Unit 3 Celebrations【过知识】（教师版+学生版）-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习（北师大版2019必修第一册）

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北师大版2019必修第一册
Unit 3 CELEBRATIONS【过知识】
Step 1 考点必备
【过单词】
重点单词
►核心词汇——写其形
1．____________ vt. 给……填馅；填，塞
2．____________ n. 风俗，习惯；传统
3．____________ n. 努力；力气
4．____________ n. 描述，报道
5．____________ vt. 代表
6．____________ vt. 环绕，围绕
7．____________ prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
8．____________ n. 字，字体；人物，角色
9．____________ vt. 吓唬；使(某人)惊恐
10．____________ adj. 具体的，特定的
►阅读词汇——知其意
1．cuisine n. ________________
2．thoroughly adv. ________________
3．humbly adv. ________________
4．awesome adj. ________________
5．awful adj. ________________
6．hotpot n. ________________
7．firecracker n. ________________
8．swallow vi. & vt. ________________
9．ballet n. ________________
10．merry adj. ________________
►拓展词汇——通其变
1．behave v．(举止或行为)表现；(机器等)运转→________ n．行为，举止
2．teens n．13至19岁的年龄；十几岁→________ adj.青少年的→________ n．青少年；十几岁的孩子
3．fortune n．机会；运气；前途，命运；大笔的钱；巨款→________ adj.幸运的→________ adv.幸运地
4．proper adj.合适的→________ adv.合适地，适当地
5．expect v．期望→________ adj.期待的，期望的
6．joy n．欢欣，愉快，喜悦→________ v．从……获得乐趣；享受→________ adj.使人愉快的，令人快乐的→________ n．愉快，欢乐，乐趣
7．origin n．起源→________ adj.原先的，最早的，最初的
8．decorate vi. & vt.装饰，布置，美化→________ n．装饰，装修
9．congratulate vt.祝贺→________ n．恭喜，祝贺
10．occasion n．重要的社交活动；时刻，时候→________ adj.偶尔的→________ adv.偶尔地；偶尔
11．stick v．粘贴；粘住→________ adj.黏性的，黏的


【过短语】

►高频短语——记得牢
1．________________ 端午节
2．________________ 使某物爆炸
3．________________ 把……吓跑
4．________________ 尽力
5．________________ 遇到某人的目光；吸引某人的注意
6．________________ 不再
7．________________ 阴历月，农历月
8．________________ 扫除；清除
9．________________ 就……而言
10．________________ 搬来(和某人)一起居住


【过句式】
1．It is＋过去分词＋that...
________________ when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们认为，“福”倒过来贴时，幸福就会来临。
2．the moment引导时间状语从句
Every year, ________________ I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents—I know that I am heading home to my family.
每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围，我意识到我踏上了回家的路。
3．It＋is＋adj. (＋for/of sb.) ＋to do sth.
Also, when you arrive, ________________ and thank the host for inviting you.而且，在你到达的时候，有礼貌的做法是问候并感谢主人的邀请。
4．whenever引导的时间状语从句
Now, ________________ the writer makes sugar biscuits, her grandma comes to mind.现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她的奶奶就浮现在眼前。



【过语法】

语法专题——被动语态
(1) 被动语态的用途
[观察1]
The plan was successfully carried out.
这个计划成功地实施了。
Many houses were destroyed in the hurricane.
很多房子在飓风中被毁。
[发现1]　当强调动作的承受者，将承受者作为谈话的中心时用被动语态。
[观察2]
All the work has been finished by now.
到现在为止，所有的工作都做完了。
The old stone bridge was built in the 1870s.
这座古老的石桥建于19世纪70年代。
[发现2]　当不必知道或不知道动作的执行者时用被动语态。
[观察3]
The window glass of the car was broken by a stone.这辆汽车的车窗玻璃是被石头击碎的。
The programme will be broadcast by the local radio station.这个节目将由当地电台播放。
[发现3]　当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时用被动语态。
[高考题例/即学即练]
①在城市大学的第二年，我被告知教育部门提供了一门“免费的”课程，叫“思维棋”……
During my second year at the city college, I __________________ (tell) that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess...
②回到家里，埃勒斯被那只走失的狗困扰着。
Back home, Ehlers __________________ (trouble) that lost dog.
③所有的骑乘者都配有反光马夹和安全灯。
All riders __________________ (equip...with) reflective vests and safety lights.
④一名救援工作者冒着生命危险成功解救了两名被困山中两天的游客。
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
(2) 各种时态的被动语态的构成
[观察]
①Breakfast is provided for free in our hotel.
我们旅馆免费提供早餐。
②I was invited to attend the party last week.
上周我被邀请去参加了聚会。
③The factory will be completed in two months.
这家工厂将在两个月后完工。
④The river is being polluted by the factory day and night.
这条河流正日日夜夜地被这家工厂污染。
⑤The hurt player was being sent to the hospital.
那位受伤队员正在被送往医院。
⑥All the dishes have been eaten up.
所有的菜都被吃完了。
⑦All the work had been finished before we got there.
我们到那儿之前，所有的工作都做完了。
⑧The museum will have been built by 2024.
到2024年时，这个博物馆就会盖好了。
[发现]

