英语（上海A卷）-2023年高考第二模拟考试卷（含听力）

学易金卷：2023年高考第二模拟考试卷 （上海A卷）

I.Listening Comprehension Section A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.  A. At5:15.    B.At5:45.   C.At6:00.   D.At7:00.

2. A. Unconcerned.   B. Surprised.   C. Doubtful.   D. Delighted.

3. A. He is rather disappointed.

B. He doesn’t care for a promotion.

C. He can’t accept the result.

D. He knows his own limitation.

4. A. She wants to get some sleep.

B. She is to prepare a presentation.

C. She is to attend a chemistry class.

D. She is troubled by her sleep problem.

5. A. Get more food and drinks.

B. Invite more people.

C. Tidy up the place.

D. Prepare for a party.

6. A. Lawyer.    B. Policeman.   C. Doctor.   D. Professor.

7. A. He wants to return the bookshelf.

B. He likes the design of his window.

C. He wants to get another solution.

D. He is reluctant to move the desk away.

8. A. Their play is hard to understand and perform.

B. Their play is inappropriate for the ceremony.

C. Something was wrong with the leading actress.

D. They had no intention of putting it on stage.

9. A. The plan for their holiday trip.    B. The feelings about their trip.

C. The weather of Hawaii.     D. Their wishes and dreams.

10. A. The program suits the woman best.

B. Long-distance calls will add cost to the charge.

C. The woman can make 200 free calls per month.

D. The program covers international phone calls.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. It is the most unlucky day in a year.

B. It is the busiest shopping day now.

C. It is the day after Thanksgiving.

D. It is the day before Christmas.

12. A. They check out the latest price reductions online.

   B. They look round for items in physical stores.

   C. They order the products from online stores.

   D. They wait in queue outside stores overnight.

13. A. 670 million dollars.    B. 100 million dollars.

   C. 25 billion dollars.     D. 20 billion dollars.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. All services will be personalized.

   B. More information will be available.

   C. Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.

   D. A multitude of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.

15. A. They charge high prices.

B. They need lots of training.

   C. They cater to the needs of young people.

   D. They focus on customers' specific needs.

16. A. The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next 20 years.

   B. The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.

   C. The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.

   D. The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. All students pay the same amount per year.

   B. Some students can get free meals at the cafeteria.

   C. Students can get money back for meals that they don’t eat.

   D. Students choose how many meals a week they will pay for.

18. A. They can help decide what will be on the menu.

   B. They receive cards that allow them to be served first.

   C. They can invite guests to have meals at a reduced price.

   D. They pay less per meal than those who don't always eat there.

19. A. Breakfast and dinner each weekday.  B. Lunch and supper each weekday.

   C. Breakfast and lunch each weekend.               D. Lunch and dinner each weekend.

20. A. By paying for meals one at a time.    B. By borrowing a student’s meal card.

   C. By ordering their meals in advance.    D. By buying a weekend meal card.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary   （每题1分；共20分）

Section A

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

For parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “ ____21____ you can handle the stress of college life.”

Freshmen are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study ____22____ reported students’ emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors ____23____ (offer) jobs.

Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student ____24____ know about stress.

First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes ____25____ brain researchers call “cortical inhibition (皮层抑制).” In simple terms, stress prevents a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can negatively affect other mental abilities as well.

Second, the human body doesn’t discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful experience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left ____26____ (uncheck), many things can occur within the body, including premature aging and energy drain.

Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negative feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this ____27____ your normal state. This then becomes the new norm (常态) for your emotional state.

Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion refocusing techniques. One technique ____28____ (involve) slowing your thoughts, breathing slowly, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive.

Finally, ____29____ (draw) to what you study can lessen stress. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed _____30_____ (seek) positive emotions such as love and joy. It’s suggested that you should choose a major or career path you love and enjoy. Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.  Each word can be used only once. Note that

there is one word more than you need.

Do you ever draw? Most of us don’t, and the reason we usually leave drawing to the artists is because we’re not very good at it. Who wants to do something they’re bad at? But maybe we should rethink this ____31____, especially since drawing has so many benefits, whether you are an artist or not.We should ____32____ this idea: What if drawing was just a low-stakes thing we did because we enjoyed it and it helped us see the world better?

