2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义与练习-动词语态（牛津译林版）

这是一份2023年中考英语二轮复习专项讲义与练习-动词语态（牛津译林版），共4页。试卷主要包含了 一般现在时的被动语态， 一般过去时的被动语态， 一般将来时的被动语态， 含有情态动词的被动语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。
知识点 1 语态的种类
动词的语态可分为主动语态和被动语态。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用_______语态；当主语是动作的承受者时，动词用_________语态。
知识点 2 常考的被动语态的结构
1. 一般现在时的被动语态：主语+ am/ is/ are +动词过去分词。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态：主语+ was/ were +动词过去分词。
3. 一般将来时的被动语态：主语+shall/ will + be +动词过去分词。
主语+is/am/are ging t+be +动词的过去分词
4. 含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+be+动词过去分词。
另外几个时态的被动语态的结构：
现在进行时：am / is / are + being +p.p.
过去进行时：was / were+ being +p.p.
现在完成时：have / has + been +p.p.
小试牛刀：
(1)My hmewrk can _____________________(finish) in tw hurs .
(2)Trees ______________________(plant) in spring .
(3)The huse ___________________(build) last year .
(4)The car ______________________(repair) nw.
(5)The classrm ________________________(clean) by the students at 4 ’clck yesterday.
(6)The light _____________________(turn) ff. We can be ff nw.
(7)Lei Feng ________________________(remember) by us frever .
注意点1：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictinary.→He ____________a dictinary by his teacher.
也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用t或者fr引出原句的间接宾语。如：His teacher gave him a dictinary.→A dictinary ________________________him by his teacher. /His father made him a kite.→A kite ______________________ him by his father.
give/send/shw/pass/hand sth t sb
buy/make/ck/build sth fr sb
②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加t.如：The bss made the pr man wrk 12 hurs a day.→The pr man was made ____________2 hurs a day.
see/watch /ntice/hear/find sb d sth--- sb be seen/watched/nticed/heard/fund t d sth
make/let/have sb d sth--- sb be made/let/had t d sth
③“动词+…+介词”改为被动时,介词一般在原位不动。如：The girl takes gd care f her little brther.→The girl’s little brther _______________________by her.
perate n/ laugh at/ pay attentin t/ speak t/lk dwn n/depend n...
④ 系动词没有被动结构（用主动表示被动）。如 This fd tastes delicius.
lk/sund/smell/taste/feel+adj
⑤ 不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 如：A car accident happened near my neighburhd last night.
happen/rise/last/die/appear/take place/break dwn/break ut/ cme ut/run ut/...
⑥实义动词+副词，表属性， 主动表被动。如：sell well/ grw well/ write smthly/ wash easily...
⑦ sth+be wrth+ding / sth+be adj.+t d/ sth need/require ding ,主动表被动。
如：The bk is wrth_______________(read).
Gldfish are easy _________________(lk) after.
My bike needs _______________(repair).
注意点2：
①“be+过去分词”未必表示被动语态,而可能是系表结构。如：
He is pleased / wrried / tired /…….(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……)
②It’s said/ reprted/believed/ knwn/thught that... 据说/据报道/据信/众所周知/人们认为...
例题解析：
( )1.In Chinese culture，children brn in the year f the Mnkey ______ t be smart.
say B. said C. will be said D. are said
分析与解答：此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意为“在中国文化中，人们认为猴年出生的孩子很聪明”。分析句子结构，主语children与say是被动关系，根据上下文可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be+动词过去分词”。
( )2.His car ______ five years ag, but it lks quite new.
buys B. bught C. is bught D. was bught
分析与解答：此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“他的车是五年前买的，但它看起来还很新”。his car和buy是被动关系，且由five years ag可知句子应用过去时态。
( )3.The villagers expect that the building f the bridge ______ befre the rainy seasn cmes.
A. is cmpleted B. was cmpleted
C. will be cmpleted D. has been cmpleted
分析与解答：此题考查动词的语态。句意为“村民们期盼在雨季来临前这座桥将竣工”。the building f the bridge和cmpleted是被动关系，且由句意可知，时态用一般将来时。
中考真题：
( )1. Our schl library _________ with plants, lvely desks and chairs, s I feel relaxed while studying r
reading there.
A. decrates B. decrated C. is decrated D. was decrating
( )2. Nw teenagers _________ t d vluntary wrk fr their lcal cmmunities.
A. are encuragedB. were encuragedC. have encuragedD. are encuraging
( )3. Mre dinsaur fssils(化石), including ftprints, bnes r eggs, culd _______ in the future.
A. discver B. be discvered C. have discvered D. be discvering
( )4. --- D we have t read anything next week, Mr Wu?
--- Sure, Yu _________ t read Black Beauty frm pages 58 t 85.
A. were expected B. will expect C. are expecting D. are expected
( )5. ---Sir, I have truble ding the vluntary wrk fr the 20th Games f Jiangsu Prvince in Taizhu.
---Dn’t wrry. A lt f supprt ________ sn.
A. is ffered B. will be ffered C. was ffered D. were ffered
( )6. Rainbws ________ when sunlight passes thrugh small drps f water in the sky.
A. prduce B. prduced C. are prduced D. were prduced
( )7. ---Gd news! The Undergrund Line 1 in Nantng _______ t cme int service sn.
