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Unit 4【知识梳理】——2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册单元综合复习
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这是一份Unit 4【知识梳理】——2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册单元综合复习，共56页。PPT课件主要包含了 语法大通关， 直击重难点 ，touched， 他正靠墙站着，与尺寸一样，与年龄一样，as big as，as old as，书面表达，when等内容，欢迎下载使用。
readckingnvelGermanyknwledgespareFrenchwriteruglytuch
n. 读物n. 烹饪，烹调n. 小说n. 德国n. 知识adj. 空闲的；多余的adj. 法国（人）的n. 作者，作家adj. 丑陋的vt. 感动，触动
againstbe tired uttieverstmachuntilfingertinyfall ver
prep. 紧靠，碰，撞筋疲力尽vt. 捆，绑prep. 从一边到另一边n. 腹部；胃cnj. 直到……为止n. 手指adj. 极小的摔倒
cntinueeithermanageliftarmymust unableshulder
vt. & vi. 继续adv. 也vt. & vi. 设法完成；管理vt. 举起，抬高；提高n. 大批，大群mdal v. 应该，必须；一定adj. 不能的，不会的n. 肩膀
1. crash against the rcks 2. swim as far as ne can / pssible 3. by the time 4. feel the land under my feet 5. be tired ut 6. fall dwn n the beach
冲撞到了岩石奋力向远处游到……的时候感觉到陆地在我的脚下, 感觉我的脚着地了筋疲力尽倒在沙滩上
7. g t sleep 8. wake up 9. be tied t the grund 10. feel smething n my leg 11. mve up ver my stmach and neck 12. (be) the same size as….
入睡/睡着醒来被拴在地上 感觉腿上有东西在我肚子和脖子上向上移动与……大小相同
13. start climbing all ver me 14. shut at them 15. make them all fall ver 16. get up again 17. cntinue mving acrss my bdy
开始爬遍我（身体）朝他们大叫把他们都震倒再次站立继续在我身上移动
18. a huge army f
19. cntinue ding sth.
20. manage t d sth.
1. 阅读习惯2. 花费时间/金钱做某事3. 不同种类的书4. 在工作日5. 对… …感兴趣6. 中国四大古典小说
reading habitsspend time/mney ding sth.different types f bks n weekdays be interested inthe fur great classical Chinese nvels
7. 在我家对面8. 给我许多书籍方面的建议9.讨论读什么10.帮助我在忙碌的一天后放松11.为我开启一个全新的世界
ppsite my hme give me lts f advice n bksdiscuss what t readhelp me relax after a busy daypen up a whle new wrld t me
一、定义 由两部分构成∶疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+t d）。疑问词部分包括疑问代词wh， whm， what， which和whse以及疑问副词when， where和hw。此外，连接词“whether”也适用。它主要具有以下几种功能∶①当主语 例如∶ When t hld the meeting has nt been decided. Where t camp is a prblem.
②当宾语 常接在frget，find ut，discuss， decide，tell， teach，knw，learn， wnder，remember等动词之后作宾语 例如∶ We must knw what t take ntes at a meeting. He culd nt tell whm t talk. D yu knw hw t use the camera?③当表语 例如∶ The prblem is where t find the pet dg The questin is wh t help.
④当名词同位语 例如∶ Tm had n idea which bk t chse at the bkstre. The questin whether t study abrad trubled the girl.⑤用于宾语补足语，双重宾语。 某些动词后可接"sb.+ 疑问词 + 不定式"构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise， ask， shw， teach，tell等 例如∶ I can tell yu where t get this kind f flwer. I ask her hw t imprve spken English. He will advise yu what t d fr the cmpetitin. Will yu shw me hw t drive the new car?
作介词宾语 某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有 abut，as， frm， in， f， n， with等。 例如∶ He has n idea f hw t answer this questin. Dick had nly 20 yuan with which t buy his mther a present. （which是关系代词）Yu have a number f tpics frm which t chse. 你有很多题目可以选择。（which是关系代词）
二、用法∶特殊疑问词十动词不定式"这种结构可以把复合句转为简单句。 例如∶I dn't knw what I’ll d next.=I dn't knw what t d next. The dctr tld him when he shuld take the medicine. = The dctr tld him when t take the medicine. 同样，因为"特殊疑问词十动词不定式"这种结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以可用同等成分的从句代替，从而把简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语即可。 例如：Which t chse is imprtant.= Which we shuld chse is imprtant. The questin is where t g.=The questin is where we shuld g.
三、按照英语语法的习惯，疑问副词why 后不直接跟动词不定式 误∶I dn't knw why t chse that bag. 正∶ I dn't knw why yu must chse that bag. 但它可以接不带t的动词不定式，即动词原形，构成why d sth./ why nt d sth. 肯定形式是表示某动作是不必要的或没有意义的，而否定形式是表示向某人提建议和表达看法，相当于祈使句。 例如∶Tday is Sunday. Why nt g bating? Why take a taxi? We can get there in five minutes.
