四川省石室中学2022-2023学年高三英语高考适应性模拟检测试题（一）（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省石室中学2022-2023学年高三英语高考适应性模拟检测试题（一）（Word版附解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

石室中学高2023届高三高考适应性模拟检测试题(一)
英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分 30 分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. What does the man want?
A.Cups. B.Notebooks. C.Carpet cleaners.
2. How does the man find the problem?
A.Quite difficult. B.Very interesting. C.Too simple.
3. What does Paul want to do?
A.Save money. B.Study abroad. C.Change his job.
4. What does the man mean? A.Tony always worries a lot.
B. Tony likes riding bikes.
C. Tony is expert at repairing bikes.
5. What does the woman suggest doing?
A.Finding a volunteer.
B. Clearing up together.
C. Helping prepare the party.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。
6. Where does the conversation take place?
A.At a library. B.In a law firm. C.On a train.
7. What is Susan’s attitude to John’s problem?
A.Carefree. B.Understanding. C.Forgiving.
听第 7 段材料,回答第 8、9 题。
8. What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A.Do some housework. B.Go to a party. C.See a movie.
9. Why does the man stop going to parties with college friends? A.He has new friends.
B. He’s busy with work.
C. He changes his lifestyle.
听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. Where are the speakers?
A.In a hospital. B.In a gym. C.In a park.
11. What happened to the woman yesterday?
A.She fell off the bed.
B. She had trouble in breathing.
C. She almost died of heart disease.
12. What annoys the woman most?
A.Having scary dreams. B.Giving up fried chips. C.Getting up early.
听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Where does Michelle Ray come from?
A.A middle-sized city. B.A small town. C.A big city.
14. Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping?
A.The Zen Garden. B.The Highlands. C.The Red River area.
15. What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet?
A.Go camping. B.Study in a library. C.Read at home.
16. What are the speakers talking about in general?
A.Late-night shopping. B.Asian food. C.Louisville.
听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. How did Stephen Hawking become famous?
A.He got good grades in university.
B. He pointed out Hoyle’s mistake.
C. He worked on the big bang theory.
18. Who proved Hawking’s work on the big bang theory?
A.Hawking himself. B.Fred Hoyle. C.Astronomers.
19. How many reasons are mentioned for Stephen Hawking’s being a genius?
A.One. B.Two. C.Three.
20. What is the talk mainly about?
A.The story of Stephen Hawking.
B. The contribution of Fred Hoyle.
C. The birth of the big bang theory.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions (排放) is having on our planet and the efforts needed to protect the earth. Most of us are doing our bit to reduce our influence or the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?
Net zero means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they produce and use power to cut down carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) output. And they announced what further steps they were going to take at the recent COP26 summit in Glasgow (格拉斯哥气候峰会).
In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It’s recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers, which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners up to £5, 000 to replace them. Another plan in the UK is a big push towards electric cars. More charging points are to be added in streets, and no new petrol cars will be sold by 2030.
But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so there should be other ways to make up for it. One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees, which are good at taking in carbon dioxide. The UK government has promised to plant 30, 000 hectares of trees a year by 2025. Other ideas can work too, but what’s certain is this will cost money. The CBI’s (英国工业联合会) Tom Thackray told the BBC, “those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of doing nothing.”
Whether the UK, or anyone else, reaches net zero is yet to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to protect the environment. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.
