2022-2023学年福建省厦门市高二上学期期末（下学期开学考试）英语试题含解析

  2022—2023学年上学期高二年级学业水平测试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第一部分    力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A. ￡19.15.            B. ￡9.18.            C. ￡9.15.

答案是C。

1. What did the woman do last night?

A. She watched a movie.

B. She visited Meg.

C. She went shopping.

2. Who is using the truck now?

A. Gina.                B. Jason.                C. Liam.

3. What does the man want to do?

A. Seek a job.            B. Have a check-up.    C. Cancel an appointment.

4 How does the woman feel about the man’s suggestion?

A. Uninterested.        B. Surprised.            C. Puzzled.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A player’s injury.    B. A football game.        C. An international career.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Mother and son.        B. Seller and customer.    C. Schoolmates.

7. What will the man do next?

A. Answer a telephone call.

B. Accompany his mom home.

C. Share his favorite activities.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Where does the conversation most probably take place?

A. In a kitchen.        B. In an office.        C. In a car shop.

9. What does the man suggest the woman do?

A. Make time for cooking.

B. Arrive at work on time.

C. Get her car fixed soon.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What does the man ask the woman to do?

A. Give him some medicine.

B. Provide a medical report.

C. Submit a sick note for him.

11. How often should the man take the medicine?

A. Once a day.            B. Twice a day.        C. Three times a day.

12. What will the man do right after the conversation?

A. Pay the bill downstairs.

B. Return to the hospital.

C. Have a sound sleep.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Why is the woman talking to the man?

A. To discuss a program.

B. To conduct a survey.

C. To make a travel plan.

14. What is good about the train according to the man?

A. It runs on schedule.

B. It serves delicious coffee.

C. It has a strong Internet signal.

15. What does the man think should be added?

A. More seats in the waiting area.

B. A noticeboard in the cafe.

C. An information desk.

16. What does the man think of parking at the station?

A. Satisfying.            B. Disappointing.        C. Unclear.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Why does the speaker give the talk?

A. To attract tourists to the park.

B. To introduce the history of the park.

C. To explain some changes of the park.

18. Where is the cafe?

A. Beside the museum.

B. Near the glass houses.

C. Opposite the gardens.

19. What will be relocated?

A. The gates.            B. The toilets.            C. The playground.

20. What do we know about the gym?

A. It is newly added.    B. It is easy to find.        C. It is aimed at adults.

第二部分    阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

What parenting style is right for you? Parental Guidance’s expert Dr Justin Coulson breaks down each way you can raise your kids.

Attachment parenting

This is about the parent and the child being as close as possible physically and emotionally. Attachment parenting is usually for babies and young children just learning to walk.

French parenting

French parenting is about allowing adults to live their adult lives while encouraging children to be children, but not interfere (妨碍) with the adults’ lives.

The expectation on children is that if they’re going to interfere, they need to do it in a mature way that respects that the adults have lives to live. French parenting encourages children to do things on their own and also to have high expectations.

Helicopter parenting

Helicopter parents don’t want their children to suffer at all. They do things for their children that they can and ought to do for themselves, especially outside the home.

Free-range parenting

It’s about trusting your children and giving them the skills to find their limits. It’s a pushback against anxious, risk opposing parenting; against helicoptering, making-sure everything-is-OK parenting that so many of us fall victim to.

Routine parenting

Routine parenting is all about arrangement and routine. It improves efficiencies. You get a lot done. Everything has its place and there's a place for everything. But it places high demands on the leader. And too much focus on routine can prevent new ideas, connection and fun.

1. Which style best suits parents with children under 3?

A. Attachment parenting. B. French parenting.

C. Helicopter parenting. D. Free-range parenting.

2. What do French parenting and Free-range parenting have in common?

A. Leaving children in anxiety.

B. Expecting too much of children.

C. Encouraging children to be independent

D. Wishing children to be OK in everything.

3. What is a disadvantage of Routine parenting?

A. It’s all about arrangement. B. It’s of little efficiency.

C. It takes place everywhere. D. It discourages creativity.

【答案】1. A    2. C    3. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要对养育孩子的不同方式进行了详细分析。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。文章Attachment parenting部分“This is about the parent and the child being as close as possible physically and emotionally. Attachment parenting is usually for babies and young children just learning to walk. (这是关于父母和孩子在身体和情感上尽可能接近。依恋养育通常是针对刚学会走路的婴儿和幼儿。)”可知最适合三岁以下孩子的父母的方式是依恋养育，故选A。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。文章French parenting部分“French parenting is about allowing adults to live their adult lives while encouraging children to be children,(法国的育儿方式是允许成年人过自己的成人生活，同时鼓励孩子成为孩子)”，“French parenting encourages children to do things on their own and also to have high expectations. (法国的父母鼓励孩子自己做事，也要有很高的期望。)”以及Free-range parenting部分“It’s about trusting your children and giving them the skills to find their limits. (这是关于信任你的孩子，给他们找到自己极限的技能。)”可知法国式育儿和自由放养式育儿的共同点是鼓励儿童独立，故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。文章Routine parenting部分“And too much focus on routine can prevent new ideas, connection and fun. (过于专注于日常生活会阻碍新的想法、联系和乐趣。)”可知常规育儿的缺点是阻碍了创造力，故选D。

