所属成套资源:【小升初专题】小升初英语语法专题讲练 知识点讲解与考题精练 ( 共21讲 )
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小升初语法专题讲练第13讲:介词(二)
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这是一份小升初语法专题讲练第13讲:介词(二),共9页。
小升初英语复习的有效方法和技巧当小升初英语考试即将来临时,每个小学六年级的学生几乎都要好好地做好准备,并且为小升初英语考试备考,不过我们要如何复习才能够让我们的英语成绩提高呢?这里与大家分享小升初英语复习的有效方法。1、小升初并没有固定的词汇量,涉及的词类较多,做题时要求看懂的词汇很大。掌握单词除了要掌握拼读,词义外,还要掌握其用法,如动词要掌握单词各种时态的变化,固定搭配等。2、分模块复习所学的英语语法知识点,把握英语学习框架。小升初考试当中,语法为重点考查部分,单纯考查语法的单项选择题分值较大。同时,在完形填空题,主观题当中也会涉及到对语法知识的考查。六年级的英语学习不但要进行系统的语法学习,还应掌握语法题的应试解题技巧。将语法体系按词法、句法、时态语态及综合能力进行系统学习。3、除了积累单词和学习相应的语法知识点,还要注意应试技巧训练,掌握解题要点。在六年级的学习中,需要通过对小升初真题及模拟题的专项训练,掌握小升初英语考试解题技巧。 小升初语法第13讲:介词(二)知识点讲解与考题精练(有答案) 前面我们主要讲了时间介词,本节课我们蛀牙讲解地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。下面一起来看看吧。【知识点1】地点、方位介词at, in, on, above, below的用法at 表示在某个具体地点,即“小地方”(比城市小),如:at home at school at the bus stationat the corner at the top of at the school gateat the crossroads at the foot of at the airportin “在…之中”,表示在某范围之内,或某个地方(城市,国家等大地方),如:There are many books in my schoolbag.My grandparents are in Beijing now.固定搭配:in the car in the middle of in the libraryin the hospital in Shanghai in China in the world in the east in the sky注意:在某个地理范围内的“东、南、西、北”方,也用in, 如:Shanghai is in the east of China.on“在…之上”,表示某物体上面并与之接触,如:My book is on the table.固定搭配:on the desk on the wall on the playgroundon the road on the right/left on a bus/trainon the shelf on one’s way to on both sides of the river注意:地理上与某个地方接壤的“东、南、西、北”方,用on, 如:Shanghai is on the south of Jiangsu.补充:地理上与某个地方不接壤的“东、南、西、北”方,用to, 如:Japan is to the east of China.above 意为“高出…”,“超过…”,指在……上方,不一定在正上方(正上方用over),与below相对,如:The plane is flying above the clouds.below 意为“在……之下,低于”,不一定在正下方(正下方用under),如:The fish were swimming below the surface of the water.图示总结 易混淆的地点介词 on, over, above 两者都表示“在...上面”,介词on的两者有接触; over表示“在...正上方”,两者不接触,强调垂直上方; above 指“在……之上”指相对高度,不一定是正上方,其反义词是below。The apple is on the table. 苹果在桌子上。The lamp hung over the table. 。The plane flew above the clouds. below, under(1)below表示“在下方或位置低于……”,不一定有“垂直在下”之意 The temperature will fall below zero tomorrow. (2)under表示“在……正下方” There are many bikes under the trees. in, at, on 前面我们学了in, on, at作为时间介词时,根据后街时间长短排序为in>on>at, 同样,in和at作为地点介词时,从后接范围大小看仍然符合in>at。in +大地点, at +小地点They will arrive in Pairs in a few hours. 几小时后他们到达巴黎。They will arrive at the train station soon. 他们很快将到达火车站。✩ 特殊的地点介词用法:on the farm在农场, in the hotel在旅店 between, among between和 among都表示“在...之间”,between表示“在两者之间”,among表示“在三者或三者以上之间”。I have to finish my homework between 7 and 9. 我们必须在7点到9点之间完成家庭作业。 She is the tallest among her classmates. 她在同学中是最高的。 across, through(1) across表示“横过;穿过;从一边到另一边” (表面) He walked across the road carefully. (2) through表示“从一头到另一头;穿过;从头到尾”(空间内) He walked through the forest alone. in front of, in the front of 这两个介词短语都可以表示“在...前面”。in front of表示在某个范围以外,“在某人或某物的前面”,存在于某人或某物之外。in the front of表示在某个范围以内,“在...的前部”,包含于某物之内。我们可以记作:没the在外面,有the在里面。Lisa is standing in front of the car. 丽萨站在汽车前面。(在车外)Lisa is sitting in the front of the car. 丽萨坐在汽车前面。(在车里) in, on, to 在表示某个位置的方向时,我们常用到in, on, to 这三个介词。这三个方位介词的区别如下:(1) in在范围内Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北部。(范围内)(2) on是相邻且接壤Canada is on the north of American. 