“We have missed the significance of drawing because we see it as a ____33____ skill instead of a personal capacity,” writes design historian D．B．Dowd in his book, “Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice.” “This essential confusion has ____34____ our understanding of drawing and kept it from being seen as a tool for learning above all else.”

Here’s an example: You might enjoy eating at a restaurant that boasts an ____35____ chef, and you may also enjoy a great pasta dish you make at home. One doesn’t ____36____ the other; you can appreciate a meticulously assembled meal as much as a homemade one-they’re just different. The same is true for drawing.

Sitting (or standing!) with a pad and pencil, drawing something you see or imagine requires focus and a ____37____ quiet mind, something many of us are looking to cultivate. The first few minutes into the ____38____ might be a bit frustrating and distracting, but keep going. I’ve found that once I settle into it, I get better at the actual drawing part, and it’s more enjoyable. But especially if you aren’t used to drawing, you might be itching to run away and do something-anything-else at the start. To deal with your ____39____, give yourself a time limit. Set a timer for 20 minutes; that should give you enough time to put in a genuine effort and get to the point where your mind will quiet down. You can always keep going if you want, but that timer will at the very least allow you to take your mind off outside _____40_____.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Human beings have somehow managed to engineer the night to receive us by filling it with light. This kind of control is no different from the feat ( 壮 举 ) of damming a river. Its benefits come with____41____ — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. ____42____ lighting washes out the darkness of night, altering light levels and light rhythms to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have____43____. Wherever man-made light spills into the natural world, some aspects of life-migration, reproduction, feeding-is affected.

For most human history, the phrase “light pollution” would have____44____. Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. Nearly a million people lived there, ____45____ candles, torches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few houses were lit by gas, and there would be no public gaslights in the streets or squares for another seven years. From a few miles away, you would have been more likely to____46____ London than to see its dim collective glow.

We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) ____47____ country. As a matter of fact, among mammals (哺乳动物) alone, the number of species active at night is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being____48____ by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms, circling and circling in the thousands until they drop.

It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a____49____ view of the night sky for our work. _____50_____, like most other creatures, we do need darkness. _____51_____ darkness is pointless. It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as_____52_____ itself; the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. So fundamental are the regular rhythms of waking and sleep to our being that_____53_____ them is similar to altering our center of gravity.

In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to_____54_____ our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best_____55_____ against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the edge of our galaxy — arching overhead.

41．A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances

42．A．Randomly-designed B．Well-designed 

C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed

43．A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted

44．A．come under criticism B．made no difference 

C．come into effect   D．made no sense

45．A．making do with B．fed up with 

C．identifying with D．overflowing with

46．A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell

47．A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded

48．A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated

49．A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical

50．A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly

51．A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating

52．A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn

53．A．emerging from B．withdrawing from C．messing with D．coinciding with

54．A．keep track of B．lose sight of C．catch hold of D．let go of

55．A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised

Section B 

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

               A

Trust me — I am expedition doctor

Ever since I was a young child, I’ve had a taste for adventure, but I never imagined I’d be able to satisfy this passion at regular intervals because of my chosen career.

My work as an expedition (探险队) doctor has taken me all over the world. However, my favourite trips, and the ones in which I now specialize, are those involving mountains. Never do I feel more inspired by nature than when I look up at their towering peaks and begin to prepare myself mentally for the challenges ahead.

I trained as a doctor in the UK, but there was little in that training to prepare me for binding up a broken leg during a storm on the side of a mountain! In fact, I’d say that medical skills come some way down the list of job requirements, after endurance, flexibility, problem-solving and communication.

This kind of medicine is a million miles away from the controlled, germ-free environment of a hospital, and your medical kit basically consists of whatever you can carry, so you sometimes have to be prepared to improvise (即兴做). For example, I’ve learned that some drugs can be used for several conditions, and I’ve even had to resort to cutting branches off a small tree to make a stick to support a broken arm.