各种时态的被动语态
谓语的构成
观察例句
一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are＋过去分词
①
一般过去时的被动语态
was/were＋过去分词
②
一般将来时的被动语态
will/shall be＋过去分词
③
现在进行时的被动语态
am/is/are being＋过去分词
④
过去进行时的被动语态
was/were being＋过去分词
⑤
现在完成时的被动语态
has/have been＋过去分词
⑥
过去完成时的被动语态
had been＋过去分词
⑦
将来完成时的被动语态
will/shall have been＋过去分词
⑧
[高考题例/即学即练]
①这周我的洗衣机正在维修，因此我不得不用手洗我的衣服。
My washing machine ______________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
②但是，在1897年，那儿发现了金子，两年之后，它就成了西部最大的城市之一，人口有30 000。
But gold __________________ (discover) there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30，000.
③狗的饮食习惯需要有规律的训练才能正确建立。
A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly __________________ (establish).
④农村的学校教育只分为夏季和冬季两个学期，这样做可以让孩子们在春播和秋收时有时间在农场给大人帮忙。
Rural schooling ________ (divide) into summer and winter terms, leaving kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.
(3) 被动语态的其他构成
[观察]
①Something must be done to stop these accidents.
必须采取某种措施以防止这些事故。
②We got delayed because of the holiday traffic.
因为节日交通阻塞，所以我们被耽误了。
③Good use is made of the new library.
这个新图书馆的利用率很高。
[发现]
①含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成。
②在英语口语中，有时可用“get＋过去分词”构成被动语态。
③“动词＋名词＋介词”构成的短语动词可以把名词提前构成被动语态，注意别漏掉介词。
[高考题例/即学即练]
①只有经过培训才能使用灭火器。
Use a fire extinguisher only if you ____________________ (train) to do so.
②一部英文电影短片，叫《一起成长》，将于晚上7：30在学校礼堂放映。
An English short film, called Growing Together, will ________________ (show) in the school hall at 7：30 pm.
③你必须叫伊丽莎白·加拉格尔，并且有加拿大护照。
You must be ________ (name) Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian passport.
④与此同时，我的马受惊了，跳了起来，四处狂奔。
Meanwhile, my horse got ________ (frighten), jumped up, and ran around wildly.
(4) 主动表被动
[观察]
These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
The plan proved practical. 这个计划证明是可行的。
The door won't lock. 门锁不上。
The pen writes smoothly. 这只钢笔写起来很流畅。
[发现]　有些不及物动词或短语表示主语的某种属性，常用主动表被动。如：read, prove, write, sell, wash, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, turn out, work out等。
[高考题例/即学即练]
①帕尔森和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能被扫进一堆厨房垃圾里了……
Parsons and her husband now think the ring probably got ________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish...
②它(地铁)涂有白色的隧道，亮丽的红色车厢，证明非常受公众欢迎。
It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages, and ________ (prove) extremely popular with the public.
③有些妥协是不可避免的，但是该录像结果非常完美。
Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video ______________ (turn out) perfect.

语法专练


Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．When you go abroad, you'll find that so many products in local shops ________ (make) in China.
2．Though she often makes her little brother cry, she was made ________ (cry) by him this morning.
3．The mobile phone has influenced people's life a lot since it ________ (invent).
4．This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ________ (sell) well.
5．—Excuse me, I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
—Sorry. The book you ask for ________ (sell) out.
6．After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it ________ (decorate).
7．If nothing ________ (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
8．Unless some extra money ________ (find), the theatre will close.
9．When fat and salt ________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
10．Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________ (pay) by the hour.
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1．这本书出版于1988年。
________________________________________________________________________
2．地球表面大部分被水覆盖。
________________________________________________________________________
3．这本书值得一读。
________________________________________________________________________
4．那个男孩吸烟时被逮住了。
________________________________________________________________________
5．不应该夏天种树。
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅲ.单句语法填空(高考题改编)
1．I hear you ________ (invite) to dinner at your Chinese friend's house.
2．The city ________ (crowd) with disappointed people with no interest in setting down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City.
3．Once his message ________ (deliver), he allowed me to stay and watch.
4．My washing machine ________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
5．A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains for two days.
Ⅳ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We have an old musical instrument. It 1.________ (call) a clavichord (古钢琴). It 2.________ (make) in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord 3.________ (keep) in the living room. It 4.________ (belong) to our family for a long time. The instrument 5.________ (buy) by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it 6.________ (damage) by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings 7.________ (break). My father 8.________ (shock). Now we 9.________ (not allow) to touch it. It 10.________ (repair) by a friend of my father's now.