完成下列句子。1.I dn't knw what t say at the meeting（在会上说什么）. 2.Can yu tell me where t buy this bk（在哪里能买到这本书）?3.When and where t hld the meeting（在何时何地召开这会议）hasn't been decided yet.
用hw， which，what， when， where填空。1.When I g int the bakery, I always can't decide which ne t buy. 2.My grandmther desn't knw hw t use a cmputer. 3.--Will yu please shw me hw t srt the garbage? -- Yes, f curse. Nw let me tell yu what t d first. 4.I will tell yu when and where t meet later.
情态动词must和have t都有"必须"的含义，它们的用法如下∶ （一）must"必须"、"应该"的用法∶ 1. must 表示"必须"、"应该"。 表示的是说话人的主观看法 例如∶ We must prtect ur envirnment. Everyne must fllw the rules in the library. 2. must的否定形式must nt表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。 例如：Yu mustn't play with fire. Yu mustn't be late fr schl.
must与have t
（二）have t表示“必须”、“不得不”, 表示的是客观需要。 例如∶He has t stay at hme fr 3 r 4 days. We will have t get up early tmrrw.
3. 在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式用needn't 或dn't have t来回答。而不用mustn't来回答。 例如∶--Must I finish my hmewrk befre 8 'clck? --N, yu needn't./N, yu dn't have t. --Yes, yu must.
(三) must一般只有现在时，而have t有更多的形式。 例如∶I must g nw. He must stay at hme. His mther is ill, s he has t lk after her. It was late. The girl had t g hme.
你是怎样处置那台旧电脑的?What did yu d with that ld cmputer?我不知道怎么处理这个问题。I dn’t knw hw t deal with the prblem.
1.d with 对付，处理=deal with 在特殊疑问句中：d with 与what搭配deal with 与hw搭配
Sme teenagers dn’t knw hw t ________wrries.They can ask their teachers and parents fr help.A:belng t B:deal withC:call inD:d with
属于对付，处理短暂来访，打电话对付，处理
2.Germany 名词，德国 German 德国人，德语（复数+s） adj：German 德国的，德语的Are all yur friends frm ______?N, nly 2 are ________. The thers are frm ther cuntries.A:Germany,Germen B:Germany,GermansC:German,Germans D:German,Germany
3.knwledge 知识，不可数名词 have a knwledge f...了解... 她对中国历史了解很深She has a wide knwledge f Chinese histry.获得知识：get knwledge 不能用learn
4.spare 形容词：空闲的，多余的=freein ne’s spare time 在某人空闲的时间你在业余时间做什么？What d yu d in yur spare time?动词：留出，匀出Please spare me a minute t talk t yu.
5.tuch:动词，感动，触动The her’s speech__________(感动) all the audience yesterday.adj:tuching 动人的，感人的 修饰物 tuched 受感动的 修饰人We were tuched at the tuching stry.2.触摸，碰
6. against 介词 “紧靠；碰，撞”
He is standing against the wall.
2) 他的自行车撞到岩石上，伤了腿。
His bike crashed against the rck, s he hurt his leg.
against 介词 “反对, 违反”
1) 别做任何违法的事。
Dn’t d anything against the law.
2) 你反对还是赞成这个计划?
Are yu against r fr the plan?
7. be tied t 被绑/栓在…
They were tied t a tree.
They were tied t the chairs.
那匹马被拴在大树上。The hrse ____ ____ ____ a big tree.2.小树苗应该绑在棍子上。The yung trees _______ ____ ____ __sme sticks.
was tied t
shuld be tied t
8. He was the same size as my little finger! the same +名词+ as…“与…一样…”
the same size as
the same age as
我的自行车的颜色和我妹妹的一样。My bike is the same clur as my sister’s.
cntinue ding sth.
在吵闹声中他每天继续工作着。
He with the nise every day.
这场雨整整一个下午都下个不停。
wrking/t wrk
cntinued falling/t fall
The rain all afternn.
cntinue t d sth.
manage sth.
manage t d sth.
He (管理) the cmpanyfr tw years.
你是怎么到达那里的？
Hw did yu get there?
manage t
10. manage 设法完成；管理
11.s far =up t nw=until nw 到目前为止若s far强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，用现在完成时。S far there has been n bad news.若s far不强调动作从过去持续到现在，侧重于描述客观现象，用一般现在时。S far,it is nly talk.
12. a great successsuccess此处用作可数名词，意为"成功的人或事"，success也可作不可数名词，意为"成功"，其反义词为failure"失败" 例如∶ The meeting is a success.①succeed用作不及物动词，意为"成功"，后常跟in ding sth. 例如∶ He succeeded as a dctr. ②successful形容词，意为"成功的" 例如∶ My uncle is a successful businessman. ③successfully副词，意为"成功地" 例如∶ If yu wrk hard，yu will get it successfully.
