高考英语45个高频词的一词多义和固定搭配

1
cost
The ticket cost me ten dollars.（此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。）
The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago. （此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。）

cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如:
① Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。)
② I must get the book at all costs. (at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。)
③ She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. (at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。)
2
deal


Teachers should deal fairly with their pupils. （此句中deal用作不及物动词,常和with连用,意为“对待”,这是deal的常用法。）

deal还有其它用法。如:
①She spent a good deal of money on new clothes. (a good deal of意为“很多,大量”后接不可数名词。)
②We tried to make sure everyone got a fair deal. (a fair deal意为“公平的待遇”。)
③My bank deals in stocks and shares now. (deal in意为“经营”。)
④The teacher dealt out the test papers to the students. (deal out意为“分发”。)
3
interest


interest在教材中的意思为“兴趣”和“使感兴趣”,分别作名词和动词用。
The money I borrowed from him was repaid with interest.
What he did was just to protect his own interests.
上面句子中的两个interest都作名词用。作“利息”讲时,为不可数名词;作“利益,好处”讲时,多用复数形式。
第一句可译为“我向他借的那笔钱是带息偿还的。”;第二句可译为“他所做的一切仅仅是为了保护他自己的利益。”
4
drive


Can you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。)
Let’s go for a drive in the country. (drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。)

除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。如：
①The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. (drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。)
②There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。)
③Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作动词,意思为“驱使”。)
④I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.(drive sth. home意思为“把……讲透彻,使充分理解”。)
⑤Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思为“把……赶跑”。)

5
join v.& n.


What club do you want to join?（此句中的join是及物动词,意为“加入,参加”,这是其最常见的用法。）

另外它还有其它用法。如:
①The two rivers join at the bridge.(此句中的join是不及物动词,意为“会合,联合,相遇”。)
②The two pieces were stuck together so well that we could hardly see the join.(此句中的join是名词,意为“连接处,接缝”。)

6
dream



dream在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。

dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：
Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。)
My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。)

7
know



I’ve known David for 20 years.
I hope we have taught our children to know right from wrong.
The old man has known both poverty and wealth.
know在教材中的意思为“知道,了解”,作动词用。在上面的三个句子中, know都作动词用,第一个know的意思为“认识”;第二个know的意思为“区分”;第三个know的意思为“亲身经历”。

8
fail


If you don’t work hard, you may fail.（此句中fail意为“失败;不及格,没有通过考试”。）

fail还有其它用法。如:
① He never fails to write to his mother every week.
(fail意为“忘记、忽视或未能做某事”。)
② She has been failing in health.
(fail in意为“(健康状况)衰退”。)
③ His friends failed him when he most needed them.
(fail意为“使失望, 辜负”。)
④ I had three passes and one fail.
(fail用作名词,意为“考试不及格”。)
⑤ I’ll be there at two o’clock without fail.
(without fail意为“肯定,一定,必定”。)

9
lead


lead在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“引导,领导”; 用作名词意为“领先；领先地位；带头”

除了教材中的用法外,lead还有以下几种用法。如：
Which road leads to the mountain? (lead用作动词,意思为“通向,通往”。)
My grandmother is leading a quiet life in the countryside. (lead用作动词,意思为“过某种生活”。)
Not having a balanced diet can lead to health problems. (lead用作动词,意思为“导致”。)
Her brother took the lead in the high jump. (lead用作名词,意思为“领先地位”。)
In this new film, she is the lead. (lead用作名词,意思为“主角”。)

10
fall


The leaves fall in autumn. （此句中fall用作动词,意为“落下,下降”,这是其常用法。）

fall还有其它用法。如:
①I had a fall and broke my arm. (fall用作名词,意为“跌落,掉下,降落”。)
②Our holiday plans fell through because of bad weather. (fall through 意为“落空,未能实现,成为泡影”。)
③My car is falling apart. (fall apart意为“破裂,破碎,散架”。)
④We fell about (laughing) when we heard the joke. (fall about意为“无法控制地大笑”。)
⑤Sam, please fall back on old friends in time of need. (fall back on意为“求助于,退到”。)

