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Unit5 Good manners 知识点总结课件 译林版英语八年级下册
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这是一份Unit5 Good manners 知识点总结课件 译林版英语八年级下册，共40页。
welcome to the unit1. manners (n) 【复数】礼貌，规矩① have good/ bad manners 有/没有礼貌② some table manners 餐桌礼仪It's bad manners to talk with your mouth full.2. cut in on others (cut-cut-cut)我们讲话时不要插嘴。Please don't ________ when we are talking.cut down (the trees) cut out with (scissors) cut sth into halves/pieces 将..切成片/块cut up 切碎，剁碎cut off 中断；停止cut in3. politely (adv) → polite (adj.) → impolite(adj.)① ask for help politely ② be polite to sb.③ It's polite/impolite to do sth.eg:他们是多么有礼貌的男孩啊What polite boys they are!在图书馆大声说话是不礼貌的。It's impolite to talk loudly in the library.你应该待他更礼貌些。You should deal with him more politely.4. litter ① 垃圾（不可数）② 丢垃圾▲collect the litter on the ground Don't drop litter everywhere.eg: 街上满是垃圾。The streets were full of litter.▲No littering.eg:他因乱扔垃圾而被罚款。He was fined for littering .5. run (v) 流动；奔跑；管理；行驶① Look！The tap is running.Turn it off.▲ keep /leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流 eg: 泪水顺着她脸颊淌下来。The tears ran down her cheeks.② run as fast as sb can 尽可能跑的快 run away 逃离 run into 跑进 run out of ....从..跑出去 run out to ... 跑到去 run out 用完 （= be used up）③ run a business 管理经营企业▲ run 还可以意为“运转”Eg：The buses in our city run evey ten minutes. 我们城市公交车每十分钟一趟。5. pick (vt) 采；摘① pick flowers/ strawberries/apples② pick up sth/sb. 捡起某物；中途接某人；偶然间学会 pick it/them/me up Eg: He picked up the letter and read it. He often picks his son up at 5 every day. I picked up some French during my stay in Paris.6. obey (obeyed/ obeys) ▲ obey traffic/school rules7. queue (v/n ) queued/ queuing① queue for tickets/ taxis 排队等出租车、票②stand in the queue ③ jump the queue 插队8. turn （v/n） ▲v. 转动；转动；变得（系动词）turn up/down/on/ off 开、关；调大、小turn around/turn into(change into..)turn to 翻到；求助（=ask sb. for help）turn over 翻转 turn left/right turn red/ brown/yellow/green▲n. ① wait for one's turn 等着轮到... by turns 轮流；交替 ② it's one's turn to do sth. 该轮到某人做.. ③ take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事Eg: We should take care of old man by turns.课文要点1. mean -meant-meant① mean doing sth. 意味着 mean to do sth. 打算做..② meaning(s)-- meaningful/ meaningless③ What's meaning of this word? What does this word mean? What do you mean by this word?▲ do something meaningful/ do meningful things.2. be/v. + adj./adv enough to do sth. 足够。。eg: He ran fast enough to catch the bus. The boy is strong enough to lift the heavy box.▲ be not adj. enough todo / be too +adj.(反)to doEg: The boy isn't old enough to join the army. The boy is too yound to join the army.▲too...to 还可以与so ...that 互换The boy is so young that he can't join the army.▲ have enough time/ money to do sth.3. I'm afraid not/ I'm afraid so.① I'm afraid that 句子② be afraid of sb/ sth. 害怕某人/某事③ be afrain to do sth. 害怕担心做某事Eg：Don't be afraid to ask questions. Some people are afraid of snakes. I'm afraid that I can't go to your party.4. else 另外；其他① 疑问词+ else who/ where/ what/when else② 不定代词+ else something else/ nobody else▲other (adj.) 其他的 other things= something elseothers' homework/ somebody else's homework5. somewhere/ nowhere/ anywhere.everywhere= here and there6. leave the tap running(= keep ... running)▲leave sb/ sth doing Don't leave/keep her waiting outside.▲ leave sth.+ adj./ 介词短语 使..处于某种状态leave the computer on leave the apple in the air▲leave-left(离开；剩余) ① leave for sp./ leave sp.