Unit 2 Looking into the Future单元分层练习【过习题】-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习（人教版2019选择性必修第一册）

这是一份Unit 2 Looking into the Future单元分层练习【过习题】-2022-2023学年高二英语单元复习（人教版2019选择性必修第一册），共21页。试卷主要包含了过单词，过变形，过短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、过单词
n. 短语；词组
vt. 劝说；说服
n. 旋钮；球形把手
n. 电器；器具
adj. 自动的
n. 模式；方式；风格
n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的
vi.&vt. 服从；遵守
adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的
vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露
vt. 发现；查明
adj. 有关的；有意义的
adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而
n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织
n. 保护措施；安全工作
vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物)
vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
adv. 因此；由此
vi.&vt. (使)停止；终止
adj. 已死的；亡故的
adj. 乡村的；农村的
n. 奢华
n. 职业；事业
n. 可能性；前景
n. 段；段落
n. 路标
n. 文章
adj. 精确的；准确的
二、过变形
distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→ n. 距离；远处
integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的→ vi.&vt. (使)合并；成为一体
efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→ n. 效率；功率
preference n. 爱好；偏爱→ v. 喜欢
instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的→ adv. 立刻；马上
cmmand n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制→cmmander n. 指挥官
warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→ v. 警告；警示
abnrmal adj. 不正常的；反常的→ adj. 正常的
ptentially adv. 潜在地；可能地→ adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
electrical adj. 电的；用电的→ n. 电→ adj. 电子的
fantasy n. 幻想；想象→ adj. 奇异的；空想的；异想天开的
crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→ n. 罪犯
cmbine vt.&vi. (使)结合；混合→ n. 结合；混合
predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→ n. 预测；预言→ adj. 预言的；预测的→ adj. 预言性的；成为前兆的
ccupatin n. 职业；占领→ v. 占领；占据
absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→ adj. 缺席的；不在场的
advcate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者→ n. 拥护；支持
emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→ v. 强调；重视
resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→ n. 抵制；反对；抗拒
librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→ n. 图书馆
三、过短语
switch ff/n
remte cntrl
air cnditiner
early n
catch fire
even if
benefit frm
all the time
从这种(某种)意义上来讲
日常生活
除此之外
_人工智能
_ _ 一方面；另一方面
(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
语句提升练
一、动词的形式变化和词形转换
He's a ________ (distance) relative f the mayr.
Parents can express a ________ (prefer) fr the schl their child attends.
The car was fitted with ________ (autmatin) transmissin.
The sldiers pened fire withut ________ (warn)．
T ur surprise, his behaviur is ________ (nrmal)．
There is n dubt that he cmmitted a ________ (criminal)．
She called in yur ________ (absent)．
The ________ (emphasise) is n the first syllable f the last wrd.
Nw we'll be able t live in ________ (luxurius) fr the rest f ur lives.
These plants have a ________ (tend) t grw in the mre rural areas.
She is nw cncentrating n a career as a ________ (fashinable) designer.
I am an ________ (advcate) f healthy lifestyle.
二、固定用法和常考句式
It is pssible t cmbine a career ________ being a mther.
In the near future, we will be ________ (live) in smart hmes.
________ additin, the tw persns d nt match very much.
He cmmanded that we ________ (cme) at nce.
He switched ________ the cmputer and began t wrk.
________ small number f firms have ceased trading.
We've prvided them ________ a lt f medical aid.
They'll stand ________ yu even if yu dn't succeed.
He culd nt resist ________ (tell) her the truth.
He is an explrer rather ________ a sailr.
三、语篇填空
Tday, we have t use __ __ (switch) fr ur lights and knbs fr ur appliances. __ __ the near future, we will be living in smart hmes __ __ will be using __ __ (advance) technlgy every day fr autmatic cntrl abut everything in ur hme. S yu will n lnger have t think abut __ __ (turn) switches n and ff yurself. Because all will be ready __ __ yu when yu get hme. In additin, yur smart hme will be mnitring yur health and als __ (check) yur bdy weight. They can warn yu early __ __ if yu have a critical illness. Althugh the smart technlgy is nt __ __ fantasy, __ __ will have a lng way t g.
篇章培优练
一、阅读理解
A
（2022·四川凉山·高二期末）A new phne app uses vibratins (振动) frm smart phnes t alert peple abut earthquakes.
The phne app recgnizes sudden shaking f the earth’s surface thrugh sensrs (传感器) in smart phnes. The new app is called MyShake. It is the wrk f fur researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. They said they created a wrldwide warning system that wuld infrm peple and give them time t prepare. The MyShake app is available nly fr Andrid phnes.
Smart phnes are equipped with accelermeters (加速计) . These instruments measure mvement, like that f a car r airplane. They can als measure the shaking f a machine, building r ther structure. Accelermeters are used in activity trackers and apps that cunt steps r ther exercise. They are als used in glbal psitining system (GPS) apps.