B

Mike Leach, the bad-tempered and pioneering college football coach who helped completely change the passing game with the Air Raid offense (进攻), died from a heart condition at the age of 61. “Mike was a giving and attentive husband, father and grandfather. He was able to take part in organ donation at UMMC as a final act of charity,” the family said in a statement.

In 21 seasons as a head coach at Texas Tech, Washington State and Mississippi State, Leach went 158-107. His impact on all levels of football—from high school to the NFL—over the last two decades runs deep and will continue for years to come. Mississippi State President Mark Keenum said, “His passing brings great sadness to our university, to the Southeastern Conference, and to all who loved college football.”

Leach’s teams were continuing winners at programs where success did not come easy. And his quarterbacks put up massive passing statistics, running a relatively simple offense called the Air Raid that he did not invent but certainly mastered.

“You have to make choices and limit what you’re going to teach and what you’re going to do. That’s the hard part,” Leach told the AP about the Air Raid’s economical playbook. After years of questions about whether Leach’s spread offense could be successful in the nation’s most talented football conference, the Bulldogs set an SEC record for yards passing in his very first game against defending national champion LSU.

In 1987, he broke into college coaching at Cal Poly, but it was at Iowa Wesleyan where he found his muse. Head coach Hal Mumme had invented the Air Raid while coaching high school in Texas. At Iowa Wesleyan, with Leach as offensive coordinator (协调者), it began to take hold and completely change the way football was played.

From then, the Air Raid spread like wild and became the noticeable way offense was run in the Big 12.

4. Which word best describes Mike Leach as a football coach?

A. Friendly. B. Generous. C. Influential. D. Demanding.

5. What makes the Air Raid popular?

A. Leach’s profitable playbook. B. Leach’s spread of it.

C. The defending of Leach’s teams. D. The easy access to it.

6. What does the underlined word “muse” refer to in paragraph 5?

A. Fan. B. Boss. C. Invention. D. Inspiration.

7. What is the purpose of this text?

A. To explain passing skills. B. To encourage donations.

C. To honour Mike Leach. D. To introduce Hal Mumme.

【答案】4. C    5. B    6. D    7. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Mike Leach对橄榄球队的影响，其目的在于纪念他。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Mike Leach, the bad-tempered and pioneering college football coach who helped completely change the passing game with the Air Raid offense (进攻), died from a heart condition at the age of 61. (麦克·里奇，这位脾气暴躁的大学橄榄球的先锋教练，用Air Raid 彻底改变了传球比赛，死于心脏病，享年61岁。)”，第二段“In 21 seasons as a head coach at Texas Tech, Washington State and Mississippi State, Leach went 158-107. His impact on all levels of football—from high school to the NFL—over the last two decades runs deep and will continue for years to come.(在德克萨斯理工大学、华盛顿州立大学和密西西比州立大学担任主教练的21个赛季中，里奇取得了158胜107负的战绩。在过去的二十年里，他对从高中到全国橄榄球联盟的各个级别的橄榄球都产生了深远的影响，并将在未来几年继续下去。)”可知，Mike Leach用Air Raid 彻底改变了传球比赛，对各个级别的橄榄球比赛都有深远影响。由此可知，Mike Leach是一个很有影响力的人。故选C项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段“After years of questions about whether Leach’s spread offense could be successful in the nation’s most talented football conference, the Bulldogs set an SEC record for yards passing in his very first game against defending national champion LSU.(多年来，人们一直质疑里奇的传播进攻是否能在美国最有天赋的橄榄球联盟中取得成功，斗牛犬队在他对阵卫冕全国冠军路易斯安那州立大学的第一场比赛中就创造了SEC的传球码数记录。)”、第五段“At Iowa Wesleyan, with Leach as offensive coordinator (协调者), it began to take hold and completely change the way football was played.(在爱荷华卫斯理大学，由里奇担任进攻协调员，它开始生根发芽，并完全改变了橄榄球的比赛方式。)”和第六段“From then, the Air Raid spread like wild and became the noticeable way offense was run in the Big 12.(从那时起，Air Raid就疯狂地蔓延开来，成为12大联盟中引人注目的进攻方式。)”可知，正是由于Mike Leach的传播，才让Air Raid成为引人注目的进攻方式。故选B项。