Step 2 考点突破
►第一版块|重点单词
1．occasion n．重要的社交活动，场合；时刻，时候；时机，机会　occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的　occasionally adv.有时候；偶尔
on a great/happy occasion 在这一伟大的/欢乐的庆典上
on such an important occasion 在如此重要的场合
on this occasion 这次
on that occasion 那次
on occasion(s)(＝occasionally) 偶尔；偶然；有时
on the occasion of... 在……之际
on the occasion of one's retirement 在某人退休之际
[学法点拨](1)occasion作先行词时，如果指场合，则用where引导定语从句；如果指时间，则用when引导定语从句。
This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.
这场合不适合笑，你必须严肃对待。
I can remember a few occasions when all flights were cancelled because of the bad weather.
我记得有几次所有航班因天气恶劣而取消了。
(2)在定语从句中，先行词指物，从句中缺少宾语，则用关系代词which。
Good parents turn every meal into a special occasion which they can use to discipline their kids.好的父母把每顿饭都变成一个特殊的场合，他们可以用来管教自己的孩子。
(3)在定语从句中，当position，point，case，stage，situation等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用关系副词where引导。
Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
导购员是一个沟通能力和销售技能同样重要的职位。
I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
我已经达到人生中自己拿主意的地步。
◎单句语法填空
①________ occasion, he takes a walk by the river in the morning to breathe in some fresh air.
②Occasions are quite rare ________ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
③He spent five years in Paris, with ________ (occasion) visits to Italy.
④As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ________ (occasion).

2．graduation n．毕业　graduate n．毕业生，学士学位获得者　v．毕业；获得学位(尤指学士)；授予学位或毕业文凭
after graduation 毕业后
graduation day 毕业日
a graduate of Yale University/a Yale University graduate 耶鲁大学毕业生
a high school graduate 中学毕业生
a graduate in history 历史学学士
a science graduate 理科学士
a graduate student/course 研究生；研究生课程
graduate from college 大学毕业
graduate in... 获得……学士学位
graduate sb. 授予某人学位或毕业文凭
◎单句语法填空
①As the approaching ________ (graduate) ceremony, the sadness of departure hangs over the whole class.
②We would prefer to fill the post with ________ recent graduate.
③At present the organisation has to rely on young, inexperienced ________ (graduate).
④When the boys graduated ________ high school, Ann moved to a small town in Vermont.
⑤Tom has just graduated with first-class honours ________ psychology.
⑥After he ________ (graduate) from high school, he joined the army.

3．decorate vi. & vt.装饰，布置，美化；粉刷，油漆，糊墙纸　decoration n．装饰，装饰物；勋章，奖章
decorate the room with flowers 用花装饰房间
be decorated with flowers 用花装饰
Christmas decorations 圣诞节装饰品
a table decoration 餐桌装饰物
party decorations 聚会装饰品
◎单句语法填空
①During the National Day holiday, all the streets are decorated ________ colourful flags, flowers and balloons.
②Before moving into the new flat, he had it ________ (decorate) completely.
③At my eighth birthday party I received a pencil box ________ (decorate) with some cartoon pictures on the top.
④The stairs ________ (decorate) with colourful balloons to celebrate the wedding of the young couple.
⑤She picked a large bunch of flowers for table ________ (decorate).
⑥The only wall ________ (decorate) are candles and a single mirror.

4．present adj.现在的；出席　n．礼物；现在，目前　v．颁发；赠送；提出；展现；莅临
(1)present sth. to sb.＝present sb. with sth. 送给某人某物
present a medal to each winner＝present each winner with a medal 给每位获胜者颁发奖牌
(2)be present at the meeting 出席会议
the present government 现政府
the present situation 当前的形势
present adj.
at present 现在，目前
for the present 暂时，暂且
◎单句语法填空
①The music can't ________ (present) today the way it was in 1908 or 1958.
②The principal ________ (present) a diploma ________ each of the graduates.
◎完成句子
③________________ (目前), the world has about 6，800 languages.
④The pride in who we are is definitely not only a part of our past, it determines our ______________________ (现在和未来).

5．account n．描述，报道；账户，账号；账，账目　vt.(for)在(数量上、比例上)占；是……的原因；解释，说明　 　　
give an account of... 描述……
an Internet/email account 互联网/电子邮件账户
do the accounts 记账
an account book 账本，账簿
have an account at/with a bank 在银行有账户
open/close an account 开立/结清账户
a joint account 联合账户
account for 是……的原因；解释；(数量上/比例上)占
on account of 因为，由于
take account of /take...into account 考虑到，顾及
on no account/not on any account 决不，绝对不(位于句首要用部分倒装)
◎单句语法填空
①Several eyewitnesses' ________ (account) differed considerably from the official version of events.
②I've opened ________ account with a building society.
③It is said that body language accounts ________ 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
④________ no account can we tolerate violence against children.
⑤The president declined to deliver the speech himself, on account ________ a sore throat.
⑥I hope my teacher will take ________ account the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she marks my paper.
⑦One must take account ________ the audience when making speeches.