MyShake uses phne accelermeters t measure seismic (地震引起的) activity. It has been prgrammed t knw the difference between nrmal activity and earthquake mvement. The sftware develpers say their app is right 93 percent f the time. A smart phne sends seismic infrmatin t the app develpers. If the develpers receive infrmatin frm ne area, it recgnizes that an earthquake may be taking place r will take place sn. Using infrmatin sent frm the app, the netwrk then estimates the lcatin and strength f the quake in real time. MyShake can recrd magnitude (规模) 5. 0 earthquakes at distances f 10 kilmeters r less. MyShake uses very little pwer, accrding t its develpers. Only when seismic activity is sensed by the app des it becme active and sends data t the netwrk.
The app wrks best when yur phne is resting n a flat surface, like a table. The app als shws ways t stay safer during an earthquake. The develpers say it will becme mre effective as mre peple use it.
1．What can we knw abut MyShake?
A．It can be applied t all kinds f phnes.
B．It serves as a wrldwide warning system.
C．It’s the name f a new smart phne.
D．It can prevent and stp the mvement f the earth.
2．Hw can the phne app feel the earth’s shaking?
A．Thrugh vibratins frm smart phnes.
B．Thrugh infrmatin in smart phnes.
C．Thrugh sensrs in smart phnes.
D．Thrugh accelermeters in smart phnes.
3．Why are accelermeters used in MyShake?
A．T lcate where the user is.B．T cunt steps r ther exercise.
C．T measure seismic activity.D．T measure the shaking f building.
4．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．A New Phne App Feels Earthquakes
B．A New Phne App Prevents Earthquakes
C．A New Phne App Keeps Yu Safe in the Earthquake
D．A New Phne App Makes Smart Phnes Mre Effective
B
（2021·全国·单元测试）In the far，far future，bicycles and perhaps skates may be run by jet pwer，and a new thing t ride may be a small flying saucer(飞碟). Imagine a race between them!
There may be telepathy helmets(心灵感应帽) that send thrugh waves frm yur brain t that f yur friend miles away. Yu just think a thught and yur friend knws it！Yu can have secrets with each ther that nbdy else can turn in n!
What abut the fd f the future？Scientists think that much f it will be artificial—made in factries frm such surprising things as cal，limestne，air，and water. The artificial fd will be healthful because all the things that yu need t live a lng and healthy life will be put int it.
The future hspitals will prbably have “bdy banks” that can give yu almst any new part yu need t keep n living. Peple f the future may live t be a lt lder than 100 years.
What abut highways f the future？Well，a very small child prbably will be able t drive a car. Nbdy will need t steer(驾驶). Electric signals will hld each car n the right rad t get wherever the “driver” wants t g. And it prbably will be impssible fr cars t smash tgether. Cntrls that wn’t even have t be tuched will make all speeding cars miss each ther r will put n the brakes. Driving cars will be as safe as being at hme.
But maybe the mst wnderful surprise in the future will be weather cntrl. Cities may have giant plastic dmes(圆顶罩) ver them t keep ut snw，rain，r strms. When yu plan a picnic in a park，yu wn’t have t wrry abut rain. It will rain nly when the “weatherman” thinks it is necessary t fresh the air inside the city. All ther days will be fair and warm.
The future shuld be a wnderful time in which t live and the time we are living in nw is als a wnderful future t the peple wh lived 100 years ag.
5．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．With telepathy helmets, we can share ur thughts withut any wrds.
B．The artificial fd made frm cal and limestne tastes the mst delicius in the future.
C．There will be “bdy banks” instead f hspitals in the future.
D．Plastic dmes themselves can autmatically cntrl the weather.
6．With the future highways，________ .
A．small children have t learn t drive
B．car accidents still culdn’t be avided
C．we can be taken t the destinatin withut steering
D．cars will be n lnger equipped with brakes
7．The authr’s attitude twards the future life is________.
A．disappintedB．pessimistic
C．satisfiedD．dubtful
二、七选五
（2022·全国·高三课时练习）Is it time t ditch sugar?
It’s n secret that sugar can cause issues if yu’re indulging (放任) in a little t much f the sweet stuff. Still, mst Americans are eating t much sugar. The harmful effects it can have n yur physical health are well studied. .
Sugar can affect yur md
Yu prbably turn t a dughnut (甜甜圈) r sda fr an extra bst during a lng day. Yet sugar may nt be such a psitive pick-me-up after all. Recent research indicates that sugary treats have n psitive effect n md. .
One study published in 2017 fund that cnsuming a diet high in sugar can increase the chances f md disrders. A mre recent 2019 study fund that regular cnsumptin f saturated fats (饱和脂肪) and added sugars were related t higher feelings f anxiety in adults ver age 60.
It’s hard t avid reaching fr cmfrt fds, especially after a difficult day. But the cycle f cnsuming sugar t manage yur emtins may nly make yur feelings f sadness, tiredness, r hpelessness wrse. Multiple studies have fund a link between diets high in sugar and depressin.
. These can lead t depressin and may even increase the lng-term risk f develping a mental health disrder in sme peple.
Sugar destrys yur brain pwer
Emerging research has fund that diets high in sugar can damage cgnitive functining, even in the absence f extreme weight gain r t much energy intake. A 2015 study fund that cnsuming high levels f sugar-sweetened drinks made neurcgnitive functins like decisin making and memry wrse. . But a mre recent study fund that healthy vlunteers in their 20s scred wrse n memry tests and had prer appetite cntrl after just 7 days f eating a diet high in saturated fat and added sugars.
