01 Welcome Unit词汇篇-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习(人教版2019必修第一册)

2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习过过过(人教版2019必修第一册)

 Unit 1语法

短语(Phrases)

　　短语或词组(Phrases)是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。

一、名词短语 (Noun Phrase)

　　指以一个名词为中心词构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于名词。如：

(2021·浙江高考)Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. 研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题。

(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. 我们将参观一些世界上保存得最好的罗马古迹。

1. 组成: (限定词)+(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)+名词+(介词短语/非谓语动词/定语从句)。例如:

The new building. 这栋新建筑。

组成: 限定词+形容词+中心名词

The new building in our school. 我们学校里的这栋新建筑。

组成: 限定词+形容词+中心名词+介词短语

The new building lying in the centre of our school. 位于我们学校中心的这栋新建筑。

组成: 限定词+形容词+中心名词+非谓语动词

The new building which lies in the centre of our school. 位于我们学校中心的这栋新建筑。

组成: 限定词+形容词+中心名词+ 定语从句

注意：名词短语结构中, 限定词包括:

2. 功能: 在句中当作名词用, 一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。

 My opinions are as follows. (作主语)我的观点如下。

 As for me,  cooking is my favorite. (作表语)对我来说, 烹饪是我的最爱。

The very next day,  Vinnie received an invitation from the President. (作宾语)就在第二天, 维尼收到了来自总统的邀请。

We call him a great hero. (作宾语补足语)我们称他为伟大的英雄。

注意：名词前的多个形容词排序口诀:

限定描绘大长高; 形状年龄和新老;

颜色国籍跟材料; 作用类别往后靠。

说明:

1. 限定词: 表示位于各类形容词之首的

前位限定词: all, both, half, such等;

中位限定词: a, the, every, each, either, enough等;

后位限定词: few, same, many, less, least等。

2. 描绘类: 表示事物的性质或人的观点的词

如: cold, great, kind, beautiful, interesting等。

3. 形状类: 表示大小、高矮、长短等

如: big, small, large, long, round等。

4. 时间类: 表示新旧、年龄、长幼等。

如: new, old, senior, junior等。

5. 颜色类: 表示事物的颜色的词。

如: red, blue, green, yellow等。

6. 出处类: 表示事物的产地、国籍、来源等

如: Chinese, Japanese, German等。

7. 材料类: 表示物质、材料、质地等

如: wooden, stone, milk, steel等。

8. 用途类: 表示事物的用途

如: medical, police, writing等。

二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)

　　指以一个形容词为中心词构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于形容词。

1. 组成: (副词)+中心形容词+(介词短语)。

I feel really worried about you. (作表语)我真的很担心你。

They finally met the very excited girl. (作定语)他们最后遇到了这个非常激动的女孩。

Webcast is quite popular among young people. (作表语)网络直播在年轻人中很流行。

2. 功能: 在句中当作形容词用, 可以修饰名词或代词, 还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。

Confidence is very important for people. (作表语)信心对于人们来说是非常重要的。

You have a small but beautiful room.  (作定语)你有一个小但漂亮的房间。

I think your answer correct and proper. (作宾语补足语)我认为你的答案是正确的并且是恰当的。

三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)

　　指以一个副词为中心词构成的短语, 在句中的功能相当于副词。

1. 组成: (副词)+副词

We need to say that, again and again.  我们需要重复强调这一点, 一遍又一遍。

It all seems to work very well. 一切似乎都运转得很好。

2. 功能: 在句中作副词, 可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。

You’re talking far too fast. (修饰动词)你讲话实在太快了。

Ⅰ. 写出画线处的短语类型

1. We have a much better life now.  (      ) 

2. Even worse,  the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.  (      )  

3. She types quickly and correctly.  (      )  

4. Interested in their work,  she picked up a pair of scissors.  (      )  

5. Eager to improve farming conditions,  they tried out this new crop on a large area. (      ) 

6. The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals in the world!  (      ) 

7. Nowadays young people never willingly let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules.(   ) 

8. It is obvious that the widespread and recognition of Western holidays is harmful to our traditional value. (   ) 

9. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.(      )  

