as their fruits?
D．Can all parts of a plant communicate with each other?
15.【2022届青海省西宁市高考二模】
Pubs and other public places should rethink fitting washrooms with high-speed electric hand dryers because paper towels do a better job of containing germs when people do not wash their hands properly, researchers say. A study found that the dryers left more contamination (污染) on poorly washed hands when compared with old-fashioned paper towels. They also caused virus particles to be blown on to clothing and people who used them left a trail of microbes (微生物) when they touched surfaces.
The findings are relevant, the authors of the study said, because even healthcare workers often take shortcuts when washing their hands. A previous survey found that only 40 percent stuck to recommended hand-washing practices. The study involved an experiment where volunteers dipped their hands in a liquid containing a harmless virus and dried them using either an air dryer or paper towels. The participants also wore aprons to measure how contamination had spread to their clothing. They were then asked to walk through a hospital while touching surfaces such as lift buttons. Samples were collected from surfaces that volunteers had touched and from the aprons.
On average, the levels of contamination to surfaces volunteers touched were ten times higher after hands were dried with an air dryer than with paper towels. Researchers also saw greater transfer of microbes to the apron when volunteers used the air dryer. “The study was performed in a healthcare setting and has important lessons for health institutions that still have high-speed air dryers, but the results are also relevant for public restrooms,”Dr Ines Moura, a research fellow at the University of Leeds and an author of the study, said. “Based on the contamination observed, we question the choice of air dryers.” The study was published in the journal Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.
8．What findings does the study get?
A．Paper towels can better help reduce contamination.
B．Restrooms should be equipped with more paper towels.
C．Paper towels cause virus particles to get on to clothing.
D．Hand dryers did a better job when it comes to containing virus.
9．Why do the researchers think the findings significant?
A．Because people prefer using hand dryers nowadays.
B．Because people like dipping their hands into the water.
C．Because people touch surfaces such as lift buttons a lot.
D．Because people don't wash their hands thoroughly enough.
10．Where is the study most probably conducted?
A．In a pub. B．In a lift. C．In a hospital. D．In a laboratory.
11．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To advocate the authority to ban the use of hand dryers.
B．To arouse people's attention to the problem of hand dryers.
C．To call on people to wash their hands as recommended.
D．To warn people not to use hand dryers in public places.
16.【2022届江西省南昌市高三二模】
The Adélie penguin, who has been named Pingu, was discovered by a local resident Harry Singh “looking lost” on the shores of New Zealand, over 3,000 kilometers away from its natural habitat.
“At first I thought it was a soft toy,” Singh told the BBC．“But suddenly the penguin moved his head, so I realized it was real. It didn’t move for one hour... and looked exhausted.” He then called penguin rescuers as he was concerned that it was not getting into the water, making it a potential target for any predatory (捕食性的) animals wandering on the beach.
On arriving at the scene, Thomas Stracke, who has been rehabilitating (康复) penguins on New Zealand’s South Island for the last 10 years, was shocked to find that the penguin was an Adélie — a species that lives exclusively on the Antarctic peninsula. Stracke said, “It is quite unusual since they are known only living in the Antarctic area. Fortunately, apart from being a bit starving and severely dehydrated, he was actually not too bad, so we gave him some fluids and some fish smoothie.”
It is only the third recorded incident of an Adélie penguin being found on New Zealand’s coast — the previous were in 1962 and 1993 — and although sitings remain incredibly rare, if they become more common it could be a worrying sign, say experts.
“I think if we started getting annual arrivals of Adélie penguins, we’d go actually, something’s changed in the ocean that we need to understand,” Otago University zoology professor Philip Seddon told The Guardian. “More studies will give us more understanding where penguins go, what they do, what the population trends are like — they’re going to tell us something about the health of that ocean ecosystem in general.”
Pingu has now been released into a bay on the Banks Peninsula, and it is hoped he may be able to make the journey home.
24．What happened to Pingu?
A．He was hunted by local people. B．He lost his food and looked upset.
C．He was finding a new natural habitat. D．He landed New Zealand by accident.
25．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?
A．Introduce a new topic to discuss. B．List numbers to prove an opinion.
C．Add some background information. D．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
26．What can be inferred from Philip’s words?
A．The number of penguins is on the decrease.
B．The health of ocean ecosystem should be concerned.
C．More studies about penguins have been undertaken.
D．Adélie penguins have built habitats in New Zealand.
27．What can be the best title of the text?
A．Unexpected Arrival of Rare Penguin B．Dangerous Situation of Adélie Penguins
C．Amazing Discovery by Local Resident D．Magical Travel to New Zealand
17.【2022届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三下学期第二次模拟】
· Do an anonymous (匿名的) act of kindness for someone.
· Leave a smile card behind to encourage them to pay-it-forward.
· Share your story here to spread the inspiration.
· hanged the world, one kind act at a time.
ORDER SMILE CARDS
To request Smile Cards, please fill out the form below. A volunteer will mail you an order of ten cards within two weeks. Smile Cards are offered to anyone who requests them on a pay-it-forward basis. That means there is no charge for a set of cards. Someone before you has paid for your cards, and you are invited to keep the chain going and pay-forward whatever you wish for the next person! For special events or circumstanced, you can also place a large quantity of request.

Note: When using a Smile Card, remember not to just hand it out by itself. The idea is to do something kind for someone and then leave the Smile Card behind, so that they know someone reached out to them, and that they are invited to pay-forward the kindness and keep the rippled going!
Country: *-select -                                 Name: * ________
There is a daily maximum order for each country. Please select a country first to make sure we have not exceeded the quota(定额) for the day.
Address: *________                         City: * ________
State: *- select-                            Email address: * ________
Inspiration: * ________
Please tell us what inspired you to order Smile Cards, and give us an example of a kind act you'd like to do using them.
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ABOUT US
Kind Spring is a place to practice small acts of kindness. For over a decade the Kind Spring user community has focused on inner transformation, while collectively changing the world with generosity, gratitude, and trust. The site is 100 % volunteer-run and totally non-commercial. It is a shared labor of love.

1．When can you use a smile card?A．Your friend ' s birthday is approaching. B．Your classmate has won the first prize.
C．You've ordered lunch for a poor friend. D．You find your classmate in low spirits.
2．To order smile cards, you have to________
A．pay for them in advance B．place a big quantity of request
C．mail some necessary information D．tell what favor you will do for others
3．The purpose of using smile cards is to encourage people to ________
A．spread kindness B．become volunteers
C．advertise for Kind Spring D．pay others' kindness back
18.【2022届黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三第四次模拟】
Many of us check labels to ensure the food we buy is healthy. But how many of us check what we eat, is produced in a way that benefits the environment? Some fanning methods actually help reduce carbon emissions, for
instance by removing carbon from the atmosphere and improving the quality of the soil. Many smaller-scale farmers use these “regenerative farming” practices, but big food companies are also getting on board.
So what is “regenerative farming” and how can you tell if the food is produced in this way? Asking questions about the fanning methods used to produce food may not provide the precise answers you want (unless you talk to the farmers). But interest in and knowledge about regenerative farming are growing, and shops may he able to investigate and come back to you.