6．host n．主人；东道主；主持人　vt.主办，主持；作为主人组织(聚会)，做东　hostess n．女主人，女主持人
play host to sth. 主办某事
a TV game show host 电视游戏节目主持人
a host country/family 主办国/寄宿家庭
the host nation for the next World Cup 下届世界杯的主办国
host the Olympic Games 举办奥运会
host a show/programme 主持节目
host a dinner 举办晚宴
an air hostess 空姐
◎单句语法填空
①Japan is playing host ________ the next international conference.
②I am lucky as I am one of the ________ (host).
③Last Sunday she ________ (host) a ball for 300 guests.
④One of the ________ (hostess) on tonight's show is Mary.

7．expectant adj.期待的，期望的；未来的(母亲、父亲)，即将作父母的　expect vt.预料，预期；等待，期待，盼望；要求，期望，指望
children with expectant faces 带着期盼神情的孩子们
expectant mothers/fathers/couples 准妈妈/爸爸/夫妇
a magazine for expectant mothers 一本适合孕妇的杂志
expect sb. to do sth. 期待/预料某人做某事
expect too much from sb. 对某人期望过高
be expected to 预计；理应，应当
live up to expectations 按照期望做到，不负众望
beyond expectation 出乎意料
waiting expectantly 满怀期望地等待
◎单句语法填空
①________ expectant mother is someone whose child has not yet been born.
②You arrived earlier than I ________ (expect).
③The scientists expect ________ (find) a chemical cure for lung cancer within five years.
④Don't expect me ________ (come) and visit you there.
⑤I was expecting a present ________ her, so I was disappointed I didn't receive one.
⑥Contrary to all our ________ (expect), he's found a well-paid job.

8．scare vt.吓唬；使(某人)惊恐　n．恐慌，恐惧　scared adj.害怕的　scary adj.吓人的
scare...away (＝scare sb./sth. off) 把……吓跑
scare sb. to death 把某人吓得要死
scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
scare sb. out of doing sth. 吓得某人不敢做某事
be scared of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事/物
be scared to do sth. 不敢做某事
be scared＋(that)宾语从句 害怕……
a scared look 惊恐的表情
a scary film 恐怖电影
◎单句语法填空
①He was almost scared ________ death when the man in the armchair turned around.
②You can't scare me ________ telling you anything.
③When I was a little child, I was scared ________ being left alone at home.
④People are scared ________ (use) the buses late at night.
⑤I wanted to ask her out, but was ________ (scare) that she might refuse.
⑥Rising prices are scaring customers ________．

9.greet vt.问候，欢迎；打招呼；对……作出反应　greeting n．问候，招呼；迎接；致意　　
greet sb. with 以……方式和某人打招呼
greet sb. warmly 热情地跟某人打招呼
greet each other 互相问候
be greeted with/by 受到……的迎接；……映入眼帘/传入耳中；被报以……的反应
send (one's) greetings to sb. (代某人)向某人问好
Christmas/birthday greetings 圣诞/生日祝词
◎单句语法填空
①When the teacher came into the class, all the students stood up and ________ (greet) the teacher.
②Whenever I met her, which was fairly often, she greeted me ________ a sweet smile.
③“Hi” is an informal way of ________ (greet) people.
④I woke up and ________ (greet) by birdsong.
⑤I wish to take this opportunity to extend you sincere ________ (greet) and best wishes of the Chinese Government and people!


10．appropriately adv.合适地，适当地　appropriate adj.合适的，恰当的
behave appropriately 举止得体
be appropriate for/to 适合于……
It is appropriate (for sb.) to do sth.
(某人)做某事是合适/恰当的。
It is appropriate that sb. (should) do...
某人做……是合适的。
an appropriate response/measure/method
恰如其分的回答/措施/方法
◎单句语法填空
①Both teachers and students responded calmly and ________ (appropriate) to the fire alarm.
②The tough job was not appropriate ________ such a girl.
③It is appropriate that you ________ (draw) a conclusion with enough evidence.
④I think ________ is not appropriate to wear casual clothes on this formal occasion.

11．suit n．套装，西装　vt.对(某人)方便，满足(某人)需要，合(某人)心意；相配，合身　suitable adj.合适的，适宜的
a business suit 公务装
a diving suit 潜水服
a protective suit 防护服
be suitable for 适合……
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
a suitable candidate 合适的人选
a suitable place for a picnic 适合野餐的地方
suit one's needs 满足某人的需要
The dress fits you well, but its colour doesn't suit you, and you should wear the one that matches your shoes very well.这件连衣裙大小很适合你，但是它的颜色不适合你，你应该穿和你的鞋子很相配的那件。
[词语辨析]suit, fit与match
suit多指符合需要、品味、条件、地位等，或衣服的款式、颜色适合；
fit多指尺寸、大小、形状等合适；
match多指两者从整体上搭配协调。
◎单句语法填空
①These ________ (suit) are designed to protect the wearers from cold shock as they enter the water.
②Would now be a ________ (suit) moment to discuss my report?
③Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is suitable ________ the job.
④Her hat really ________ (match) her dress; they look very well together.