② leave sth + sw. leave my bag on the bus7. keep quiet/ silent▲keep sb/ sth+ adj. keep sb. doing sth keep sb. from doing sth. keep (on ) doing sth.8. put sth back 将某物放回 put it/ them back▲ put out 扑灭 put up 搭建；张贴；举起put away 放好，摆好 put on 穿上 put off 推迟9. after doing sth./ after + 句子 after reading=after we read...10. discuss(v)----discussion(n)▲ discuss sth. with sb. discuss sth(= talk about) sth. discuss 疑问词+ to do ▲ have a discussion with sb be under discussionReading1. proper(adj.) →properly(adv.)→improper(adj.)Eg: Please put the things in the proper place.请把东西放置妥当。① use computers properly/ in a proper way正确的使用电脑② do sth in a proper way ③ We shouldn't do something improper in public.2.greet （vt） → greeting(s)①greet sb. with a kiss/ hug/smile 以亲吻、拥抱、微笑的方式和某人打招呼 ② greet each other 互相打招呼③ a friendly greeting 友好的问候3. shake one's hand (shake-shook-shaken) = shake hands with sb. ▲ shake one's shoulder/ head ▲ Shake the bottle before opening it. 打开瓶子前摇一摇。4. kiss (v/n) → kisses （pl/三单）① kiss sb. ② give sb. a kissEg: 男孩在上火车前与他的父母吻别。The boy ________ his parents before he got on the train.我问了这个婴儿一下。 I _______ the baby _______ _________.5. close (adj. / v./ )▲ close(adj.)---closer-closest →closely(adv) 紧密地kissedgavea kiss① close friends 密友 ② be close to sb./ sp 和某人关系近；离某地距离近（= near）Eg: After these team activities, all the atudents are much ______ to each other. 我们是亲密的朋友，我们无话不谈。这家书店离学校很近。▲ work closely with...与..紧密合作▲(vt) ---closed (adj.) 关闭的 → open （adj/v）①Close your book and look at the blackboard.②Keep your eyes closed and listen carefully.6. conversation (cn.) ---converse （v)closerWe are close friends and we talked nothing. The bookshop is close to the school.① have a conversation with sb. = have conversations with sb.② converse with sb. 与.. 交谈Eg： 你和他谈过了吗？7. avoid (v) ---avoided/advioded▲ advoid sth/ doing sth/ pron.Eg：他们不得不采取措施避免事故。他们避免在天黑后独自外出。8. subject. (n) 话题；学科；主语Eg： 爱与恨是这部小说的话题。Did you have a conversation with him?They had to take action to aviod the accident.They avoided going out alone after dark.数学和物理是他最喜爱的学科。找出下面句子的主语。9. behave --behaving/ behaved→behaviour(n)行为① behave like a true gentleman 举止像个真正的绅士② behave politely 举止礼貌③ good behaviours 良好行为10. public （adj/n） 民众，群体；公共的① the public 公众 be open to the public 对公众开发② in public 公开场合 make a speech in public 当众演讲③ public school/ in public places/ public holidaysLove and hate are the subject of the novel.Maths and physics are his favorite subjects.Find the subject in the following sentences.11. push (es)--- pull (反) 推；挤---拉① push in before others 插队；加塞（cut in）Eg： 在公共场合，插队是不礼貌的It's impolite to _____ _____ before others in public.② push the buttom 按按钮③push past sb. 从某人身边挤过去12. bump（n/v） 碰；撞① bump into/ against② 做名词“肿块；撞击声”Eg：我能听到楼上传来地巨大的撞击声。13. in one's /the way 挡路；挡道Eg：请把椅子拿走，它挡住了我的路。push inI can hear loud bumps from upstairs.Please move this chair. It's in my way.▲ way 相关短语：by the way 顺便问一下in some ways 在某种程度上on the/one's way to... 在去某地的路上the way(s) to do/ of doing sth. 做某事的方法(in) this/that way 用那种、这种方法lose one's way 迷路（= be/get lost）find one's way out 找到出路14. touch (n/v) ---touches/touched▲ “触摸” Don't touch the wet paint.▲ “感动；触动” The film really touched us. sb. be touched by...被感动、触动We are touched by the touching film.▲n. 联系；触觉 keep/stay in touch with sb. be out of touch with...失联15. excuse（n/v） 原谅；宽恕作名词“借口”时（发音为/s/）；作动词时，意为“原谅”。▲excuse me 劳驾；借光；打扰一下打扰了，你能告诉我现在几点了?▲“Excuse me.”是打扰别人时用的；“I am sorry.”是做错事或委拒别人的请求时用的。▲n. 借口；理由Eg： He made an excuse for his mistake. I'm tired of listening to his excuses.16. till/ until (conj./prep.)直到..为止 Eg：I will stay here till you get back. I didn't leave till the rain stopped.Excuse me , could you tell me the time？