13.cpy 名词：一本，副本复数：cpies 同一种书的许多册 ，常跟f 搭配He was reading a cpy f the daily newspaper.他正在读一份日报。动词：抄写，模仿，复制cpy the letter 抄写信
14.at a time 每次，依次常用“数词+at a time” 一次几个at ne time 过去某一时期，一度 ，曾经=nce常用过去式At ne time I liked her,but nt any mre nw.
15. because用作连词，意为"因为" 例如∶ He didn't cme because he was sick.
辨析∶because，as与since
例如∶ I was late because I was stuck n the rad. As yu were busy, I’ll finish the husewrk by myself. Since everyne is here, let's begin ur meeting.
16. His stry gave me a lt f cnfidence. cnfidence 不可数名词，意为“信心”。 have cnfidence in 意为“对有信心”。 例如∶Dn't be nervus. Yu shuld have cnfidence in yurself. cnfident形容词，意为“自信的，有信心的”常用作定语或表语。 be cnfident f 意为“对充满信心” 例如∶We’re cnfident f the game.
17. experienceI als want t travel and have exciting experiences in the future. experience在此作可数名词，意为"经历" 例如∶ He has a lt f travelling experiences. A、experience在此用作不可数名词，意为"经验"。表示做某事的经验时，其后常接in/f ding sth. 例如∶ Our English teacher has s much experience in teaching. B、experience还可作及物动词，意为"体验，经历" 例如∶ The girl has never experienced a natural disaster. C、experienced形容词，意为"有经验的" 例如∶ My father is an experienced dctr.
翻译句子1.她想知道和谁去谈论这本书。_______________________________________________________________________2.我们已经给她看接下来要做什么。_______________________________________________________________________3.他们正在讨论要带多少钱。_______________________________________________________________________4.无论如何，你应该知道在写读书报告前要看一些相关的评论。_______________________________________________________________________5.我们必须在图书馆里保持安静。_______________________________________________________________________
1. She wnders wh t talk abut the bk. 2.We have already shwed her what t d next. 3.They are discussing hw much mney t , yu shuld read sme reviews befre writing the bk reprt. 5.We must keep quiet in the library.
19. advice 不可数名词，意为“建议，忠告，劝告” 。 ask sb. fr advice 向某人征求意见 give sb. sme advice n sth. 给某人一些关于……的建议I asked the teacher fr her advice. 我征求了老师的意见Culd yu give me sme advice n my plan? 你能就我的计划给点儿建议吗？ He gave me a piece f advice n hw t learn Maths well. 他就如何学好数学给我提了一条建议。 【拓展】advise 动词，意为“建议” advise sb. t d sth.建议某人做某事
20. ppsite ①介词，意为“在……对面, 与……相反”。 The pst ffice is ppsite the bank. 邮局在银行对面。②名词，对立的人(或物) Australian seasns are the ppsite f urs. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。③形容词，意为“对面的，相反的”。The shp is n the ppsite side f the street.商店在街道的对面。
1．（2021·湖北省直辖县级单位·统考中考真题）Thank yu fr yur ________. I guess I will take it.A．visitB．adviceC．habitD．interview【答案】B【详解】句意：谢谢你的建议。我想我会接受。visit拜访；advice建议；habit习惯；interview采访。根据“I guess I will take it.”可知，此处是take ne’s advice“接受某人的建议”，故选B。2．（2022春·江苏无锡·八年级校联考期中）—Daniel, d yu knw ________ the rubbish?—N, it is ________.A．what t deal with; easy enugh fr me t cleanB．what t d with; t much fr me t cleanC．hw t d with; t much fr me t clean D．hw t deal with; easy enugh fr me t clean it【答案】B【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你知道怎么处理垃圾吗？——不，这对我来说有太多（垃圾）要清理。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。deal with和d with都可表示“处理、对付”，deal with常和hw连用，d with常和what连用，则可先排除AC选项。其次根据“N”可知处理垃圾对丹尼尔来说太多了。故选B。
3．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）We wuld like t buy electric cars ________ they prduce less air pllutin.A．becauseB．sC．thughD．but【答案】A【详解】句意：我们想买电动汽车，因为它们产生的空气污染更少。because因为；s因此；thugh尽管；but但是。上文“想买电动汽车”和下文“电动汽车产生较少空气污染”之间是因果关系，前者是结果，后者表原因，故用because连接。故选A。4．（2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）I lve ging t schl _____ everyne in my class is friendly.A．befreB．althughC．becauseD．unless【答案】C【详解】句意：我喜欢去上学，因为我班级的每个人都很友好。befre在……之前；althugh尽管；because因为；unless除非。“我班级的每个人都很友好”是解释喜欢去上学的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
5．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）Safety cmes first. Everyne n the cach ________ wear the seat belt.A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn`t【答案】C【详解】句意：安全第一。车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。考查情态动词。can能，可以；can’t不能，不会；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不能。根据“Safety cmes first”和“wear the seat belt”可知，安全最重要，故必须系好安全带。故选C。6．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）We shuld learn sme basic life skills since we ________ depend n urselves sme day.A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn’t【答案】C【详解】句意：既然有一天我们必须要依靠自己，我们就应该学习一些基本的生活技能。考查情态动词。can可以；can’t不会，不可以；must必须；mustn’t不能，不可以。根据“depend n urselves sme day”可知将来有一天我们必须要依靠自己。“必须”用情态动词must。故选C。