【6题详解】

词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“In 1987, he broke into college coaching at Cal Poly, but it was at Iowa Wesleyan where he found his muse. Head coach Hal Mumme had invented the Air Raid while coaching high school in Texas. At Iowa Wesleyan, with Leach as offensive coordinator (协调者), it began to take hold and completely change the way football was played. (1987年，他进入加州理工大学执教，但在爱荷华卫斯理大学，他找到了自己的。muse主教练哈尔·穆姆在德克萨斯州执教一所高中时发明了Air Raid。在爱荷华卫斯理大学，由里奇担任进攻协调员，它开始生根发芽，并完全改变了橄榄球的比赛方式。)”可知，Mike Leach是在爱荷华卫斯理大学找到了muse，结合后面的主教练Hal Mumme发明了Air Raid，而Mike Leach使它生根发芽。由此可推知，是在爱荷华卫斯理大学执教时启发了Mike Leach，将Air Raid发扬光大。A. Fan粉丝；B. Boss、上司、领导；C. Invention发明；D. Inspiration灵感。muse为名词，表示“灵感、创作源泉”，四个选项中，只有D项inspiration含义与其相近。故选D项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章第一段介绍了Mike Leach是谁，第二、三、四、五、六段则重点介绍了Mike Leach对橄榄球队的影响。由此可推知，本文的写作目的在于纪念Mike Leach。故选C项。

C

The word “art” usually evokes (唤起) images of white-walled galleries, abstract paintings costing millions of dollars and wealthy people, far removed from our everyday experience. Yet, art in 21st century is a different story.

The Internet has weakened the idea that art appreciation is only for the rich, It has enabled more people than ever to have access to art. Netizens are not only consumers of art but creators and participants, too. The social media has made it much easier to share unprofessional work with the whole world. An unprofessional artist can now sell work or get advertising money from online videos.

“A picture is worth a thousand words” is the motto of data visualisation (可视化) fans. The amount of information available today can be huge, so some people are working on presenting data using visually appealing diagrams that are easy for the public to understand. Of course, diagrams can also be used by dishonest people to mislead the audience, so we need to take care to interpret them the right way.

Another way that art advances education is by enabling us to understand concepts that are invisible to the naked eye. For most biology students, the names and functions of dozens of proteins go in one ear and out the other, but unforgettable videos like “The Inner Life of the Cell” turn proteins into tiny people with different jobs in a city of large machinery. The same goes for concepts in physics such as black holes- we can understand them better with the help of artists who have backgrounds in both art and science.

Even though most people may not be consciously aware of it, art is all around us. As most of our surrounding environment is man-made, everything in it contains some element of art and can influence our behaviour—telling us where to go or how to interact with objects, feeding us true or false information and controlling our emotions. Art indeed has a greater impact than many would believe it does.

8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. How the Internet provides service for the rich.

B. How the Internet brings art closer to everyone.

C. How netizens can contribute to art.

D. How people appreciate and use art.

9. What’s the author s attitude towards using diagrams in paragraph 3?

A. Optimistic. B. Disapproving. C. Objective. D. Indifferent.

10. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A. Videos turn proteins into tiny people.

B. Videos explain concepts better than pictures.

C. Art helps students understand some concepts.

D. Art helps artists have more backgrounds.

11. Which of the following best describes art in the 21st century?

A. Accessible and powerful. B. Abstract and graceful.

C. Expensive and digital. D. Traditional and controversial.

【答案】8. B    9. C    10. C    11. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了21世纪的艺术的便利性和强大影响力改变了人们对艺术的欣赏，有助于促进教育的发展。

【8题详解】

主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“The Internet has weakened the idea that art appreciation is only for the rich, It has enabled more people than ever to have access to art. (互联网削弱了艺术欣赏只针对富人的观念，它使更多的人能够接触到艺术)”可知第二段主要讲互联网如何使艺术更接近每个人，故选B。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“Of course, diagrams can also be used by dishonest people to mislead the audience, so we need to take care to interpret them the right way. (当然，图表也可能被不诚实的人用来误导观众，所以我们需要小心以正确的方式解释它们)”可知作者对第三段中使用图表的态度是客观的，故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Another way that art advances education is by enabling us to understand concepts that are invisible to the naked eye. (艺术促进教育的另一种方式是让我们理解肉眼看不见的概念)”可知从第四段可以推断出艺术帮助学生理解一些概念，故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Even though most people may not be consciously aware of it, art is all around us. (尽管大多数人可能没有意识到艺术，但艺术就在我们身边)”说明艺术很方便；以及最后一句“Art indeed has a greater impact than many would believe it does. (艺术的影响确实比许多人想象的要大。)”可知21世纪的艺术的是既方便又强大，故选A。

D

For most of human history, people raised crops and livestock to feed their households rather than to sell them for profit. This began to shift after the Industrial Revolution, which saw the rise of plantation farming.