Althugh mre studies are needed t slidify the effects n mental health f sugar cnsumptin, it’s imprtant t cnsider hw diet can affect yur well-being.
A．Sugar can weaken yur ability t deal with stress
B．Granted, the research was dne n rats
C．Overcnsumptin f sugar triggers imbalances in certain brain chemicals
D．Sugar can increase yur risk fr develping depressin
E．In fact, sugar may have the ppsite effect ver time
F．Hwever, the effect n mental health is wrth taking a secnd lk
G．If yu’re dying fr sweets, here’s what t eat instead

三、完形填空
（2021·重庆八中二模）Trackers n Ice
Just because a scientist puts a GPS tracking cllar n a wild plar bear des nt mean the animal will willingly keep it n. , these huge cllars are purpsefully lse s that if ne becmes annying, a bear can it. But scientists have nw fund a way t use signals frm the discarded(丢弃的)devices.
“These drpped cllars wuld have been cnsidered garbage data,” says Natasha Klappstein, a plar bear researcher at the University f Alberta. She and her clleagues instead used frm such cllars, left n sea ice in Canada's Hudsn Bay, t track the ice itself. Fr their study, published in June in The Crysphere, the researchers twenty cllars that sent mvement data cnsistent(与······一致的)with ice drift rather than plar bear between 2005 and 2015. The resulting recrds f hw melting ice typically drifts in Hudsn Bay are unique; there are n easily n-the-grund sensrs, and satellite bservatins ften cannt capture the mtin f small ice sheets.
The team cmpared the discarded cllars' mvements with widely used ice-drift mdeling data frm the U.S. Natinal Snw and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Cllar data indicated that the NSIDC mdel underestimates the speed at which ice mves arund in Hudsn Bay--as well as the verall f drift. Over the curse f several mnths the mdel culd drift away frm an ice sheet's lcatin by a few hundred kilmeters, the researchers say.
This means the bears may be wrking harder, when mving against the directin f the ice, than scientists had .“Since we're underestimating the speed f drift, we're likely underestimating the energetic effrt f plar bears," says Natasha Klappstein. The research reveals insight (洞悉) int hw highly mbile ice mves. As melting increases in cming years, such ice will likely becme mre farther nrth, in the central Arctic. Scientists had knwn NSIDC data culd underestimate drift speeds, but “any time we can find a data ,it is a gd thing.”
Plus,such data culd imprve predictins abut hw il spills r ther pllutants may spread in seas with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senir NSIDC research scientist,wh was nt invlved in the study. The findings may even future NSIDC mdels. “It's a really nice data set,” Meier says."And certainly ne we’ll take cnsideratin.
1．A．In factB．In a wayC．In additinD．In the end
2．A．destryB．remveC．resistD．reject
3．A．particularlyB．relevantlyC．intentinallyD．ptentially
4．A．estimatesB．subjectsC．measurementsD．patents
5．A．displayedB．identifiedC．justifiedD．preserved
6．A．behavirB．habitatC．mannerD．mtin
7．A．flexibleB．favrableC．accessibleD．changeable
8．A．internallyB．accuratelyC．securelyD．independently
9．A．extentB．damageC．trendD．limit
10．A．agreedB．prmisedC．prvedD．assumed
11．A．immediateB．superirC．entireD．timely
12．A．evidentB．uniqueC．cmmnD．realistic
13．A．gapB．scanC．bmD．fit
14．A．replacedB．litteredC．packedD．matched
15．A．reverseB．resembleC．influenceD．mtivate
选择性必修Unit 2 Lking int the Future过习题
词汇过关练
一、过单词
phrase n. 短语；词组
persuade vt. 劝说；说服
knb n. 旋钮；球形把手
appliance n. 电器；器具
autmatic adj. 自动的
mde n. 模式；方式；风格
rutine n. 常规；正常顺序 adj. 常规的；日常的
bey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守
critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的
leak vi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露 n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露
detect vt. 发现；查明
relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的
available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的
nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而
structure n. 结构；体系 vt. 系统安排；精心组织
security n. 保护措施；安全工作
clne vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n. 克隆动物(或植物)
ppse vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
hence adv. 因此；由此
cease vi.&vt. (使)停止；终止
deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的
rural adj. 乡村的；农村的
luxury n. 奢华
career n. 职业；事业
prspect n. 可能性；前景
paragraph n. 段；段落
signpst n. 路标
essay n. 文章
accurate adj. 精确的；准确的
二、过变形
distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distance n. 距离；远处
integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的→integrate vi.&vt. (使)合并；成为一体
efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→efficiency n. 效率；功率
preference n. 爱好；偏爱→prefer v. 喜欢
instant n. 瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的→instantly adv. 立刻；马上
cmmand n. 指令；命令；控制 vt. 命令；控制→cmmander n. 指挥官
warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→warn v. 警告；警示
abnrmal adj. 不正常的；反常的→nrmal adj. 正常的
ptentially adv. 潜在地；可能地→ptential adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
electrical adj. 电的；用电的→electricity n. 电→electrnic adj. 电子的
fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 奇异的；空想的；异想天开的
crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯
cmbine vt.&vi. (使)结合；混合→cmbinatin n. 结合；混合
predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→predictin n. 预测；预言→predicted adj. 预言的；预测的→predictive adj. 预言性的；成为前兆的
ccupatin n. 职业；占领→ccupy v. 占领；占据
absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的
advcate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者→advcatin n. 拥护；支持
emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasise v. 强调；重视
resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒
librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n. 图书馆
三、过短语
switch ff/n 关/开(电灯、机器等)
remte cntrl 遥控器；遥控
air cnditiner 空调机；空调设备
early n 在初期；早先
catch fire 着火
even if 即使；尽管
benefit frm 从……受益
all the time 一直，向来；每时每刻
in this sense () 从这种(某种)意义上来讲
daily_rutine 日常生活
in_additin 除此之外
artificial_intelligence 人工智能
n_the_ne_hand，n_the_ther_hand 一方面；另一方面
keep in tuch (with...) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
语句提升练
一、动词的形式变化和词形转换
He's a ________ (distance) relative f the mayr.