7．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Miss Li. I dn’t want t say srry t Daniel. —I’m afraid yu ________. After all, yu brke his glasses.A．mayB．have tC．mustn’tD．needn’t【答案】B句意：——李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟，你打破碎了他的眼镜。may可能；have t必须；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“After all, yu brke his glasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉，故选B。8．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Alex, cme dwn t play ftball. —I can’t. Mm said I ________ clean my bedrm befre ding anything else.A．had tB．willC．used tD．can【答案】A句意：——Alex，下来踢足球吧。——我不能去。妈妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室had t不得不；will将；used t d过去常常做某事；can能够。根据“Mm said I… clean my bedrm befre ding anything else”可知，妈妈要求做其他事情之前必须先打扫卧室，故选A。
9．（2022春·江苏无锡·八年级校联考期中改编）It is impssible fr peple in Wuhan t win the fight ______ NCP withut the help f dctrs and nurses frm all ver ur cuntry.A．frB．withC． against D．in【答案】C【详解】句意：没有全国各地的医生和护士的帮助，对于武汉人来说抗击新冠疫情是不可能的。故选C。10．（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末改编）—If yu are abrad, I will strngly advise yu ______ ging ut at night n yur wn.A．frB．withC． against D．in【答案】C【详解】句意：——如果你在国外，我会强烈建议你晚上不要独自外出。故选C。
11．（2022·扬州）________ the peple lcked inside, the firemen brke dwn the dr. A．ReachB．T reachC．ReachingD．T reachingB【解析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。分析句子可知the peple lcked inside，的目的是the firemen brke dwn the dr。作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意识记非谓语动词的用法。12．（2022·重庆）Mr. Brwn tld his sn nt __________ the paintings in the museum. A．tuchB．t tuchC．tuchingD．tuchedB【解析】句意： 布朗先生告诉他的儿子不要碰博物馆里的画。 tell sb nt t d sth，告诉某人不要做某事，固定搭配。故选B。【点评】考查动词不定式，注意固定搭配tell sb nt t d sth的用法。
13．（2020·甘孜）He felt tired, s he stpped _____________ a rest under the tree. A．havingB．haveC．t haveC【解析】句意：他感到累了，所以他停下来在树下休息。stp ding sth，停止做某事，stp t d sth，停下来去做某事。根据题干中“He felt tired”可知是停下来去休息，故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意stp t d的用法。14．（2020·天津）I've just watched a TV prgramme abut space. I hpe ____ n the mn ne day. A．walkB．walkedC．walkingD．t walkD【解析】句意：我刚看了一个关于太空的电视节目，我希望有一天我们可以在月球上行走。考查动词不定式。walk动词原形；walked动词的过去式/过去分词；walking动名词/现在分词；t walk动词不定式。表示“希望做某事”用hpe t d；此处用t walk作宾语。故选D。【点评】考查动词不定式，注意固定搭配hpe t d sth.的用法。
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 1
Hw t write a reprt
hw much time
what (favurite type)
My reading habits
I lve reading.
I like reading very much.
I enjy reading.
I am crazy abut reading bks.
I am interested in reading.
I am fnd f reading.
tpic sentence
Hw t write a gd reprt
阅读使人明智，阅读使人充实。某英文报为了了解中学生课外阅读情况，向广大中学生做调查，请根据下面图表信息写一篇短文，介绍课外阅读的益处、你的课外阅读情况及你的阅读计划。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。Reading Outside ClassAs we all knw, Reading has a lt f benefits. _____________________________________________________________________________________________
读前分析：这是一篇给材料作文，介绍自己课外阅读的益处、课外阅读情况及阅读计划。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：It ；I like ；I usually ； I plan t 及I am ging 等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，注意文后要说明读书是非常有意义的。
【参考范文】Reading Outside ClassAs we all knw, reading has a lt f benefit. It can pen up ur eyes because bks are full f knwledge, and it makes us wiser and richer in life. I like reading newspapers and magazines, frm which I get lts f fun and learn abut what's ging n arund the wrld. I als read stry bks and nvels in my spare time which makes me relaxed and happy. I seldm read e-bks because they're bad fr eyes. On weekends, I usually spend a whle afternn reading in the library. And I als read fr abut half an hur befre ging t bed every night.Summer vacatin is cming. I plan t d mre reading. I am ging t read mre classics and mre English bks t imprve my language skills. I'm sure reading can make a difference t my life.