Industrial farming not only increased the crop-growing areas, but changed the techniques used by farmers. Instead of switching the crops that were grown on a field each year, entire plantations would be devoted to a single crop. This approach and intensive modes of farming led to destruction of local biodiversity and land worsening-within years, fields would cease to produce crops.

Plantations of the 18th and 19th centuries were a “get rich quick plan” rather than a long- term investment. Once a field became unusable, plantation owners would simply move on to new land. Up to the end of the 19h century, wide areas of our planet were still not claimed by global modernity. But today, while we are quickly running out of vegetative (覆盖植被的) land, this mindset continues. “Farmers still hold the view that land is cheap and limitless,” said Crystal Davis from the World Resources Institute. “Most of them just cut down more trees, when new land is needed.”

“To meet our ecological goals, we need to stop turning natural ecosystems to farmland,” Davis said. “We can achieve this in part by bringing back the land’s ecological wholeness and productivity.”

Davis points to the 20×20 initiative (倡议), which has seen 18 South American and Caribbean countries commit to recovering 50m hectares of land by 2030. It includes a number of projects aimed at introducing agroforestry (混农林业) practices to cocoa and coffee farms in Colombia and Nicaragua. There farmers are encouraged to grow crops while introducing more trees to their land.

12. What can we learn about industrial farming?

A. It existed for most of human history.

B It changed farming methods.

C. It increased crop production steadily.

D. It reduced crop-planting areas.

13. Which of the following do most farmers do at present?

A. Abuse the land for quick profit.

B. Desert wide areas of plantations.

C. Adopt modern technology to farm.

D. Plant more trees to satisfy global need.

14. What can be inferred about the 20×20 initiative?

A. It advocates eco-friendly farming.

B. It involves countries around the world.

C. It encourages farmers to develop more land.

D. It focuses on increasing cocoa and coffee output.

15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A. How Can We Take up Farming? B. How Can We Feed the World?

C. Meeting Our Ecological Goals D. Shifting to Regenerative Agriculture

【答案】12. B    13. A    14. A    15. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了从工业化农业带来的不良影响和转向可再生农业的过程。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Industrial farming not only increased the crop-growing areas, but changed the techniques used by farmers.(工业化农业不仅增加了作物种植面积，而且改变了农民耕作的方法。)”可知，工业化农业改变了农民耕作的方法。故选B项。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Plantations of the 18th and 19th centuries were a “get rich quick plan” rather than a long- term investment. Once a field became unusable, plantation owners would simply move on to new land. Up to the end of the 19h century, wide areas of our planet were still not claimed by global modernity. But today, while we are quickly running out of vegetative (覆盖植被的) land, this mindset continues.(18世纪和19世纪的种植园是一个“快速致富计划”，而不是长期投资。一旦一块土地无法使用，种植园主就会转移到新的土地上。直到19世纪末，我们这个星球的广大地区仍然没有被全球现代性所宣称。但今天，虽然我们的植物地正在迅速耗尽，但这种心态仍在继续。)”可知，直到今天，人们依然还是有这种“为了赚钱而消耗土地”的想法。故选A项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Davis points to the 20×20 initiative (倡议), which has seen 18 South American and Caribbean countries commit to recovering 50m hectares of land by 2030. It includes a number of projects aimed at introducing agroforestry (混农林业) practices to cocoa and coffee farms in Colombia and Nicaragua. There farmers are encouraged to grow crops while introducing more trees to their land. (戴维斯提到了20×20倡议，18个南美和加勒比国家承诺到2030年恢复5000万公顷土地。它包括一些旨在将农林复合做法引入哥伦比亚和尼加拉瓜的可可和咖啡农场的项目。在那里，农民被鼓励种植农作物，同时在他们的土地上种植更多的树木。)”可知，20×20倡议不仅承诺到2030年恢复5000万公顷土地，还引入了混农林业。由此可推知，该倡议倡导环境友好型农业。故选A项。

15题详解】

主旨大意题。阅读文章可知，文章第一段提到工业革命后农业开始转向种植园；第二、三段重点介绍了工业化农业带来的不良影响；第四、五段重点介绍了转向环境友好型农业种植。由此可知，D项“Shifting to Regenerative Agriculture(转向可再生农业)”最能概括全文。故选D项。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Water is closely related to our lives, and it is an inseparable part of us. Studies show that drinking enough water fights off health problems.____16____

Help you lose weight. Some research has suggested that drinking plenty of water can help you burn calories.____17____Both hunger and tiredness might be signs of dehydration (脱水), as are headaches.

Protect against cancer and heart disease. Water helps convey nutrients (营养物), hormones and proteins around the body, and “messages” to the nervous system. Water also cleans our liver, kidney and bladder. In fact, a US study found that men who drank six 250 ml glasses of water a day halved their risk of bladder cancer, while another study suggested that women who drink more water cut their risk of colon cancer by up to 45 percent.____18____

Strengthen your immune system with a shower. A shower will surely clean our body from head to toe.____19____A Dutch study where participants took hot-to-cold showers found that they had fewer sick days from work.