答案与解析 distant 句意：他是市长的一个远房亲戚。distant “遥远的”。
Parents can express a ________ (prefer) fr the schl their child attends.
答案与解析 preference 不定冠词后面接名词。故填preference。
The car was fitted with ________ (autmatin) transmissin.
答案与解析 autmatic 句意：这辆车装配了自动变速器。autmatic “自动的”。
The sldiers pened fire withut ________ (warn)．
答案与解析 warning 介词withut后接动名词。故填warning。
T ur surprise, his behaviur is ________ (nrmal)．
答案与解析 abnrmal 句意：令我们吃惊的是，他的行为有点不正常。故填abnrmal “不正常的”。
There is n dubt that he cmmitted a ________ (criminal)．
答案与解析 crime 句意：毫无疑问他犯罪了。criminal “罪犯”， crime“犯罪”。
She called in yur ________ (absent)．
答案与解析 absence yur是形容词性物主代词，用来修饰名词。故填absence。
The ________ (emphasise) is n the first syllable f the last wrd.
答案与解析 emphasis 句意：重音在最后一个单词的第一个音节上。设空处在句中作主语，应填名词emphasis “重音；强调”。
Nw we'll be able t live in ________ (luxurius) fr the rest f ur lives.
答案与解析 luxury 介词in后接名词。故填luxury。
These plants have a ________ (tend) t grw in the mre rural areas.
答案与解析 tendency 设空处在句中作宾语，且空前有不定冠词a。故填名词tendency。
She is nw cncentrating n a career as a ________ (fashinable) designer.
答案与解析 fashin 句意：她目前正专注于服装设计师的工作。fashin designer “时尚设计师”。
I am an ________ (advcate) f healthy lifestyle.
答案与解析 advcate 句意：我是一个崇尚健康生活方式的人。设空处在句中作表语，指人。故填名词advcate。
二、固定用法和常考句式
It is pssible t cmbine a career ________ being a mther.
答案与解析 with 句意：兼顾职业女性和母亲这两个角色是可能的。 “把……联合/合在一起”。
In the near future, we will be ________ (live) in smart hmes.
答案与解析 living 本句用的是将来进行时，其结构是will be ding。
________ additin, the tw persns d nt match very much.
答案与解析 In 句意：除此之外，他们两人并不十分般配。in additin “除……之外”。
He cmmanded that we ________ (cme) at nce.
答案与解析 (shuld) cme cmmand作“命令”讲时后面接that引导的宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。
He switched ________ the cmputer and began t wrk.
答案与解析 n 句意：他打开电脑开始工作。switch n “打开”。
________ small number f firms have ceased trading.
答案与解析 A 句意：一小部分公司已经停止贸易。a small number f “少量的；一小部分”。
We've prvided them ________ a lt f medical aid.
答案与解析 with prvide sb with sth “给某人提供某物”。
They'll stand ________ yu even if yu dn't succeed.
答案与解析 by 句意：即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。stand by “袖手旁观；继续支持”。
He culd nt resist ________ (tell) her the truth.
答案与解析 telling 句意：他忍不住把实情告诉了她。can/culd nt resist ding “忍不住做……”。
He is an explrer rather ________ a sailr.
答案与解析 than 句意：与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。rather than “而不是”。
三、语篇填空
Tday, we have t use __1__ (switch) fr ur lights and knbs fr ur appliances. __2__ the near future, we will be living in smart hmes __3__ will be using __4__ (advance) technlgy every day fr autmatic cntrl abut everything in ur hme. S yu will n lnger have t think abut __5__ (turn) switches n and ff yurself. Because all will be ready __6__ yu when yu get hme. In additin, yur smart hme will be mnitring yur health and als __7__ (check) yur bdy weight. They can warn yu early __8__ if yu have a critical illness. Althugh the smart technlgy is nt __9__ fantasy, __10__ will have a lng way t g.