How has produce been grown?
Farmers using a regenerative approach typically avoid or minimize tilling (犁地) to protect the structure of the soil and its microorganisms. These microorganisms are vital for soil fertility and protect crops from pests and disease. Good soil structure also helps to prevent flooding and pollution. Regenerative farmers also typically plant a groundcover of herbs, wildflowers and grasses. These add nitrogen (氮) to the soil, encourage wildlife and pollinators, help prevent erosion and flooding, and control weeds.
Have pesticides (杀虫剂) and artificial fertilizers (肥料) been used?
Regenerative farmers may maximize crop diversity and rotate crops to reduce the need for chemical inputs and support wildlife, because artificial fertilizers are responsible for about one percent of all global, carbon dioxide.
How has the product been transported?
How it is transported is important, and food air miles can have 100 times the carbon footprint of miles of transportation by sea. If fruit and vegetables aren’t in season when you buy them, try to find the miles if they have been flown in or grown in a hothouse heated by fossil fuels. “If you can’t buy direct from a local producer, and obviously many people can’t, you need to do some research,” a farmer says, “Try to make your supply chain as short as possible.”
What have the animals been fed?
There are environmental benefits to being grass-fed, and feeding animals imported grains may be bad for the environment.
8．Which of the following is a regenerative farming method?
A．Minimizing the microorganisms. B．Limiting crop diversity.
C．Growing herbs, wildflowers and grasses. D．Slopping using fertilizers.
9．We can help reduce carbon emissions by ______.
A．picking up food from the nearby markets B．feeding animals with imported grains
C．buying local products directly from farmers D．transporting goods by air rather than by sea
10．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Big food companies are starting to use regenerative farming.
B．Fruit grown in the hothouse isn't available everywhere.
C．It is no use asking farmers about the farming methods.
D．People are clear about how food is produced.
11．What’s the purpose of this passage?
A．To instruct farmers how to farm regeneratively.
B．To encourage less use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers.
C．To promote local products to customers.
D．To teach customers how to tell regenerative farming.
19.【2022届河南省豫南省级示范高中联盟高三下学期考前模拟四】
Saint Paul has four ice rink (溜冰场) locations. All hockey (冰球) rinks have boards and nets. See below for locations, hours, and updates.
Cold Weather Policy: Rinks will close if temperatures reach -25F.
Warm Weather Policy: In order to prevent extended closures due to damaged ice, rinks will close if melt water is visible on the surface.
Rink Hours & Locations:
Rink hours and conditions are subject to change without notice. Rinks will close periodically for maintenance. Appointed hockey rinks may be unavailable for open skating during hockey practices or scheduled open hockey times. Please call the numbers listed below to confirm details.

Our maintenance crew and dedicated volunteers work hard to keep the rinks clean, but Saint Paul snow piles up fast and freezes easily, which can quickly reduce the skateable surface area of the rink. Even if you feel you can't commit to volunteering, you are still desired to help by clearing snow while visiting the rinks. Thank you for
doing your part to make Saint Paul rinks great.
1．What situation can cause rinks to close?
A．No water is found on the surface.
B．The temperatures are below 25F.
C．Rinks undergo maintenance checks.
D．The boards and nets are almost broken.
2．Which rink will you go to if you are available at 8 pm on Tuesdays?
A．Phalen. B．Palace. C．Groveland. D．Langford Park.
3．What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A．To advertise Saint Paul's ice rinks.
B．To stimulate visitors to remove snow.
C．To present Saint Paul's snow piles.
D．To praise rinks' crew and volunteers.
20.【2022届河北省秦皇岛市高三4月联考（二模）】
“Boreout (闷爆) is different from burnout (精疲力竭) in the sense that bored-out employees rarely break down with exhaustion. Bored-out people may be present physically but not in spirit, and people can keep doing this for a good while,” says Harju, who has studied boreout for years.
Workers who realize they’re experiencing boreout may also be unwilling to flag it up as an issue to line managers or human resources. “While the behaviors that feed into burnout — overwork, drive — are appreciated and rewarded by employers, boreout reflects a lack of interest, a lack of motivation,” says Harju. “These are things that are avoided in organizations.”
There are some quick fixes, like taking on work tasks that are more interesting to you. But a 2016 study Harju and her colleagues worked on showed that people who had boreout were less likely to engage in constructive activities like trying to find new, interesting challenges at work.
What happens more often, she says, is that people will just show up at their desks and spend time shopping online, chatting with colleagues or planning other activities. She says that these people aren’t lazy, but are using these behaviours as “coping mechanisms”.
Fahri Ozsungur, an associate professor of economics at Mersin University, Turkey, who was behind the 2021 study on the health effects of boreout, points out that combating the phenomenon isn’t just down to the individual.
“Giving meaning to the job is not just up to the employees,” he says. “Instead, it’s up to management to create an office culture that makes people feel valuable.”
If you think boreout is seriously affecting your health either physically or mentally, it may be valuable to ask yourself how you might be able to reselect your career path toward something healthier for you. Seek the advice from advisers, career consultants, friends and family.
“If only people take its suggestion, boreout can make a change into something else: a different career entirely, or a different role in the organization,” Harju says.
8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic of the text. B．To describe people with burnout.
C．To explain what burnout is. D．To tell us who Harju is.
9．Why do people prefer not to talk about their boreout?
A．They lack relevant knowledge. B．They are warned not to talk about it.
C．They may not want it to be known to employers. D．They fear to be laughed at by their colleagues.
10．What does the underlined word “combating” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Encouraging. B．Blaming. C．Trusting. D．Fighting.
11．Which of the following may Harju agree with?
A．Forcing employers to increase salaries. B．Sticking to the job until you adapt to it.
C．Trying spending more time with your family. D．Considering changing a new job interesting you.
21.【2022届安徽省“皖南八校”高三下学期第三次联考】
Stories about sled dogs hauling medicine and supplies through the frozen wilderness have become the stuff of legends, but did you know pups are proving just as powerful in the waves as they are on the ice?
In Italy, an elite squadron of 350 specially-trained dogs from the Italian School of Water Rescue Dogs (Scuola Italiana Cani Salvataggio, or SICS) has successfully been patrolling the beaches, working as lifeguards. 300 SICS units, consisting of one dog and one trainer, are tasked with watching over approximately 30 of the country’s busiest beaches. Thanks to their willingness to perform, strength, and fearless exploits-including leaping from helicopters into the surf below to rescue at-risk swimmers-an average of 20-30 lives are saved annually by the doggie guards, and that number continues to climb each year.
Earlier this month, when several families, including eight children, were endangered by strong wind and wave conditions while 330 feet from shore, three doggie lifeguards and their trainers rushed in to save the day. With the
help of their human companions, dogs Eros, Mya, and Mira pulled everyone to safety in about 15 minutes.