____20____Swimming is a great no-sweat exercise. Not only does it give you a full-body workout, reduce stress and increase your energy, it doesn’t leave you sweaty, because the water surrounding you keeps your body cool. Like swimming, boating is also low- quality impact sports that are great for your arms, body and legs, and have the added bonus of having a meditative (冥想的) quality that can release stress.

A. Provide physical activity and relaxation.

B. Reduce stress and develop critical thinking.

C. At the very least, it will ease your hunger and boost your energy.

D. Other research found it also lowers women’s risk of a heart attack.

E. So it is beneficial that both man and woman drink plenty of water.

F. It also has the added advantage of improving immunity from illness.

G. Here are some of the ways your body benefits from this life-saving liquid.

【答案】16. G    17. C    18. D    19. F    20. A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水对人的身体健康带来的影响。

【16题详解】

上文“Water is closely related to our lives, and it is an inseparable part of us. Studies show that drinking enough water fights off health problems.(水与我们的生活息息相关，它是我们不可分割的一部分。研究表明，饮用足够的水可以对抗健康问题。)”提到了和足够的水有利于身体健康；下文“Help you lose weight. Some research has suggested that drinking plenty of water can help you burn calories.(帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。)”提到了喝足够的水可以帮助减肥。由此可推知，设空处需要填一个过渡句，承上启下。G项“Here are some of the ways your body benefits from this life-saving liquid.(以下是你的身体从这种救命液体中受益的一些方式。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。

【17题详解】

上文“Help you lose weight. Some research has suggested that drinking plenty of water can help you burn calories.(帮助你减肥。一些研究表明，喝大量的水可以帮助你燃烧卡路里。)”提到了多喝水可以帮助燃烧卡路里；下文“Both hunger and tiredness might be signs of dehydration (脱水), as are headaches.(饥饿和疲劳都可能是脱水的迹象，头痛也是。)”提到了饥饿和疲劳都可能是脱水的迹象。C项“At the very least, it will ease your hunger and boost your energy.(至少，它会缓解你的饥饿感，增加你的能量。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。

【18题详解】

段首主旨句“Protect against cancer and heart disease.(预防癌症和心脏病。)”提到了可以预防癌症和心脏病；上文“In fact, a US study found that men who drank six 250 ml glasses of water a day halved their risk of bladder cancer, while another study suggested that women who drink more water cut their risk of colon cancer by up to 45 percent.(事实上，美国的一项研究发现，每天喝6杯250毫升水的男性患膀胱癌的风险降低了一半，而另一项研究表明，多喝水的女性患结肠癌的风险降低了45%。)”提到了两项喝水与降低患病风险的研究。D项“Other research found it also lowers women’s risk of a heart attack.(其他研究发现，它还能降低女性患心脏病的风险。)”与本段内容息息相关。故选D项。

【19题详解】

上文“Strengthen your immune system with a shower. A shower will surely clean our body from head to toe.(洗澡可以增强免疫系统。洗个澡肯定能把我们从头到脚洗干净。)”提到了洗澡可以增强免疫系统；下文“A Dutch study where participants took hot-to-cold showers found that they had fewer sick days from work.(荷兰的一项研究发现，在参与者洗冷水澡后，他们请病假的天数更少。)”提到了研究发现洗冷水澡后，人请假的天数更少。F项“It also has the added advantage of improving immunity from illness.(它还有提高免疫力、避免生病的额外好处。)”与本段内容息息相关。故选F项。

【20题详解】

设空处位于段首，为段落主旨句，应能概括段落主旨；下文“Swimming is a great no-sweat exercise. Not only does it give you a full-body workout, reduce stress and increase your energy, it doesn’t leave you sweaty, because the water surrounding you keeps your body cool. Like swimming, boating is also low- quality impact sports that are great for your arms, body and legs, and have the added bonus of having a meditative (冥想的) quality that can release stress.(游泳是一项很好的无汗运动。它不仅能给你一个全身的锻炼，减轻压力，增加你的能量，它不会让你出汗，因为你周围的水让你的身体保持凉爽。和游泳一样，划船也是一种低质量的运动，对你的手臂、身体和腿都有好处，而且还有一个额外的好处，就是可以冥想，释放压力。)”提到了在水里游泳带来的好处。A项“Provide physical activity and relaxation.(提供体育活动和放松。)”最能概括本段内容。故选A项。

第三部分    语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My daughter Marisa is quite a good dancer, just like her mom, I love music, but my dancing is____21____! Every time I try, two things get in the way: my____22____.

Several years ago, Marisa was a bridesmaid (伴娘) in a wedding that we____23____.At the reception, Marisa coaxed (哄) me to dance with her. When we got to the dance floor, the music____24____my body. The problem was that it____25____my feet. As I began moving to the____26____, I thought of that famous phrase: “Dance like no one is watching.” That didn’t____27____.Everyone was watching. My brother-in-law was____28____so hard that he almost fel1 off his chair.