till 作连词，一般情况下可以和until 互换，但till一般不用于句首。not …until 直到…才17. as well as=with 也，还有 (谓语动词看前) （在句末as well = too）Eg： Lily as well as her parents ______(be) to the Great Wall many times.她会唱歌也会跳舞。as well一般不用否定句，通常放在句末either用于否定句，放在句末too 语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末。 also比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词。has beenShe can sing, ans she can dance as well.= She can sing, and she can dance, too.= She can sing , and she can also dance.as well as = withe.g. Jim 和他的妹妹都喜欢读书。 Jim likes reading. His sister likes reading too/as well. Both Jim and his sister ______ reading. Not only Jim but also his sister _______ reading. Jim with his sister __________ reading. Jim as well as his sister ______ reading. likelikeslikeslikes18. ▲ loudly(adv.)- more loudly-most loudly ▲ loud(adj/adv.)--louder--loudest ▲ aloud “出声；大声” 无比较、最高级①laugh/shout/talk loudly ②speak a bit louder/more loudly③read aloud19.Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 常言道, “入乡随俗。”▲ as you know / as we all know 正如你所知▲ Romans 罗马人（复） Rome（n.） 罗马All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。20. hit sb. by accident 偶然/意外撞着某人do sth. by accident/ chance 偶然做某事Grammar1. enough to do& too…to…▲ enough常构成如下句型：①主语＋be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.“某人／某物够……能……”。Eg: He is tall enough to reach the ball on the shelf. 他够高能够到架子上的球。② 否定式为“主语＋be not＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.”，意为“某人／某物（不）够……而（不）能”。Eg: The man isn't strong enough to carry the bag. 这个人不够强壮拿不动这个包。▲ too…to…：主语+be＋too＋形容词＋to do sth．意为“某人／某物太……而不能……”。 ▲ 有时我们需要在to do sth.的前面加上for someone，此时句中的动词必须为及物动词，若为不及物动词须再加上适当的介词。The text is too long for us to read.这篇课文太长我们读不了。(read是及物动词)The room is too small for us two to live in.这个房间太小我们两个人住不下。（live是不及物动词）▲“too＋形容词＋ to do sth.”可以和“not＋该形容词的反义词＋enough＋to do sth.”的结构转换。 The man is too weak to do the job. =The man isn't strong enough to do the job.这个人太瘦弱而不能做这项工作。▲“enough to”和“too…to…”结构均可以和“so…that…”结构转换。 The doctor is kind enough to help us. =The doctor is so kind that he will help us.这个医生很善良，他会帮助我们。Lucy is not careful enough to get high marks,=Lucy is too careless to get high marks.=Lucy is not so careful that she can't get high marks.露西不够细心，得不到高分。2. be busy with=be busy doing sth.They are busy with their homework.=They are busy doing their homework.3. join the discussion 参加讨论① discuss(v) : discuss sth. with sb. discuss what to do next.② discussion(n): have a discussion with sb. be under discussion4. express himself clearly▲ express sth. to sb./express oneself clearly▲ express （n）快递I sent the letter by express.我这封信寄的是快递。▲expression (n.) 表达；表情他把他的意思说得很清楚 He expressed himself clearly. 1. warn vt. &vi. 警告，告诫warn sb. not to do something警告某人不要做某事warn sb. about sth. 提醒、警告某人注意某事 wam sb. against (doing) sth 警告某人提防某事 He warned me not to do that. 他警告我不要那样做。He warned us about the serious situation.他提醒我们形势的严峻。They warned him against swimming in that river. 他们警告他不要到那个河里游泳。2. keep sb.from sth.“保护某人免受…….；阻止某人.....①Sunglasses can keep us from the sun. 太阳镜能使我们免受阳光照晒。②The rain kept us from going out. 雨天使我们不能外出。Integrated skills▲stop..…from doing../prevent...from doing.../keep...from doing... “阻止……做……”3.No parking禁止停车parking不可数名词，“停车”。parking lot 停车场 parking space停车位 free parking 免费停车（场）4.Why not?为什么不要?Why not..?“为什么不？”，其后跟动词原形=“Why don't/doesn't sb.do sth.?”表示劝说、建议某人去做某事。Your spoken English is poor.Why not join an English club?Why not come early?=Why don't you come early!你为什不早来？5. It says "No photos" 它上面写着“禁止拍照”“……的上面写着什么”中的“写”，翻译成汉语时不用write而用sayLook at the blackboard. It says“Keep quiet”， 看黑板。