The SICS program is the brainchild of 59-year-old Ferruccio Pilenga, who got the idea that dogs would make excellent lifeguards back in 1989 from watching his own Newfoundland, an immensely powerful swimmer named Mas. “He pulled a water-filled boat with three people on board for half an hour,” Pilenga told The Times of London. “A human cannot do that.”
The SICS program is arduous. After 18 months of basic training, only those dogs successfully completing the required steps are considered ready to move on to the more intensive aspects of lifesaving techniques, such as jumping from helicopters and leaping from speeding boats.
4．What can be learned from Paragraph 2?
A．SICS trains both dogs and other animals.
B．Each SICS unit has at least two dogs.
C．The dogs have rescued about 30 lives so far.
D．The dogs’ performance is improving annually.
5．What is the purpose of Paragraph 3?
A．To prove dogs’ loyalty to humans.
B．To show how dogs work with their trainers.
C．To explain the cause of the accident off the shore.
D．To remind swimmers about safety.
6．What do we know about Ferruccio Pilenga?
A．He and his children created the SICS program.
B．He got the idea when he was watching a movie about dogs.
C．He thought dogs had advantages over humans as lifeguards.
D．He lost his dog Mas when rescuing some swimmers.
7．What does the underlined word “arduous" in paragraph 5 mean?
A．easy B．interesting C．mysterious D．challenging
22.【2022届黑龙江省大庆市高三年级下学期第三次教学质量检测】
The National Portrait Gallery is a well-known gallery in the very heart of London. It was founded in 1856 and it holds one of the largest collections of portraits in the world. Throughout the year it is home to exhibitions covering all forms of portrait art, celebrating the lives and achievements of those who have influenced British
history, culture and identity. Whether you would like to see the permanent exhibitions or one of the temporary ones, there is something for art lovers at the National Portrait Gallery.
Permanent collections
The permanent collections have been split by room into the following categories:
● Tudor and Elizabethan
● Stuart and Civil War
● Georgian
● Regency
● Victorian and Elizabethan
● Twentieth century
● Contemporary displays
Opening times
Month
Day
Time
January - December
Monday - Thursday
10:00 - 18:00

Friday
10:00 - 21:00

Saturday - Sunday
10:00 - 18:00

Ticket pricesIn general, entrance to the National Portrait Gallery is free. However, if you wish to see a particular exhibition that is not part of the permanent collection you will need to buy a ticket. For details of the prices for the different collections it is best to check the official National Portrait Gallery website: https://www.npg.org.uk.
Audio Guides
You can obtain audio guides at the entrance. They are small handheld units with small screens showing an interactive map. You can listen to up to five themed tours: Highlights, Royalty, Scientists, Celebrities and Writers. The audio guides are available in six languages: English, French, Spanish, German, Italian and Japanese.
Places to eat in the gallery
There are two options of places to eat in the National Portrait Gallery. There is a café where you can grab something quick and affordable. Alternatively there is a restaurant on the top floor of the gallery overlooking the
city.
Address and contact details
National Portrait Gallery
Saint Martin’s Place
London
WC2H 0HE
Tel: +44 (0) 20 7306 0055
1．How long can you stay at most in the gallery if you visit on Friday?
A．Nearly 3 hours. B．Nearly 11 hours. C．Nearly 8 hours. D．Nearly 5 hours.
2．What can you do in the gallery according to the text?
A．You can visit permanent exhibitions on Regency. B．You can see all the temporary exhibitions for free.
C．You can give a speech about art in the entrance hall. D．You can rent an audio guide in the language of Chinese.
3．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the exhibitions of the gallery. B．To describe what the gallery looks like.
C．To explain why the gallery is popular. D．To provide a visitor’s guide to the gallery.
23.【2022届云南省第二次高中毕业生复习统一检测】
Beijing normally doesn’t have much snow in winter, so artificial snow was used at venues (场地) for the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.
“This is by far the best man-made snow I’ve ever skied on,” American freestyle skier Ashley Caldwell said at a press conference.
Although sometimes mixed with natural snow, artificial snow has mostly been used in competitions in the past five to 10 years.
Snow-making machines were first used at the Lake Placid 1980 Winter Olympics in the United States. At Sochi 2014 in Russia, 80 percent of the snow was artificial, and the figure was 90 percent at Pyeongchang 2018 in South Korea.
Cooled water and compressed (压缩的) air are mixed in the machine and shot out into water droplets (水滴). With the help of low temperatures, these droplets will become ice crystals.
There are totally nine types of snow made by snow machines, with different water content. The smaller type
number is closer to powder snow. The larger number means the snow is wetter. Drier snow is used in the daytime, while No. 7 or No. 8 snow is used during the nighttime with over minus 20 degrees Celsius. Different types of snow are chosen for different sports.
“In most cases, No. 5 snow is used,” revealed Wei Qinghua, mountain operation manager of the Zhangjiakou Guyangshu venues for Beijing 2022.
However, there are concerns regarding the environmental problems of using so much water for snow-making.
“Water used for snow-making only comes from rainfall and surface runoff (径流), and it can be recycled,” Wei pointed out.
“For water from melted snow, we have two lakes which can store it so that it can be used for agriculture, irrigation, tourism and landscaping.”
12．Why are Ashley Caldwell’s words mentioned in the text?
A．To explain the advantages of artificial snow.
B．To show the quality of the artificial snow used.
C．To comment on the management of the venues.
D．To call for attention to the research on artificial snow.
13．What can we know about artificial snow from the text?
A．It is still not as good as natural snow.
B．It is made of water and ice mixed in machines.
C．It falls into eight types depending on water content.
D．It has been widely used in the Olympic Winter Games.
14．What kind of snow is used in the night?
A．Natural snow. B．No. 3 snow.
C．Drier snow. D．Wetter snow.
15．How do they prevent affecting the environment according to Wei Qinghua?
A．Water from melted snow is collected and reused.
B．Natural snow is made use of as much as possible.
C．Underground water is pumped up for use.
D．Snow-making is made more energy efficient.
24.【2022届内蒙古通辽市高三4月模拟】
“Boreout (闷爆) is different from burnout (精疲力竭) in the sense that bored-out employees rarely break down with exhaustion. Bored-out people may be present physically but not in spirit, and people can keep doing this for a good while,” says Harju, who has studied boreout for years.
Workers who realize they’re experiencing boreout may also be unwilling to flag it up as an issue to line managers or human resources. “While the behaviors that feed into burnout — overwork, drive — are appreciated and rewarded by employers, boreout reflects a lack of interest, a lack of motivation,” says Harju. “These are things that are avoided in organizations.”
There are some quick fixes, like taking on work tasks that are more interesting to you. But a 2016 study Harju and her colleagues worked on showed that people who had boreout were less likely to engage in constructive activities like trying to find new, interesting challenges at work.
What happens more often, she says, is that people will just show up at their desks and spend time shopping online, chatting with colleagues or planning other activities. She says that these people aren’t lazy, but are using these behaviours as “coping mechanisms”.