A. people are doing enough to reduce the amount of green gas
B. gas boilers must be replaced by the end of 2030 in the UK
C. Tom Thackray believed the UK government is wasting money
D. it might be difficult to judge whether the UK reaches net zero
2. What’s the writer’s attitude towards net zero targets?
A. Negative. B. Subjective. C. Objective. D. Supportive.
3. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Achieving Net Zero Target Together B. Protecting the Environment
C. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions D. Planting More Trees Together
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了英国政府为实现“净零排放”而制定的一些计划，而真正实现这一计划，需要全球的共同努力。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whether the UK, or anyone else, reaches net zero is yet to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. (英国或其他任何国家是否会实现净零碳排放还有待观察。对于如何准确测量这一点，人们存在一些疑问。)”可推断，可能很难判断英国是否达到“净零排放”。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Most of us are doing our bit to reduce our influence or the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?(我们大多数人都在尽自己的一份力量来减少我们对环境的影响，但尽管我们共同努力，我们所做的足以在2050年实现净零吗?)”和最后一段“Whether the UK, or anyone else, reaches net zero is yet to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to protect the environment. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction. (英国或其他任何国家是否会实现净零碳排放还有待观察。对于如何准确测量这一点，人们存在一些疑问。但人们普遍认为，需要全球共同努力来保护环境。因此，净零目标只有在其他所有国家都朝着同样的方向前进时才有意义。)”及全文可知，作者客观的陈述“净零排放”计划所采取的措施以及人们的观点，从而可推断，作者对“净零排放”目标的态度是客观的。故选C。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But it’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to protect the environment. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction. (但人们普遍认为，需要全球共同努力来保护环境。因此，净零目标只有在其他所有国家都朝着同样的方向前进时才有意义。)” 及全文可知，文章介绍了英国政府为实现“净零排放”而制定的一些计划，而真正实现这一计划，需要全球的共同努力。所以“Achieving Net Zero Target Together(共同实现净零目标)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。
B
If you are a fan of medical films, then you will know there are emergency helicopter services that will take badly injured patients to hospitals long distances away. You probably also know that in these films most ambulances (救护车) are on wheels and go across city streets where there are fewer traffic jams than in real life.
But now, Israel’s Urban Aeronautics, announced that it made an agreement to work with Hatzolah Air to produce and develop its CityHawk aircraft as an emergency medical service. The CityHawk is small and can fly anywhere and land anywhere, making it able to work in cities above the traffic jam. It has no wings outside and can work even in bad weather conditions.
“We are excited to work with Hatzolah Air on the development of our CityHawk vehicle,” said Rafi Yoeli, CEO of Urban Aeronautics. “Its small size will enable it to land in the middle of a busy city street, making it a perfect fit for medical tasks by greatly reducing the time it takes to arrive on-scene, treat and transport sick or injured patients to medical facilities.”
“One of Hatzolah’s most important goals is to be somewhere within minutes. Unlike helicopters, we can land anywhere within minutes,” Yoeli said. “We will be able to improve the care of patients. They want to be equipped with the best aircraft.” Hatzolah Air’s president Eli Rowe said that he foresees (预测) the possible need for 800 CityHawks since it is a six-passenger vehicle that can carry a pilot, a patient and a team of professionals.
Urban Aeronautics is working on certification (认证) for emergency use of its CityHawk aircraft. The development of the flying ambulance is expected to take up to five years but a model will be ready sooner. A flying ambulance may be coming to a city near you soon.
4. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To give an example of medical rescue.
B. To lead to the topic of the flying ambulance.
C. To show the future market for aircraft medical service.
D. To tell the advantages of emergency medical helicopters.
5. What do we know about the CityHawk?
A. It makes medical tasks in cities more convenient.
B. It will take the place of ambulances on city roads.
C. It is difficult to operate in bad weather conditions.
D. It can carry enough medical supplies immediately.
6. What’s Rafi Yoeli’s attitude towards the development of the CityHawk?
A. Worried. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Surprised.
7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The CityHawk has got certification from the government.
B. The CityHawk faces great difficulties to become a reality.
C. The CityHawk draws great attention of hospitals.
D. The CityHawk will come into use in the near future.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以色列城市航空公司（Urban Aeronautics）宣布与哈卓拉航空公司（Hatzolah Air）达成协议，生产和开发“城市鹰”（CityHawk）飞机，作为紧急医疗服务。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are a fan of medical films, then you will know there are emergency helicopter services that will take badly injured patients to hospitals long distances away. You probably also know that in these films most ambulances are on wheels and go across city streets where there are fewer traffic jams than in real life.”（如果你是医疗电影的粉丝，那么你就会知道有紧急直升机服务，可以把严重受伤的病人送到很远的医院。你可能也知道，在这些电影中，大多数救护车都是有轮子的，穿过城市街道，那里的交通堵塞比现实生活中要少。）以及第二段第一句“But now, Israel’s Urban Aeronautics, announced that it made an agreement to work with Hatzolah Air to produce and develop its CityHawk aircraft as an emergency medical service.”