答案与解析
1．switches 考查名词。设空处在句中作宾语， and前后成分在结构上保持一致。故填switches。
2．In 考查介词。in the future “在将来”，是固定结构。
3．which/that 考查定语从句。设空处在句中作主语，先行词是smart hmes，故用which/that引导定语从句。
4．advanced 考查形容词。technlgy是名词，用形容词修饰。故填advanced。
5．turning 考查非谓语。think abut “考虑”， abut是介词。故填turning。
6．fr 考查固定结构。be ready fr “为……做好准备”。
7．checking 考查非谓语。根据“will be mnitring yur health and als eq \a\vs4\al( 7 ) (check) yur bdy weight”可知。
8．n 考查固定结构。early n “在初期；早先”。
9．a 考查冠词。fantasy是名词，前面应加冠词。
10．it 考查代词。根据“Althugh the smart technlgy is nt eq \a\vs4\al( 9 ) fantasy, eq \a\vs4\al( 10 ) will have a lng way t g.”可知，缺主句的主语，指代the smart technlgy。故填it。
篇章培优练
一、阅读理解
A
（2022·四川凉山·高二期末）A new phne app uses vibratins (振动) frm smart phnes t alert peple abut earthquakes.
The phne app recgnizes sudden shaking f the earth’s surface thrugh sensrs (传感器) in smart phnes. The new app is called MyShake. It is the wrk f fur researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley. They said they created a wrldwide warning system that wuld infrm peple and give them time t prepare. The MyShake app is available nly fr Andrid phnes.
Smart phnes are equipped with accelermeters (加速计) . These instruments measure mvement, like that f a car r airplane. They can als measure the shaking f a machine, building r ther structure. Accelermeters are used in activity trackers and apps that cunt steps r ther exercise. They are als used in glbal psitining system (GPS) apps.
MyShake uses phne accelermeters t measure seismic (地震引起的) activity. It has been prgrammed t knw the difference between nrmal activity and earthquake mvement. The sftware develpers say their app is right 93 percent f the time. A smart phne sends seismic infrmatin t the app develpers. If the develpers receive infrmatin frm ne area, it recgnizes that an earthquake may be taking place r will take place sn. Using infrmatin sent frm the app, the netwrk then estimates the lcatin and strength f the quake in real time. MyShake can recrd magnitude (规模) 5. 0 earthquakes at distances f 10 kilmeters r less. MyShake uses very little pwer, accrding t its develpers. Only when seismic activity is sensed by the app des it becme active and sends data t the netwrk.
The app wrks best when yur phne is resting n a flat surface, like a table. The app als shws ways t stay safer during an earthquake. The develpers say it will becme mre effective as mre peple use it.
1．What can we knw abut MyShake?
A．It can be applied t all kinds f phnes.
B．It serves as a wrldwide warning system.
C．It’s the name f a new smart phne.
D．It can prevent and stp the mvement f the earth.
2．Hw can the phne app feel the earth’s shaking?
A．Thrugh vibratins frm smart phnes.
B．Thrugh infrmatin in smart phnes.
C．Thrugh sensrs in smart phnes.
D．Thrugh accelermeters in smart phnes.
3．Why are accelermeters used in MyShake?
A．T lcate where the user is.B．T cunt steps r ther exercise.
C．T measure seismic activity.D．T measure the shaking f building.
4．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．A New Phne App Feels Earthquakes
B．A New Phne App Prevents Earthquakes
C．A New Phne App Keeps Yu Safe in the Earthquake
D．A New Phne App Makes Smart Phnes Mre Effective
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A
这是以一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的智能手机软件，它能感应到地震，从而可以给人们警告。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二自然段第四句 “They said they created a wrldwide warning system that wuld infrm peple and give them time t prepare. ( 他们说，他们创建了一个全球预警系统，可以通知人们，让他们有时间准备。)” 可知，该应用程序是一个全球警告系统。故选B 项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 “The phne app recgnizes sudden shaking f the earth’s surface thrugh sensrs(传感器)in smart phnes. (这款手机应用程序通过智能手机中的传感器来识别地球表面的突然震动。)”可知，这款手机软件是通过智能手机里面的感应器来感应到地球表面的突然振动的。故选C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 “MyShake uses phne accelermeters t measure seismic (地震引起的) activity.( MyShake使用手机加速度计来测量地震活动。)”可知，MyShake使用手机加速计是来测量地震活动的。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一自然段 “A new phne app uses vibratins (振动) frm smart phnes t alert peple abut earthquakes.(一种新的手机应用程序利用智能手机的震动向人们发出地震警报。)” 并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一款新的手机应用程序，利用智能手机来感应地震。故选A 项。
B
（2021·全国·单元测试）In the far，far future，bicycles and perhaps skates may be run by jet pwer，and a new thing t ride may be a small flying saucer(飞碟). Imagine a race between them!
There may be telepathy helmets(心灵感应帽) that send thrugh waves frm yur brain t that f yur friend miles away. Yu just think a thught and yur friend knws it！Yu can have secrets with each ther that nbdy else can turn in n!
What abut the fd f the future？Scientists think that much f it will be artificial—made in factries frm such surprising things as cal，limestne，air，and water. The artificial fd will be healthful because all the things that yu need t live a lng and healthy life will be put int it.