Fahri Ozsungur, an associate professor of economics at Mersin University, Turkey, who was behind the 2021 study on the health effects of boreout, points out that combating the phenomenon isn’t just down to the individual. “Giving meaning to the job is not just up to the employees,” he says. “Instead, it’s up to management to create an office culture that makes people feel valuable.”
If you think boreout is seriously affecting your health either physically or mentally, it may be valuable to ask yourself how you might be able to reselect your career path toward something healthier for you. Seek the advice from advisers, career consultants, friends and family.
“If only people take its suggestion, boreout can make a change into something else: a different career entirely, or a different role in the organization,” Harju says.
8．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To introduce the topic of the text. B．To describe people with burnout.
C．To explain what burnout is. D．To tell us who Harju is.
9．Why do people prefer not to talk about their boreout?
A．They lack relevant knowledge. B．They are warned not to talk about it.
C．They may not want it to be known to employers. D．They fear to be laughed at by their colleagues.
10．What does the underlined word “combating” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Encouraging. B．Blaming. C．Trusting. D．Fighting.
11．Which of the following may Harju agree with?
A．Forcing employers to increase salaries. B．Sticking to the job until you adapt to it.
C．Trying spending more time with your family. D．Considering changing a new job interesting you.
25.【2022届湖南省雅礼十六校高三第二次大联考】
In the recent nearly four decades, private prisons in the U.S. have been widely denounced and criticized by people from all walks of life for frequent scandals. Last year, UN human rights experts urged the U.S. to “eliminate all for-profit detention facilities”, saying that “detainees should not become units for profit,” according to an article published on the website of the UN.
In the 1980s, in an effort to ease the burdens on overcrowded public prisons, the U.S. government started to contract some companies to run private prisons and pay them for services. Over the past nearly 40 years, private prisons have expanded rapidly and formed a highly profitable industry and huge lobbying groups.
According to data released by the website of The Sentencing Project, a Washington-based advocacy group, in 2019, about 116,000 prisoners were held in private prisons in the U.S., representing 8 percent of the country’s total state and federal prison population. Meanwhile, more than 30 states were in partnership with companies running private prisons.
The primary goal of private prisons is to profit from anything they deal in. There’s often a prison bed occupancy guarantee clause in the contracts between U.S. federal, state, and local governments and private prison operators, which stipulates that the government should guarantee a certain occupancy rate in prison beds; and if failing to reach the rate, it will need to pay compensations to private prison operators.
A study conducted by the Washington State University found that private prisons lead to an average increase of 178 new prisoners per million population per year and longer sentences, especially in nonviolent crimes that have more leeway in sentencing guidelines, according to the study.
Private prison operators have made big gains from inmate services. According to reports of U.S. media, in 2020, CoreCivic generated $1.9 billion in revenue, 82.2 percent of which came from its private prison operations. In the same year, the revenue of the GEO group reached $2.3 billion.
Most private prisons in the U.S. are ill-equipped. They usually build their facilities to minimum standards required by contracts with governments, in a bid to reduce operating costs. Besides, private prisons are often understaffed and correctional officers there are of varying quality. Furthermore, some private prisons connive in
gangsters and bullies “maintaining” order in prisons.
Private prisons in the U.S. have turned prisoners into modern-day slaves. Inmates in private prisons are forced into high-intensity and long hours of work but are paid far less than the statutory minimum hourly wage in the country. Their basic human rights are hardly guaranteed.
American journalist Shane Bauer had been undercover as a prison guard at a private prison in Winnfield, Louisiana. He exposed chaotic phenomena in the prison, including forced labor, exploitation, violence, maltreatment, and corruption.
“A terrifying look into one of America’s darkest and deepest ongoing embarrassments,” commented well-known U.S. literary website Literary Hub on the book.
8．The initial purpose to set up private prisons was to________.
A．Provide the prisoners with worse condition to make them realize their fault.
B．Improve the congested situation in state-owned prisons.
C．Create huge profit for prison operating companies.
D．Respond to the request of UN human rights experts.
9．What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?
A．To illustrate the dark side of private prisons.
B．To criticize the injustice in American judiciary.
C．To explain how this system go evil.
D．To stress the inequality inside the prison.
10．The underlined word in Paragraph 8 probably means_______.
A．Legal
B．Appropriate
C．Theoretical
D．Required
11．We can learn from the passage that______.
A．Most of the prisoners are now locked up in private prisons.
B．The equipment in the private prisons failed to meet the federal standard.
C．The mafia-style governance exists in some private prisons.
D．Shane Bauer conveyed his regret for the US directly in his book.
26.【江苏省南通如皋市2022届高三4月第二次适应性考试】
Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago. Fish would have been swimming in the rivers in an area that’s now North Dakota in the US. Seconds later, the serenity (宁静) was ended by destruction.
These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid (小行星) struck Earth, killing off three quarters of all species on the planet. According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23, the asteroid hit in springtime.
Researchers in 2019 discovered fossilized fishes in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth. They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bones. All fish bone cell densities and volumes can indicate the season. Because the accelerator also could capture the sizes, researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit, Dennis Voeten, a researcher at Uppsala University in Sweden told USA Today.
The timing of the collision, at least for the Northern Hemisphere, came at a particularly sensitive stage. “I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota (白垩纪生物) in a very vulnerable spot because they were out and about looking for food, attending to offspring and trying to build up resources after the harsh winter.” Melanie During, the main author of the study, said at a news briefing.
In the Southern Hemisphere, it was autumn, a season when many creatures prepare for winter. Therefore, life in the Southern Hemisphere was a lot more prepared for this event.
It is unclear whether small animals in the Northern Hemisphere actual did worse than those in the south. There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were wiped out in the asteroid strike, after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south, Voeten told The Guardian.
4．On what basis did researchers determine the time of year the asteroid hit?
A．The kinds of fossilized fish cells.
B．The number of fish fossils in the area.
C．The appearance of different fish species.
D．The volume and density of fossilized fish bones.
5．What does the underlined word “offspring” most likely mean in paragraph 4?
A．The young. B．A season.
C．The homeless. D．A creature.
6．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．The time of the asteroid strike was the same around the globe.
B．There were still turtles in the Northern Hemisphere after the asteroid strike.
C．No creatures could survive the asteroid impact whether in the south or north.
D．The extinction of many species has little to do with the asteroid strike.
7．What’s the main purpose of the article?
A．To discuss why dinosaurs went extinct.
B．To explain the science behind asteroids.
C．To explore the impact of the asteroid strike.
D．To report on new research on the asteroid strike.
27.【2022届湖南省衡阳市高三下学期毕业班联考（一）】
Best Compact SUVs for 2022
If you are looking for more interior and cargo space than sedans offer, compact SUVs can be a great choice. We highlight the best compact SUVs below to help get you started.

2022 Hyundai Tucson
#1 in Compact SUVs
Features & Specs
SEATING:5
DRIVETRAIN: FWD, AWD
HORSEPOWER: 187
The redesigned 2022 Hyundai Tucson ranks at the top of the compact SUV class, thanks in part to its composed ride and handling, spacious and upscale interior, user—friendly infotainment system, and long list of driver assistance features. The redesigned Tucson impresses with its spacious five-seat interior and large cargo area. And it's powered by a zippy yet economical four-cylinder engine. It's also backed by a 10-year/100,000-mile powertrain warranty.