上面写着“保持安静”6. Here are some examples．这儿有几个例子。以here或there开头的句子常用倒装句式。以here或there开头的句子分部分倒装和全部倒装两种情况：主语是代词时用部分倒装，主语是名词时用全部倒装。--Can you lend me your book? 你能把书借给我吗？---Of course. Here you are．当然可以。给你。There comes the bus．汽车来了。7. in public places=in public8. explain oneself clearly explain sth. to sb. explain to sb. sth. Would you mind ________ (explain) the sentence to me?explainingstudy skills1. successful （adj.）→ success(n.)→ successfully▲successful形容词，“成功的”多作表语或定语。这 是一个成功的电脑游戏。It's a successful computer game.他很有成就。He is very successful.▲ unsuccessful 不成功的▲ do sth. successfully= manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth./ be successful in doing2. sometime(adv. )“在某时”，表示将来或过去的某个时候。玛丽将于下周某时来我们学校。Mary will come to our school sometime next week.3. soon after“不久以后”我们将很快就到。We shall arrive soon after. 他们在五月份相遇，不久以后就成为了好朋友。They met in May and became good friends soon after.4. risk(vt/ n. )①risk及物动词，“冒险做”，其后可跟名词或动词-ing形式。He risked losing his train to help me buy tickets.他冒着误火车的风险帮我买嘉。② risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 Can you risk your life to save people?你会冒着生命危险去救人吗?③ risk可数名词，“冒险，冒风险”。He likes to take a risk/ risks .他喜欢冒险。5. at one time“一度，同时，在过去某个时候”。You can borrow two books at one time.你能同时借两本书。6. no pain,no gain一分耕耘，一分收获①pain 不可数名词“痛，疼痛”have/ get a pain in the ...我脚疼。 I have a pain in my foot. ②gain名词，“收获，收益”，反义词loss“损失”。收获大于损失。The gain is greater than the loss.▲ gain lot of knowledge from...7. practice makes perfect 熟能生巧①practice名词，“练习；调练；实践”足够的练习能帮你提高类语水平Enough practice can help improve your English.你需要更多的训练。You need more practice. ②practice及物动词，“练习”，其后可跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。I often practice playing the piano after school放学后，我经常练习碎钢琴。practice 在英式英语中，其动词形式为practise；在美式英语中，其名同与动词形式均为practice。Task1. make sure“弄清楚，务必，确信”，接that引导的宾语从句，有时也与of/about连用。I make sure that I have turned the tap off. 我确信我已关上了水龙头。Please make sure of the time and place. 请弄清楚时间、地点。①be sure of/that...“对……有把握，确信”，主语是人。He is sure of success. =He is sure that he will succeed.他确信他会成功。②be sure to do sth 主语可以是人也可以是物，表示说话人的推测，有“一定，必然会”之意。He's sure to win. 他一定会赢。It is sure to rain. 天准会下雨。2. at the table“在桌子旁”，不一定在吃饭。 at table“在吃饭”，at+名词，表示状态。他经常在桌子旁看报纸。He often reads newspapers at the table.汤姆和他父母正在吃饭。Tom and his parents are at table now. 类似的用法还有：in bed睡觉，卧床 in the bed在床上go to school去上学 go to the school去学校go to church 做礼拜 go to the church去教堂3. hold a talk on good table manners.on介词，“关于”。4. above all“首先，首要的是”首先，食物是免费的。Above all,the food is free. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。Above all，make sure you keep in touch.首先，把苹果切碎。First of all，cut the apples up. 他毕竟是个孩子。 He is a child after all. 5. The/one’s purpose (of …) is to do sth. “..的目的是做.” on purpose 有意地；故意one’s job/hope/wish/dream is to do sth.他的工作是照顾 这些儿童。 His job is to look after these children.我的梦想是当一名作家。 My dream is to be/become a writer.6. take place 举行，发生 ▲ happen与take place“发生”，区别如下：happen 指偶然的、未能预见的情况发生； take place 指经过酝酿的事情的发生，并非偶然”公园前发生了一场事故。An accident happened in front of the park.在过去的五年里，我的家乡发生了巨变。Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past five years. ▲此外，take place还可以表示“举行”。如：The concert will take place next week. 7. eat with your mouth open 张着嘴吃东西 talk with food in your mouth 嘴里含着食物说话① with … + 形容词② with…+介词短语 可以表示“伴随的状况”e.g. 她喜欢关着窗子睡觉。She likes sleeping with the windows closed.Jim 腋下夹着一本书走进了教室。Jim came into the classroom with a book under his arm.8. when/while/after/before等接动词时用 V-ing 形式 e.g. 他有睡前看书的习惯。He has the habit of reading before ______ (go) to bed. b 完成作业后，他看了一会电视。He watched TV for a while after ________ (finish) his homework.goingfinishing