readckingnvelGermanyknwledgespareFrenchwriteruglytuch
n. 读物n. 烹饪，烹调n. 小说n. 德国n. 知识adj. 空闲的；多余的adj. 法国（人）的n. 作者，作家adj. 丑陋的vt. 感动，触动
againstbe tired uttieverstmachuntilfingertinyfall ver
prep. 紧靠，碰，撞筋疲力尽vt. 捆，绑prep. 从一边到另一边n. 腹部；胃cnj. 直到……为止n. 手指adj. 极小的摔倒
cntinueeithermanageliftarmymust unableshulder
vt. & vi. 继续adv. 也vt. & vi. 设法完成；管理vt. 举起，抬高；提高n. 大批，大群mdal v. 应该，必须；一定adj. 不能的，不会的n. 肩膀
1. crash against the rcks 2. swim as far as ne can / pssible 3. by the time 4. feel the land under my feet 5. be tired ut 6. fall dwn n the beach
冲撞到了岩石奋力向远处游到……的时候感觉到陆地在我的脚下, 感觉我的脚着地了筋疲力尽倒在沙滩上
7. g t sleep 8. wake up 9. be tied t the grund 10. feel smething n my leg 11. mve up ver my stmach and neck 12. (be) the same size as….
入睡/睡着醒来被拴在地上 感觉腿上有东西在我肚子和脖子上向上移动与……大小相同
13. start climbing all ver me 14. shut at them 15. make them all fall ver 16. get up again 17. cntinue mving acrss my bdy
开始爬遍我（身体）朝他们大叫把他们都震倒再次站立继续在我身上移动
18. a huge army f
19. cntinue ding sth.
20. manage t d sth.
1. 阅读习惯2. 花费时间/金钱做某事3. 不同种类的书4. 在工作日5. 对… …感兴趣6. 中国四大古典小说
reading habitsspend time/mney ding sth.different types f bks n weekdays be interested inthe fur great classical Chinese nvels
7. 在我家对面8. 给我许多书籍方面的建议9.讨论读什么10.帮助我在忙碌的一天后放松11.为我开启一个全新的世界
ppsite my hme give me lts f advice n bksdiscuss what t readhelp me relax after a busy daypen up a whle new wrld t me
一、定义 由两部分构成∶疑问词和动词不定式（wh-+t d）。疑问词部分包括疑问代词wh， whm， what， which和whse以及疑问副词when， where和hw。此外，连接词“whether”也适用。它主要具有以下几种功能∶①当主语 例如∶ When t hld the meeting has nt been decided. Where t camp is a prblem.
②当宾语 常接在frget，find ut，discuss， decide，tell， teach，knw，learn， wnder，remember等动词之后作宾语 例如∶ We must knw what t take ntes at a meeting. He culd nt tell whm t talk. D yu knw hw t use the camera?③当表语 例如∶ The prblem is where t find the pet dg The questin is wh t help.
④当名词同位语 例如∶ Tm had n idea which bk t chse at the bkstre. The questin whether t study abrad trubled the girl.⑤用于宾语补足语，双重宾语。 某些动词后可接"sb.+ 疑问词 + 不定式"构成的双重宾语，这类动词常用的有advise， ask， shw， teach，tell等 例如∶ I can tell yu where t get this kind f flwer. I ask her hw t imprve spken English. He will advise yu what t d fr the cmpetitin. Will yu shw me hw t drive the new car?
作介词宾语 某些介词后面可接"疑问词＋不定式"作宾语，这类介词常用的有 abut，as， frm， in， f， n， with等。 例如∶ He has n idea f hw t answer this questin. Dick had nly 20 yuan with which t buy his mther a present. （which是关系代词）Yu have a number f tpics frm which t chse. 你有很多题目可以选择。（which是关系代词）
二、用法∶特殊疑问词十动词不定式"这种结构可以把复合句转为简单句。 例如∶I dn't knw what I’ll d next.=I dn't knw what t d next. The dctr tld him when he shuld take the medicine. = The dctr tld him when t take the medicine. 同样，因为"特殊疑问词十动词不定式"这种结构相当于一个名词性从句，所以可用同等成分的从句代替，从而把简单句转换为复合句。改写时只需在疑问词后加上适当的主语，并把不定式改为适当的形式的谓语即可。 例如：Which t chse is imprtant.= Which we shuld chse is imprtant. The questin is where t g.=The questin is where we shuld g.
三、按照英语语法的习惯，疑问副词why 后不直接跟动词不定式 误∶I dn't knw why t chse that bag. 正∶ I dn't knw why yu must chse that bag. 但它可以接不带t的动词不定式，即动词原形，构成why d sth./ why nt d sth. 肯定形式是表示某动作是不必要的或没有意义的，而否定形式是表示向某人提建议和表达看法，相当于祈使句。 例如∶Tday is Sunday. Why nt g bating? Why take a taxi? We can get there in five minutes.
完成下列句子。1.I dn't knw what t say at the meeting（在会上说什么）. 2.Can yu tell me where t buy this bk（在哪里能买到这本书）?3.When and where t hld the meeting（在何时何地召开这会议）hasn't been decided yet.