2021 Mazda CX—5
#2 in Compact SUVs
Features & Specs
SEATING: 5


DRIVETRAIN: FWD, AWD
HORSEPOWER:187—227
The 2021 Mazda CX-5 challenges for a top spot in the competitive compact SU'V class thanks to its engaging handling and refined interior. The CX-5 doesn't have the most spacious cargo hold, hut it offers a sophisticated and elegant interior, comfortable seating, and a revamped infotainment system. The CX-5's solid combination of quality and value led us to name it as a finalist for our 2021 Best Compact SUV for the Money award. It was also named a finalist for our 2021 Best Compact SUV for Families award.

2022 Honda CR—V
#3 in Compact SUVs
Features & Specs
SEATING: 5
DRIVETRAIN: FWD．AWD
HORSEPOWER: 190
The 2022 Honda CR—V finishes near the top of our compact SUV rankings. It's among the class leaders in several areas, including passenger and cargo space and fuel economy. The Honda CR—V is a good SUV. It delivers energetic acceleration and a comfortable ride, and it gets good gas mileage. Because of its solid combination of quality and value, we named the CR—V a finalist for our 2022 Best Compact SUV for the Money.

21．If you pay much attention to a SUV's powertrain guarantee, is a good choice.A．2021 Hyundai Tucson B．2021 Mazda CX—5
C．2022 Honda CR—V D．2022 Hyundai Tucson
22．What can we learn about the three SUVs from the passage?
A．The three SUVs share the same seating and drivetrain.
B．The 2021 Mazda CX —5 is powered by a zippy four—cylinder engine.
C．The 2022 Hyundai Tucson doesn't have large spacious cargo hold.
D．The CR—V was named 2021 Best Compact SUV for Families award.
23．What's the main purpose of this passage?
A．To detail some best compact SUVs for 2022.
B．To promote the best compact SUVs for readers.
C．To advertise for some car designing companies.
D．To guide readers to choose a SUV from rankings.
28.【2022届湖南省衡阳市高三下学期毕业班联考（一）】
One night many years ago when I was on the bridge of a ship that passed one of our large cities on a quiet night, I saw its lights reflected in the sky and heard the rumblings of the city's noises. As I looked to my other side, I could see nothing but open space of darkness and endless water. I realized how small I was and that my own problems of life did not seem great.
I have spent twenty—five years on boats. Now I am a docking pilot. My job is to bring in the large luxury liners and stay with them until they are safely anchored in their berths. Sometimes this requires two tugs(拖船）, sometimes many more, depending on the tide, the weather, and the draft of the vessel.
Most of you no doubt have seen these tugs pushing and pulling at the big liners. What they are doing doesn't seem to make much sense at first, but presently the big boat is alongside her landing stage, her ropes made fast, and the job is done.
These tugs, whether one or ten, move about in accord with whistle signals I send them from the bridge of the big liner. These signals make up a language that is just as dependable as the spoken word; or even more so, because our docking signals are rarely misunderstood. The captain of each tug does his work according to the signals he receives. He never asks questions. He takes everything on faith, and it always works out.
I fell very important the first time I ever docked a big liner, thinking that I was in control of a great ship worth millions of dollars and the owners were depending on me to bring her safely to her berth. After I had docked several of the large liners, I realized I was not important, but simply the quarterback who called the signals.
Working around tugboats has had its effect on what I believe. The great transatlantic liners depend on the help of the little tugs to bring them safely to port, and it is with one's success.
24．According to paragraph 3, originally, the job of a tugboat was .
A．important B．humble
C．tough D．complex
25．What is the main purpose of writing paragraph 4?
A．To give a detailed description. B．To display the characteristics.
C．To make a comparison. D．To help reveal the theme.
26．According to the passage, one's success depends on .
A．diligence B．mutual assistance
C．learning D．individual excellence
27．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A．Tugboats and the Pilot B．The Significance of Teamwork
C．The Workings of Tugboats D．Philosophy from Tugboats
29.【山东省青岛市2022届高三4月模拟练习】
Think back to when you were in a maths classroom, and the teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following responses is closer to the way you reacted?
A: Oh no, this is too hard for me. I’m not even going to seriously try and work it out.
B: Ah, this is quite tricky, but I like to push myself. Even if I don’t get the answer right, maybe I’ll learn something in the attempt.
Early in her career, the psychologist Carol Dweck of Stanford University gave a group of ten-year-olds problems that were slightly too hard for them. One group reacted positively and loved the challenge. She says they had a ‘growth mindset’ and are focused on what they can achieve in the future. But another group of children felt that their intelligence was being judged and they had failed. They had a ‘fixed mindset’ and were unable to imagine improving. Some of them looked for someone who had done worse than them to boost their self-esteem.
Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in education at the moment. For years, children have been praised for their intelligence or talent, but this makes them vulnerable(脆弱的) to failure. They become performance-oriented, wanting to please by getting high grades, but they are not interested in learning for its own sake. The solution, according to Dweck, is to lead them to become mastery-oriented (i.e., interested in getting better at something). She claims that the ever-lasting effort over time is the key to outstanding achievement.
Psychologists have been testing these theories. Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation were exposed to growth mindset techniques for a year. The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in regional tests, beating children from much more privileged backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an effort was a sign of stupidity, but they came to see it as the key to learning.
12．What can we learn about a person if his answer is closer to “B”?
A．He is performance-oriented.
B．He tends to set limits to his life.
C．He enjoys the process and focuses on the future.
D．He boosts his self-esteem by comparing with others.
13．Which of the following suggestions will Professor Dweck give to parents and teachers?
A．To reward children for their high grades. B．To emphasize the importance of intelligence.
C．To ignore the result brought by failure. D．To praise children for their engagement in the process.
14．What does “These children” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Children showing no interest in learning.
B．Children who use fixed mindset techniques.
C．Children from much more privileged backgrounds.
D．Underperforming school children on a Native American reservation.
15．Why does the author write the text?
A．To distinguish growth mindset and fixed mindset.
B．To inform readers of the importance of growth mindset.
C．To show several psychological study results.
D．To point out a problem in education at the moment.
30.【重庆市第八中学2021-2022学年高三下学期第二次阶段检测】
The argument that human-caused carbon emissions are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn’t back it up.
According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world’s volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today’s human activities.
Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes—one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online
environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”
Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt. St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth’s atmosphere.
Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later.
In an interesting twist on the issue, volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continent’s ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above.
12．According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that________.
A．their opinion is supported by science
B．volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases
C．human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases
D．carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing
13．What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Sudden increases. B．Smooth trends. C．Stable regularities. D．Sharp declines.
14．According to this passage, what do the scientists believe about volcanic eruptions?
A．They brought about global warming.
B．They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth.
C．They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above.
D．They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect.