I tried to keep up with Marisa’s moves.____29____, I was always two steps behind. She was the dancing queen while I was the clown (小丑). I think you get the_____30_____.Of course, I was feeling_____31_____. However, Marisa kept leading me along. Soon, despite my_____32_____moves, I began to enjoy myself.

I left the floor feeling proud of Marisa and her moves. I also felt satisfied_____33_____.I had chosen to dance with her. Life only gives us so many_____34_____to dance. If anyone asks you to dance, stand up and give it your all. It’s far better to dance like a_____35_____than to sit there with regrets when the music’s over.

21. A. smooth B. awful C. remarkable D. intense

22. A. eyes B. hands C. feet D. arms

23. A. hosted B. arranged C. approved D. attended

24. A. took over B. built up C. shaped D. cured

25. A. hurt B. infected C. lifted D. missed

26. A. beat B. vision C. fantasy D. gesture

27. A. stop B. work C. matter D. change

28. A. dancing B. laughing C. moving D. posing

29. A. Eventually B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Unfortunately

30. A. answer B. help C. picture D. credit

31. A. amused B. inspired C. embarrassed D. threatened

32. A. poor B. steady C. abnormal D. extraordinary

33. A. because B. although C. so D. unless

34. A. reasons B. ways C. chances D. places

35. A. genius B. fool C. baby D. queen

【答案】21. B    22. C    23. D    24. A    25. D    26. A    27. B    28. B    29. D    30. C    31. C    32. A    33. A    34. C    35. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了不太擅长跳舞作者和女儿一起跳舞的故事，引发了作者勇于尝试而不是坐那里不动徒增遗憾的感悟。

【21题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿玛丽莎是一个很好的舞者，就像她妈妈一样，我喜欢音乐，但我的舞蹈很糟糕。A. smooth光滑的；B. awful可怕的，糟糕的；C. remarkable显著的；D. intense强烈的。根据前文“My daughter Marisa is quite a good dancer, just like her mom, I love music”以及转折词but可知作者跳舞很差。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我尝试，都有两件事阻碍了我：我的双脚。A. eyes眼睛；B. hands手；C. feet脚；D. arms胳膊。根据前文“two things get in the way”以及下文“The problem was that it ____5____ my feet.”可知不会跳舞的人双脚是跟不上节拍的，是作者的双脚出了问题。故选C项。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，玛丽莎在我们参加的婚礼上做伴娘。A. hosted主办；B. arranged安排；C. approved批准；D. attended出席。根据前文“Marisa was a bridesmaid”可知作者和女儿一起参加一场婚礼。故选D项。

【24题详解】

考查动词以及动词短语辨析。句意：当我们走到舞池时，音乐占据了我的身体。A. took over接管；B. built up建立；C. shaped塑形；D. cured治愈。根据前文“we got to the dance floor”可知作者和女儿进入舞池被音乐包围。take over符合句意。故选A项。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题是它错过了我的脚。A. hurt伤害；B. infected感染；C. lifted提升；D. missed错过。根据后文的“As I began moving to the __6__ , I thought of that famous phrase”可知作者的双脚错过了节拍。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始跟着节拍跳的时候，我想起了那句著名的话：“像没人看一样跳舞。”A. beat节拍，打；B. vision愿景，视力，视野；C. fantasy幻想；D. gesture手势。根据常识可知跳舞要跟上音乐节拍。故选A项。

【27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：那没有起作用。A. stop停止；B. work工作；C. matter要紧，有重大影响；D. change改变。根据后文的“Everyone was watching”可知作者自己默念的那句话并没有效果。故选B项。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的姐夫笑地如此厉害以至于差点从椅子上摔下来。A. dancing跳舞；B. laughing笑；C. moving移动；D. posing摆好姿势。根据前文“The problem was that it ____5____ my feet.”可知作者跳舞的样子一定很滑稽，所以作者的姐夫大笑了起来。故选B项。

【29题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我总是落后两步。A. Eventually最终地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully感激地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据前文“I tried to keep up with Marisa’s moves”以及后文“I was always two steps behind”可知此处表示很不幸。故选D项。

【30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想你一定能得到那时的画面。A. answer答案；B. help帮助；C. picture图片，画面；D. credit信用。根据前文“____9__, I was always two steps behind. She was the dancing queen while I was the clown (小丑).”可知这是作者给读者描绘的当时的情形。故选C项。

【31题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，我感到很尴尬。A. amused感到高兴的；B. inspired受到启发的；C. embarrassed感到尴尬的；D. threatened受到威胁的。根据前文“____9__, I was always two steps behind. She was the dancing queen while I was the clown (小丑).”可知作者在那种情形下一定很尴尬。故选C项。