用hw， which，what， when， where填空。1.When I g int the bakery, I always can't decide which ne t buy. 2.My grandmther desn't knw hw t use a cmputer. 3.--Will yu please shw me hw t srt the garbage? -- Yes, f curse. Nw let me tell yu what t d first. 4.I will tell yu when and where t meet later.
情态动词must和have t都有"必须"的含义，它们的用法如下∶ （一）must"必须"、"应该"的用法∶ 1. must 表示"必须"、"应该"。 表示的是说话人的主观看法 例如∶ We must prtect ur envirnment. Everyne must fllw the rules in the library. 2. must的否定形式must nt表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。 例如：Yu mustn't play with fire. Yu mustn't be late fr schl.
must与have t
（二）have t表示“必须”、“不得不”, 表示的是客观需要。 例如∶He has t stay at hme fr 3 r 4 days. We will have t get up early tmrrw.
3. 在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式用needn't 或dn't have t来回答。而不用mustn't来回答。 例如∶--Must I finish my hmewrk befre 8 'clck? --N, yu needn't./N, yu dn't have t. --Yes, yu must.
(三) must一般只有现在时，而have t有更多的形式。 例如∶I must g nw. He must stay at hme. His mther is ill, s he has t lk after her. It was late. The girl had t g hme.
你是怎样处置那台旧电脑的?What did yu d with that ld cmputer?我不知道怎么处理这个问题。I dn’t knw hw t deal with the prblem.
1.d with 对付，处理=deal with 在特殊疑问句中：d with 与what搭配deal with 与hw搭配
Sme teenagers dn’t knw hw t ________wrries.They can ask their teachers and parents fr help.A:belng t B:deal withC:call inD:d with
属于对付，处理短暂来访，打电话对付，处理
2.Germany 名词，德国 German 德国人，德语（复数+s） adj：German 德国的，德语的Are all yur friends frm ______?N, nly 2 are ________. The thers are frm ther cuntries.A:Germany,Germen B:Germany,GermansC:German,Germans D:German,Germany
3.knwledge 知识，不可数名词 have a knwledge f...了解... 她对中国历史了解很深She has a wide knwledge f Chinese histry.获得知识：get knwledge 不能用learn
4.spare 形容词：空闲的，多余的=freein ne’s spare time 在某人空闲的时间你在业余时间做什么？What d yu d in yur spare time?动词：留出，匀出Please spare me a minute t talk t yu.
5.tuch:动词，感动，触动The her’s speech__________(感动) all the audience yesterday.adj:tuching 动人的，感人的 修饰物 tuched 受感动的 修饰人We were tuched at the tuching stry.2.触摸，碰
6. against 介词 “紧靠；碰，撞”
He is standing against the wall.
2) 他的自行车撞到岩石上，伤了腿。
His bike crashed against the rck, s he hurt his leg.
against 介词 “反对, 违反”
1) 别做任何违法的事。
Dn’t d anything against the law.
2) 你反对还是赞成这个计划?
Are yu against r fr the plan?
7. be tied t 被绑/栓在…
They were tied t a tree.
They were tied t the chairs.
那匹马被拴在大树上。The hrse ____ ____ ____ a big tree.2.小树苗应该绑在棍子上。The yung trees _______ ____ ____ __sme sticks.
was tied t
shuld be tied t
8. He was the same size as my little finger! the same +名词+ as…“与…一样…”
the same size as
the same age as
我的自行车的颜色和我妹妹的一样。My bike is the same clur as my sister’s.
cntinue ding sth.
在吵闹声中他每天继续工作着。
He with the nise every day.
这场雨整整一个下午都下个不停。
wrking/t wrk
cntinued falling/t fall
The rain all afternn.
cntinue t d sth.
manage sth.
manage t d sth.
He (管理) the cmpanyfr tw years.
你是怎么到达那里的？
Hw did yu get there?
manage t
10. manage 设法完成；管理
11.s far =up t nw=until nw 到目前为止若s far强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，用现在完成时。S far there has been n bad news.若s far不强调动作从过去持续到现在，侧重于描述客观现象，用一般现在时。S far,it is nly talk.
12. a great successsuccess此处用作可数名词，意为"成功的人或事"，success也可作不可数名词，意为"成功"，其反义词为failure"失败" 例如∶ The meeting is a success.①succeed用作不及物动词，意为"成功"，后常跟in ding sth. 例如∶ He succeeded as a dctr. ②successful形容词，意为"成功的" 例如∶ My uncle is a successful businessman. ③successfully副词，意为"成功地" 例如∶ If yu wrk hard，yu will get it successfully.
13.cpy 名词：一本，副本复数：cpies 同一种书的许多册 ，常跟f 搭配He was reading a cpy f the daily newspaper.他正在读一份日报。动词：抄写，模仿，复制cpy the letter 抄写信
14.at a time 每次，依次常用“数词+at a time” 一次几个at ne time 过去某一时期，一度 ，曾经=nce常用过去式At ne time I liked her,but nt any mre nw.