welcome to the unit1. manners (n) 【复数】礼貌，规矩① have good/ bad manners 有/没有礼貌② some table manners 餐桌礼仪It's bad manners to talk with your mouth full.2. cut in on others (cut-cut-cut)我们讲话时不要插嘴。Please don't ________ when we are talking.cut down (the trees) cut out with (scissors) cut sth into halves/pieces 将..切成片/块cut up 切碎，剁碎cut off 中断；停止cut in3. politely (adv) → polite (adj.) → impolite(adj.)① ask for help politely ② be polite to sb.③ It's polite/impolite to do sth.eg:他们是多么有礼貌的男孩啊What polite boys they are!在图书馆大声说话是不礼貌的。It's impolite to talk loudly in the library.你应该待他更礼貌些。You should deal with him more politely.4. litter ① 垃圾（不可数）② 丢垃圾▲collect the litter on the ground Don't drop litter everywhere.eg: 街上满是垃圾。The streets were full of litter.▲No littering.eg:他因乱扔垃圾而被罚款。He was fined for littering .5. run (v) 流动；奔跑；管理；行驶① Look！The tap is running.Turn it off.▲ keep /leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流 eg: 泪水顺着她脸颊淌下来。The tears ran down her cheeks.② run as fast as sb can 尽可能跑的快 run away 逃离 run into 跑进 run out of ....从..跑出去 run out to ... 跑到去 run out 用完 （= be used up）③ run a business 管理经营企业▲ run 还可以意为“运转”Eg：The buses in our city run evey ten minutes. 我们城市公交车每十分钟一趟。5. pick (vt) 采；摘① pick flowers/ strawberries/apples② pick up sth/sb. 捡起某物；中途接某人；偶然间学会 pick it/them/me up Eg: He picked up the letter and read it. He often picks his son up at 5 every day. I picked up some French during my stay in Paris.6. obey (obeyed/ obeys) ▲ obey traffic/school rules7. queue (v/n ) queued/ queuing① queue for tickets/ taxis 排队等出租车、票②stand in the queue ③ jump the queue 插队8. turn （v/n） ▲v. 转动；转动；变得（系动词）turn up/down/on/ off 开、关；调大、小turn around/turn into(change into..)turn to 翻到；求助（=ask sb. for help）turn over 翻转 turn left/right turn red/ brown/yellow/green▲n. ① wait for one's turn 等着轮到... by turns 轮流；交替 ② it's one's turn to do sth. 该轮到某人做.. ③ take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事Eg: We should take care of old man by turns.课文要点1. mean -meant-meant① mean doing sth. 意味着 mean to do sth. 打算做..② meaning(s)-- meaningful/ meaningless③ What's meaning of this word? What does this word mean? What do you mean by this word?▲ do something meaningful/ do meningful things.2. be/v. + adj./adv enough to do sth. 足够。。eg: He ran fast enough to catch the bus. The boy is strong enough to lift the heavy box.▲ be not adj. enough todo / be too +adj.(反)to doEg: The boy isn't old enough to join the army. The boy is too yound to join the army.▲too...to 还可以与so ...that 互换The boy is so young that he can't join the army.▲ have enough time/ money to do sth.3. I'm afraid not/ I'm afraid so.① I'm afraid that 句子② be afraid of sb/ sth. 害怕某人/某事③ be afrain to do sth. 害怕担心做某事Eg：Don't be afraid to ask questions. Some people are afraid of snakes. I'm afraid that I can't go to your party.4. else 另外；其他① 疑问词+ else who/ where/ what/when else② 不定代词+ else something else/ nobody else▲other (adj.) 其他的 other things= something elseothers' homework/ somebody else's homework5. somewhere/ nowhere/ anywhere.everywhere= here and there6. leave the tap running(= keep ... running)▲leave sb/ sth doing Don't leave/keep her waiting outside.▲ leave sth.+ adj./ 介词短语 使..处于某种状态leave the computer on leave the apple in the air▲leave-left(离开；剩余) ① leave for sp./ leave sp.