2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省龙岩第一中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共30页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(满分：150分 时间：120分钟)
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man d last night?
A. He saw a mvie. B. He went t the park. C. He bked sme tickets.
2. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Cllect a custmer. B. Drive her t the airprt. C. Lk fr Greg.
3. What relatin is Tim t Jenny?
A. Her head teacher. B. Her future husband. C. Her elder brther.
4. When will the first perfrmance end?
A. At 7:00. B. At 9:00. C. At 9:10.
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A city. B. A bk. C. A park.
第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the man ging?
A. T a library. B. T his hme. C. T a cafe.
7. What des the man think f his part-time jb?
A. It’s badly-paid. B. It’s bring. C. It’s satisfactry.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9 题。
8. Wh is answering the phne?
A. Sam. B. Ben. C. Michelle.
9. What des the man want t d?
A. Visit Ben tmrrw.
B. Change the meeting time.
C. Invite Michelle fr lunch.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What d we knw abut Kemp Twn Beach?
A. It is knwn fr its castal walks.
B. It is near the man’s hme.
C. The water there is clean.
11. Which beach will the speakers g t?
A. Canvey Island Beach.
B. Kemp Twn Beach.
C. Birling Gap Beach.
12. Hw will the speakers g t the beach?
A. By car. B. By taxi. C. By train.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. Wh encuraged the man t learn cking?
A. His grandmther. B. His mther. C. His teacher.
14. Hw lng did the class last?
A. 6 hurs. B. 8 hurs. C. 10 hurs.
15. What did the man d after the first half hur?
A. He made a meal.
B He tasted sme dishes.
C. He bught sme fds.
16. Hw did the man feel at the end f the day?
A. Tired. B. Dissatisfied. C. Happy.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What des the speaker remind the listeners t d?
A. Buy sme phts first.
B. Avid taking pictures.
C. Fllw him int the gate.
18. Where is Marilyn Mnre’s huse?
A. On the left. B. On the right. C. Arund the crner.
19. What is Je Di Maggi?
A. An actr.
B. A basketball player.
C. A baseball player.
20. Whse huse is yellw?
A. James Dean’s.
B. Je Di Maggi’s.
C. Arnld Schwarzenegger’s.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Writing Cmpetitins
The Bristl Shrt Stry Prize
It’s an internatinal writing cmpetitin funded by the editrs f the quarterly cultural magazine Bristl Review f Bks in 2007. The 2022 Bristl Shrt Stry Prize is pen t everyne. The first prize is ￡1,000. Entries must be unpublished stries with 4, 000 wrds at mst. The judges are Tm Drake-Lee, Irensen Okjie and Jessica Taylr.
Admissin fee:￡9
The Bath Nvel Award
Since its launch nine years ag, the internatinal Bath Nvel Award has helped sptlight and supprt new writers. The prize is￡3,000. In the event f a jint win, the prize mney will be shared equally between winners. It’s pen t unpublished and independently published nvelists. This year’s judge is Nelle Andrew. All genres are welcme. Writers must submit the first 5,000 wrds plus ne-page synpsis f the nvel.
Admissin fee:￡29
The BBC Natinal Shrt Stry Award
The BBC Natinal Shrt Stry Award 2022 with Cambridge University invites entries f shrt stries up t 8,000 wrds. It’s an award that has enriched the careers f writers since it was funded seventeen years ag. The winner f the cntest fr single shrt stries will receive￡15,000. This year’s judges are authr Elizabeth Day and bradcaster Katie Thistletn.
Admissin fee: free
The Creative Future Writers’ Award
Funded in 2013, it’s an annual develpment prgram fr talented writers wh lack pprtunities due t health prblems r scial circumstances. This year’s theme is Hw It Started. Prizes include￡10,000 f cash and tp writing develpment prizes supplied by publishers and develpment agencies.
Writers shuld submit ne piece f writing in ne categry (50-line petry t the maximum r 2,000-wrd fictin t the maximum). The judges are Drthy Kmsn, Jelle Taylr, Aki Schilz and Sarala Estruch.