15．The purpose of the passage is to________.
A．compare the results of the studies
B．contradict a view held by some people
C．present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon
D．report the effects of CO2 in greenhouse phenomenon
31.【2022届重庆市育才中学高三下学期二诊模拟考试（二）】
Ready to escape the world and spend some time in nature? Here are some good options for you.
The Woodlands Cabin—Sandy, OR
The Woodlands Cabin sits on five acres of wooded property. It is a beautiful 3-bedroom home (plus a kids’ room). The two outdoor decks surrounded by beautiful trees are the perfect place to enjoy a cup of coffee and watch deer pass by. It’s also perfect for getaways or a trip to the mountains, as it’s a 25-minute drive from Mount Hood skiing and a 15-minute drive from hikes.
Sleeps: 7
Cost: $400/person/night, 30% discount for 3 persons
Online booking: airbnb.com/rooms/21783133
Waterfront Cabin—Washougal, WA
This riverfront cabin sits on a full wooded acre with private access to the Washougal River. This home is located just 40 miles northeast of Portland and only 12 miles from downtown Washougal. The surrounding forest is filled with native northwestern plants and old-growth trees, some of which are more than 300 years old.
Sleeps: 7
Cost: $180/person/night, 40% discount for 2 persons
Online booking: airbnb.com/rooms/28839315
Valley View Cabin—Angel Fire, NM
This beautiful cabin getaway is the total package with its convenient location to ski slopes, beautiful view of the valley and wonderful facilities including a 6-person hot tub (热水浴池), football table, fireplace, firepit, double shot electronic basketball game and more!
Sleeps: 14
Cost: $200/person/night, 40% discount for 2 persons
Online booking: airbnb.com/rooms/43745479
Pineland Chalet—Wrightwood, CA
A short, leisurely drive through the pine tree-lined mountain road welcomes you to Pineland Chalet.
If the mountains are your kind of playground, you can fulfill your outdoor adventure needs with hiking, zip lining, or playing 18 holes of disc golf in the summer season. In the winter months, let your downhill dreams take flight with skiing and snowboarding.
Sleeps: 8
Cost: $250/person/night, 40% discount for 3 persons
Online booking: airbnb.com/rooms/29415461
1．What do the four destinations have in common?
A．They all have playrooms for kids.
B．They all have some sports facilities.
C．They are all surrounded by beautiful mountains.
D．They all provide an opportunity to get close to nature.
2．How much should a couple with a child pay for a one-night stay in Pineland Chalet?
A．$450. B．$400.
C．$300. D．$250.
3．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To recommend some cabins for a stay.
B．To compare some cabins at the same place.
C．To tell about some cabins the writer owns.
D．To encourage people to do some outdoor activities.
32.【2022届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期二模】
Have you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How frustrating! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.
Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off ” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.
To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may cause this tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines that can target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.
The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the number of people who are overweight continues
to grow. In the United States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.
28．According to the scientists, why do some people gain weight easily?
A．Because their genes cause the tendency.
B．Because their bodies do not make fat.
C．Because their bodies store energy from food as fat.
D．Because they eat more than they need each day.
29．What do we know about the experiment?
A．They did the experiment to find the gene that stop people from gaining weight.
B．They did the experiment to find the reason why people gain weight.
C．They did the experiment to show the importance of healthy food.
D．They did the experiment to show the importance of regular exercise.
30．What may lead to high blood pressure according to the study?
A．The balanced diet. B．The weight problems.
C．The lack of exercise. D．The lack of drugs.
31．What is the purpose of the last paragraph of the text?
A．To inform us of serious side effects of the weight-loss drugs.
B．To introduce a breakthrough of the weight-loss drugs.
C．To advise us to develop a healthy lifestyle.
D．To encourage us to develop and test new drugs.
33.【2022届辽宁省大连市高考联合模拟】
Batman may not have any superpowers, but his inspiration certainly does.
More than 1,400 bat species live around the world, except in Antarctica and a few remote islands. Over their 50 million years of evolution, bats have developed clever solutions to life’s challenges, from a built-in sonar (声呐)
system for finding food to fast, flexible wings that produce the fastest level-flight speed of any animal on Earth.
“There is still a lot to learn, but it is clear that bats really do have superpowers,” says Rodrigo Medellín, an ecologist. “Bats are showing us how to live a better life, for instance, by serving as models for healthy living and long lives.”
As a general rule in biology, smaller animals have shorter lives than larger ones. But bats are rule breakers: they’re the longest-lived mammals (哺乳动物) relative to their body size. Recently, scientists looked inside bats’ cells for the secrets to their exceptionally long lives. They focused on telomeres (端粒), which are the protective structures found at the ends of chromosomes (染色体). In most animals, telomeres tend to get shorter with age. But the telomeres of the longest-lived group of bats, Myotis, do not appear to shrink (收缩) with age. Understanding why bats live so long may help humans live longer one day.
In addition to living longer, bats remain healthy throughout their lives, with very low risk of developing cancer. Furthermore, bats can carry deadly viruses without getting sick. So further research into their unique immune (免疫的) systems may actually give insight into how people can live with viruses and not get sick.
Beyond their own abilities, bats also support many other parts of their ecosystems. Three out of every four bat species eat insects. Many are pests that cause damage to important agricultural crops, such as cotton. Scientists estimate that insect-eating bats may save U.S. farmers about 1 billion per year. In addition, many bat species help improve plant health and diversity.
“Bats are unsung heroes of biodiversity,” says Medellín. “It’s about time we appreciated them.”
12．What can be learned about bats from the text?
A．They fly the fastest of all land animals.
B．They are at low risk of falling sick with a virus.
C．They live mainly on the islands of Antarctica.
D．They are the longest-lived animals given their size.
13．What did scientists recently find?
A．Animals’ telomeres rarely shrink with age.
B．Myotis’s telomeres do not shorten as they age.
C．Smaller animals usually live shorter lives than larger ones.
D．More research into bat telomeres could help people live more healthily.
14．What is the author’s intention in writing the last paragraph but one?
A．To show what bats feed on.
B．To call on people to protect bats.
C．To explain how bats benefit the farmers.
D．To highlight the importance of bats to the ecosystem.
15．What would be a suitable title for this text?
A．Bats Offer Clues to Treating Diseases
B．How Bats Deal with Life’s Challenges
C．Scientists Unlock the Secrets to Long Lives
D．Why Bats Are Superheroes of the Animal World
34.【湖北省十一校2021-2022学年高三下学期第二次联考】
Midway through The Matrix, Cypher feasts on an enormous steak, well aware that his reality is not real, part of a digital program telling his brain that the steak is a construction and that it is “juicy and delicious.” Two decades after the movie made its first appearance, something unexpected arises: The future of reality will not only be virtual but also synthetic (合成的). Cypher’s future meal will be a physical one, synthesized from animal cells.
And the synthesis goes beyond dinner. Starting with components from the natural world, scientists are learning to engineer microorganisms and build biocomputing systems. However, biology has a tendency to evolve in unexpected ways.