--- That’s great! Transprt will becme much easier fr us.
A. will be expected B. is expected C. expects D. is expecting
( )8. The 19th Asian Games _________ in Hangzhu in September 2022. I can’t wait.
A. were held B. will be held C. have held D. are held
( )9. Last year Huai’an Flyver(高架) _______. Nw it brings much cnvenience t peple.
A. finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. was finished
( )10. The 2nd Games f Qinghuai District ________ n March 28, 2021 t make mre peple realize the
imprtance f health.
A. held B. has held C. is held D. was held
( )11. ---Mum , when shall we g t watch the cherry blssms in Wenfeng Park?
---_________ yur hmewrk ________ tmrrw.
A. Until; will be finished B. Until; has finished
C. Nt until; will finish D. Nt until; is finished
( )12. ---Aunt Li, wh is the lvely by in red in the picture?
---It’s my sn. The picture ________ 10 years ag.
A. tk B. is taken C. has taken D. was taken
( )13. ---Can Mr King spare sme time fr the charity shw?
--- If he______, he will try his best t make it.
A. will be invited B. will invite C. is invited D. invites
强化练习：
()1. A library with five thusand bks ________ t the natin as a gift.
A. is fferedB. has fferedC. are fferedD. have ffered
()2. Thanks t the Internet, different kinds f infrmatin ________ in a shrt time.
A. can be learnedB. has been learnedC. can learnD. has learned
()3. Tm said he had never been there, but he was ________.
A. layB. liedC. lyingD. lie
()4. The 2nd Yuth Olympic Games was ___ n TV. S everyne culd watch it at hme.
A. cvering liveB. cvered livelyC. cver liveD. cvered live
()5. Lk at ur new schl. It ________ last year.
A. builtB. was builtC. is builtD. will be built
()6. The classrm ________ by her every day.
A. cleansB. is cleanedC. is cleaningD. are cleaned
()7. ---Susan, why are yu still here? They are all ready t start.
---I am srry, but I ________ when t start.
A. dn’t tldB. didn’t tellC. wasn’t tldD. haven’t tld
()8. The ld shuld ________ well.
A. be take care fB. lk afterC. be lked afterD. be taking care f
()9. ---Mm, my classmates are playing utside. Can I jin them?
---Nt until yur hmewrk ________.
A. finishesB. is finishedC. finishedD. was finished
()10. We ________ that the meeting had been put ff.
A. were tldB. tldC. tell himD. are tld
()11. Neither Jam nr his parents _____ places f interest here since they came t China.
A. will visitB. has visitedC. have visitedD. visited
()12. Zhangzhu will be mre and mre cnvenient(方便的) when Zhangzhu Subway _____ in tw years.
A. is cmpletedB. will be cmpletedC. will cmpleteD. has cmpleted
()13. By ________ was the bk ________?
A. wh; wrteB. whm; writeC. whm; writtenD. whm; writing
()14. The by ________ streets withut pay in the ld days.
A. was made t cleanB. made cleanC. made t cleanD. was made clean
()15. ---Ftball ________ by the British at the beginning f last century.
---That’s prbably why ftball is ne f the mst ppular games in England.
A.plays B. is played C. played D. was played
( )16. Nw waste frm daily life in the city f Shanghai _____ t be separated int fur different grups.
A. is requiring B. is requiredC. was requiredD. required
()17. This pair f trusers _________ smth because they are made f Chinese silk.
A. feelsB. feelC. is feltD. are felt
()18. The China Internatinal Search and Rescue Team has brught help and hpe t peple in disasters
arund the wrld since it __________ 18 years ag.
A. set upB. is set upC. was set upD. will be set up
()19. A lt f new rads __________ in rder t develp the villages in the next five tears.
A. buildB. were builtC. buildD. will be built
()20. The match __________ because f the bad weather. What a pity!
A. will cancelB. has cancelledC. was cancelledD. is cancelling
()21. ---Have yu finished yur reprt n green life?
---Nt yet. I’ll make it if I __________ anther tw days.
A. give B. am given C. will giveD. will be given
()22. Train tickets __________ nline. It is cnvenient.
A. sldB. were sldC. are sldD. have sld
()23. My advice n hw t save paper ________ by my class last Mnday.
A. acceptsB. acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted
()24. The weatherman says a rain shwer __________ this afternn in the suth.
A. expectsB. expectedC. is expectedD. was expected
()25. A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and __________ with a special party.
A. is celebratedB. is celebratingC. was celebratedD. celebrates
()26. We are ging t take the high-speed train t Xi’an tmrrw, s an early arrival at the statin ______.
A. advises B. is advisedC. is advising D. was advised
()27. It’s reprted that anther theatre __________ in September this year.
A. cmpletesB. is cmpletedC. will cmpleteD. will be cmpleted
()28. ---My father wrks in Taizhu. He spends much time driving hme every day.
---Dn’t wrry abut that. It’ll be easier when the expressway __________.
A. buildsB. will buildC. is builtD. will be built
()29. ---There is t much salt in the Chinese diet.
---S there is. WHO says nly 1.5 grams f salt __________ fr each man every day.
A. is neededB. needsC. will needD. has needed
()30. Yur hmewrk must be ______ this mrning, r yu can’t hand it in n time.
A. finish B. finished C. finishes D. finishing