（但现在，以色列城市航空公司（Urban Aeronautics）宣布与哈卓拉航空公司（Hatzolah Air）达成协议，生产和开发“城市鹰”（CityHawk）飞机，作为紧急医疗服务。）故可推知，第一段的作用是引出飞行救护车的话题。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The CityHawk is small and can fly anywhere and land anywhere, making it able to work in cities above the traffic jam. It has no wings outside and can work even in bad weather conditions.”（“城市鹰”无人机体积小，可以在任何地方飞行和降落，使其能够在交通拥堵以上的城市工作。它在外面没有翅膀，即使在恶劣的天气条件下也能工作。）可知，关于“城市鹰”我们知道，它使城市的医疗任务更加方便。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“We are excited to work with Hatzolah Air on the development of our CityHawk vehicle,” said Rafi Yoeli, CEO of Urban Aeronautics. “Its small size will enable it to land in the middle of a busy city street, making it a perfect fit for medical tasks by greatly reducing the time it takes to arrive on-scene, treat and transport sick or injured patients to medical facilities.””（rban Aeronautics公司首席执行官Rafi Yoeli表示：“我们很高兴能与Hatzolah航空公司合作开发CityHawk飞行器。“它的小尺寸使它能够降落在繁忙的城市街道中间，大大缩短了到达现场、治疗和将生病或受伤的病人运送到医疗机构的时间，使它非常适合执行医疗任务。”）故可推知，Rafi Yoeli对“城市鹰”的发展持积极肯定的态度。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The development of the flying ambulance is expected to take up to five years but a model will be ready sooner. A flying ambulance may be coming to a city near you soon.”（飞行救护车的开发预计需要5年时间，但模型将很快准备就绪。一辆飞行救护车可能很快就会来到你附近的城市。）可知，从最后一段我们能推断出，“城市鹰”将在不久的将来投入使用。故选D项。
C
The city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders (蝾螈). From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced.
“Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders’ migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment,” said Kathleen Henry, Superior Watershed Partnership (SWP) special projects coordinator (协调员) and education specialist. The salamanders spend the cold winter under-ground. Then every spring, they make their way to the water where they lay eggs.
It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. “We would see thousands and thousands of salamanders crossing the street in just one night,” Bieri told the Detroit Free Press. “It was really amazing — until we see cars pass by and squish salamanders. That really troubled me — it kept me awake at night.” He enlisted the help of the SWP, who reached out to Marquette city officials. Last spring they got the relevant stretch of road within the park temporary closed to evening and overnight vehicular traffic.
In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses (尸体) in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. With that success demonstrated, city officials are doing the same this year. “The goal is to apply our science to wildlife management,” Bieri said. “To be able to see in-person the science applied to successful management practices was very satisfying.”
8. What’s the significance of protecting the salamanders?
A. Salamanders can offer great financial benefits to the governments.
B. Protecting salamanders can greatly reduce traffic accidents at night.
C. Salamanders are a great sign for our environment’s conditions.
D. Salamanders are main food for other living creatures near the sea.
9. What does the underlined word “squish” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Avoid. B. Kill. C. Feed. D. Ignore.
10. Which word can be used to describe the effect of protecting measure?
A. Successful. B. Concerning. C. Insufficient. D. Ridiculous.
11. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. What Salamanders Mean to Us
B. A Proper Way to Protect Our Earth
C Ways to Protect Salamanders
D. A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了密执安州的Marquette为了蝾螈而关闭夜间道路的情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Protecting the blue-spotted salamanders’ migration is vital, as they are an indicator species, informing us about the health of our environment. (保护蓝斑蝾螈迁徙是至关重要的，因为它们是一种指示物种，可以告知我们环境的健康状况)”可知，蝾螈是我们环境健康状况的体现者。故选C。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It was in 2018 that Eli Bieri, a former Northern Michigan University student, noticed vehicles were killing hundreds of these migrating salamanders. (2018年，前北密歇根大学学生Eli Bieri注意到车辆正在杀死数百只迁徙的蝾螈)”可知，此处讲述汽车经过时，会把一些蝾螈迁徙的蝾螈压死。由此可知，划线词squish与kill“杀死”意思接近。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2019, before the closure, they found 429 salamander carcasses (尸体) in the road. Last year, they counted only 3 carcasses. (2019年，在封城之前，他们在路上发现了429只蝾螈尸体。去年，他们只统计了3具尸体)”可知，施行道路阶段封闭后，蝾螈的死亡数量大大降低。由此推知，采取的保护措施是非常成功的。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The city of Marquette in Michigan is closing a section of a road to vehicular traffic every night to protect migrating salamanders (蝾螈). From 8 p. m. to 8 a. m. daily until April 15 or until the migration is completed, a section of Peter White Drive in Presque Isle Park will be closed, the city announced. (密歇根州的马奎特市每晚都会关闭一段道路，禁止车辆通行，以保护迁徙的蝾螈。该市宣布，从每天晚上8点到早上8点，直到4月15日，或者直到迁移完成，普雷斯克岛公园的彼得·怀特大道将关闭)”可知，本文主要介绍了为拯救蝾螈，政府所采取的夜里12小时道路为汽车关闭的措施。由此可知，A 12-Hour Closure for Wildlife(为野生动物封闭12小时)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
D
A study by a team of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) psychologists has found a link between extraverts (外向的人) and their word choices. The finding highlights the need for stronger linguistic indicators to be developed for use in online personality prediction tools, which are being rapidly adopted by companies to improve digital marketing strategies.