Synthesized meat is one case in point. The driving forces behind the meat movement are practical. It has been estimated that cultured (培育的) meat would require 7 to 45 percent less energy and produce 78 to 96 percent less greenhouse gas than conventional animals farmed for consumption. But once we’re able to synthesize meat, theoretically, we’ll have the capability to culture meat from any animal, even those we’d never consider eating today, like dolphins or chimpanzees, which will pose a new regulatory challenge for us.
Using synthetic biology, we can even edit and rewrite life, the technology of which are already in use. In 2021, scientists in some countries announced they had grown monkey embryos injected with human stem cells. Here comes the situation worth considering: such a monkey-human hybrid will demonstrate qualities that are somewhere between humans, on which experimentation isn’t allowed, and animals, which are often raised specifically for research. How will we decide when an animal becomes too human?
Depending on where you stand, the synthetic realities land somewhere between “really exciting” and “critically concerning.” As individuals, we undertake a shared responsibility to make good choices about this
coming synthetic technology.
12．What do we know about Cypher’s steak in the movie?
A．It is anything but appetizing.
B．It is enjoyed in a virtual world.
C．It is synthesized from animal cell.
D．It is a construction made by himself.
13．What’s the advantage of synthesized meat?
A．It is more nutritious.
B．It is more energy-consuming.
C．It is more environment-friendly.
D．It is more controllable in regulation.
14．What is the author’s attitude to the experiment in Paragraph 4?
A．Cautious. B．Favorable.
C．Pessimistic. D．Indifferent.
15．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To popularize synthetic technology.
B．To indicate challenges of synthetic technology.
C．To stress the importance of synthetic technology.
D．To introduce the development of synthetic technology.
35.【2022届辽宁省抚顺市普通高中高三第一次模拟】
On December 23, 2019, a Texas couple and their 12-year-old daughter delivering furniture in a rental truck got trapped in the San Juan National Forest in Colorado. After not being able to free the truck, they spent the evening in the truck, leaving the vehicle on and wrapping up in moving blankets to keep warm. In the morning, they wrapped plastic around their feet and chose to walk out to safety. Thanks to the concern of a family member, local authorities were contacted. The couple was spotted by a member of the Sheriff’s Department flying in his private plane.
This couple was making a quick run to deliver some furniture before the Christmas holiday. They were not thinking that they were putting themselves in a life-or-death situation. But where did things go wrong? They were using their GPS to take the fastest route. The issue with this is that GPS doesn’t take weather into account,
especially snow that has fallen in rural areas. Also, GPS won’t account for what kind of vehicle you are driving! They had a cellphone. But it’s possible that being in a rural location, cell towers weren’t available. Or it could have been that they ran out of battery.
Every day has the potential to become a real-life survival situation. How can you ensure your story doesn’t turn into a survival story? You should always let people know where you are going and carry your phone and a battery charger. Besides, always check the weather and adjust your trip accordingly. Always be prepared. Preparedness is a lifestyle. It means taking responsibility, hoping for the best, and preparing for unfortunate events. Taking a few moments to make sure you are prepared when you leave your home is a smart thing to do.
4．What happened to the family on their way to delivering furniture?
A．Their car had run out of fuel. B．They got stuck in a rural area.
C．They lost directions in the woods. D．Their daughter suffered a heavy cold.
5．Who rescued the family?
A．An officer. B．A couple.
C．A GPS application. D．A neighbour.
6．What lesson can we learn from the Texas couple’s story?
A．Cell towers were outdated in some rural areas.
B．First aid training is necessary in all situations.
C．Modem technologies can go wrong occasionally.
D．Overall factors should always be taken into account.
7．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．To warn against some dangerous travels.
B．To show the importance of responsibility.
C．To give tips on outdoor safety preparations.
D．To offer measures to deal with emergencies.
36.【海南省琼海市嘉积中学等四校2021-2022学年高三下学期联考】
The days of staring at the computer screen pretending to be interested in an assignment even though you are bored out of your mind may soon be coming to an end. That's because if Dr Harry Witchel, Discipline Leader in Physiology at England's Brighton and Sussex Medical School, has his way, computers of the future will be able to detect boredom and even react to it real-time.
But before you get concerned, the machine is not reading your mind. It is just keeping track of the constant involuntary（无意识的）movements that people exhibit when in front of a computer or even a television. These are not the bigger instrumental actions like moving a mouse or using the remote, but barely noticeable movements like scratching, fidgeting, or stretching. Witchel says the level of movement is directly linked to how absorbed the person is in what he or she is reading or watching. The higher the interest level. the less the movement!
To test the theory, Witchel and his team invited 27 people and exposed them to a variety of digital content for three minutes at a time. The activities ranged from playing online games to reading documents like the banking regulations that most people would find boring.
A video motion tracker monitored their movements as they powered through each assignment. Just as the researchers had expected, the involuntary actions decreased dramatically, by as much as 42%, when the participants were totally absorbed in what they were reading or seeing.
Fortunately, the scientists are not planning to use the findings to create machines that report students who are not focusing at school. Instead, they believe that combining the motion detecting technology with future computers will help enhance the digital learning experience.
The scientists say that being able to measure the students' interest level will enable educators to adjust the materials real-time and re-engage the students. Witchel also believes that the technology can provide filmmakers with honest audience opinions.
32．According to Dr Harry, what will future computers be able to do?
A．Keep a learner from distraction.
B．Help a learner with his assignments.
C．Read a learner's mind exactly real-time.
D．Identify dullness of a learner and respond to it.
33．How does an absorbed learner tend to behave?
A．Laugh and shout excitedly. B．Use less energy in an assignment.
C．Perform fewer involuntary actions. D．Show noticeable movements constantly.
34．What is the value of this technology for educators?
A．Bettering their digital learning experience. B．Introducing more computers into class.
C．Finding the absent-minded students in class. D．Detecting what interests the students most.
35．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To introduce an upcoming technology.
B．To update educators' teaching concept.
C．To show what learning will be like in the future.
D．To explain how life will be shaped by technology.
37.【2022届山东省 聊城市高三第一次模拟考试（一模）】
Do you know that forests cover an estimated 38 percent of the total land surface of the European Union (EU)? And that these extensive areas covered with trees and underbrush need to be protected so they can continue to do good for the environment for the next generation? Now the EU has just come up with is ambitious new “Forest Strategy”.
Forests can fight against climate change and prevent biodiversity loss They can reduce the impacts of climate change by cooling down cities, protecting us from heavy flooding, and reducing drought impacts. They are valuable ecosystems that are home to a major part of the world’s plants and animals. But forests also improve our health and well-being through functions like water regulation, erosion (侵蚀) control and air purification. And they serve as ideal settings for “recreation, relaxation and learning, as well as securing livelihoods”.
This new European- wide forest conservation vision takes in an impressive commitment to plant a minimum of three billion additional trees over the next decade. This is an ambitious plan but a long overdue one because forests have been battered by severe weather and human impacts, particularly the demand for wood over the last ten years. As the EU Observer puts it,“extreme weather events and the increasing demand for forest services and products, driven by wood-based bioenergy and international trade, have accelerated tree cover loss in the last decade.”