The future hspitals will prbably have “bdy banks” that can give yu almst any new part yu need t keep n living. Peple f the future may live t be a lt lder than 100 years.
What abut highways f the future？Well，a very small child prbably will be able t drive a car. Nbdy will need t steer(驾驶). Electric signals will hld each car n the right rad t get wherever the “driver” wants t g. And it prbably will be impssible fr cars t smash tgether. Cntrls that wn’t even have t be tuched will make all speeding cars miss each ther r will put n the brakes. Driving cars will be as safe as being at hme.
But maybe the mst wnderful surprise in the future will be weather cntrl. Cities may have giant plastic dmes(圆顶罩) ver them t keep ut snw，rain，r strms. When yu plan a picnic in a park，yu wn’t have t wrry abut rain. It will rain nly when the “weatherman” thinks it is necessary t fresh the air inside the city. All ther days will be fair and warm.
The future shuld be a wnderful time in which t live and the time we are living in nw is als a wnderful future t the peple wh lived 100 years ag.
5．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．With telepathy helmets, we can share ur thughts withut any wrds.
B．The artificial fd made frm cal and limestne tastes the mst delicius in the future.
C．There will be “bdy banks” instead f hspitals in the future.
D．Plastic dmes themselves can autmatically cntrl the weather.
6．With the future highways，________ .
A．small children have t learn t drive
B．car accidents still culdn’t be avided
C．we can be taken t the destinatin withut steering
D．cars will be n lnger equipped with brakes
7．The authr’s attitude twards the future life is________.
A．disappintedB．pessimistic
C．satisfiedD．dubtful
【答案】5．A 6．C 7．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了作者对未来的生活进行的畅想。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Yu just think a thught and yur friend knws it!（你只要有一个想法，你的朋友就会知道）”可知，未来人们有了心灵感应帽不用说话就能交流。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第五段第三句“Nbdy will need t steer(驾驶). （没有人需要驾驶。）”可知，在未来的公路上，我们可以不用驾驶就能到达目的地。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“The future shuld be a wnderful time in which t live and the time we are living in nw is als a wnderful future t the peple wh lived 100 years ag.（未来应该是一个美好的时代生活，我们现在生活的时代也是一个美好的未来谁生活100年前。）”可知，作者认为未来的世界很精彩，所以作者对于未来生活的态度是很满意的。故选C。
二、七选五
（2022·全国·高三课时练习）Is it time t ditch sugar?
It’s n secret that sugar can cause issues if yu’re indulging (放任) in a little t much f the sweet stuff. Still, mst Americans are eating t much sugar. The harmful effects it can have n yur physical health are well studied. ___1____.
Sugar can affect yur md
Yu prbably turn t a dughnut (甜甜圈) r sda fr an extra bst during a lng day. Yet sugar may nt be such a psitive pick-me-up after all. Recent research indicates that sugary treats have n psitive effect n md. ____2____.
One study published in 2017 fund that cnsuming a diet high in sugar can increase the chances f md disrders. A mre recent 2019 study fund that regular cnsumptin f saturated fats (饱和脂肪) and added sugars were related t higher feelings f anxiety in adults ver age 60.
____3____
It’s hard t avid reaching fr cmfrt fds, especially after a difficult day. But the cycle f cnsuming sugar t manage yur emtins may nly make yur feelings f sadness, tiredness, r hpelessness wrse. Multiple studies have fund a link between diets high in sugar and depressin.
____4____. These can lead t depressin and may even increase the lng-term risk f develping a mental health disrder in sme peple.
Sugar destrys yur brain pwer
Emerging research has fund that diets high in sugar can damage cgnitive functining, even in the absence f extreme weight gain r t much energy intake. A 2015 study fund that cnsuming high levels f sugar-sweetened drinks made neurcgnitive functins like decisin making and memry wrse. ____5____. But a mre recent study fund that healthy vlunteers in their 20s scred wrse n memry tests and had prer appetite cntrl after just 7 days f eating a diet high in saturated fat and added sugars.
Althugh mre studies are needed t slidify the effects n mental health f sugar cnsumptin, it’s imprtant t cnsider hw diet can affect yur well-being.