12．effort n．努力，力气；艰难的尝试，试图，尽力　effortless adj.不需费力的　effortlessly adv.不费力地
great/joint effort 巨大/共同努力
with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地
in an effort to do sth. 企图(努力想)做某事；试图要做某事
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事
make every effort to do sth.　尽一切努力做某事
make an effort 尽力
◎单句语法填空
①She took a deep breath and sat up slowly and ________ great effort.
②He's obviously making ________ effort to be nice to me at the moment.
③We should spare ________ effort to beautify our environment, because it is shared by all the human beings.
④His movements were so graceful that they seemed ________ (effort).

13.represent vt.代表；作为……的代言人，维护……的利益；展示，描写，描绘　representative n．代表　adj.典型的，有代表性的
represent peace 象征着和平
represent China at the Olympics 在奥运会上代表中国
represent sb. as/to be... 宣称某人为……
represent oneself as/to be... 自称是．.....
represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事；向某人传达某事
a representative of teachers/students 教师/学生代表
熟词生义：represent 描绘；表现
represent...as... 把……描绘成……
◎单句语法填空
①The fighter is represented ________ a hero in the play.
②He is a ________ (represent) for a large international company.
③He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as ________ representative.
④The painting is not representative ________ his work of the period.

14．memory n．[C]记忆，回忆； [C，U]记忆力，记性　memorize vt.记忆，记住
(1)childhood memories＝memories of childhood 童年的回忆
from memory 凭记忆
lose one's memory 失去记忆
have a good/bad memory (for...)
(对……)记忆力好/差
in memory of sb. 为了纪念某人
(2)in honour of 为了向……表示敬意
in celebration of 庆祝
in favour of 支持，赞同
in praise of 歌颂，赞美
◎单句语法填空
①He drew a picture of the thief ________ memory.
②She has an excellent memory ________ names, which helps her quite a lot in her work.
③________ memory of the late musician, he built this music studio.
④The Olympic Games were held ________ honour of Zeus, the father of the gods.
⑤Kids jumped into a fishing port in ________ (celebrate) of the start of the island's Lantern Festival.
⑥He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour ________ the plan.

15．behaviour n．行为，举止，态度　behave vi.表现　vt.(oneself)表现得体，有礼貌
on one's best behaviour 尽全力好好表现
good/bad behaviour 良好/恶劣行为
one's behaviour towards... 某人对……的行为/态度
study human behaviour 研究人类的行为模式
behave well/badly 表现好/不好
behave strangely 举止怪异
behave like 表现得像……
behave oneself 有礼貌，举止得体
well-behaved children 表现好的孩子们
badly-behaved children 表现差的孩子们
◎单句语法填空
①Listening is thus an active, not a passive ________ (behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering.
②He told his pupils to behave ________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture.
③His mother often punished him in his childhood because he behaved ________ (bad).
④They felt a sense of achievement, because their children all behaved ________ (good).

16.whisper vi. & vt.低声说，低语；私下说　n．耳语，低语；轻柔的声音
whisper sth. to sb. 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper sth. in one's ear 在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is whispered that... 有人私下里说……
in a whisper/ in whispers 低声地
◎单句语法填空
①I heard them ________ (whisper), but I pretended not to hear them.
②Mike whispered ________ me that he made a new discovery.
③“I was to star in a film，” she whispered ________ my ear.
④It ________ (whisper) that he shouldn't serve as an experiment volunteer although he is eager to learn science.
⑤“Where are you going？” he asked ________ a whisper.
⑥They spoke in ________ (whisper) for fear that they should be heard.

17.description n．描述，描写；形容，说明　describe vt.描述；形容；把……称为　descriptive adj.描写的；叙述的；说明的
write a description of 描写……
give a general/brief description of
对……作概括性的/简要的描述
give a detailed/full description of
对……作详细的/详尽的说明
a brief description of... ……的简要说明
beyond description 无法形容，难以描述
describe...as... 把……描述为……
◎单句语法填空
①Your paper contains too much ________ (describe) and not enough discussion of the issues.
②The beauty of West Lake is ________ description.
③He gave me a detailed ________ (describe) of his visit to London in the email.

18．humbly adv.谦虚地；卑贱地，低声下气地　humble adj.谦逊的，虚心的；低下的，卑微的　　　
learn humbly from sb. 虚心向某人学习
in one's humble opinion 依某人拙见
a man of humble birth/origins 出身低微的人
◎单句语法填空
①It is, ________ my humble opinion, perhaps the best steak restaurant in the city.
②She was looked down upon because she was a woman ________ humble origins.
③“Thank you for your time，” I said ________ (humble). “Is there anything else you'd like？”