Today, marketing companies use predictive algorithms (算法) to help them forecast what consumers want based on their online behaviors. For example, an extravert consumer might be attracted to marketing messages that match their personality, and retail brands could then choose to target such consumers by using more extraverted and creative language to advertise their products. However, personality prediction tools available today that are used by marketing firms are not entirely accurate due to a lack of theoretically sound designs. This may lead to a weakness affecting the performance of the machine learning algorithms. This begs the question—how should we create robust and accurate personality predictions?
The study found a correlation between extraverts and their tendency to use certain categories of words. The results showed a small strength of relationship between extraversion and the use of “positive emotion words” and “social process words.”
Positive emotion words are defined as words that describe a pleasant emotional state, such as “love”, ”happy”, or “blessed”, or that indicate positivity or optimism, such as “beautiful” or “nice”. Social process words include words containing personal pronouns except “I”, and words showing social intentions, such as “meet”, “share” and “talk”.
Moving forward, the NTU research team will investigate the relationship between extraversion and other word categories. They hope their work will provide clarity on the types of words that can help guide the development of more accurate machine learning tools for personality prediction.
12. We learn from the passage the findings of the study can be used to help ______.
A. observe consumers’ behavior
B. forecast the need of companies
C. create practical personality predictions
D. find correlation between extraverts and ads
13. What does the underlined word “robust” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. Renewable. B. Forceful. C. Doubtful. D. Variable.
14. Which of the following words may belong to extraverts’ commonly used vocabulary?
A. Dispute. B. Interaction. C. Disaster. D. Loneliness.
15. What does the last paragraph focus on?
A. The direction of future research.
B. The theoretical basis of the study.
C. The strength of business strategies.
D. The development of machine learning tools.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现，外向者和他们的用词之间存在联系，这一发现突出表明，需要开发更强大的语言指标，用于在线个性预测工具，公司正在迅速采用这些工具来改进数字营销策略。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A study by a team of Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) psychologists has found a link between extraverts and their word choices. The finding highlights the need for stronger linguistic indicators to be developed for use in online personality prediction tools, which are being rapidly adopted by companies to improve digital marketing strategies.(新加坡南洋理工大学心理学家团队的一项研究发现，外向者和他们的用词之间存在联系。这一发现突出表明，需要开发更强大的语言指标，用于在线个性预测工具，公司正在迅速采用这些工具来改进数字营销策略)”可知，这项研究的发现可以用来做出实际的性格预测。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“However, personality prediction tools available today that are used by marketing firms are not entirely accurate due to a lack of theoretically sound designs.(然而，由于缺乏理论上合理的设计，如今营销公司使用的人格预测工具并不完全准确)”以及“This begs the question—how should we create robust and accurate personality predictions?(这就引出了一个问题——我们应该如何做出robust又准确的性格预测?)”可知，robust和accurate并列，为形容词，表达意思相近，根据前文推测如今营销公司使用的人格预测工具并不完全准确，所以此处表达“我们应该如何做出强有力而准确的性格预测”之意，robust意为“强有力的”之意，和B项“Forceful”意思相近。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The results showed a small strength of relationship between extraversion and the use of “positive emotion words” and “social process words.”(结果显示，外向性与“积极情绪词汇”和“社会过程词汇”的使用之间存在一定程度的关系)”以及第四段“Positive emotion words are defined as words that describe a pleasant emotional state, such as “love”, “happy”, or “blessed”, or that indicate positivity or optimism, such as “beautiful” or “nice”. Social process words include words containing personal pronouns except “I”, and words showing social intentions, such as “meet”, “share” and “talk”.(积极情绪词被定义为描述愉快情绪状态的词，如“爱”、“快乐”或“有福”，或表示积极或乐观的词，如“美丽”或“好看”。社会过程词包括除“我”外含有人称代词的词，以及表示社会意图的词，如“见面”、“分享”、“交谈”)”结合选线可知，B项“Interaction交互作用”是社会过程词，可能属于外向者的常用词汇。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Moving forward, the NTU research team will investigate the relationship between extraversion and other word categories. They hope their work will provide clarity on the types of words that can help guide the development of more accurate machine learning tools for personality prediction.(未来，南洋理工大学的研究团队将调查外向性和其他词汇类别之间的关系。他们希望他们的工作将澄清词语的类型，帮助指导开发更准确的机器学习工具，以进行性格预测)”可知，最后一段主要介绍南洋理工大学的研究团队未来的研究方向。故选A项。
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. ____16____However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, but it is so much sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2021). This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put it more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.