【32题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，尽管我的动作很差，我还是开始玩得很开心。A. poor差的；B. steady稳定的；C. abnormal异常的；D. extraordinary异乎寻常的。根据前文“__9__, I was always two steps behind.”可知作者的动作一定很差。故选A项。

【33题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：我也很满意因为我选择了和她跳舞。A. because因为；B. although尽管；C. so因此；D. unless除非。根据前文“Soon, despite my_9__moves, I began to enjoy myself.”以及下文“If anyone asks you to dance, stand up and give it your all”可知虽然作者跳的不好，但是没有放弃和女儿坚持跳完。作者感到满意是因为自己没有放弃， 选择了和女儿一起跳舞。故选A项。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活只给了我们那么多跳舞的机会。A. reasons原因；B. ways方法；C. chances机会；D. places地方。根据后文“If anyone asks you to dance, stand up and give it your all”可知这是机会。故选C项。

【35题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当音乐结束时，像傻瓜一样跳舞总比遗憾地坐在那里好得多。A. genius天才；B. fool傻瓜；C. baby婴儿；D. queen女王。根据前文“__9__ , I was always two steps behind. She was the dancing queen while I was the clown (小丑).”可知作者自嘲自己跳舞像小丑，即使在别人眼中像傻瓜也比坐在那里好得多。故选B项。

第二节(共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

A

阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

Body language is as important as words in communication. It’s crucial____36____we should recognize body language differs in____37____(variety) cultures, but it’s also important to “do in Rome as the Romans do”. For example, the gesture for “OK” can mean “money” in Japan. By contrast, such a gesture in Brazil can be offensive! Of course, some body language____38____(share) by all cultures. For instance, waving one’s hand while seeing your friend off is like____39____(say) “Goodbye”, and a smile often gets people through difficult situations.

【答案】36. that   

37. various   

38. is shared   

39. saying

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在交际中，肢体语言和语言一样重要。在认识肢体语言时，既要入乡随俗，也要了解到其中的相同点和不同点。

【36题详解】

考查主语从句。句意：我们应该认识到身体语言在各种文化中的不同是至关重要的，但“入乡随俗”也很重要。分析句子可知，空格处为真正主语从句连接词，主语从句不缺少句子成分，表示肯定意义，应使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。

【37题详解】

考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空格处为定语，修饰名词cultures，应使用形容词。故填various。

【38题详解】

考查动词时态和语态。句意：当然，某些肢体语言是所有文化都有的。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，动词share和主语some body language是被动关系，应使用被动语态，同时本文陈述的社会状态，整体时态是一般现在时，主语是some body language是第三人称单数形式。故填is shared。

【39题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在送别朋友时挥手就像说“再见”，微笑通常能帮助人们渡过难关。分析句子可知，空格处为介词like的宾语，应使用名词。故填saying。

B

阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

One hot day after work, I saw a dog circling my car. As I approached, he disappeared under the car. I opened the door, drank some water, and____40____(lower) to my knees to look for him. When I stood up, I found him sitting in the driver’s seat, panting (喘息) and staring back____41____me. I poured water into the bottle cap, and he drank it up____42____(immediate). Before I drove out of the lot, he had climbed onto my lap!

【答案】40. lowered   

41. at    42. immediately

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在工作结束后，遇到一只小狗的故事。

【40题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：我打开门，喝了一些水，然后屈膝来找他。分析句子可知，设空处位于并且连词and后，与前面的opened和drank为并列谓语，主语为I，与动词lower之间为主动关系，结合前面的opened和drank可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填lowered。

【41题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：当我站起来时，我发现他坐在驾驶座上，气喘吁吁地盯着我。stare at为固定搭配，表示“凝视、盯着”。故填at。

【42题详解】

考查副词。句意：我把水倒进瓶盖，他马上就喝光了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰动词，作状语，应用副词；immediate的副词形式为immediately，表示“立即”。故填immediately。

C

阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。

Blind scientists often rely on text readers to read journal articles, but the problem is the diagrams. Recently researchers have developed an easy way____43____(display) visual (视觉的) data by 3D printing them on a lithopbane____44____thin plastic sheet that shows the visual data in the form of raised areas. Users can run their finger across the surface and perceive____45____(feature) of physical images such as data points and curves (曲线).

【答案】43. to display   

44. a    45. features

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员开发了一种简单的方法：以凸起区域的形式显示视觉数据解决文本阅读器的图表问题。

【43题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，研究人员开发了一种简单的方法，通过将视觉数据3D打印在一块薄塑料板上，以凸起区域的形式显示视觉数据。分析句子可知，空格处作定语，修饰way，后接不定式，way to do sth.“做某事的方式”。故填to display。

【44题详解】

考查冠词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格后thin plastic sheet为lithopbane同位语表示“一块薄塑料板”，应使用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。

【45题详解】

考查名词复数形式。句意：用户可以在表面上移动手指，并感知物理图像的特征，如数据点和曲线。分析句子可知，空格处为动词perceive的宾语，feature是可数名词，根据句意应使用复数形式。故填features。

第四部分    写作(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以身边令你感动的一个时刻为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：

1.描述令你感动的时刻；

2.表达你的感悟。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Heart-melting Moment for Me

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】A Heart-melting Moment For Me

Things come and go, but there is always a moment that never fades out.