② leave sth + sw. leave my bag on the bus7. keep quiet/ silent▲keep sb/ sth+ adj. keep sb. doing sth keep sb. from doing sth. keep (on ) doing sth.8. put sth back 将某物放回 put it/ them back▲ put out 扑灭 put up 搭建；张贴；举起put away 放好，摆好 put on 穿上 put off 推迟9. after doing sth./ after + 句子 after reading=after we read...10. discuss(v)----discussion(n)▲ discuss sth. with sb. discuss sth(= talk about) sth. discuss 疑问词+ to do ▲ have a discussion with sb be under discussionReading1. proper(adj.) →properly(adv.)→improper(adj.)Eg: Please put the things in the proper place.请把东西放置妥当。① use computers properly/ in a proper way正确的使用电脑② do sth in a proper way ③ We shouldn't do something improper in public.2.greet （vt） → greeting(s)①greet sb. with a kiss/ hug/smile 以亲吻、拥抱、微笑的方式和某人打招呼 ② greet each other 互相打招呼③ a friendly greeting 友好的问候3. shake one's hand (shake-shook-shaken) = shake hands with sb. ▲ shake one's shoulder/ head ▲ Shake the bottle before opening it. 打开瓶子前摇一摇。4. kiss (v/n) → kisses （pl/三单）① kiss sb. ② give sb. a kissEg: 男孩在上火车前与他的父母吻别。The boy ________ his parents before he got on the train.我问了这个婴儿一下。 I _______ the baby _______ _________.5. close (adj. / v./ )▲ close(adj.)---closer-closest →closely(adv) 紧密地kissedgavea kiss① close friends 密友 ② be close to sb./ sp 和某人关系近；离某地距离近（= near）Eg: After these team activities, all the atudents are much ______ to each other. 我们是亲密的朋友，我们无话不谈。这家书店离学校很近。▲ work closely with...与..紧密合作▲(vt) ---closed (adj.) 关闭的 → open （adj/v）①Close your book and look at the blackboard.②Keep your eyes closed and listen carefully.6. conversation (cn.) ---converse （v)closerWe are close friends and we talked nothing. The bookshop is close to the school.① have a conversation with sb. = have conversations with sb.② converse with sb. 与.. 交谈Eg： 你和他谈过了吗？7. avoid (v) ---avoided/advioded▲ advoid sth/ doing sth/ pron.Eg：他们不得不采取措施避免事故。他们避免在天黑后独自外出。8. subject. (n) 话题；学科；主语Eg： 爱与恨是这部小说的话题。Did you have a conversation with him?They had to take action to aviod the accident.They avoided going out alone after dark.数学和物理是他最喜爱的学科。找出下面句子的主语。9. behave --behaving/ behaved→behaviour(n)行为① behave like a true gentleman 举止像个真正的绅士② behave politely 举止礼貌③ good behaviours 良好行为10. public （adj/n） 民众，群体；公共的① the public 公众 be open to the public 对公众开发② in public 公开场合 make a speech in public 当众演讲③ public school/ in public places/ public holidaysLove and hate are the subject of the novel.Maths and physics are his favorite subjects.Find the subject in the following sentences.11. push (es)--- pull (反) 推；挤---拉① push in before others 插队；加塞（cut in）Eg： 在公共场合，插队是不礼貌的It's impolite to _____ _____ before others in public.② push the buttom 按按钮③push past sb. 从某人身边挤过去12. bump（n/v） 碰；撞① bump into/ against② 做名词“肿块；撞击声”Eg：我能听到楼上传来地巨大的撞击声。13. in one's /the way 挡路；挡道Eg：请把椅子拿走，它挡住了我的路。push inI can hear loud bumps from upstairs.Please move this chair. It's in my way.▲ way 相关短语：by the way 顺便问一下in some ways 在某种程度上on the/one's way to... 在去某地的路上the way(s) to do/ of doing sth. 做某事的方法(in) this/that way 用那种、这种方法lose one's way 迷路（= be/get lost）find one's way out 找到出路14. touch (n/v) ---touches/touched▲ “触摸” Don't touch the wet paint.▲ “感动；触动” The film really touched us. sb. be touched by...被感动、触动We are touched by the touching film.▲n. 联系；触觉 keep/stay in touch with sb. be out of touch with...失联15. excuse（n/v） 原谅；宽恕作名词“借口”时（发音为/s/）；作动词时，意为“原谅”。▲excuse me 劳驾；借光；打扰一下打扰了，你能告诉我现在几点了?▲“Excuse me.”是打扰别人时用的；“I am sorry.”是做错事或委拒别人的请求时用的。▲n. 借口；理由Eg： He made an excuse for his mistake. I'm tired of listening to his excuses.16. till/ until (conj./prep.)直到..为止 Eg：I will stay here till you get back. I didn't leave till the rain stopped.Excuse me , could you tell me the time？till 作连词，一般情况下可以和until 互换，但till一般不用于句首。