11
low


The sun is low in the sky. （此句中low用作形容词,意为“低的,矮的”,这是low的常用法。）

low还有其它用法。如:
① She’s been feeling rather low since her illness. (low用作形容词,意为“消沉的”。)
② The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy low and sell high. (low用作副词,意为“低价地,廉价地”。)
③ The gas is running low. (run low意为“几乎耗尽”。)

12
blind


She is blind in the left eye. （此句中blind用作形容词,意为“瞎的,盲人的”,这是blind的常用法。）

blind还有其它用法。如:
① The blinds were drawn to protect the new furniture from the sun. (blind用作名词,意为“窗帘,遮光物”。)
② The soldier was blinded in the explosion. (blind用作动词,意为“使失明”。)
③ This is a blind letter. (blind letter意为“因地址写得不清而无法投寄的信件”。)
④ He turned a blind eye to her mistakes. (turn a blind eye to意为“对……熟视无睹”。)
⑤ He’s blind as a bat without his glasses. (blind as a bat意为“完全看不见东西的”。)

13
film


大家都很熟悉film作名词时有“电影”的意思。

除此之外film还有其它的意思。如：
①I put a new roll of film in my camera. (film在此句中作名词,意思为“胶卷,胶片”。)
②It took them nearly a year to film this TV series. (film在此句中作动词,意思为“拍摄”。)
14
land


The pilot landed the plane safely in the heavy snow. （此句中的land用作及物动词,意为“使着陆”,这是land的常用法之一。）
The journey to the far side of the island is quicker by land than by sea. （此句中的land用作名词,意为“陆地,大地”,这是land的常用法之二。）

除了以上用法外,land还有其它用法。如:
① Many farmers are leaving the land to work in industry. (the land意为“农村,农业”。)
② The car will land you there in twenty minutes.(land用作动词,意为“使到达,把……送到某地”。)
③ He’s really landed himself in it this time. (land sb. / oneself in sth. 意为“使某人陷入困境”。)
④ He wants to see how the land lies before taking any action.( how the land lies意为“事态,形势,概况”。)

15
cause


She’s always causing trouble. （此句中cause用作及物动词,意为“使发生,引起”,这是cause的常用法。）

cause还有其它用法。如:
①Smoking is one of the causes of heart disease. (cause用作可数名词,意为“原因,理由”。)
②People fought for the cause of freedom and peace. (cause用作名词,意为“事业,目标”。)

16
full


The theater is full, I’m afraid you’ll have to wait for the next show. （此句中full用作形容词,意为“满的,充满的”,这是full的常用法。）

full还有其它用法。如:
① Jack hit him full in the face. (full用作副词,意为“直接地,精确地”。)
② Use your abilities to the full. (to the full 意为“充分地,彻底地”。)
③ He told me the story in full. (in full意为“全部地,全文地”。)
17
clean


We must keep our hands clean. （此句中的clean用作形容词,意为“干净的,清洁的”,这是clean的常用法之一。）
She is cleaning the blackboard. （此句中的clean用作动词,意为“弄干净,清洁”,这是clean的常用法之二。）

除了以上用法外,clean还有其它用法。如:
① I clean forgot about it. (clean用作副词,意为“彻底地,完全地,全部地”。)
② The car needs a good clean. (clean用作名词,意为“清洁过程,清扫”。)
③ The government should come clean about its plans. (come clean意为“说出真相,全盘招供”。)
④ We clean the machine down at the end of each day. (clean sth down 意为“擦洗干净”。)
⑤ The waiter hurried to clean up the pieces of the broken plates. (clean up意为“清理掉,收拾干净”。)

18
hold


hold在教材中的意思为“举行;召集;主持”,作动词用。
The plane holds about 200 passengers.
Who holds the world record for the high jump?
（上面两个句子中的hold还是动词的用法,但意思发生了变化,分别为“容纳”和“保持”。）
19
light


This is a room with good light. (light用作名词,意思为“光,光线”,是教材中的第一种用法。)
It is so light that I can carry it easily. (light用作形容词,意思为“轻的”,是教材中的第二种用法。)

light除了以上的常见用法外,还有下列几种用法。如：
①May I borrow your light? (light用作名词,意思为“火柴,打火机”。)
②Since you’re not well, you’d better do some light housework. (light用作形容词,意思为“轻松的,使人不疲劳的”。)
③My brother bought a bottle of light beer in the shop. (light用作形容词,意思为“低度酒的”。)
④Wait a moment. I’ll light a candle. (light用作动词,意思为“点燃”。)