A．Sugar can weaken yur ability t deal with stress
B．Granted, the research was dne n rats
C．Overcnsumptin f sugar triggers imbalances in certain brain chemicals
D．Sugar can increase yur risk fr develping depressin
E．In fact, sugar may have the ppsite effect ver time
F．Hwever, the effect n mental health is wrth taking a secnd lk
G．If yu’re dying fr sweets, here’s what t eat instead
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．D 4．C 5．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了糖对心理健康的坏处。
1．上文“The harmful effects it can have n yur physical health are well studied.”说糖对你身体健康的有害影响已经被充分研究了，再由下文小标题“Sugar can affect yur md”（糖会影响你的情绪）和“Sugar destrys yur brain pwer”（糖会破坏你的脑力）以及糖对心理的影响可知，文章主要讲糖对心理健康的影响，此处引出下文并与上文形成转折，F选项“然而，对心理健康的影响值得再看一眼”切题。故选F项。
2．由小标题“Sugar can affect yur md”（糖会影响你的情绪）、前两句“Yet sugar may nt be such a psitive pick-me-up after all. Recent research indicates that sugary treats have n psitive effect n md.”（然而，糖可能并不是一个积极的提神剂。最近的研究表明，甜食对情绪没有积极影响。）和第三段首句“One study published in 2017 fund that cnsuming a diet high in sugar can increase the chances f md disrders.”（2017年发表的一项研究发现，食用高糖饮食会增加心境障碍的几率。）可知，糖会影响人的情绪，对情绪没有积极影响，高糖还会增加心境障碍的几率，说明糖对情绪的影响是消极的，承接上下文，E选项“事实上，随着时间的推移，糖可能会产生相反的效果”切题。故选E项。
3．此处选择小标题，由第四段“It’s hard t avid reaching fr cmfrt fds, especially after a difficult day. But the cycle f cnsuming sugar t manage yur emtins may nly make yur feelings f sadness, tiredness, r hpelessness wrse. Multiple studies have fund a link between diets high in sugar and depressin.”（很难避免去吃舒适的食物，尤其是在经历难熬的一天之后。但是，用糖来控制情绪的循环只会让你的悲伤、疲倦或绝望的感觉更糟。多项研究发现，高糖饮食与抑郁症之间存在联系。）可知，用糖来控制抑郁情绪只会更糟，高糖饮食与抑郁症之间存在联系，说明糖会增加抑郁症的风险，D选项“糖会增加你患抑郁症的风险”能概括本段内容。故选D项。
4．由下一句“These can lead t depressin and may even increase the lng-term risk f develping a mental health disrder in sme peple.”（这些都会导致抑郁，甚至可能增加一些人患精神疾病的长期风险。）可知，本段在分析糖会增加抑郁症风险的原因，该空填写内容应与其原因相关，衔接下文，C选项“过度消耗糖会引发某些大脑化学物质的失衡”切题。故选C项。
5．由上一句“A 2015 study fund that cnsuming high levels f sugar-sweetened drinks made neurcgnitive functins like decisin making and memry wrse.”（2015年的一项研究发现，摄入高水平的含糖饮料会使决策和记忆等神经认知功能恶化。）可知，B选项中的“the research”对应上一句中的“A 2015 study”，该空是对上一句研究结果的肯定，表明此处研究结果真实可靠，承接上文，B选项“当然，这项研究是在老鼠身上进行的”切题。故选B项。

三、完形填空
（2021·重庆八中二模）Trackers n Ice
Just because a scientist puts a GPS tracking cllar n a wild plar bear des nt mean the animal will willingly keep it n. ___1___, these huge cllars are purpsefully lse s that if ne becmes annying, a bear can ___2___it. But scientists have nw fund a way t use signals frm the discarded(丢弃的)devices.
“These drpped cllars___3___wuld have been cnsidered garbage data,” says Natasha Klappstein, a plar bear researcher at the University f Alberta. She and her clleagues instead used___4___frm such cllars, left n sea ice in Canada's Hudsn Bay, t track the ice itself. Fr their study, published in June in The Crysphere, the researchers ___5___twenty cllars that sent mvement data cnsistent(与······一致的)with ice drift rather than plar bear ___6___between 2005 and 2015. The resulting recrds f hw melting ice typically drifts in Hudsn Bay are unique; there are n easily ___7___n-the-grund sensrs, and satellite bservatins ften cannt ___8___capture the mtin f small ice sheets.
The team cmpared the discarded cllars' mvements with widely used ice-drift mdeling data frm the U.S. Natinal Snw and Ice Data Center (NSIDC). Cllar data indicated that the NSIDC mdel underestimates the speed at which ice mves arund in Hudsn Bay--as well as the verall ___9___f drift. Over the curse f several mnths the mdel culd drift away frm an ice sheet's lcatin by a few hundred kilmeters, the researchers say.
This means the bears may be wrking harder, when mving against the directin f the ice, than scientists had ____10____ .“Since we're underestimating the speed f drift, we're likely underestimating the energetic effrt f plar bears," says Natasha Klappstein. The research reveals____11____insight (洞悉) int hw highly mbile ice mves. As melting increases in cming years, such ice will likely becme mre ____12____farther nrth, in the central Arctic. Scientists had knwn NSIDC data culd underestimate drift speeds, but “any time we can find a data ____13____,it is a gd thing.”
Plus,such data culd imprve predictins abut hw il spills r ther pllutants may spread in seas ____14____ with drifting ice, says Walt Meier, a senir NSIDC research scientist,wh was nt invlved in the study. The findings may even ____15____future NSIDC mdels. “It's a really nice data set,” Meier says."And certainly ne we’ll take cnsideratin.