not …until 直到…才17. as well as=with 也，还有 (谓语动词看前) （在句末as well = too）Eg： Lily as well as her parents ______(be) to the Great Wall many times.她会唱歌也会跳舞。as well一般不用否定句，通常放在句末either用于否定句，放在句末too 语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末。 also比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词。has beenShe can sing, ans she can dance as well.= She can sing, and she can dance, too.= She can sing , and she can also dance.as well as = withe.g. Jim 和他的妹妹都喜欢读书。 Jim likes reading. His sister likes reading too/as well. Both Jim and his sister ______ reading. Not only Jim but also his sister _______ reading. Jim with his sister __________ reading. Jim as well as his sister ______ reading. likelikeslikeslikes18. ▲ loudly(adv.)- more loudly-most loudly ▲ loud(adj/adv.)--louder--loudest ▲ aloud “出声；大声” 无比较、最高级①laugh/shout/talk loudly ②speak a bit louder/more loudly③read aloud19.Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” 常言道, “入乡随俗。”▲ as you know / as we all know 正如你所知▲ Romans 罗马人（复） Rome（n.） 罗马All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。20. hit sb. by accident 偶然/意外撞着某人do sth. by accident/ chance 偶然做某事Grammar1. enough to do& too…to…▲ enough常构成如下句型：①主语＋be＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.“某人／某物够……能……”。Eg: He is tall enough to reach the ball on the shelf. 他够高能够到架子上的球。② 否定式为“主语＋be not＋形容词＋enough＋to do sth.”，意为“某人／某物（不）够……而（不）能”。Eg: The man isn't strong enough to carry the bag. 这个人不够强壮拿不动这个包。▲ too…to…：主语+be＋too＋形容词＋to do sth．意为“某人／某物太……而不能……”。 ▲ 有时我们需要在to do sth.的前面加上for someone，此时句中的动词必须为及物动词，若为不及物动词须再加上适当的介词。The text is too long for us to read.这篇课文太长我们读不了。(read是及物动词)The room is too small for us two to live in.这个房间太小我们两个人住不下。（live是不及物动词）▲“too＋形容词＋ to do sth.”可以和“not＋该形容词的反义词＋enough＋to do sth.”的结构转换。 The man is too weak to do the job. =The man isn't strong enough to do the job.这个人太瘦弱而不能做这项工作。▲“enough to”和“too…to…”结构均可以和“so…that…”结构转换。 The doctor is kind enough to help us. =The doctor is so kind that he will help us.这个医生很善良，他会帮助我们。Lucy is not careful enough to get high marks,=Lucy is too careless to get high marks.=Lucy is not so careful that she can't get high marks.露西不够细心，得不到高分。2. be busy with=be busy doing sth.They are busy with their homework.=They are busy doing their homework.3. join the discussion 参加讨论① discuss(v) : discuss sth. with sb. discuss what to do next.② discussion(n): have a discussion with sb. be under discussion4. express himself clearly▲ express sth. to sb./express oneself clearly▲ express （n）快递I sent the letter by express.我这封信寄的是快递。▲expression (n.) 表达；表情他把他的意思说得很清楚 He expressed himself clearly. 1. warn vt. &vi. 警告，告诫warn sb. not to do something警告某人不要做某事warn sb. about sth. 提醒、警告某人注意某事 wam sb. against (doing) sth 警告某人提防某事 He warned me not to do that. 他警告我不要那样做。He warned us about the serious situation.他提醒我们形势的严峻。They warned him against swimming in that river. 他们警告他不要到那个河里游泳。2. keep sb.from sth.“保护某人免受…….；阻止某人.....①Sunglasses can keep us from the sun. 太阳镜能使我们免受阳光照晒。②The rain kept us from going out. 雨天使我们不能外出。Integrated skills▲stop..…from doing../prevent...from doing.../keep...from doing... “阻止……做……”3.No parking禁止停车parking不可数名词，“停车”。parking lot 停车场 parking space停车位 free parking 免费停车（场）4.Why not?为什么不要?Why not..?“为什么不？”，其后跟动词原形=“Why don't/doesn't sb.do sth.?”表示劝说、建议某人去做某事。Your spoken English is poor.Why not join an English club?Why not come early?=Why don't you come early!你为什不早来？5. It says "No photos" 它上面写着“禁止拍照”“……的上面写着什么”中的“写”，翻译成汉语时不用write而用sayLook at the blackboard. It says“Keep quiet”， 看黑板。上面写着“保持安静”6. Here are some examples．这儿有几个例子。以here或there开头的句子常用倒装句式。以here或there开头的句子分部分倒装和全部倒装两种情况：主语是代词时用部分倒装，主语是名词时用全部倒装。