____17____The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. ____18____You have to stop having sweet drinks altogether.
Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods. ____19____They have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients (原料). Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation (适度) is key. The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing.
Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time when you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry. ____20____It will also allow you to enjoy your food more.
A. Processed foods often contain less nutrition.
B. Don’t let food become the centre of your life.
C. Eating a large amount of food each time is not necessary.
D Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks.
E. Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better.
F. In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts.
G. For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food.
【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍健康饮食的组成。
【16题详解】
根据前文“There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. (现在关于健康饮食的组成有很多争论)”以及后文“However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, but it is so much sugar. (然而，越来越多的证据表明，健康状况不佳的真正原因不是高脂肪食物，而是太多的糖)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由争论到具体的食物，所以G项“For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. (例如，科学家多年来一直坚持认为，健康的一大敌人是高脂肪食品)”符合文意，其中fatty food为同词复现。故选G项。
【17题详解】
分析设空，位于段首是本段的中心句，根据后文“The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone. (美国人平均1/3的糖来自甜味饮料)”可知，本段主要讲甜饮料中的糖分，所以D项“Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. (这些额外的糖分大部分来自于糖果和甜饮料)”符合文意，其中sweet drinks为同词复现。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文“The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. (美国心脏协会 (American Heart Association) 建议我们将自己每天摄入的糖控制在100-150卡路里以内，这比一罐甜饮料或一块糖果中通常含有的热量还要少)”以及后文“You have to stop having sweet drinks altogether. (你必须完全停止喝含糖饮料)”可知，此处是在讲应该要控制每天的糖摄入量，所以F项“In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts. (换句话说，如果你想要健康，你就得少吃甜点)”符合文意。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods. (除此之外，你可以通过食用不同种类的新鲜食物来保持健康，尤其是富含维生素和纤维的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品)”以及后文“They have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients. (它们比新鲜食材含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪)”可知，空处应是讲加工食品的坏处，所以A项“Processed foods often contain less nutrition. (加工过的食品通常营养含量较低)”符合文意，其中processed foods为同词复现。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据本段首句“Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. (最后，健康饮食的一个基本要素是细嚼慢咽)”可知，本段主要讲述健康饮食需要细嚼慢咽，所以E项“Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better. (细嚼慢咽也能让你的身体更好地消化食物)”符合本段主题，其中eat slowly为同词复现。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)
第一节 (共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Years ago, my sixth grade teacher had us write letters to our heroes. ___21___ others wrote to Nelson Mandela or Hillary Clinton, I wrote to Jennifer Cihi, a popular singer. We didn’t actually ___22___ the letters, so mine was ___23___ in my drawer.
In that ___24___ letter, I promised to devote my first ___25___ to Jennifer. Years later, I did become a writer, and did keep my ___26___. Jennifer was the prototype (原型) of the character of my first novel. But she was just a passing thought that faded ___27___ about five years later. Then, at age thirty-one, a social media meeting allowed me to ___28___ her. Later I sent my first Facebook message, ___29___ to tell her about the “story” between us.
I didn’t want to seem like a crazy fan. So I ___30___ said, “I want you to know that you ___31___ me to live the amazing life that I’ve led. I have written several books, been an actress, and now I am a ___32___. Thank you.” Without receiving an ___33___ reply, I soon forgot the matter. But two days later, my phone made a “ding” which ___34___ I got a new Facebook message.
It was from Jennifer. We ___35___ a few pleasantries(客套话)on Facebook. When I told her I was teaching at a unique school for kids with mental illness, Jennifer suddenly asked if we could talk ___36___ the phone.