On a freezing afternoon, it was pouring outside. All of a sudden, a big branch was torn off a tree by wind and blocked the street, which might cause serious accidents. As I was wondering what to do, there came a deliveryman. He stopped to drag the branch to the side with all his strength, his body wet through.

Just at that moment, my heart melt. Ordinary as he is, he won my respect.

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性文。要求考生以身边令人感动的一个时刻为题，写一篇短文参加英语作文比赛。

【详解】1.词汇积累

消逝：fade out→ die away

寒冷的：freezing →chilly

突然地：All of a sudden →Unexpectedly

倾盆大雨：pouring →raining heavily

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：He stopped to drag the branch to the side with all his strength, his body wet through.

拓展句：He stopped to drag the branch to the side with all his strength, as a result of which his body was wet through.

【点睛】【高分句型1】All of a sudden, a big branch was torn off a tree by wind and blocked the street, which might cause serious accidents.（运用which引导非限制性定语从句）

【高分句型2】As I was wondering what to do, there came a deliveryman.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）

第二节(满分15分)

47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Freelancing is the kind of job that promises to free people from a regular nine-to-five employment to one where the hours are flexible. Such choice is a blessing for people who are held back by other demands but still want to earn an income or make good use of their skills. Freelancing means that there can be more than one source of income, often short-time assignments also known as “gigs”.

It is unsurprising that the conventional image of today’s freelancer is young, laptop-carrying citizens, hurrying for gigs in a shared workspace or coffee bar in an attempt to strike a better work-life balance for themselves. In fact, those in their 30s and 40s make up the largest amount of the freelancer population in the United States and other developed countries. The US is also seeing a rise in freelancing in the retirees. Such is the appeal of the gig economy, and it does not seem to be decreasing.

Is the gig industry truly all sunshine and rainbows, though? While such an industry appeals to many folks with different needs and wants, the lack of certainty makes working in the gig economy unstable. The absence of a steady source of income makes it difficult for people to cope with emergency. Not working permanently (长久地) for a company also means one does not get to enjoy the additional benefits, such as health-care welfare, typically afforded to a permanent employee.

Moreover, instability (不稳定性) leads to insecurity. As gigs vary and assignments may not occur frequently, it is difficult to plan for the future, highlighting one of the biggest problems of the gig economy: unreliability. When life, in this increasingly uncertain and complex world, lands you in trouble, it makes perfect sense to have a permanent job, to have a steady footing in order to deal with it.

In a word, there are many benefits that come with short-term employment and more flexible, convenient working arrangement. However, there are two sides to every story. The key here is to be the captain of one's ship and master of one's fate.

请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

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【答案】Freelancing refers to a job which enables people to work in a flexible way. It enjoys popularity among different age groups. Despite its appeal, the industry fails to provide secure income and other benefits. Its uncertainty also leads to insecurity, making it hard for freelancers to handle emergencies. Therefore, one should be aware of its pros and cons and take control of his life. (64词)

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是自由职业，以及自由职业的现状和优缺点。

【详解】1. 要点摘录：

①对freelancing下定义：Freelancing refers to a job which enables people to work in a flexible way.

②自由职业的优点：It enjoys popularity among different age groups.

③自由职业者不能享受社会福利：Not working permanently (长久地) for a company also means one does not get to enjoy the additional benefits.

④自由职业带来的不安全感：the lack of certainty makes working in the gig economy unstable.

⑤ 自由职业是人们不能及时处理紧急事件：The absence of a steady source of income makes it difficult for people to cope with emergency.

⑥对自由职业的客观评价：However, there are two sides to every story. The key here is to be the captain of one’s ship and master of one’s fate.

2.缜密构思：

将第3、4、5要点进行重组构成自由职业的不利之处。将要点6进行简化高度概括。

3.遣词造句：

The industry fails to provide secure income and other benefits.

Its uncertainty also leads to insecurity, making it hard for freelancers to handle emergencies.

Therefore, one should be aware of its pros and cons and take control of his life.

【点睛】【高分句型1】Freelancing refers to a job which enables people to work in a flexible way.（运用了which引导的定语从句）

【高分句型2】Its uncertainty also leads to insecurity, making it hard for freelancers to handle emergencies.（运用了现在分词短语making it hard作结果状语）

第五部分 口语交际(10 分)

试题及评分标准由学校备课组根据学生的情况自定。

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