15. because用作连词，意为"因为" 例如∶ He didn't cme because he was sick.
辨析∶because，as与since
例如∶ I was late because I was stuck n the rad. As yu were busy, I’ll finish the husewrk by myself. Since everyne is here, let's begin ur meeting.
16. His stry gave me a lt f cnfidence. cnfidence 不可数名词，意为“信心”。 have cnfidence in 意为“对有信心”。 例如∶Dn't be nervus. Yu shuld have cnfidence in yurself. cnfident形容词，意为“自信的，有信心的”常用作定语或表语。 be cnfident f 意为“对充满信心” 例如∶We’re cnfident f the game.
17. experienceI als want t travel and have exciting experiences in the future. experience在此作可数名词，意为"经历" 例如∶ He has a lt f travelling experiences. A、experience在此用作不可数名词，意为"经验"。表示做某事的经验时，其后常接in/f ding sth. 例如∶ Our English teacher has s much experience in teaching. B、experience还可作及物动词，意为"体验，经历" 例如∶ The girl has never experienced a natural disaster. C、experienced形容词，意为"有经验的" 例如∶ My father is an experienced dctr.
翻译句子1.她想知道和谁去谈论这本书。_______________________________________________________________________2.我们已经给她看接下来要做什么。_______________________________________________________________________3.他们正在讨论要带多少钱。_______________________________________________________________________4.无论如何，你应该知道在写读书报告前要看一些相关的评论。_______________________________________________________________________5.我们必须在图书馆里保持安静。_______________________________________________________________________
1. She wnders wh t talk abut the bk. 2.We have already shwed her what t d next. 3.They are discussing hw much mney t , yu shuld read sme reviews befre writing the bk reprt. 5.We must keep quiet in the library.
19. advice 不可数名词，意为“建议，忠告，劝告” 。 ask sb. fr advice 向某人征求意见 give sb. sme advice n sth. 给某人一些关于……的建议I asked the teacher fr her advice. 我征求了老师的意见Culd yu give me sme advice n my plan? 你能就我的计划给点儿建议吗？ He gave me a piece f advice n hw t learn Maths well. 他就如何学好数学给我提了一条建议。 【拓展】advise 动词，意为“建议” advise sb. t d sth.建议某人做某事
20. ppsite ①介词，意为“在……对面, 与……相反”。 The pst ffice is ppsite the bank. 邮局在银行对面。②名词，对立的人(或物) Australian seasns are the ppsite f urs. 澳大利亚的季节与我们的相反。③形容词，意为“对面的，相反的”。The shp is n the ppsite side f the street.商店在街道的对面。
1．（2021·湖北省直辖县级单位·统考中考真题）Thank yu fr yur ________. I guess I will take it.A．visitB．adviceC．habitD．interview【答案】B【详解】句意：谢谢你的建议。我想我会接受。visit拜访；advice建议；habit习惯；interview采访。根据“I guess I will take it.”可知，此处是take ne’s advice“接受某人的建议”，故选B。2．（2022春·江苏无锡·八年级校联考期中）—Daniel, d yu knw ________ the rubbish?—N, it is ________.A．what t deal with; easy enugh fr me t cleanB．what t d with; t much fr me t cleanC．hw t d with; t much fr me t clean D．hw t deal with; easy enugh fr me t clean it【答案】B【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你知道怎么处理垃圾吗？——不，这对我来说有太多（垃圾）要清理。考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。deal with和d with都可表示“处理、对付”，deal with常和hw连用，d with常和what连用，则可先排除AC选项。其次根据“N”可知处理垃圾对丹尼尔来说太多了。故选B。
3．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）We wuld like t buy electric cars ________ they prduce less air pllutin.A．becauseB．sC．thughD．but【答案】A【详解】句意：我们想买电动汽车，因为它们产生的空气污染更少。because因为；s因此；thugh尽管；but但是。上文“想买电动汽车”和下文“电动汽车产生较少空气污染”之间是因果关系，前者是结果，后者表原因，故用because连接。故选A。4．（2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）I lve ging t schl _____ everyne in my class is friendly.A．befreB．althughC．becauseD．unless【答案】C【详解】句意：我喜欢去上学，因为我班级的每个人都很友好。befre在……之前；althugh尽管；because因为；unless除非。“我班级的每个人都很友好”是解释喜欢去上学的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。
5．（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）Safety cmes first. Everyne n the cach ________ wear the seat belt.A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn`t【答案】C【详解】句意：安全第一。车上的每个人都必须系好安全带。考查情态动词。can能，可以；can’t不能，不会；must必须；mustn’t禁止，不能。根据“Safety cmes first”和“wear the seat belt”可知，安全最重要，故必须系好安全带。故选C。6．（2022·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）We shuld learn sme basic life skills since we ________ depend n urselves sme day.A．canB．can’tC．mustD．mustn’t【答案】C【详解】句意：既然有一天我们必须要依靠自己，我们就应该学习一些基本的生活技能。考查情态动词。can可以；can’t不会，不可以；must必须；mustn’t不能，不可以。根据“depend n urselves sme day”可知将来有一天我们必须要依靠自己。“必须”用情态动词must。故选C。