►第二版块|重点短语
1．put up张贴，公布；举起，抬起；提升，提高，增加；建造，搭建，竖立；留宿，住宿；推荐，提名
put up a notice　　　　贴出通知
put up a flag 升旗
put up a building/fence/memorial/tent
盖楼房/搭建篱笆/修建纪念碑/搭帐篷
put up an argument/a proposal
提出论据/建议
put aside 不考虑；储存，保留
put away 将……收起来；积蓄，攒钱
put back 将……放回；推迟，延迟；向后拨
put down 放下；记下；镇压
put forward 推荐，举荐；将……提前；拨快(时钟指针)；提出，提议(suggestion)
put off 推迟，延迟
put on　　　　　　　 穿上，戴上；增加体重；举办，上演，展出　　　　　　　　
put out 　　　　扑灭，熄灭；生产，制造；出版，广播，公布
put out a candle/cigarette/light 　　　　熄灭蜡烛/香烟/灯
put up with＝(tolerate) 　　　　忍受，容忍
◎写出句中put up的含义
①They are putting up several new office blocks in the centre of the town.____________
②The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.____________
③He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.____________
④If you have any questions, you can put up your hands and turn to your teacher.____________
⑤She is putting herself up for election to the committee.____________
◎单句语法填空
⑥The manager put ________ a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
⑦Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can put ________ almost every word her teacher says.
⑧So many buildings have been put ________ these years.

2．let off使某物爆炸；排放；饶恕，放过(with)；免除
let sb. off 饶恕某人
let sb. off sth. 使某人免除(任务或义务)
let alone 更不用说
let...alone/be 不要碰，不干涉
let...go/let go of... 放开，松手；释放
let down 使失望；放下，降低
let...in 让……进来；放进
let out 发出(叫声等)；放出；泄露
◎单句语法填空
①The teacher forbade the pupils to let ________ fireworks in the school.
②I realised that having a new baby lets you ________ going to boring dinner parties.
③It is incredible that the 12-year-old managed to even reach the pedals, let ________ drive the car.
④When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go ________ your hate.
⑤I'm sure she won't let us ________ in the next exam.
⑥I opened my bedroom windows to let ________ the wind.
⑦It remains unknown who let ________ the secret.

3．as far as就……而言；直到，远到　　
(1)as far as I know 据我所知
as far as I can see 在我看来
as far as sb. is concerned 就某人而言
as far as some place 远到某地
(2)in terms of... 从……方面来说
considering 就……而言，考虑到，鉴于
personally (speaking) 就个人而言
in one's opinion 依某人之见，在某人看来
◎单句语法填空
①________ far as I know, seldom can a man without honesty be successful as a leader.
②As far as she ________ (concern), we should make voluntary contributions according to the gift list.
③With a large brain, human beings beat other beings ________ terms of intelligence.
④A good many things in the world cannot be considered and valued in terms ________ money.
⑤________ (consider) that you are no longer involved with this man, your response is a little extreme.
⑥________ (person), I think the show is going to be a great success.
⑦________ my opinion, good handwriting not only leaves a good impression on other people but also helps you apply for a job and get promoted.

4．move in搬来(和某人)一起居住；搬进新居(不及物动词短语)
move into 搬进新居(及物动词短语)
move out 搬出去
move off 启动；离开
move on (to sth.) 开始做(别的事)；换话题；继续前行
move about 四处走动
◎单句语法填空
①Now that we have decorated the house, we can move ________．
②My parents had always planned to move ________ a big house before I grew up.
③The noise around this house had become too much to tolerate and he decided to move ________．
④Can you move on ________ another subject?

5．catch sb.'s eye遇到某人的目光；吸引某人的注意
keep an eye on 照看，照料
keep one's eyes on 注视；关注
keep an eye open/out (for) 密切注意，提防
have an eye for... 对……有鉴赏力
in one's eyes 在某人眼里，依某人看
close/shut one's eyes to 对……视而不见
look sb. in the eye 直视某人
◎单句语法填空
①A pretty girl in the distance caught ________ (I) eye.
②He stood still, keeping his eyes ________ the flowers in the garden.
③The lady walked around the shop, keeping an eye out ________ bargains.
④The woman has an eye ________ bargains, so she often buys better items with less money.
⑤________ my eyes, first of all, the Olympic Games represent the spirit of sports.
⑥We should not close our eyes ________ the current situation of waste on campus.

6．pass away去世；消失
pass by 路过，经过(……旁边)
pass sth. down 使某物世代相传；流传下去
pass...on to... 把……传递给……
pass sb. off as... 把某人改变或冒充为……
◎单句语法填空
①The famous expert passed ________ at the age of ninety.
②The girl passed herself ________ as a well-known film star.
③The tradition has been passed ________ from generation to generation.
④You've already made remarkable achievements in your career. What tips can you pass on ________ others who hope to have similar success?