20
home


home在教材中的第一个意思为“家”,作名词和副词用;第二个意思为“家庭的”,作形容词用。　
A lot of new homes are being built in the center of the town.
The home team took the lead after 25 minutes.
It’s time for home news.
在上面的三个句子中,第一个home作名词用,意思为“住宅,房子”;其余的两个作形容词用,意思分别为“主场的”和“国内的”。
21
mean


mean在教材中的意思为“意思是，打算”,作动词用。这是我们大家都熟悉的意思。

除此之外mean还有其它的意思。如：
①Mary has always been mean with money. (mean在此句中作形容词,意思为“吝啬的,小气的”。)
②Today the mean temperature is 10℃ in Shanghai. (mean在此句中作形容词,仅用于名词前,意思为“平均的”。)
22
mind


Would you mind helping me?（ 此句中mind用作动词,意为“介意,注意”,这是mind的常用法之一。）
He has a mind for science. （此句中mind用作名词,意为“头脑,思维”,这是mind的常用法之二。）

mind除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如:
①You must be out of your mind if you think I’m going to lend you $50! （be out of one’s mind意为“发狂,发疯,精神不正常”。)
②Keep your mind on the job! （keep one’s mind on sth.意为“继续专心于某事物”。)
③Her way of speaking put me in mind of her mother. (put sb. in mind of sb. / sth.意为“使某人想到或想起某人 / 某事物”。)
④—Who’s that letter from?
—Never you mind. (never you mind意为“不关你的事”。)

23
miss


We’ll miss you very much if you move. （此句中miss用作及物动词,意为“想念,怀念,思念”,这是miss的常用法。）

miss还有其它用法。如:
① After several misses he finally managed to hit the target. (miss用作名词,意为“失误,失败,击不中,回避”。)
② The offer of a year aboard with all expenses paid seemed too good to miss. (too good to miss意为“很吸引人或很有利而无法拒绝或放弃”。)
③ Bob will find out your secret — he doesn’t miss a trick!(not miss a trick意为“非常机警或警觉”。)

24
minute


They only took fifteen minutes to finish that job. （此句中minute用作名词,意为“分钟;片刻;一会儿”。）

minute还有其它用法，如:
①Your suggestion will be minuted. (minute用作动词,意为“将某事载入备忘录或会议记录”。)
②Her clothes are always right up to the minute. (up to the minute意为“最新的;时髦的”。)
③The detective studied the fingerprints in the minutest detail. (minute用作形容词,读作/mai’nju:t/,意为“极详细的;准确的”。)

25
move


She was too tired to move any further.（此句中move用作动词,意为“移动;搬动;迁移;运行”。）

move还有其它用法,如:
①He sat in the corner, watching my every move. (move用作名词,意为“地点或位置的变动”。)
②It’s getting dark. We’d better make a move. (make a move意为“出发;起程;动身”。)
③The price of eggs moved ahead today.(move ahead 意为“有进展;上涨”。)

26
rich



rich在教材中的意思为“富有的;富饶的”,作形容词用。
Do you like rich food?
Her new coat is in rich red.
上面句子中的两个rich也作形容词用,但是意思分别为“油腻的”和“(颜色)浓艳的”。
第一句可译为“你喜欢吃油腻的食物吗?”;第二句可译为“她的新大衣是艳红色。”
27
present



present 在教材中的意思为“礼物”和“现在,目前”,作名词用。
There were 300 people present at the wedding party.
We presented our English teacher with beautiful flowers.
The cinema will present Perhaps Love on Saturday.
You must present yourself well at an interview.
上面句子中的四个present,第一个作形容词用,意思为“出席的，到场的”;其余的三个都作动词用,意思分别为“赠送”、“上演,演出”和“展示”。
第一句可译为“有三百人出席了婚礼”;第二句可译为“我们把漂亮的花送给了英语老师”;第三句可译为“星期六这个电影院将上演《如果爱》”;第四句可译为“面试的时候你必须很好地展示自己”。
28
support