Admissin fee: free
1. Wh may act as a judge fr The Bristl Shrt Stry Prize in 2022?
A. Jelle Taylr.B. Nelle Andrew.C. Katie Thistletn.D. Jessica Taylr.
2. What d the secnd and the furth cmpetitins have in cmmn?
A. They were funded in the same year.B. They have a strict genre requirement.
C. They set the same cash bnus.D. They require n admissin fee.
3. Which cmpetitin may favr applicants with physical disabilities?
A. The Bath Nvel Award.B. The Bristl Shrt Stry Prize.
C. The Creative Future Writers’ Award.D. The BBC Natinal Shrt Stry Award.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个写作比赛的情况，包括成立时间、评委和收费等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The judges are Tm Drake-Lee, Irensen Okjie and Jessica Taylr.(评委是Tm Drake-Lee, Irensen Okjie和Jessica Taylr)”可知，Jessica Taylr担任2022年布里斯托短篇小说奖的评委。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since its launch nine years ag, the internatinal Bath Nvel Award has helped sptlight and supprt new writers.(自9年前（2022-9=2013）设立以来，国际巴斯小说奖一直在关注和支持新作家)”以及最后一部分中“Funded in 2013, it’s an annual develpment prgram fr talented writers wh lack pprtunities due t health prblems r scial circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，第二届和第四届比赛的共同之处是都是同年（2013年）成立的。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一部分中“Funded in 2013, it’s an annual develpment prgram fr talented writers wh lack pprtunities due t health prblems r scial circumstances.(它成立于2013年，是一个为那些因健康问题或社会环境而缺乏机会的有才华的作家设立的年度发展计划)”可知，The Creative Future Writers’ Award比赛对身体残疾的申请人有利。故选C。
B
Gabriela wrked fr a multinatinal cmpany as a successful prject manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred t manage a team in Sweden. She was excited abut her new rle but sn realized that managing her new team wuld be a challenge.
Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff wuld questin her prpsals penly in meetings, and when she gave them instructins n hw t carry ut a task, they wuld ften g abut it in their wn way withut checking with her. When she annunced her decisins n the prject, they wuld cntinue giving their pinins as if it was still up fr discussin.
What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shck in expectatins. Dutch psychlgist Geert Hfstede uses the cncept f “pwer distance” t describe hw pwer is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previus wrk envirnment, Gabriela was used t a high pwer distance culture where pwer is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisins and are nt ften challenged. Her Swedish team, hwever, were used t wrking in a lw pwer distance culture where emplyees ften wrk tgether with their bsses t find slutins and make decisins. Here, leaders act as caches wh encurage independent thught and expect t be challenged.
When Gabriela became aware f the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an pen cnversatin with them abut their feelings abut her leadership.
Pleased t be asked fr their thughts, Gabriela’s team penly expressed that they were nt used t being tld what t d. They enjyed having mre rm fr initiative and creative freedm. When she tld her team exactly what she needed them t d, they felt that she didn’t trust them t d their jb well.
With a better understanding f the underlying reasns behind each ther’s behaviur, Gabriela was able t make adjustments t her management style. Finally, she effectively mtivated her team t achieve their gals.
4. What prblem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning?
A. Her authrity was challenged by her Swedish staff.
B. They were always refusing t fllw her directins.
C. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructins.
D. They lked dwn upn her because she was a female.
5. What is encuraged in the wrking culture in Sweden?
A. Independent thinking and mild character.
B. Active participatin and creative thinking.
C. Prfessinal spirit and risk-taking behavir.
D. Cmpetitive spirit and mild character.
6. Which f the fllwing can best describe Gabriela?
A. Bssy and rude.B. Strict but trustwrthy.
C. King but stubbrn.D. Flexible and cmmunicative.
7. What can we learn frm Gabriela’s stry?
A. Tw heads are better than ne.B. Dn’t judge a bk by its cver.
C. Birds f a feather flck tgether.D. When in Rme, d as Rmans d.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了加芙列拉到瑞典工作中，经历了高权力距离文化和低权力距离文化文化冲击。她适应当地的工作文化，调整自己的工作方式。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段的前两句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff wuld questin her prpsals penly in meetings, and when she gave them instructins n hw t carry ut a task, they wuld ften g abut it in their wn way withut checking with her.”（尽管他们很友好，加芙列拉作为领导并没有受到尊重。她的新员工会在会议上公开质疑她的提议，当她指示他们如何执行任务时，他们通常会按照自己的方式执行，而不与她核对。）可知，在瑞典，一开始加芙列拉的权威受到了瑞典员工的挑战。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后两句“Her Swedish team, hwever, were used t wrking in a lw pwer distance culture where emplyees ften wrk tgether with their bsses t find slutins and make decisins. Here, leaders act as caches wh encurage independent thught and expect t be challenged.”（然而，她的瑞典团队习惯了在低权力距离文化中工作，员工经常与他们的老板一起工作，寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战。）可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励独立思考；老板能够和员工一起工作，共同做出决定，说明鼓励在友好的氛围中工作。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When Gabriela became aware f the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an pen cnversatin with them abut their feelings abut her leadership.”（加芙列拉意识到她与团队之间的文化差异时，她和员工开诚布公地交谈员工们对她的领导力的感受。）可知，加芙列拉主动和员工开诚布公地交谈，说明她有很强的沟通交流能力；根据第六段的第一句中提到“Gabriela was able t make adjustments t her management style.”（加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。）了解到原因之后，加芙列拉能够调整自己的管理方式。这说明她能根据具体情况，灵活调整自己的工作方式。由此推知，加芙列拉是一个灵活的、善于沟通的管理者。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章讲述了加芙列拉被派到瑞典管理一个新的团队，经历了低权力距离文化的冲击后，能够根据当地的文化调整自己的管理方式。并且由文章最后一段的第一句“With a better understanding f the reasns behind each ther’s behavir, Gabriela was able t make adjustments t her management style.”（加芙列拉对双方行为背后的原因有了更好的了解后，能够调整自己的管理方式。）可以推断，从加芙列拉的故事中，我们体会到了：“When in Rme, d as Rmans d.”（入乡随俗。）D项符合题意。故选D项。
C
3D printing is becming mre and mre ppular. We are nw able t create things we need very quickly and easily using 3D printers. But can yu imagine printing fd?