During the conversation, we realized we ___37___ a passion for helping children with mental disorder. Later, we founded Mariposa, ___38___ support and education for kids with mental illness. And we were both ___39___ as presenters at the Mental Health America Annual Conference.
Jennifer Cihi, my early hero, ___40___ , acted as the person who encouraged me in my life.
21 A. Whether B. While C. Unless D. Once
22. A. write B. receive C. mail D. open
23. A. found out B. missed out C. piled up D. put away
24. A. fan B. business C. reminder D. introduction
25. A. letter B. book C. present D. song
26. A. secret B. balance C. word D. appointment
27. A. gradually B. suddenly C. generally D. quickly
28. A. comfort B. appreciate C. envy D. encounter
29. A. embarrassed B. thrilled C. astonished D. amused
30. A. eventually B. gently C. slowly D. merely
31. A. allowed B. expected C. inspired D. advised
32. A. teacher B. singer C. presenter D. supporter
33. A. instant B. consistent C. constant D. insistent
34. A. signaled B. declared C. explained D. marked
35. A. published B. discussed C. exchanged D. expressed
36. A. by B. in C. at D. on
37. A. shared B. formed C. needed D. promoted
38. A. controlling B. providing C. attracting D. demanding
39. A. described B. selected C. considered D. designed
40. A. however B. besides C. though D. again
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者儿时的偶像歌手Jennifer Cihi曾经激励作者过上了精彩的生活，又在作者成年后再次鼓励了作者的故事。
【21题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当其他人写信给纳尔逊·曼德拉或希拉里·克林顿时，我写信给流行歌手詹妮弗·齐希。A. Whether是否；B. While当……时候；C. Unless除非；D. Once一旦。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用while。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们并没有把信寄出去，所以我的信就放在我的抽屉里了。A. write写；B. receive收到；C. mail邮寄；D. open打开。根据后文“the letters”指邮寄信件，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们并没有把信寄出去，所以我的信就放在我的抽屉里了。A. found out找出；B. missed out错过；C. piled up堆积；D. put away放好。根据后文“in my drawer”可知，指把信放在抽屉里收好。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那封粉丝信中，我承诺要把我的第一本书献给詹妮弗。A. fan爱好者，粉丝；B. business生意；C. reminder提醒物；D. introduction介绍。根据后文“I didn’t want to seem like a crazy fan.”可知，这里指粉丝信。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那封粉丝信中，我承诺要把我的第一本书献给詹妮弗。A. letter信件；B. book书籍；C. present礼物；D. song歌曲。根据后文“I did become a writer”可知，作者成了作家，所以是第一本书。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我确实成为了一名作家，也确实遵守了我的诺言。A. secret秘密；B. balance平衡；C. word单词，话；D. appointment约会。根据后文“Jennifer was the prototype of the character of my first novel.(詹妮弗是我第一部小说中人物的原型)”可知，作者遵守了自己之前的诺言，短语keep one’s word表示“遵守诺言”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但她只是一个短暂的想法，在大约五年后逐渐消失。A. gradually逐渐地；B. suddenly突然；C. generally通常；D. quickly快速地。根据上文“But she was just a passing thought that faded”指想法短暂消失。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，在我31岁的时候，一次社交媒体会议让我遇到了她。A. comfort安慰；B. appreciate感激；C. envy羡慕；D. encounter遇见。根据上文“Then, at age thirty-one, a social media meeting allowed me to”可知，作者在社交媒体上再次遇到了自己喜欢的歌手。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，我在Facebook上发了第一条消息，兴奋地告诉她我们之间的“故事”。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. thrilled激动的，兴奋的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. amused被逗笑的。根据后文“to tell her about the “story” between us.”可知，作者遇到了自己喜欢的歌手，很兴奋，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我只是说：“我想让你知道，是你激励了我，让我过上了现在这样精彩的生活。”A. eventually最后；B. gently温和地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文“I didn’t want to seem like a crazy fan.(我不想看起来像个疯狂的粉丝)”可知，作者不想让自己看起来太过分，所以说的很少。