We strongly support the peace process. （此句中support用作及物动词,意为“支持”,这是support的常用法。）

support 还有其它用法。如:
①We couldn’t win the match without their support. (support用作名词,意为“帮助,支持”。)
② The results support our original theory. (support用作及物动词,意为“证实”。)

29
run


run在教材中的意思为“跑;奔跑”,作动词用。
My brother has no idea how to run a business.
I’m afraid the color will run if I wash your new skirt.
The discussion between the teachers and the students has run for two hours.
He has run short of money.
上面句子中的四个run都用作动词,但是意思发生了变化,分别为“管理;经营”、“掉色,退色”、“持续”和“用”。

30
pick


Only the best players were picked to play in this match. （此句中pick用作及物动词,意为“挑选,选择”,这是pick是常用法之一。）
You should not pick any of the flowers in the park.（此句中pick用作及物动词,意为“摘”,这是pick是常用法之二。）

pick还有其它用法。如:
① She felt that her parents were picking on her. (pick on sb.意为“挑剔、批评或责怪”。)
② She picked out a pink dress for her daughter. (pick out意为“挑选出”。)
③He picked the watch up from the carpet.（pick up意为“捡起”。）

31
trouble


We are having trouble with our new car. （此句中trouble用作不可数名词,意为“麻烦,烦恼,困难”,这是trouble的常用法。）

trouble还有其它用法。如:
① I am sorry to trouble you. (trouble用作及物动词,意为“麻烦,打扰”。)
② He took a lot of trouble over this design. (trouble用作名词,意为“工夫,力气”。)

32
pull


Pull your chair near the table. （此句中pull用作及物动词,意为“拉,拖”,这是pull的常用法。）

pull还有其它用法。如:
① The tides(潮汐) depend on the pull of the moon. (pull用作名词,意为“拉力,引力,磁力”。)
② He was pulled up by the boss. (pull sb. up意为“纠正某人,训斥某人”。)
33
stay


I’ll stay here till you come back.（此句中的stay是不及物动词,意为“停留,呆”,这是其最常见的用法。）

stay除了此用法外,还有其它用法,如:
① I made some friends during my stay in Beijing. (stay用作名词,意为“逗留/停留的一段期间”。)
② I don’t like you staying out so late. (stay out意为“不回家,呆在户外”。)
③ I stayed up very late last night. (stay up意为“不睡觉,熬夜”。)
④ You stay out of it. It’s none of your business. (stay out of sth. 意为“不参与某事,不插手某事”。)
34
train


在教材中用作名词,意思为“火车,列车”。

train除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：
①I’ve trained my dog to fetch my slippers. (train用作动词,意思为“培养,训练”。)
②His telephone call interrupted my train of thought. (train of thought是固定短语,意思为“思路,思绪”。)
③He trained his camera on the birds. (train sth. on / at sth. / sb. 意思为“用……对准/瞄准某事物或某人”。)

35
pay


Her parents paid for her to go to America. （此句中pay用作动词,意为“付钱,支付”,这是pay的常用法之一。）
What’s the pay like in your job?（此句中pay用作名词,意为“工资,薪水”,这是pay的常用法之二。）

除了以上用法外, pay还有其它用法。如:
① It doesn’t pay to get angry. (pay用作动词,意为“有利,值得”。)
② John has paid off all his debts. (pay off意为“付清,偿清”。)
③ I had to pay out $200 to get my car repaired! (pay out 意为“付出巨款”。)
36
stand


She was too weak to stand. (stand用作动词,意思为“站立;站着”,是教材中的第一种用法。)
I can’t stand him interrupting all the time. (stand用作动词,意思为“忍受”,是教材中的第二种用法。)

除了上面的常见用法外,stand还有下列几种用法。
①Our school stands between the bookshop and the hospital. (stand用作动词,意思为“位于某处”。)
②The building stands about 40 meters high. (stand用作动词,意思为“高度为,高达”。)
③There are 400 seats in the west stand. (stand用作名词,意思为“看台,观礼座”。)
④He bought some bananas at the fruit stand. (stand用作名词,意思为“货摊,货架”。)
37
term


term在教材中的意思为“学期”和“术语”,作名词用。
Tom’s father was made Mayor for a term of four years.
People between 13 and 19 are termed teenagers.
上面句子中的两个term,第一个还作名词用,意思为“期限”;第二个作动词用,意思为“把……称为/叫做”。
第一句可译为“汤姆的父亲被选为市长,任期四年”;第二句可译为“十三岁至十九岁之间的人被叫做青少年”。
38
question