This EU strategy takes into account the complexity of ; forest sustainability. Observation, knowledge exchange, ongoing monitoring and close cooperation between public and private organizations and individuals are also key elements in this new continent- wide forest protection strategy.
This is a future- focused blueprint, designed to protect these precious green areas, and ensure that the trees and greenery are here to stay!
8．Why are two questions raised in the beginning?
A．To tell us the EU’s forest coverage.
B．To call on people to protect forests.
C．To explain the reason for the strategy.
D．To encourage more forest expansion.
9．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2?
A．The urgency of the strategy.
B．The importance of forests.
C．The background of the strategy.
D．The environmental role of forests.
10．What does the underlined word “battered” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Preserved. B．Controlled. C．Removed. D．Damaged.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Planting Trees for the World
B．Irreplaceable Benefits of Forests
C．EU’s Action to Protect the Earth
D．Taking Forests into the Future
38.【2022届山东省 聊城市高三第一次模拟考试（一模）】
Making eye contact with a robot can be a very strange experience. Scientists even have a name for the feeling: the “uncanny valley”. Now, researchers at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) in Italy have found that it is more than just a feeing. They ran an experiment that showed how a robot’s gaze can trick people into thinking they are socially interacting with a human being. That experience can slow a person’s ability to make decisions.
“Gaze is an extremely important social signal,” said the lead writer, Professor Agnieszka Wykowska, “The question is whether the robot’s gaze will evoke very similar mechanisms in the human brain as a human’s gaze would.”
The team asked 40 participants to play a video game of “chicken”. Each player had to decide whether to permit a car to run straight toward another car or to turn to avoid a crash. The people played against a human-like robot sitting across from them. During breaks in the game, players had to look at the robot. Sometimes the robot would look back and at other times it would look away. As the interactions happened, the scientists collected data on participants’ behavior and brain activity.
“Our results show the gaze of the robot had an impact on the way humans made decisions and humans’ responses, so humans were much slower in making decisions in the game,” Wykowska said. Given that the robot, is designed loosely to copy the shape and appearance of people, it’s not altogether startling perhaps that its gaze can
influence people’s attention.
The findings could be useful for deciding where and how human-like robots might be placed. When we understand when and how robots change people’s social behavior,“then we can decide in which sort of context this is desirable and beneficial for humans and in which context this should not occur,” Wykowska said.
12．Why was the experiment conducted?
A．To find out how the robot interacted with people. B．To study the function of the robot’s eyes.
C．To test the effect of robots’ gaze on people. D．To arouse people’s interest in service robots.
13．What were the participants asked to do?
A．Control the direction of a real car. B．Look at the robot in the game breaks.
C．Have a car race with a robot. D．Gaze at the robot while playing games.
14．What does the author think of the results according to paragraph 4?
A．Unsurprising. B．Amazing. C．Disappointing. D．Threatening.
15．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To advertise the robot. B．To introduce a study.
C．To stress the importance of eye contact. D．To show robots’ ability to make decisions.
39.【2022届广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第三次教学质量检测】
To tackle the problem of tiny plastics polluting waterways, chemists in the Czech Republic are thinking small. Their brainchild is a new microrobot which is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down.
Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University led the project. A decade ago, he chose to focus on the problem posed by microplastics. They’re everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. They’ve turned up in drinking water. Some studies estimate that billions of pieces of plastic end up in the world’s waters. The plastic has many sources, from shopping bags to washing and cleaning wipes.
In lab experiments, the star-shaped swimmers stuck onto each of four different types of plastic. And after a week exposed to light, the robots had reduced the weight of the plastics. It wasn’t much—only by percent. But that was an indication that they were breaking the plastic down. They also caused the surface of the plastic to change from smooth to rough. That’s another sign that the robots were degrading (分解) it. The new study is a proof of concept type. That means it shows something can be done successfully.
In fact, Pumera says they still have a long way to go. There are many types of plastics. And even these microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading them all. The researchers also have not yet shown how safe this system is for the environment, although Pumera says that’s their next goal. The first real-world test will be in a wastewater-treatment plant. “Indeed,” says one researcher. “We’ll need a lot of testing to show that they’re safe in open waterways, such as at sea.”
12．The microrobots are powered by ______.
A．water B．sunlight C．plastics D．pencils
13．What does the author focus on in Paragraph 2?
A．The purpose of Pumera’s project. B．The preciousness of drinking water.
C．The seriousness of plastic pollution. D．The working principle of the microrobots.
14．What shows the effectiveness of the microrobots in lab experiments?
A．The weight loss of the plastics. B．The disappearance of the plastics.
C．The shape change of the microrobots. D．The improvement in the purity of water.
15．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Ways to Obtain Cleaner Drinking Water B．Microrobots Invented to Treat Wastewater
C．New Hope for the Solution to Plastic Pollution D．Technology Widely Applied in Environment Protection
40.【2022届江苏省南京市高考英语模拟卷（一）】
Hristo Hristov has been working with wildlife in Bulgaria's remote Rhodope Mountains for over 30 years. He first came here as a bright-eyed student in the early 1990s, eager to increase the number of griffon vulture (欧亚尤雪). At the time, there were fewer than 20 birds left. Fast forward to November 2020, there were more griffon vultures. At the last count, a record 245 now live in the Rhodope Mountains.
As a rewilding officer, Hristo is responsible for the welfare of the animals in his area, which means constant observation, and lengthy periods out in the wild conducting research. "This process is sometimes long — you have to live together with the animals," he explains." Forget everything; you live in nature. It doesn't matter if they're horses, wild cattle or European bison (野牛)."
This small corner of south-eastern Europe is one of the continent's most ecologically diverse areas. Large animals, such as wolves, brown bears, deer, and wild horses, coexist here. It's also a peaceful place for birdlife, with 300 species recorded. The ultimate goal is to create a habitat where multiple different species depend on one another.
Hristo's current challenge is to continue the reintroduction of European bison to the wild. Since 2013, Hristo has worked with Rewilding Europe, a not-for-profit organisation which operates across Europe, to bring bison back to the Rhodope Mountains. In 2019, several bison were released into the wild, and three baby bison have already been born, two of those coming in 2020. At the end of last year, another two females were donated to the project from zoos in Hungary and Slovakia. When the new animals are eventually released into the wild, they will number 13.
4．What can be learned about griffon vultures?
A．They are now in danger of dying out. B．They may live as long as over 30 years.
C．They can be seen in the Rhodope Mountains. D．They were first discovered in the early 1990s.
5．Which of the following can best describe Hristo?
A．Proud but caring. B．Silent but generous.
C．Honest and creative. D．Devoted and patient.
6．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?
A．Develop the theme with examples. B．Add some background information.
C．Summarize the previous paragraphs. D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
7．What can we expect of European bison's population in the future?
A．It will be hard to assess. B．It will start to explode.
C．It will show promise. D．It will be something to worry about.