Sme scientists are trying t revlutinize the dining experience by ding this. They hpe that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as cmmn as the micrwave ven r blender.
Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: Yu simply have t select a recipe and put the raw fd “inks” int the printer. Yu can als mdify the instructins t make the fd exactly hw yu want it. This means that it wuld be very quick and easy t create tasty and nutritius meals.
Using 3D printers t create yur meals wuld als be saving the envirnment. There wuld be less need fr traditinal grwing, transprting and packaging prcesses as fd prductin wuld be a lt mre efficient. Fr example, alternative ingredients(原料)such as prteins frm algae, beetrt leaves and insects culd be cnverted int tasty prducts.
Printing fd culd als help peple wh suffer frm dysphagia (a swallwing disrder). They culd prgram the printer t print sfter versins f their favrite fds s that they wuld nt have truble swallwing them.
Hwever, sme peple think that a future f 3D fd printing wuld be a disaster. It culd take away many jbs, including thse frm grwing, transprting and packaging fd. Imagine a wrld where there was n need fr farming r grwing crps and the same tastes culd be printed frm a raw “fd ink”. Likewise, traditinal cafes and restaurants might lse business. Als, there are cncerns abut the nutritinal value f printed fd: Is it really pssible t get the nutrients we need frm fd-based inks and gels(凝胶)?
What’s mre, cking and eating tgether with family and friends has lng been a traditinal and enjyable activity. It is hard t imagine a wrld where the pleasure f cking is dead and meals can be created at the tuch f a buttn.
8. Which f the fllwing best describes 3D fd printing?
A. Quick and ppular.B. Easy and efficient.
C. Nutritius and tasty.D. Sft and cnvenient.
9. Why d sme think that 3D fd printing wuld be a disaster?
A. Traditinal fd wuld disappear.B. Many peple culd lse their jbs.
C. It wuld affect the peple’s health.D. We culd all eat the same fd.
10. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. 3D fd printing will replace traditinal cking.
B. 3D printing fd can treat dysphagia.
C. 3D fd printing wuld hurt ur traditin f fd culture.
D. 3D fd printing wuld be a failure.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. 3D Fd “Printing”: Cming t the Kitchen.
B. Can 3D Printing Create Everything?
C. 3D Printing Fd Will Be in Fashin!
D. The Disadvantage f 3D Fd Printing.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Scientists say that it’ll be quite easy: yu simply have t select a recipe and put the raw fd “inks” int the printer. Yu can als mdify the instructins t make the fd exactly hw yu want it. This means that it wuld be very quick and easy t create tasty and nutritius meals.(科学家说这很简单：你只需要选择一个食谱，然后把生的食物“墨水”放进打印机。你也可以修改说明，使食物完全符合你的要求。这意味着它将非常快速和容易地制作美味和营养的膳食。)”可知，3D食品打印是容易且高效的。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“Hwever, sme peple think that a future f 3D fd printing wuld be a disaster. It culd take away many jbs, including thse frm grwing, transprting and packaging fd.(然而，一些人认为3D食品打印的未来将是一场灾难。它会带走很多工作岗位，包括种植、运输和包装食品的工作岗位。)”可知，一些人认为3D食品打印是一场灾难，因为3D食品打印会使得很多人失去工作。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“What’s mre, cking and eating tgether with family and friends has lng been a traditinal and enjyable activity. It is hard t imagine a wrld where the pleasure f cking is dead and meals can be created at the tuch f a buttn.(更重要的是，与家人和朋友一起做饭和吃饭一直是一种传统和令人愉快的活动。很难想象，在这样一个世界里，烹饪的乐趣已不复存在，只需按一下按钮就能创造出饭菜。)”可知，3D食品打印会损害我们的饮食文化传统。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段内容“Sme scientists are trying t revlutinize the dining experience by ding this. They hpe that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will be as cmmn as the micrwave ven r blender.(一些科学家正试图通过这样做来彻底改变用餐体验。他们希望厨房里的3D打印机能像微波炉或搅拌机一样普及。)”及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了3D食品打印技术和它带来的好处及一些人对于该项发明的看法，所以A选项A.3D Fd “Printing”: Cming t the Kitchen. (3D食物“打印”：走进厨房)符合本文大意，适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
D
As the effects f climate change becme mre disastrus, well-knwn research institutins and gvernment agencies are fcusing new mney and attentin n an idea: artificially cling the planet, in the hpes f buying humanity mre time t cut greenhuse gas emissins.
That strategy, called slar climate interventin (干预) r slar geengineering, invlves reflecting mre f the sun’s energy back int space — abruptly reducing glbal temperatures in a way that imitates the effects f ash cluds flwing ut frm the vlcanic eruptins. The idea has been cnsidered as a dangerus and fancied slutin, ne that wuld encurage peple t keep burning fssil fuels while expsing the planet t unexpected and ptentially threatening side effects, prducing mre destructive hurricanes, wildfires flds and ther disasters.