--Can you lend me your book? 你能把书借给我吗？---Of course. Here you are．当然可以。给你。There comes the bus．汽车来了。7. in public places=in public8. explain oneself clearly explain sth. to sb. explain to sb. sth. Would you mind ________ (explain) the sentence to me?explainingstudy skills1. successful （adj.）→ success(n.)→ successfully▲successful形容词，“成功的”多作表语或定语。这 是一个成功的电脑游戏。It's a successful computer game.他很有成就。He is very successful.▲ unsuccessful 不成功的▲ do sth. successfully= manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth./ be successful in doing2. sometime(adv. )“在某时”，表示将来或过去的某个时候。玛丽将于下周某时来我们学校。Mary will come to our school sometime next week.3. soon after“不久以后”我们将很快就到。We shall arrive soon after. 他们在五月份相遇，不久以后就成为了好朋友。They met in May and became good friends soon after.4. risk(vt/ n. )①risk及物动词，“冒险做”，其后可跟名词或动词-ing形式。He risked losing his train to help me buy tickets.他冒着误火车的风险帮我买嘉。② risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 Can you risk your life to save people?你会冒着生命危险去救人吗?③ risk可数名词，“冒险，冒风险”。He likes to take a risk/ risks .他喜欢冒险。5. at one time“一度，同时，在过去某个时候”。You can borrow two books at one time.你能同时借两本书。6. no pain,no gain一分耕耘，一分收获①pain 不可数名词“痛，疼痛”have/ get a pain in the ...我脚疼。 I have a pain in my foot. ②gain名词，“收获，收益”，反义词loss“损失”。收获大于损失。The gain is greater than the loss.▲ gain lot of knowledge from...7. practice makes perfect 熟能生巧①practice名词，“练习；调练；实践”足够的练习能帮你提高类语水平Enough practice can help improve your English.你需要更多的训练。You need more practice. ②practice及物动词，“练习”，其后可跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。I often practice playing the piano after school放学后，我经常练习碎钢琴。practice 在英式英语中，其动词形式为practise；在美式英语中，其名同与动词形式均为practice。Task1. make sure“弄清楚，务必，确信”，接that引导的宾语从句，有时也与of/about连用。I make sure that I have turned the tap off. 我确信我已关上了水龙头。Please make sure of the time and place. 请弄清楚时间、地点。①be sure of/that...“对……有把握，确信”，主语是人。He is sure of success. =He is sure that he will succeed.他确信他会成功。②be sure to do sth 主语可以是人也可以是物，表示说话人的推测，有“一定，必然会”之意。He's sure to win. 他一定会赢。It is sure to rain. 天准会下雨。2. at the table“在桌子旁”，不一定在吃饭。 at table“在吃饭”，at+名词，表示状态。他经常在桌子旁看报纸。He often reads newspapers at the table.汤姆和他父母正在吃饭。Tom and his parents are at table now. 类似的用法还有：in bed睡觉，卧床 in the bed在床上go to school去上学 go to the school去学校go to church 做礼拜 go to the church去教堂3. hold a talk on good table manners.on介词，“关于”。4. above all“首先，首要的是”首先，食物是免费的。Above all,the food is free. 首要的是，你们一定要保持联系。Above all，make sure you keep in touch.首先，把苹果切碎。First of all，cut the apples up. 他毕竟是个孩子。 He is a child after all. 5. The/one’s purpose (of …) is to do sth. “..的目的是做.” on purpose 有意地；故意one’s job/hope/wish/dream is to do sth.他的工作是照顾 这些儿童。 His job is to look after these children.我的梦想是当一名作家。 My dream is to be/become a writer.6. take place 举行，发生 ▲ happen与take place“发生”，区别如下：happen 指偶然的、未能预见的情况发生； take place 指经过酝酿的事情的发生，并非偶然”公园前发生了一场事故。An accident happened in front of the park.在过去的五年里，我的家乡发生了巨变。Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past five years. ▲此外，take place还可以表示“举行”。如：The concert will take place next week. 7. eat with your mouth open 张着嘴吃东西 talk with food in your mouth 嘴里含着食物说话① with … + 形容词② with…+介词短语 可以表示“伴随的状况”e.g. 她喜欢关着窗子睡觉。She likes sleeping with the windows closed.Jim 腋下夹着一本书走进了教室。Jim came into the classroom with a book under his arm.8. when/while/after/before等接动词时用 V-ing 形式 e.g. 他有睡前看书的习惯。He has the habit of reading before ______ (go) to bed. b 完成作业后，他看了一会电视。He watched TV for a while after ________ (finish) his homework.goingfinishing
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