►第三版块|典型句式
1．It is/was＋过去分词＋that引导的主语从句
[归纳总结]It is said/reported that...据说/据报道……
It is thought/considered/believed/agreed that...人们认为/人们相信……
It is argued that...人们主张……
It is announced that...据宣布……
It is hoped that...人们希望……
It is recorded that...据记载……
It is supposed that...据推测……
It is well-known that...众所周知……
It is suggested/advised that...有人建议……
It is ordered/commanded that...命令……
It is required/demanded/requested that...要求/请求……
[学法点拨](1)在该句型中，it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语。如果主句谓语是表示“坚持、建议、命令、要求”的动词，主语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
It is advised that you (should) read the following instructions carefully before filling in the application form.建议你在填写表格之前仔细阅读下列说明。
It is requested that all the members (should) be present at the meeting tomorrow.所有成员都被要求参加明天的会议。
(2)“It is/was＋过去分词＋that引导的主语从句”可以转换为“Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋不定式”或“People＋动词＋that...”。
一句多译：据说他们赢得了比赛。
It is said that they have won the game.
＝They are said to have won the game.
＝People say that they have won the game.

[基础练习]单句语法填空
①________ is considered that the responsibility for learning lies on the students rather than teachers.
②It is said ________ the world's total population will grow from 6.1 billion in 2000 to 11 billion.
③It ________ (believe) that the part diet plays in the treatment can't be ignored.
④It is required that drivers ________ (drive) on the right side in China.
⑤________ was announced at the end of the meeting, an agreement had been reached.
⑥________ was announced that at the end of the meeting, an agreement had been reached.
⑦A space station is reported ________ (build) on the moon in years to come.

2．with复合结构
[学法点拨](1)构成：with＋宾语＋宾补
宾补可以是现在分词(表主动或进行)、过去分词(表被动或完成)、不定式(表尚未发生)，也可以是形容词、副词、介词短语等。否定形式由“without＋宾语＋宾补”构成。
(2)用法：with复合结构在句中多数充当状语，表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件，也可以作定语。
She came into the room with her nose red because of cold.她走进房间，鼻子冻得红红的。(伴随状语)
With the meal over, we all went home.
饭一吃完，我们都回家了。(时间状语)
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。(伴随状语)
She fell asleep with the light burning.
她开着灯睡着了。(伴随状语)
He could not finish it without me to help him.
我若不帮他，他不可能完成。(条件状语)
Without anything left in the cupboard, she went out to get something to eat.橱柜里什么也没剩下，她就出去找点吃的了。(原因状语)
A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.一个缺了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房子。(定语)
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ________ (follow) them.
②With our problem ________ (settle), he wasn't allowed to go out.
③He was lying on the grass, with his hands ________ (cross) under his head.
④With an important lecture ________ (give) tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night.
⑤________ ten minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived at the station on time.
⑥John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ________ (finish), he gladly accepted it.
⑦In the reading room, we found her seated at a desk, her attention ________ (fix) on a book.

3．the moment引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Every year, the moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents...
每年，一坐上火车，我就会被山西方言包围……
[句式分析](1)the moment“一……就……”，可引导时间状语从句，此时the moment起连词作用。
(2)①由名词短语转化而来的引导时间状语从句的连词有：
the minute/the instant/the second一……就……every/each/the first/the last/next time每次/每次/第一次/最后一次/下一次
②由副词转化而来的引导时间状语从句的连词有：
directly/immediately/instantly一……就……
③
on＋sth./doing sth.一……就……
For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your biological clock to the destination's time.例如，你一登上飞机，就开始调整你的生物钟以适应目的地的时间。
Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations.下次你散步的时候，无论在哪里，都应该欣赏周围的风景、聆听周边的声音和好好感受我们周围的世界。(no matter where无论在哪里，引导让步状语从句)
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①The machine will start ________ moment you press this button.
②________ instant I saw him, I knew that he was angry with me.
③________ week I was in hospital, she attended me at the bedside day and night.
④________ second time I talked to him, he admitted that he had made a big mistake.
⑤I'll give him a black eye, ________ next time he offends you.
⑥________ (immediate) she got the news that our friend Peter was in good shape, she informed us.
⑦On ________ (come) back to his hometown, he contacted his former teachers and paid a visit to them.

4．强调句型
[教材原句]．..it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind.
……我想到的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。
[句式分析]本句为强调句型，强调句子主语not just gifts and Father Christmas。
[归纳拓展](1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他。该句型可强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语。强调人时，连接词也可以用who，若强调的人是宾格还可以用whom。
It was at the class meeting yesterday that we elected him monitor.我们是在昨天的班会上选他当班长。(强调状语)
It was him that we elected monitor at the class meeting yesterday.昨天班会上我们选的他当班长。(强调间接宾语)
It was we that/who elected him monitor at the class meeting yesterday.是我们在昨天班会上选他当班长。(强调主语)
(2)句式变化：
一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他？
Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out？第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？
Is it Professor Wang that/who teaches you English？教你英语的是王教授吗？
Where was it that the 29th Summer Olympic Games took place?
第29届夏季奥运会是在哪里举行的？
Who was it that broke the window?
是谁把窗户打破的？
(3)判定方法：
将句子中的“It is/was...that/who...”结构去掉，若能还原成完整的句子则为强调句，否则就不是强调句。
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①It was the sense of failure ________ made him determined to succeed in his new life.
②You are waiting at a wrong place. ________ is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.
③Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognised.
④It was Susan ________ I came across yesterday in the studio.
⑤It was on the farm ________ we practised planting crops.
⑥It was the farm ________ we learned a lot.
⑦It was in the village ________ he spent his childhood.
⑧It was in the village ________ he spent his childhood ________ a big earthquake happened last month.
⑨Was it in the library ________ he often went to do some reading ________ he met the pretty girl?
⑩It is watching TV every day that ________ (be) making her eyesight fail.