1．A．In factB．In a wayC．In additinD．In the end
2．A．destryB．remveC．resistD．reject
3．A．particularlyB．relevantlyC．intentinallyD．ptentially
4．A．estimatesB．subjectsC．measurementsD．patents
5．A．displayedB．identifiedC．justifiedD．preserved
6．A．behavirB．habitatC．mannerD．mtin
7．A．flexibleB．favrableC．accessibleD．changeable
8．A．internallyB．accuratelyC．securelyD．independently
9．A．extentB．damageC．trendD．limit
10．A．agreedB．prmisedC．prvedD．assumed
11．A．immediateB．superirC．entireD．timely
12．A．evidentB．uniqueC．cmmnD．realistic
13．A．gapB．scanC．bmD．fit
14．A．replacedB．litteredC．packedD．matched
15．A．reverseB．resembleC．influenceD．mtivate
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家通过被丢弃的项圈获得数据来研究北极冰的移动。
1．考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. In fact事实上；B. In a way某种程度上；C. In additin另外；D. In the end最后。根据上下文可知，科学家将GPS跟踪项圈放在野生北极熊身上，并不意味着北极熊会愿意继续使用它。后文表示实际情况，项圈是故意松开的，可以被北极熊摘下的。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这些巨大的项圈是故意松开的，这样如果一个项圈让熊觉得讨厌，熊可能会把它取下来。A. destry摧毁；B. remve移掉，脱下，摘下；C. resist抵抗，抵制；D. reject拒绝。此处表示北极熊不愿带项圈时，项圈是可以被北极熊摘下的。故选B项。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“这些掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据，”阿尔伯塔大学的北极熊研究人员娜塔莎·克拉普斯坦说。A. particularly尤其；B. relevantly相关地；C. intentinally有意地；D. ptentially有可能地。根据上文语境，由于项圈可以被松开，因此，这部分掉下来的项圈很有可能被认为是垃圾数据。故选D项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，她和她的同事利用遗留在加拿大哈德逊湾的冰块上留下的项圈上的测量数据来追踪冰块本身。A. estimates估计；B. subjects主题；C. measurements测量数据；D. patents专利。与上文garbage data呼应，根据本句中“frm such cllars”可知，在项圈上的应该是测量数据。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在《冰冻圈》上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. displayed展示；B. identified识别，鉴定；C. justified证明合法；D. preserved保护。此处是出于研究目的，从四个选项来看只有identified最符合搭配。故选B项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六月份发表在《冰冻圈》上的研究中，研究人员鉴定了20个项圈，它们在2005年到2015年之间发送的运动数据与冰层漂移而不是与北极熊的运动一致。A. behavir行为；B. habitat栖息地；C. manner方式、礼仪；D. mtin运动。本题为单词复现题。第8空所在的句子“and satellite bservatins ften cannt accurately capture the mtin f small ice sheets”中出现了mtin。故选D项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. flexible灵活的；B. favrable赞许的；C. accessible易接近的、可理解的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“ften cannt”及“n easily”可知，此处表示无法探测地面传感器。故选C项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：关于融化的冰如何在哈德逊湾典型漂移的结果记录是独特的：地面传感器不易探测，卫星观测常常无法准确捕捉小冰原的运动。A. internally内部地；B. accurately精确地；C. securely安全地；D. independently独立地。根据“capture the mtin f small ice sheets”及“n easily”可知，此处表示无法精确捕捉小冰原的运动。故选B项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：项圈数据表明，NSIDC模型低估了哈德逊湾海冰移动的速度——以及漂移的总体范围。A. extent范围；B. damage毁坏；C. trend趋势；D. limit限制。根据下文“Over the curse f several mnths the mdel culd drift away frm an ice sheet's lcatin by a few hundred kilmeters”可知，此处指总体的漂移范围。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着北极熊在逆冰移动的时候可能比科学家们想象的更加努力。A. agreed同意；B. prmised保证；C. prved证明；D. assumed设想，假设。根据后文的“underestimating”可知，此处表示科学家的设想。故选D项。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项研究及时地揭示了高速移动的冰是如何移动的。A. immediate立刻的；B. superir更好的，上级的；C. entire 整体的；D. timely及时的。从文章后面对于近年冰盖变化的描述来看，此处是表达科学家对于冰盖漂移发现的及时性。故选D项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于冰川融化在未来几年会增加，这样的冰块在更北边的地方可能会变得更常见。A. evident清晰可见的；B. unique独一无二的；C. cmmn 普通的，常见的；D. realistic现实的。根据“As melting increases in cming years”推测，这样的冰块在北方更为常见。故选C项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们已经知道NSIDC的数据可能会低估漂移速度，但“任何时候我们都能发现数据缺口，这是一件好事。”A. gap缺口；B. scan扫描；C. bm（贸易和经济活动的）激增；D. fit（癫痫等的）突发，发作。根据“NSIDC data culd underestimate drift speeds”和“it is a gd thing.”可知，这里指发现数据缺口。故选A项。
14．考查过去分词词义辨析。句意：此外，未参与这项研究的NSIDC资深研究科学家Walt Meier说：“这些数据可以改善对溢油或其他污染物如何在满是浮冰的海洋中扩散的预测。”A. replaced被替换的；B. littered散放的；C. packed被打包的；D. matched被配对的。此处“littered with drifting ice”修饰“cean”，为过去分词作后置定语，意思为：满是浮冰的。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样的发现甚至也许会影响未来的NSIDC模型。A. reverse逆转；B. resemble类似，像；C. influence影响；D. mtivate激励。上文有提到模型和实际的差距，因此这项研究只能影响到新的模型，做出调整和改进。故选C项。