But. as glbal warming cntinues, prducing mre destructive hurricanes, wildfires flds and ther disasters, sme researchers and plicy experts say that cncerns abut geengineering shuld be utweighed by the imperative t better understand it, in case the cnsequence f climate change becme s terrible that the wrld can’t wait fr better slutins.
One way t cl the earth is by injecting aersls (气溶胶) int the upper layer f the atmsphere. where thse particles reflect sunlight away frm the earth. That prcess wrks, accrding t Duglas MacMartin, a researcher at Crnell University.
“We knw with 100% certainty that we can cl the planet,” he said in an interview. What’s still unclear, he added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicatr fr a lt f climate effects. “What des it d t the strength f hurricanes?” he asked, “What des it d t agriculture prductin? What des it d t the risk f frest fires?”
Anther institutin funded by the Natinal Science Fundatin will analyze hundreds f simulatins f aersl injectin, testing the effects n weather extremes arund the wrld. One gal f the research is t lk fr a sweet spt: the amunt f artificial cling that can reduce extreme weather events withut causing brader changes in reginal rainfall patterns r similar impacts.
12. Why d researchers and gvernment agencies wrk n cling the earth?
A. T prevent natural disasters.B. T win mre time t reduce gas emissins.
C. T imitate vlcanic eruptins.D. T encurage mre peple t bur fssil fuels.
13. What are researchers wrried abut in terms f glbal warming?
A. Mre vlcanes will thrw ut.
B. Mre slar energy will g int space.
C. Mre disasters will endanger the future f the wrld.
D. Peple will keep burning fssil fuels t keep warm.
14. What can be inferred frm Duglas’ wrds in an interview?
A. He thinks mre research remains t be dne.
B. He is ptimistic abut the effect f cling the earth.
C. He is cncerned abut the reductin in agriculture prductin.
D. He disapprves f the practice f slar climate interventin.
15. What des the underlined wrds “sweet spt” in the last paragraph mean?
A. The rainfall pattern f a regin.
B. The mdest drp in temperature.
C. The number f extreme weather events.
D. The injectin amunt f aersl.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出的各种可能的应对办法。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“As the effects f climate change becme mre disastrus, well-knwn research institutins and gvernment agencies are fcusing new mney and attentin n an idea: artificially cling the planet, in the hpes f buying humanity mre time t cut greenhuse gas emissins.(随着气候变化的影响变得更加严重，知名研究机构和政府机构正把新的资金和注意力集中在一个想法上：人为地让地球降温，希望为人类赢得更多时间来减少温室气体排放)”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少温室气体的排放。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“sme researchers and plicy experts say that cncerns abut geengineering shuld be utweighed by the imperative t better understand it, in case the cnsequence f climate change becme s terrible that the wrld can’t wait fr better slutins.(一些研究人员和政策专家表示，当务之急是更好地了解地球工程，这比对地球工程的担忧更重要，以防气候变化的后果变得如此可怕，以至于世界不能等待更好的解决方案)”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““What des it d t the strength f hurricanes?” he asked, “What des it d t agriculture prductin? What des it d t the risk f frest fires?”(他问：“它对飓风的强度有什么影响？这对农业生产有什么影响？它对森林火灾的风险有什么影响？”)”可知，Duglas认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以还有很多研究有待去做。故选A项。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“One gal f the research is t lk fr a sweet spt: the amunt f artificial cling that can reduce extreme weather events withut causing brader changes in reginal rainfall patterns r similar impacts.(这项研究的目标之一是寻找一个“最佳点”：人工降温的数量，既可以减少极端天气事件，又不会造成区域降雨模式的广泛变化或类似影响)”可知，这里的“最佳点”指的是，人工降温要适度，既可以解决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spt”指的是适度的降温。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D Actins Speak Luder than Wrds?
Our sciety is fast paced. We are all rushing frm ne place t the next, blwing ur hrn at slw drivers wh may be singing sngs in the car with their children r pinting ut sme interesting sights. We dn't have time fr that silliness tday. But we try t say t urselves that we will make time fr fun tmrrw. It is time t take a few deep breaths and think abut ur actins and ur wrds. ____16____
Have yu ever really thught abut the saying “Actins speak luder than wrds”? Think abut it nw. If yu say ne thing and act in an ppsite way, will the wrds be ignred and just the actins remembered? I dn’t think s. ____17____ It is als equally imprtant t use wrds t shw appreciatin, lve, apprval and happiness and then fllw thse wrds with a hug, pat n the back r smile.
____18____ What abut that saying? True? Yes! Wrds carry a lt f weight and will be remembered fr years especially when they are written dwn. Mean wrds can hurt fr that mment and fr a lifetime. I am sure that each f us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind cmment. ____19____ Let’s nt be a member f that “club”. When was the last time that yu hid a lve nte in a lunch bx r in yur mate’s cat pcket? If yu want t see a bright smile, that will d it! The pwer f this written nte will be remembered fr many days, even years.