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我只是说：“我想让你知道，是你激励了我，让我过上了现在这样精彩生活。”A. allowed允许；B. expected期待；C. inspired鼓舞；D. advised建议。根据后文“me to live the amazing life that I’ve led”可知，偶像激励了作者过上精彩的生活。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写过几本书，当过演员，现在我是一名教师。A. teacher老师；B. singer歌手；C. presenter主持人；D. supporter支持者。根据后文“I was teaching”可知，作者现在是老师。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于没有立即得到答复，我很快就把这件事忘了。A. instant立刻的；B. consistent一贯的；C. constant不断的；D. insistent坚持的。根据后文“I soon forgot the matter”可知，由于没有立即得到答复，作者很快就把这件事忘了。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但两天后，我的手机发出“叮”的一声，这表明我收到了一条新的Facebook消息。A. signaled示意，表明；B. declared宣布；C. explained解释；D. marked标记。根据上文“my phone made a “ding” which”可知，手机发出声音表明收到了新消息。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在Facebook上寒暄了几句。A. published出版；B. discussed讨论；C. exchanged交换；D. expressed表达。根据后文“a few pleasantries”指寒暄几句，应用exchange a few pleasantries。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉她我在一所专门为患有精神疾病的孩子开设的学校教书时，詹妮弗突然问我能不能和她通电话。A. by借助；B. in在里面；C. at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间）；D. on在上面。根据后文“the phone”指通电话，应用介词on。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在谈话中，我们意识到我们都热衷于帮助患有精神障碍的儿童。A. shared分享，共有；B. formed形成；C. needed需要；D. promoted促进。根据后文“a passion for helping children with mental disorder”可知，两人都热衷于帮助患有精神障碍的儿童，有共同的热情。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我们成立了Mariposa，为患有精神疾病的孩子提供支持和教育。A. controlling控制；B. providing提供；C. attracting吸引；D. demanding要求。根据后文“support and education for kids with mental illness”可知，Mariposa为患有精神疾病的孩子提供支持和教育。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都被选为美国心理健康年会上的演讲者。A. described描述；B. selected选择；C. considered考虑；D. designed设计。根据后文“presenters at the Mental Health America Annual Conference”可知，作者和偶像被选为美国心理健康年会上的演讲者。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jennifer Cihi，我早期的偶像，在我的生活中再次成为鼓励我的人。A. however然而；B. besides此外；C. though不过，然而；D. again再次。根据后文“acted as the person who encouraged me in my life.”以及上文“me to live the amazing life that I’ve led”可知，作者曾经的偶像再次激励了作者。故选D。

第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It all started with one half of a five-pound note. In June of 1936, two foreigners, George Hatem and Edgar Snow, checked into a hotel in Xi’an. They wanted to reach Yan’an, ____41____ city where the headquarters(总部)of the Chinese Red Army was located. They didn’t know how they could get there ____42____ a Chinese man showed up with one half of a five-pound note. The fact was that Hatem and Snow had the other half of the same five-pound note, ____43____ (give) to them as a secret key to visit Yan’an. So as the two halves ____44____ (piece) together, Hatem and Snow found the right person ____45____ (take) them to their destination. They were among the first foreigners to set foot in the headquarters of the Red Army. It was also this trip ____46____ enabled Snow to write Red Star Over China.
The trip’s impact on Hatem was equally profound if not ____47____ (deep). Their visit was originally set for three ____48____ (month), but near the end of the journey, Hatem decided to stay, and later ____49____ (serve) as a public health adviser. It was Hatem who introduced a group of international medical professionals including Norman Bethune to China. They supported China’s war efforts and helped to lay the foundation for a new public healthcare system.
In 1950, Hatem became the first foreigner to obtain a Chinese citizenship. He spent the rest of his life in China, ____50____ (devote) himself to the treatment of leprosy (麻风病) until his death in October 1998.