10. He can finish that much quicker. (      ) 

Ⅱ. 按要求找出下列句子中的短语并画线

1. The teacher speaks clearly enough.  (AdvP) 

2. He put a small amount of sugar in the coffee.  (NP) 

3. They stayed in the snow for several days,  cold and hungry.  (AdjP) 

4. A great deal of money is spent on research.  (NP) 

5. I think he is a man suitable for the job.  (AdjP) 

6. Timmis and his team set out to seek the effects of phone use on passers-by.  (NP) 

7. You can imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that.  (AdjP) 

8. Dinosaurs died out because of an unexpected incident.  (NP) 

9. She plays the piano very well.  (AdvP) 

10. Crusoe stared at the footprint,  full of fear.  (AdjP) 

III. 请将每句话中给出的词语/词块按顺序填入横线

1. ①enough ②confident

He is not 　 　 　 　.  

2. ①and ②beautiful ③a ④kind ⑤really

She is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 girl.  

3. ①of ②afraid ③walking ④is

She 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 alone at night.  

4. ①beautiful ②the ③of our school ④campus

This is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  

5. ①than ②more ③important ④much

The task is 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 ever.  

6. ①a ②big ③with a beautiful garden ④such ⑤house

I live in 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　.  

IV. 完成句子

1. _______________________, he found his lost wallet!  

非常幸运, 他找到了他丢失的钱包!

2. The story is _______________________ that I really like it.  

这个故事如此有趣以至于我确实很喜欢它。

3. Li Hua, _______________________, comes from China.  

我的一个老朋友李华来自中国。

4. I think I am the one _______________________.  

我认为我就是适合这份工作的那个人。

5. We will try to _______________________.  

我们将努力使我们的国家更强大。

6. He won _______________________ the English speech contest.  

他在英语演讲比赛中赢得了第一名。

7. She studies Chinese _______________________.  

她学习中文很刻苦。

8. Qingdao _______________________ for people to live in.  

青岛是一个美丽的地方, 适合人们居住。

9. I am _______________________ be absent from your birthday party.  

我很抱歉缺席你的生日聚会。

10. I _______________________ Chinese culture.  

我对中国文化很感兴趣。

参考答案

Ⅰ. 1. We have a much better life now.  (NP) 

2. Even worse,  the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.  (AdvP) 

3. She types quickly and correctly.  (AdvP) 

4. Interested in their work,  she picked up a pair of scissors.  (AdjP) 

5. Eager to improve farming conditions,  they tried out this new crop on a large area. (AdjP) 

6. The festival is one of the four largest ice and snow festivals in the world!  (NP) 

7. Nowadays young people never willingly let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules. (AdvP) 

8. It is obvious that the widespread and recognition of Western holidays is harmful to our traditional value.  (NP) 

9. Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.  (AdjP) 

10. He can finish that much quicker.  (AdvP) 

Ⅱ. 1. The teacher speaks clearly enough.  (AdvP) 

2. He put a small amount of sugar in the coffee.  (NP) 

3. They stayed in the snow for several days,  cold and hungry.  (AdjP) 

4. A great deal of money is spent on research.  (NP) 

5. I think he is a man suitable for the job.  (AdjP) 

6. Timmis and his team set out to seek the effects of phone use on passers-by.  (NP) 

7. You can imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that.  (AdjP) 

8. Dinosaurs died out because of an unexpected incident.  (NP) 

9. She plays the piano very well.  (AdvP) 

10. Crusoe stared at the footprint,  full of fear.  (AdjP) 

III. 1. He is not 　②　 　①　.  

2.She is 　⑤　 　③　 　②　 　①　 　④　 girl.  

3. She 　④　 　②　 　①　 　③　 alone at night.  

4.This is 　②　 　①　 　④　 　③　.  

5. The task is 　④　 　②　 　③　 　①　 ever.  

6. I live in 　④　 　①　 　②　 　⑤　 　③　.  

IV. 1. Luckily enough, he found his lost wallet!  

2. The story is so interesting that I really like it.  

3. Li Hua, an old friend of mine, comes from China.  

4. I think I am the one suitable for the job.  

5. We will try to make our country stronger.  

6. He won the first prize in the English speech contest.  

7. She studies Chinese very hard.  

8. Qingdao is a beautiful place for people to live in.  

9. I am terribly sorry to be absent from your birthday party.  

10. I am very interested in Chinese culture.