“I can live fr tw mnths n a gd cmpliment (夸奖)”, said Mark Twain. Children grw strnger when they feel appreciated and understd. ____20____ A perfect way t turn a bad day arund is t praise yur child. “I nticed that yur hair lked very nice tday.” “Did yu hang yur cat up all by yurself?” It is amazing hw thse few wrds can change a child's utlk... almst immediately.
A. The pen is mre pwerful than the swrd.
B. Is it really reasnable t d smething like that?
C. D they display the attitude that we want t cnvey?
D. It is imprtant t have yur wrds match yur actins.
E. Behavir is a mirrr in which everyne shws his image.
F. Thse wrds did lasting damage t yu, the relatinship r bth.
G. Dn’t be afraid t shwer yur child with encuraging wrds all day lng.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过一系列的说明，解释了文字和语言的重要性以及对人的影响。作者告诉我们语言对人们有终生的影响，因此我们要鼓励赞美孩子，不要使用刻薄的话讽刺挖苦孩子。
【16题详解】
由上文“Our sciety is fast paced. We are all rushing frm ne place t the next, blwing ur hrn at slw drivers wh may be singing sngs in the car with their children r pinting ut sme interesting sights. We dn't have time fr that silliness tday. But we try t say t urselves that we will make time fr fun tmrrw. It is time t take a few deep breaths and think abut ur actins and ur wrds. (我们的社会节奏很快。我们都从一个地方冲到另一个地方，对着慢驶的司机按喇叭，他们可能在车里和孩子们唱歌，或者指出一些有趣的景点。我们今天没有时间做那种傻事。但我们试着对自己说，明天我们会腾出时间玩。到了该好好考虑我们的行为和言语的时候了)”可知，社会节奏快，人们没有时间坐在车里和孩子们唱歌或者指出一些有趣的景点而导致车慢速行驶的事情了，但人们又说会抽出时间玩乐，这是言行不一致的表现，这种言行不一致没有表达我们想要干的事情，因此是时候要言行一致，看看言行一致能否表达我们想要干的事情，承接上文，C选项“它们（我们的言语和行为）是否表现出我们想要表达的态度？”切题，C选项中的“they”对应上文的“ur actins and ur wrds”。故选C项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Have yu ever really thught abut the saying “Actins speak luder than wrds”? Think abut it nw. If yu say ne thing and act in an ppsite way, will the wrds be ignred and just the actins remembered? I dn’t think s. (你真的想过“行动胜于雄辩”这句话吗？现在想想。如果你说了一件事，做了一件相反的事，你会忽略那些话，只记住那些行动吗？我不这么认为)”和下文“It is als equally imprtant t use wrds t shw appreciatin, lve, apprval and happiness and then fllw thse wrds with a hug, pat n the back r smile. (同样重要的是，用语言表达感激、爱、认可和幸福，然后用拥抱、拍拍后背或微笑来跟随这些语言)”可知，作者认为“行动胜于雄辩”这句话不正确，因为伴随着言语来行动去表达情感同等重要，说明作者认为言行一致很重要，承接上下文，D选项“言行一致是很重要的。”切题。故选D项。
【18题详解】
由下文“What abut that saying? True? Yes! Wrds carry a lt f weight and will be remembered fr years especially when they are written dwn. (这一谚语怎么样?？好还是不好？单词很有分量，会被记住很多年，尤其是当它们被写下来的时候)”可知，承接下文，该空应该是一句谚语，讲述语言的力量，A选项“笔比剑更有力。”切题，下文中的“Wrds carry a lt f weight”也解释了这一谚语的含义。故选A项。
【19题详解】
由上文“Mean wrds can hurt fr that mment and fr a lifetime. I am sure that each f us remembers a time when a friend made an unkind cmment. (刻薄的言辞会伤害你的那一刻和一生。我相信我们每个人都记得有一次，一位朋友发表了一句不友好的评论)”可知，上文讲到刻薄的言辞会伤人，列举朋友说刻薄言语的例子，说明刻薄言语对人的伤害，承接上文，F选项“这些话语会对你和你们之间的关系造成持久的伤害。”说明了刻薄言语对人的伤害，F选项中的“Thse wrds”对应上文的“made an unkind cmment”。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由上文““I can live fr tw mnths n a gd cmpliment (夸奖)”, said Mark Twain. Children grw strnger when they feel appreciated and understd. (马克·吐温说：“我可以靠一句赞美的话活两个月。”当孩子们感到被欣赏和理解时，他们会变得更强壮)”和下文“A perfect way t turn a bad day arund is t praise yur child. (要扭转糟糕的一天，一个完美的方法就是表扬你的孩子)”可知，空前空后都讲述赞美的重要性，赞美的话语对孩子的作用，承接上下文，G选项“不要害怕一整天把鼓励的语言如雨般倾注在孩子身上。”与鼓励赞美相关。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year, many dlphins wrldwide are captured（捕获）and kept in small pls, perfrming fr peple, especially children. These dlphins are fed fish instead f having t____21____them. As a result, they start spending mst f their time near the pl rather than underwater. They get ut f shape and can n lnger____22____lng distances. It affects their____23____greatly, and has prved t have____24____cnsequences.