【答案】41. the
42. until 43. given
44. were pieced
45. to take
46. that 47. deeper
48. months 49. served
50. devoting
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了外国友人海特姆和斯诺的延安之行以及对中国做出的贡献。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们想要到达中国红军总部所在的城市，延安。此处特指中国红军所在的城市，故填the。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：直到一名中国男子带着半张五英镑的钞票出现，他们才知道自己是如何到达那里的。分析句子可知，空处填连词，根据句意和空格前的didn’t，可知用until“直到……才”引导时间状语从句，故填until。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：事实是，海特姆和斯诺得到了这张五英镑纸币的另一半，是访问延安的秘密钥匙。分析句子可知，此处give作定语，用非谓语动词形式，give与逻辑主语note是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填given。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：所以，当这两部分被拼在一起时，海特姆和斯诺找到了带他们去目的地的合适人选。分析句子可知，piece是谓语动词，与主语the two halves是被动关系，文章讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were pieced。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子可知，take作定语，修饰the right person，中心词由right修饰，用不定式作定语，故填to take。
【46题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：也正是这次旅行，让斯诺写出了《红星照耀中国》。分析句子可知，句子使用了强调句型：It is...that...，强调主语this trip，故填that。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这次旅行对海特姆的影响同样深远，如果不是更深的话。根据句意，此处使用if条件句的省略，表示“不是更深就是同样深远”，故填deeper。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的访问最初设定为三个月，但在旅程即将结束时，哈特姆决定留下来，后来担任公共卫生顾问。month是可数名词，由three修饰用复数，故填months。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。分析句子可知，serve作谓语动词，结合decided，可知讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填served。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他在中国度过了余生，直到1998年10月去世一直致力于麻风病的治疗。分析句子可知，devote作状语用非谓语动词，与主语he是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填devoting。
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Yesterday I stepped into a restaurant for lunch. As I was waiting my order to come, I noticed the old man in a wheelchair roll himself over to a table. No one and me seemed to notice him. I got up and go over to his table and asked if that I could get him something to drink. He smiled and said, “Thank you. You are generously. I’d like any orange juice, please.” When I was getting ready to leave, I walked by the old man’s table to saying goodbye. He thanked me again and told me I had made his days, coming over and helping him out. I gave him a hug and told him he had made my day, either.
【答案】1. waiting后面加for
2. the→an
3. besides→except/ but
4. go→went
5. 去掉if后面的that
6. generously→generous
7. any→some
8. saying→say
9. days→day
10. either→too
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。昨天作者走进一家餐馆吃午饭。他帮助了一位坐轮椅的老人，作者的帮忙不仅让老人很开心，也让自己很开心。
【详解】1. 考查动词短语。固定用法wait for sb./ sth.“等待某人或某事”。故waiting后面加for。
2. 考查冠词。此处第一次出现，表示泛指，old是以元音音素开头的词，应使用不定冠词an。故the→ an。
3. 考查介词。句意：除了我似乎没有人注意到他。besides“除了”，包括宾语在内，根据句意可知，此处应使用except或but。故besides改为except/ but。
4. 考查动词时态。此处与got up是并列谓语，应使用一般过去时。故go改为went。
5. 考查宾语从句。此处询问“是否我可以给他弄些饮料”，if引导宾语从句，that明显多余。故去掉if后面的that。
6. 考查形容词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁把。”此处是主系表结构，应使用形容词作表语。故generously改为generous。
7. 考查不定代词。句意：他笑着说，“谢谢，你很慷慨。请给我一些橙汁吧。”在肯定句中some表示一些；否定句中，用any。故any改为some。
8. 考查动词不定式。句意：当我准备离开时，我走到老人的桌前和他告别。此处用不定式表目的。故saying改为say。
9. 考查固定短语。固定短语：make one’s day“让某人高兴”。故days改为day。
10. 考查副词。either用于否定句表示“也”，too用于肯定句。故either改为too。
第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)
52. 假如你是李华，上周末去某个岛上游玩,看见很多可爱的动物，听岛上的一位老人说，现在动物的数量日渐减少，如果不采取措施，有些动物可能会灭绝。回来后，你给校报写信，就保护野生动物提出一些建议。
注意：
(1) 词数 100 左右；
(2) 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总次数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
Animals are our friends, which are very important to our world.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Animals are our friends, which are very important to our world. I’m writing to express my opinion on how to protect the animals on the island I visited last weekend. The animals there are lovely, but it’s said that the number of them is decreasing year by year. If measures aren’t taken, they will be in danger of extinction.
As far as I’m concerned, laws concerning animal protection should be made to punish those illegal hunters. Besides, it is advisable to set up natural reserves or refuges. There is no doubt that animals living in safe environments are more likely to survive and reproduce. What’s more, something should be done to raise people’s awareness of protecting animals.
To sum up, protecting animals is of great urgency and it is vital for us to take steps to protect them. Please help the poor animals. I am sure that they will survive with your help.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校报写信，就保护野生动物提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→point of view
提高：raise→promote

参观：visit→pay a visit to
重要的：vital→important
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：If measures aren’t taken, they will be in danger of extinction.
拓展句：If measures that can protect animals aren’t taken, they will be in danger of extinction.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Animals are our friends, which are very important to our world. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] There is no doubt that animals living in safe environments are more likely to survive and reproduce.(运用了that引导同位语从句)