That isn’t to say that you can’t train to be an expedition doctor; on the contrary, there are some excellent courses available. Not only do they teach medical techniques, but also practical skills such as carrying out risk assessments, crossing rivers safely and using satellite phones. The first course I did included a session on expedition dentistry, though I must admit I still don’t like the idea of pulling out someone’s tooth!

I do most of my work for adventure holiday companies, travelling to remote places. When I started out, these holidays were quite rare, but they have become much more mainstream now that we’ve all seen celebrities climbing Kilimanjaro or watched reality shows about people surviving in jungles.

I do have mixed feelings about all these people with large amounts of disposable income coming to poor areas just for their own enjoyment, so I try to make sure that the companies I work for have high ethical standards and benefit the local communities. And of course, tourism provides employment, and also opens the eyes of rich visitors to the hardship that many people are forced to endure.

I realize that this kind of life isn’t for everyone, but I’d recommend that all doctors try it at least once, if only to make them appreciate the comforts of their usual working environment!

56．The author feels that he has been________.

A．obliged to choose his career B．lucky with his job

C．obsessed with his adventure D．inspired by his patients

57．According to the passage, what can be learned about medical skills for an expedition doctor?

A．They are less important than practical skills.

B．They are strictly required as the most important.

C．They are adequately attained in medical schools.

D．They are an underlying part of practical skills.

58．Why do expedition doctors sometimes have to use unusual techniques?

A．They keep their equipment in a backpack.

B．Things can happen that they don’t expect.

C．They don’t have the resources of a hospital.

D．They are required by the patients on the trip.

59．The author works for ethical companies because________.

A．they organise expeditions in the remote areas he enjoys visiting

B．they appreciate the comforts of the unusual working environments

C．he wants to make sure that his clients are safe at all times during the expedition

D．he feels uncomfortable about the difference between rich tourists and poor local people

B

Happy Village Project

What is Happy Village?

Our company develops and focuses on the regional “Happy Village Project” strategy to focus on villages rather than individual farmers. The philosophy of the Happy Village Project is to “heal and develop” by organizing the farmers and training them on growing and harvesting techniques which increase raw-material quality and meet the requirements of consumers being conscious of healthy diet. Today, there are more than 3,000 registered farmers, cultivating more than 11,000 hectares of land in more than 150 villages in our Happy Village Project.

In the agricultural project, small farmers get the tools, training and support they need to grow some of the finest produce on earth. Our team of experts trains, guides and monitors the registered farmers, using the latest techniques to ensure the highest level of quality and consistency of our eco-friendly and safe products.

What do we do at Happy Villages?

Our company experts do researches to choose the right district by recording the details of the fields and products and train farmers who are willing to learn about organic farming.

We draw maps of the fields in order to designate the field and also to prevent possible crosscontamination (交叉污染) risks which may come from the neighbor fields. In order to make sure farmers are practicing the organic regulations, our experts frequently and randomly visit registered farmers to follow up, guide and inspect. Our agriculture team is also involved in using “Early Warning Systems” in the fields, in order to minimize the risk of potential problems as well as taking samples from leaves, soil and fruit, in order to monitor the field throughout the year.

We also help entire villages flourish through our commitment to social responsibility by means of performing necessary activities to improve the socio-economic structure of the villages, like the needs and requirements of the children at school, improvement in workers’ buildings, providing water tanks during water crisis in the regions, and etc.

From our Happy Villages directly to your table!

Our happy Village products are grown, harvested and sun-dried in the fertile mountains. With the best soil and growing conditions, these all natural products are sweet and flavorful, with no artificial additives. They are a great choice for snacking or adding to your favorite recipes.

60．In Happy Village Project, the experts are expected to______.

A．engage in researches conducted in the field

B．train the registered farmers into agriculturists

C．advise on cultivating and harvesting products

D．improve the workers’ buildings and water tanks

61．We do the following at Happy Village EXCEPT ______.

A．take examples from leaves and soil to oversee the field

B．assign all the registered farmers to learn about organic farming

C．help improve the socio-economic structure of the community

D．help farmers prevent possible risks by mapping out the field

62．Who are the target readers of the passage?