Thus cmes the questin, "Shuld captive dlphins be____25____?"
Jeff Fster, a 55-year ld expert, decided t help tw captive dlphins, Tm and Misha, t reach their tp physical_____26_____. Every day, he used t train the tw dlphins t get used t their wild hmes again. Twenty mnths later, Tm and Misha began t act like____27____dlphins and they were set free back int the sea.
___28___Tm and Misha lived in captivity fr 4-5 years, they were able t adapt t the wild. It was____29____what Fster had hped fr. His dreams fr the dlphins had finally cme true and he knew that the dlphins wuld_____30_____in the wild.
This prgram was a big success, but there have been thers that failed. Fr example, anther dlphin, Keik, returned int the cean in 2002, but_____31_____a year later because f all the misery（ 不幸）he_____32_____. The sudden envirnment change did nt_____33_____him well.
If peple want t avid these accidents, we must g t great lengths and put in the_____34_____t ensure it desn't happen ever again. In fact, with virtual reality technlgy picking up, there can still be great ways t_____35_____kids with sea animals withut having t capture dlphins.
21. A. pick upB. hunt frC. lk afterD. thrw away
22. A. seeB. diveC. jumpD. hear
23. A. appetiteB. shelterC. lifestyleD. ppularity
24. A. terribleB. ptentialC. unexpectedD. indirect
25 A. disturbedB. releasedC. prtectedD. prhibited
26. A. exerciseB. painC. appearanceD. cnditin
27. A. wildB. cleverC. helplessD. harmless
28. A. IfB. UnlessC. AlthughD. Because
29. A. hardlyB. exactlyC. pssiblyD. awfully
30. A. trainB. searchC. surviveD. prduce
31. A. diedB. escapedC. returnedD. recvered
32. A. led tB. brught upC. gt verD. went thrugh
33. A. suitB. serveC. defendD. prepare
34. A. tankB. timeC. waterD. effrt
35. A. inspireB. treatC. entertainD. change
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主题语境为人与自然，主题语境的内容为海豚放归海洋。文章就是否应将被捕获的海豚放归海洋进行了讨论。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些海豚不用捕食鱼，而是用鱼喂它们。A pick up捡起；偶然学会；B. hunt fr猎取； C. lk after照顾；D. thrw away 扔掉。根据上文中的“These dlphins are fed fish instead f" 以及常识可知，被捕获的海豚不需要自己猎取食物。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的体型变差了，不能再远距离潜水了。A. see看见；B. dive潜水；C. jump跳起；D. hear听见。根据上文中的“they start spending mst f their time near the pr rather than under water. They get ut f shape”可知，被捕获的海豚由于长期生活在狭小的池子里，导致身材变形、体力下降，不能再远距离潜水。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很严重的影响了他们的生活方式。A. appetite胃口；B. shelter庇护；避难处；C. lifestyle生活方式；D. ppularity流行；普及。根据上文中的描述可知，生活在池子里对海豚的生活方式有很大的影响。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那证明有很严重的影响。A. terrible糟糕的；B. ptential潜在的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. indirect间接的。根据上文They get ut f shape and can n lnger dive lng distances可知，结果很糟糕。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：应该释放圈养的海豚吗? A. disturb打扰；B. release释放;C. prtect保护；D. prhibit禁止。根据下文they were set free back int the sea?（他们被释放到海洋）可知，set free（释放）应和空格处的release对应。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：55岁的专家杰夫·福斯特决定帮助两只圈养的海豚汤姆和米莎达到最佳体格状态。A. exercise练习；锻炼；B. pain痛苦；C. appearance外表；出现；D. cnditin 状况。结合上文中的“They get ut f shape and can n lnger dive lng distance. 可知，帮忙海豚恢复到最佳体格状态。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每天，他都会训练两只海豚重新适应它们的野生家园。20个月后，汤姆和米莎开始像野生海豚一样行动，他们被放回大海。A. wild野生的；B. clever 聪明的；C. helpless绝望的；无望的；D. harmless无害的。结合上文中的“he used t train the tw dlphins t get used t their wild hmes again"可知，两只海豚像野生海豚一样行动。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查连词。句意：尽管汤姆和米沙被圈养了4-5年，它们已经能够适应野外生活了。A. If如果；B. Unless除非；C. Althugh尽管；D. Because因为。可知前后句为相反关系。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这正是福斯特所希望的。他对海豚的梦想终于实现了。A. hardly几乎不；B. exactly确切的；C. pssibly可能的；D. awfully可怕的。根据上句Tm and Misha lived in captivity fr 4-5 years, they were able t adapt t the wild.以及下句His dreams fr the dlphins had finally cme true.可知这正是福斯特所希望的。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对海豚的梦想终于实现了，他知道海豚会在野外幸存下来。A. train训练；B. search寻找；C. survive幸存；D. prduce生产。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词与上文“they were able t adapt t the wild.”含义一致。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个项目取得了巨大的成功，但也有其他失败的项目。例如,另一个海豚2002年回到海洋，但一年后去世，因为他经历的所有的痛苦(不幸)。A. died死亡；B. escape逃脱；C. return归还；返回；D. recvery康复。根据语境可知，是失败的案例。所以设空处应选且和空格后面的misfrtune相一致。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意见上文。A. led t 导致；B. brught up 抚养、养育；C. g ver复习。