加拿大在美国的北边。(相邻且接壤)(3) to是相邻不接壤Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。(相邻不接壤) in, onin the tree: 在树上(外来的,如鸟等)on the tree:在树上(本来就有的,树上结的果子、树叶等)【知识点2】其他常用介词表示方式、手段的介词常见的表示手段的介词有by(通过)、in(用)、through(通过,凭借)、with(用)等。You can book the tickets by phone. 你可以通过电话订票。Her parents always talk to her in English. 她父母总是用英语跟她说话。She shouted his name in a loud voice. 她大声呼喊他的名字。I heard about it through a friend. 我通过一位朋友听到这个消息。I saw it with my own eyes. 我是亲眼所见。表示原因的介词常用的表示原因的介词有for(由于)、from(由于)、with(由于)等。这三个介词在表示原因时用法有一些区别。(1) for表示原因通常与sorry, famous, thank等词连用I’m sorry for what I did. 我为我做的事情感到抱歉。(2) from表示自然和直接的理由、原因或动机She felt sick from tiredness. 她因劳累感到不舒服。(3) with指生理上或情感上由外界到内心的原因He jumped with joy on hearing the good news. 听到那个消息他高兴地跳了起来。表示“除...外”的介词表示“除...外”的介词除了except, 还有but, except for, besides等。这四个词/词组在用法上有一些差别。(1) except仅表示“除了...”,强调“排除在外”Everyone watched the movie except me. 除了我之外,每个人都看了那部电影。(2) but多用在序数词及某些不定代词如nothing, all, anything等之后There’s nothing but yourself in the mirror. 除了镜子里的你自己,别无他物。(3) besides表示“除了...还有”,强调“另外还有”Besides some books, he also bought some pencils. 除了一些书之外,他还买了一些铅笔。(4) except for表示“除了...”,用来引出一个相反的原因或者事例Your composition is well written except for a few misspellings. 除了一些拼写错误之外,你的作文写得还不错。 介词专项训练一、单项选择。( )1.He's very proud his father.A.of B.with C.for( )2.I always go for a walk with my grandfather dinner.A.after B.by C.before( )3.I'll be waiting your letter.A.for B.of C.at( )4.He was born September14th,1986.A.at B.on C.in( )5.--How did you go to school?-- bus.A.Buy B.By C.On( )6.Let's have a party you.A.for B.to C.at( )7.Is it Wednesday Thursday?A.or B.and C.with( )8.How do you get the USA China?A.to;from B./form C.in;to( )9.My birthday party will be 7 o'clock Sunday evening.A.at;on B.in;on C.at;in( )10.They play basketball fun Saturday.A.on;for B.for;on C.for;in( )11.In China,drivers drive the side of the road.A.on;left B.on;right C.in;right( )12.There is going to be a football match Class 1 Class2.A.and;and B.in;and C.between;and( )13.The students are learning the maple tree the Internet now.A.with;in B.about;on C.to;at( )14.I often clean my room Saturday.A.in B.at C.on D./( )15.I usually come to school .A.by a bus B.on foot C.on feet D.on bus( )16.For many western people,they drink cold water even winter.A.on B.for C.at D.in( )17.Taiwan is the southeast of China.A.on B.in C.at D.by( )18.Kate wants cabbage breakfast.A.to eat;for B.eat;for C.to eat;o D.eat;on( )19.Can you tell me something your school life?A.on B.about C.in D.with( )20.Look!Lucy is a new red dress.She is beautiful today.A.with B.put on C.in D.wear( )21.A:What do you have dinner?B:I have rice and fish.A.for;some B.for;a few C.with;some D.for;many( )22.A red apple is the short tree,a small bird is the tall tree.A.on;on B.in;in C.on;in D.in;on( )23.--Is there a classroom building the school?--Yes,and there are some tall trees the classroom building.A.in front of;in front of B.in the front of;in front ofC.in the front of;in the front of D.in front of;in the front of 参考答案1.A 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.C 23.B
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