5.whenever引导时间状语从句
[教材原句]Now, whenever the writer makes sugar biscuits, her grandma comes to mind.
现在，每当作者做糖饼干时，她奶奶就浮现在脑海中。
[句式分析](1)whenever引导时间状语从句时，相当于加强语气的when。
(2)
whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导状语从句也可引导名词性从句。
Once you have made up your mind, don't give up whatever challenges you will meet with.
一旦你下定决心，无论遇到什么挑战都不要放弃。(whatever＝no matter what)
However tough the problem is, we can solve it with patience.不管问题有多么棘手，我们都能耐心地解决。(However＝No matter how)
Wherever you go, be sure to pay attention to your own safety.
无论去哪里，务必要注意你的自身安全。
Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or a Motorola cell phone？你决定好了吗，买诺基亚的无线话机呢还是摩托罗拉手机？
[基础练习]单句语法填空
①________ you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
②________ we do, we should do our best.
③________ we go, we should make clear its position, the climate and the buses and trains first.
④________ busy you, you should set aside half an hour to take exercise.
⑤________ you want to help, don't hope to get reward.




Step 3 考点过关
Ⅰ.短语汉译英
1．扫除；清除 ________________
2．倒置地，颠倒地 ________________
3．把……吓跑 ________________
4．普遍地 ________________
5．尽力 ________________
6．再三地，重复地 ________________
7．不再 ________________
8．冷静下来 ________________
9．在这样重要的场合 ________________
10．为某事(向某人)祝贺 ________________
11．用花朵装饰 ________________
12．传统的婚礼 ________________
13．描述…… ________________
14．主办某事 ________________
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He, dressed in a neat suit, greeted employees ________ a smile on his face the moment he saw them.
2．________ general, fortunate people are mostly those who have made an effort to achieve success.
3．________ (represent) her whole family, she extended thanks to the boy student, who took care of her grandfather with patience the other day.
4．Ever since the retired man moved in with his son, somehow his memory has declined ________ (slight).
5．Seeing the monkey jump from one branch to another over and over, my friend ________ (whisper) that sometimes I acted like the monkey with similar behaviour.
6．The merry girl waved a red scarf ________ the people on the boat, which finally caught their eye.
7．It was because his grandfather passed ________ that he felt he would be no longer happy as before.
8．The girl said in tears that she had written a composition, giving a detailed ________ (describe) of the awesome sporting event, but it was nowhere to be found.
9．He had no idea which company to select, ________ (thorough) confused, unable to calm down.
10．They had a traditional wedding in their beautifully decorated new house. ________ that occasion, everyone present could see their happiness.
11．On hearing about his graduation from Peking University, I immediately wrote to offer my sincere ________ (congratulate) to him.
12．The article gives a detailed account of how people there put up New Year pictures and set ________ firecrackers to celebrate the coming of the New Year.
13．To summarise, our task this morning is to sweep ________ this huge pile of rubbish, for our school is hosting the city sports meeting this weekend.
14．A big Chinese character “fu” is written on a big piece of red paper, and my father put it up upside down on a door or a window. My family attach great importance ________ this.
15．________ (surround) by several wolves, the boy, with an expectant face, is waiting for his dog to scare the wolves away.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1．邻居们的异常行为引起了他的注意，他们经常窃窃私语。他不知道这是不是因为他没有恰当地回应他们的要求。(behaviour; catch one's eye; whisper; appropriately)
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2．她起初有点生气，但我们设法使她平静了下来。(slightly; calm down)
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3．不知怎么的，不管他怎么练习写汉字，他都毫无进步。(somehow; characters; get nowhere)
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4．那趟航班一到达上海浦东国际机场，就被警察包围了，这把一些在候机的乘客吓跑了。(flight；be surrounded by；scare away)
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5．人们认为，不把房子里的灰尘扫掉会给来年带来坏运气。(It is believed that; sweep away; throughout)
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6．“福”倒贴在门上，满怀期待的主人似乎在等着人们说“福倒了”，这在汉语里与“福到了”的发音相同。(with复合结构；attach; upside down；host; expectant)
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7．据我所知，我们公司有个传统，在每个员工生日那天都要举行派对。(as far as；tradition)
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8．一般来说，一个不努力学习的青少年问不出这样极好的问题。(in general; teenager；make an effort; awesome)。
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9．当你小时候，即使你一遍又一遍地问同样一个简单的问题，妈妈也会以极大的耐心回答你。(patience; over and over)
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10．毕业是一个重要的场合，我们应该用漂亮的装饰品来装饰舞台。 (graduation; occasion; decorate; decoration)
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