D. went thrugh 经历、经受。由句子结构可知空格后为定语从句，先行词为misfrtune，从句主语是海豚，此处指的是海豚所经历的不幸。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不太适应环境的突然变化。A. suit适应；适合；B. serve服务；C. defend防御；D. prepare 准备。由上句but a year later because f all the misery（不幸）he went thrugh.可知，海豚不适应环境的突然变化。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们想避免这类事故，我们必须竭尽全力确保此类事故不再发生。A. tank坦克；水槽；B. time时间；C. water水；D. effrt努力。根据语境可知，设空处所填的词应与g t great lengths含义一致；且根据下文中的“ensure it desn't happen again”可知，人们要为此付出努力。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，随着虚拟现实技术发展，我们仍然可以找到很好的方法让孩子们用海洋动物娱乐，而不用去捕捉海豚。A. inspire激励；B. treat对待；处理；C. entertain娱乐；D. change改变。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Peple frm the UK are called “British” which means that the UK is als referred t ____36____ Britain r Great Britain. Peple are smetimes cnfused by ____37____ these different names mean. Studying the histry f Britain will help yu slve the puzzle. The United Kingdm has a lng and interesting histry t explre, ____38____ can help yu understand much mre abut the cuntry and its traditins. Almst everywhere yu g in the UK, yu will _____39_____(surrund) by evidence f fur different grups f peple wh tk ____40____ at different times and left behind their influences. Their chief ____41____(achieve) included building twns and rads and making changes t legal systems.
There is s much mre t learn abut the interesting histry and culture f the United Kingdm. Studying the histry f the cuntry will make yur visit much mre ____42____(enjy). The capital city Lndn is a great place t start, as it is an ancient prt city that has a histry ____43____(date) all the way back t Rman times. There are ____44____(cunt) histric sites t explre and lts f museums with ancient relics frm all ver the UK. The UK is _____45_____ fascinating mix f histry and mdern culture, with bth new and ld traditins. If yu keep yur eyes pen, yu will be surprised t find that yu can see bth its past and its present.
【答案】36. as 37. what
38. which 39. be surrunded
40. ver 41. achievements
42. enjyable
43. dating 44. cuntless
45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习英国的历史和文化可以帮助你在英国的旅行中更好了解这个国家。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自联合王国的人被称为“英国人”，这意味着联合王国也被称为英国或大不列颠。be referred t as是固定短语，意为“被称为”。故填as。
【37题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：人们有时候被这些不同名字的意思所困惑。空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：英国有一段漫长而有趣的历史去探索，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家和它的传统。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The United Kingdm has a lng and interesting histry t explre，先行词在从句中作主语，只能用which引导。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查动词的被动语态。句意：在英国无论你走到哪里，你将会被四组不同在不同的时间接管并且留下他们的影响的证据的人所包围。空格处在句中和will构成谓语，主语yu和surrund之间是动宾关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be surrunded。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：在英国无论你走到哪里，你将会被四组在不同的时间接管并且留下他们的影响的证据的人所包围。take ver为固定短语，意为“接管”。故填ver。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的主要成就包含了建立城镇和道路并且对法律系统进行了改变。根据空格前的形容词chief可知，空格处应填名词作主语，achievement为可数名词，结合句意应用名词的复数形式。故填achievements。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：学习这个国家的历史将使你的拜访更加愉快。空格处作宾语补足语，根据空格前的much mre可知，应用形容词的比较级，enjyable为多音节形容词。故填enjyable。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：首都城市伦敦是一个开始的好地方，因为它是一个古代的海港城市，有追溯到罗马时期的很长的历史。has为谓语动词，空格处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，histry和date之间是主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填dating。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有数不尽的历史景点去探索，还有很多有来自于全英国的古代遗迹的博物馆。空格处应填形容词作定语修饰名词sites，结合句意“数不尽的”是cuntless。故填cuntless。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英国是一个迷人的历史和现代文化的混合，同时还有新的和旧的传统。mix为可数名词，此处表示泛指，fascinating发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，由于互联网已成为大家获取信息，互动交流的重要平台，为抵制不文明网络行为，创造良好的网络环境，请你围绕“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”向全校学生写一封英语倡议书，内容包括：
1. 倡议的原因； 2. 如何文明上网。
注意∶
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
【答案】A.
Dear fellw students,
Nwadays, we have quick and easy access t infrmatin and cmmunicate/interact with each ther via/thrugh the Internet. Hwever, the virtual wrld has als becme a htbed fr uncivilized behavirs such as nline bully r fraud (cheating/abuse/gssip/rumr/scandal). Therefre, I call upn/appeal t all students t surf the Internet in a civilized manner.