There is no question about his success.（此句中的question是名词,意为“怀疑,疑问”,这是其最常见的用法。）

另外它还有其它的用法，如:
①I’d like to question you on your views about the housing problem. (此句中的question作及物动词,意为“问(某人)问题”。)
②His success is out of question.(out of question意为“没问题,办得到的”。)
③Watching the football match here seems to be out of the question.(out of the question意为“不可能的,办不到的”。)
39
vegetable


vegetable在教材中的意思为“蔬菜”和“植物”,作名词用。
The terrible accident turned him into a vegetable.
Since losing his job my brother has felt like a vegetable.
上面两个句子中的vegetable还是名词的用法,但意思发生了变化,分别为“植物人”和“生活单调乏味的人”。
40
raise

Please raise your hand if you agree with me.（此句中raise用作动词,意为“举起,使升高”。这是raise的常用法。）

raise还有其它用法。如:
① They are raising funds for charity.(raise用作及物动词,意为“筹集,募捐”。)
② Lucy raised her eyebrows in surprise. (raise one’s eyebrows意为“扬起眉毛”,表示不赞同或惊讶。)
③The workers are struggling for raising salaries.(raise用作及物动词,意为“提高”。)
④My uncle was raised in the USA.(raise用作及物动词,意为“抚养，养育”。)


41
subject


subject在教材中的意思为“学科;科目”,作可数名词用。
Smokers are more subject to heart attacks than non-smokers.
The football match may be put off subject to the weather.
Peter always subjects his wife to his will.
上面句子中的三个subject,前两个作形容词用,意思分别为“易遭受……的”和“取决于”;第三个作动词用,意思为“使顺从”。
第一句可译为“吸烟的人比不吸烟的人容易犯心脏病。”;第二句可译为“受天气的影响,足球比赛可能会推迟。”;第三句可译为“彼得总是让妻子顺从他的意愿。”
42
well


well在教材中有三种用法:用作副词时意思为“好,对,满意地”;用作形容词时意思为“身体好的”;用作感叹词时意思为“喔,噢,唔”;用作名词时意思为“井,水井”。

well除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。如：
①The boy is well able to look after himself. (well用作副词,意思为“完全地,彻底地,全部地”。)
②Her family is very well off. (well off是固定短语,意思为“有钱的,富裕的”。)
③Tears were welling up in her eyes. (well用作动词,意思为“流出,涌出”。)


43
room


在教材中作可数名词用时,意思为“房间”;作不可数名词用时,意思为“空间”。
It is important to give children room to think for themselves.
She roomed with Mary in college for two years.
上面两个句子中,第一个room作不可数名词用,意思为“机会”;第二个room作动词用,意思为“租房,合住”。
44
walk


I walked to school this morning because my bike was broken. (walk用作动词,意思为“步行”,是教材中的第一种用法。)
The Browns enjoy walking by the lake after supper. (walk用作动词,意思为“散步”,是教材中的第二种用法。)

walk除了以上的常见用法外,还有下列几种用法。如：
①My grandfather always walks his dog in the morning. (walk用作动词,意思为“牵着动物走,溜”。)
②My boyfriend walked me home last evening. (walk用作动词,意思为“陪伴……走,护送……走”。)
③My father has friends from all walks of life. (walk用作名词,a walk of life为固定短语,意思为“行业,阶层”。)
45
warm


The weather is a bit warmer today. (warm用作形容词,意思为“温暖的,暖和的”,是教材中的用法。)

除了上面的用法外,warm还有下列几种用法。如：
①My mother is a very warm person. (warm用作形容词,意思为“热心的,友好的”。)
②I warmed myself at the fire. (warm用作动词,意思为“使温暖,使暖和”。)
③Please warm up the milk. (warm用作动词,意思为“使变热,热一热”。)