7．（2022·江苏淮安·统考中考真题）—Miss Li. I dn’t want t say srry t Daniel. —I’m afraid yu ________. After all, yu brke his glasses.A．mayB．have tC．mustn’tD．needn’t【答案】B句意：——李小姐。我不想向丹尼尔道歉。——恐怕你必须这么做。毕竟，你打破碎了他的眼镜。may可能；have t必须；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“After all, yu brke his glasses.”可知对方必须要向丹尼尔道歉，故选B。8．（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）—Alex, cme dwn t play ftball. —I can’t. Mm said I ________ clean my bedrm befre ding anything else.A．had tB．willC．used tD．can【答案】A句意：——Alex，下来踢足球吧。——我不能去。妈妈说我在做其他事情之前必须先打扫我的卧室had t不得不；will将；used t d过去常常做某事；can能够。根据“Mm said I… clean my bedrm befre ding anything else”可知，妈妈要求做其他事情之前必须先打扫卧室，故选A。
9．（2022春·江苏无锡·八年级校联考期中改编）It is impssible fr peple in Wuhan t win the fight ______ NCP withut the help f dctrs and nurses frm all ver ur cuntry.A．frB．withC． against D．in【答案】C【详解】句意：没有全国各地的医生和护士的帮助，对于武汉人来说抗击新冠疫情是不可能的。故选C。10．（2022秋·湖北武汉·八年级统考期末改编）—If yu are abrad, I will strngly advise yu ______ ging ut at night n yur wn.A．frB．withC． against D．in【答案】C【详解】句意：——如果你在国外，我会强烈建议你晚上不要独自外出。故选C。
11．（2022·扬州）________ the peple lcked inside, the firemen brke dwn the dr. A．ReachB．T reachC．ReachingD．T reachingB【解析】句意：为了接触被锁在里面的人，消防员破门而入。分析句子可知the peple lcked inside，的目的是the firemen brke dwn the dr。作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意识记非谓语动词的用法。12．（2022·重庆）Mr. Brwn tld his sn nt __________ the paintings in the museum. A．tuchB．t tuchC．tuchingD．tuchedB【解析】句意： 布朗先生告诉他的儿子不要碰博物馆里的画。 tell sb nt t d sth，告诉某人不要做某事，固定搭配。故选B。【点评】考查动词不定式，注意固定搭配tell sb nt t d sth的用法。
13．（2020·甘孜）He felt tired, s he stpped _____________ a rest under the tree. A．havingB．haveC．t haveC【解析】句意：他感到累了，所以他停下来在树下休息。stp ding sth，停止做某事，stp t d sth，停下来去做某事。根据题干中“He felt tired”可知是停下来去休息，故选C。【点评】考查非谓语动词，注意stp t d的用法。14．（2020·天津）I've just watched a TV prgramme abut space. I hpe ____ n the mn ne day. A．walkB．walkedC．walkingD．t walkD【解析】句意：我刚看了一个关于太空的电视节目，我希望有一天我们可以在月球上行走。考查动词不定式。walk动词原形；walked动词的过去式/过去分词；walking动名词/现在分词；t walk动词不定式。表示“希望做某事”用hpe t d；此处用t walk作宾语。故选D。【点评】考查动词不定式，注意固定搭配hpe t d sth.的用法。
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Hw t write a reprt
hw much time
what (favurite type)
My reading habits
I lve reading.
I like reading very much.
I enjy reading.
I am crazy abut reading bks.
I am interested in reading.
I am fnd f reading.
tpic sentence
Hw t write a gd reprt
阅读使人明智，阅读使人充实。某英文报为了了解中学生课外阅读情况，向广大中学生做调查，请根据下面图表信息写一篇短文，介绍课外阅读的益处、你的课外阅读情况及你的阅读计划。提示：1.短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。Reading Outside ClassAs we all knw, Reading has a lt f benefits. _____________________________________________________________________________________________
读前分析：这是一篇给材料作文，介绍自己课外阅读的益处、课外阅读情况及阅读计划。结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：It ；I like ；I usually ； I plan t 及I am ging 等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系，注意文后要说明读书是非常有意义的。
【参考范文】Reading Outside ClassAs we all knw, reading has a lt f benefit. It can pen up ur eyes because bks are full f knwledge, and it makes us wiser and richer in life. I like reading newspapers and magazines, frm which I get lts f fun and learn abut what's ging n arund the wrld. I als read stry bks and nvels in my spare time which makes me relaxed and happy. I seldm read e-bks because they're bad fr eyes. On weekends, I usually spend a whle afternn reading in the library. And I als read fr abut half an hur befre ging t bed every night.Summer vacatin is cming. I plan t d mre reading. I am ging t read mre classics and mre English bks t imprve my language skills. I'm sure reading can make a difference t my life.
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