Here is hw. Firstly, we need t use plite wrds such as ‘thank yu, srry t truble, please,’ etc. n a regular basis t shw thers ur respect and gd nline cnducts. Secndly, use fficially registered websites rather than unauthrized nes t keep nline fishing r cheating at bay. Thirdly, nce we spt any vulgar (bscene) r anti-scial cntent, reprt it timely t the plice r surveillance rganizatins s as t fster/prmte a clean and unplluted nline envirnment.
Thanks fr yur cperatin.
Li Hua
B. 官方范文：
Dear fellw students,
Nwadays the Internet has becme an imprtant platfrm fr infrmatin and cmmunicatin. In rder t get rid f the ill manners nline and make a gd netwrk envirnment, I d hpe all f yu can be civilized and respnsible netizens in the fllwing ways.
First when cmmunicating with thers nline, yu are expected t shw due respect. Secnd, watch ut fr warning signs when visiting a website t avid spreading virus. Last, saying n t any pirated recrdings makes sense.
Let’s jin ur effrts t build a harmnius nline cmmunity!
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“文明上网，做有责任感的网民”为主题，向全校写一封倡议书，内容包括倡议的原因和如何文明上网的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→critical
当心：watch ut fr→be cautius abut
共同努力：jin ur effrts→wrk tgether
建立：build→establish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last, saying n t any pirated recrdings makes sense.
拓展句：Last, it makes sense that we say n t any pirated recrdings.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First, when cmmunicating with thers nline, yu are expected t shw due respect. （运用了状语从句的省略）
【高分句型2】I d hpe all f yu can be civilized and respnsible netizens in the fllwing ways.（运用了d强调谓语）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
An 80-year-ld man was sitting n the sfa in his huse alng with his 45-year-ld highly educated sn. Suddenly a crw (乌鸦) landed n their windw.
The father asked his sn, “What is this?” The sn replied, “It is a crw.” After a few minutes, the father asked his sn fr the secnd time, “What is this?” The sn said, “Father, I tld yu just nw. It’s a crw.”
After a little while, the father asked his sn the same questin fr the third time, “What is this?”
At this time, sme expressin f anger was felt in the sn’s tne when he said t his father. “It’s a crw, a crw.” A little while later, the father again asked his sn fr the furth time, “What is this?”
This time his sn shuted at his father, “Why d yu keep asking me the same questin again and again althugh I have tld yu s many times ‘IT IS A CROW’? Are yu nt able t understand this?”
A minute later the father went t his rm and came back with a diary, which he had kept since his sn was brn. On pening a page, he asked his sn t read that page:
Tday my little sn aged three was sitting with me n the sfa when a crw suddenly landed n the windw. My sn asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied t him all 23 times that it was a crw. I hugged him lvingly each time he asked me the same questin. I didn’t at all feel angry, but instead felt affectin fr my inncent sn.
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the sn was filled with tears and began t reflect n the days when he used t sit tgether with his father.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the sn gt dwn n his knees befre his father.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary, the sn was filled with tears and began t reflect n the days when he used t sit tgether with his father. His father wuld patiently answer the same questin all 23 times withut feeling angry while his father asked him the same questin just fur times! The sn thught t himself, “If I am in ld age, hw will my sn lk at me? Will he think f me as a burden? Will he shut at me because f my pr sight, pr hearing r pr understanding?”
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the sn gt dwn n his knees befre his father. He made an aplgy t his father, begging his father t frgive him fr his bad behavir. He said alud, “I prmise t let yu feel happy frever, Dad. It is yu wh have cared fr me ever since I was a little child, shwering me with yur selfless affectin. Yu wrked hard t make mney s that I culd affrd t g t university. I will pay yu back in the best way.” And then he hugged his father lvingly.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章以人物为线索，讲述一个父亲在儿子小时候很耐心地对待儿子，而儿子长大后却对父亲没有耐心，用这个故事来号召我们要善待父母。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看了日记，儿子泪流满面，开始回想过去和父亲坐在一起的日子。”可知，第一段可描以前父亲对他相同的问题耐心回答的事情。
②由第二段首句内容“儿子感到羞愧，在父亲面前跪了下来。”可知，第二段可描写他向父亲道歉，请求父亲原谅他的不良行为。
2.续写线索：看完日记——回忆——自己问父亲同一个问题——耐心回答——感到羞愧——道歉——承诺好好对待父亲
3.词汇激活
行为类
填满：be filled with/be full f
把……当作：think f…as/treat…as/regard…as
情绪类
高兴的：happy/glad/delighted
亲切地：lvingly/ affectinately
【点睛】[高分句型1] If I am in ld age, hw will my sn lk at me?（句中if引导条件状语从句）
[高分句型3] It is yu wh have cared fr me ever since I was a little child, shwering me with yur selfless affectin.（句中使用强调句型）
听力答案：1-5 BABBA 6-10 ACCBA 11-15 CCBBA 16-20 CBACA
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。