A．Individual farmers.

B．Agricultural experts.

C．Ambitious policy-makers.

D．Health-conscious consumers.

C

Dental health: Brush with confidence

Children should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some People, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned.

But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.

The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.

To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.

Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci(the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect)to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel(a tooth’s hard, outer layer); or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.

Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.

Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines(肠道), so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.

63．What does“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?

A．Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.

B．Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.

C．Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.

D．Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.

64．Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out _______.

A．whether genes have anything to do with dental decay

B．which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teeth

C．what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decay

D．why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth

65．Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?

A．Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.

B．The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.

C．The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.

D．Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.

66．What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.

B．What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.

C．Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.

D．Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Nonverbal communication is the process of sending and receiving messages without using words, either spoken or written. Similar to the way that italicizing (斜体) emphasizes written language, nonverbal behavior may emphasize parts of a verbal message.

___67___ For instance, in “The Advancement of Learning” (1605), Francis Bacon observed that “the features of the body do reveal the tendency and inclination of the mind in general, but the motions of the facial expressions and parts do not only so, but do further reveal the present humour and state of the mind and will.”

Psychologists Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen (1969), in discussing the interdependence that exists between nonverbal and verbal messages, identified six important ways that nonverbal communication directly affects our verbal messages. First, we can use nonverbal signals to emphasize our words. ___68___ Second, our nonverbal behavior can repeat what we say. We can say yes to someone while nodding our head. Third, nonverbal signals can substitute for words. Often, there isn’t much need to put things in words. A simple gesture is enough. Fourth, we can use nonverbal signals to regulate speech.  ___69___ Fifth, nonverbal messages sometimes contradict (与…矛盾) what we say. A friend tells us she had a great time at the beach, but we’re not sure because her voice is flat and her face lacks emotion.  ___70___ Being upset could mean we feel angry, depressed, disappointed, or just a bit on edge. Nonverbal signals can help to make clear the words we use and reveal the true nature of our feelings.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Why true happiness isn't about being happy all the time

Over the past two decades, the positive psychology movement has brightened up psychological research with its science of happiness and human potential. It argues that psychologists should not only investigate mental illness but also what makes life worth living.

The founding father of positive psychology, Martin Seligman, describes happiness as experiencing frequent positive emotions, such as joy, excitement and satisfaction, combined with deeper feelings of meaning and purpose. It implies a positive attitude in the present and an optimistic outlook for the future. Importantly, happiness experts have argued that happiness is not a stable ,unchangeable feature but something flexible that we can work on and eventually strive towards.

Recent research indicates that psychological flexibility is the key to greater happiness and well-being.For example,being open to emotional experiences and the ability to endure periods of discomfort can allow us to move towards a richer, more meaningful existence. Studies have also demonstrated that the way we respond to the circumstances of our lives has more influence on our happiness than the events themselves. Experiencing stress, sadness and anxiety in the short term doesn't mean we can't be happy in the long term. Putting up with sorrow can make us tougher and lead us to take action in our lives, such as changing jobs or overcoming hardship. Often when people have faced difficulty, illness or loss, they describe their lives as happier and more meaningful as a result.

Unlike feeling happy, which is a temporary state, leading a happier life is about individual growth through finding meaning. It is about accepting our humanity with all its ups and downs, enjoying the positive emotions, and making use of painful feelings in order to reach our full potential.

71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72．与其说成功靠运气不如说靠辛勤努力。(as...as)

73．如果我们带的燃料不够支撑一整晚怎么办？(What if)

74．我正在欣赏窗外的美景，突然，一个拄着拐杖的老爷爷吸引了我的注意力。(when)

75．这本科幻小说的结局使读者领悟到，如若继续忽视对自然平衡的保护，人类终将自食其果。(awaken)

VI.Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

学校旁边的小区近日和学校沟通， 希望能够在工作日非教学时段和周末全天开放学校内闲置的停车位以帮助缓解小区内停车难的问题。校物业希望听取师生的意见和建议， 如果你是该校学生王梓，请你给物业写一封邮件，谈谈你的看法和理由。

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