Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（B卷·能力提升练）-【单元测试】2022-2023学年高一英语分层训练AB卷（译林版2020必修第三册）

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Class Name Number Mark
Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（B卷·能力提升练）
（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5题）
A
Madame Marie Curie is famous for having won two Nobel Prizes, but many other women have also been awarded the prize. Here are their stories.
Sigrid Undset
Sigrid Undset is one of the three Norwegian authors to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Undset received the Prize in 1928, for her powerful description of life during the Middle Ages in Scandinavia. In her lifetime, she wrote two huge novels set against the background of Norway in the 13th century, the 3-volume Kristine Lavransdatter, and the 4-volume Olav Audunss.
Gerty Theresa Cori
Gerty and her husband, Carl Cori, moved to the United States in 1922, where the two medical doctors worked together at Roswell Park Cancer Center Institute in New York, hoping to find the cure for diabetes. In 1947, Gerty, Carl and the Argentine doctor Bernardo were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, making Gerty the first woman to hold the honor.
Maria Goeppert-Mayer
Born in 1906 in Germany, Maria Goeppert-Mayer moved to the US with her husband Joseph Edward Mayer, a chemist, in 1930. While in the US, Goeppert-Mayer developed the nuclear shell model, for which she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner. She was the first woman to receive the award in 60 years.
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OM
Dorothy Hodgkin showed a love for science as a child and at age 18, she began studying chemistry at a women-only Oxford college. She entered her PhD at the University of Cambridge, where she first took an interest in X-ray crystallography and began studying the structure of proteins. In 1934, she moved back to Oxford, where she was appointed the university’s first research chemistry fellow. Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1964.
21．What is Sigrid Unset well-known for in history?
A．Her discoveries. B．Her invention.
C．Her books. D．Her social work
22．How old was Goeppert-Mayer when she won the Nobel Prize?
A．30 B．57 C．60 D．63
23．Who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry according to the passage?
A．Sigrid Undset B．Gerty Theresa Cori
C．Maria Goepper-Mayer D．Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin OM
【答案】21．C22．B23．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位获得诺贝尔奖的女性的故事。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Sigrid Undset is one of the three Norwegian authors to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature. Undset received the Prize in 1928, for her powerful description of life during the Middle Ages in Scandinavia.(西格里德·温塞特是获得诺贝尔文学奖的三位挪威作家之一。1928年，因其对中世纪斯堪的纳维亚生活的有力描述，温塞特获得了该奖项。)”可知，西格里德是一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家，因此她因她的书而出名。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Born in 1906 in Germany, Maria Goeppert-Mayer moved to the US with her husband Joseph Edward Mayer, a chemist, in 1930. While in the US ,Goeppert-Mayer developed the nuclear shell model, for which she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen and Eugene Paul Wigner.(1906年出生于德国的玛丽亚·戈培特于1930年和她的化学家丈夫约瑟夫·爱德华·迈尔一起移居美国。在美国时，戈培特发展了原子核壳模型，并因此与约翰内斯·汉斯·丹尼尔·延森和尤金·保罗·威格纳共同获得了1963年诺贝尔物理学奖。)”可知，玛丽亚·戈培特出生于1906年，于1963获得诺贝尔物理学奖，故她是在57岁时获奖的。故选B项。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Dorothy Hodgkin showed a love for science as a child and at age 18, she began studying chemistry at a women-only Oxford college.(多萝西·霍奇金从小就显示出对科学的热爱。18岁时，她开始在牛津一所女子学院学习化学。)”以及“Her work on mapping vitamin B12 earned her the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1964.(她在绘制维生素B12图谱方面的工作为她赢得了1964年的诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，是多萝西·霍奇金获得了诺贝尔化学奖。故选D项。

B
The moment that Jiang Mengnan received the Touching China Person of the Year Award for 2021, she said she most wanted to express her gratitude to her parents. Born in 1992 in Yizhang county, Hunan Province, Jiang’s world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when some drugs she was given damaged her hearing. So, Jiang’s parents, both middle school teachers, taught her to learn vocalization and lip reading.
Jiang put her hands on the throats of her parents when they talked and felt the vibration (震动) of the vocal cords (声带) to learn to speak. When reading Pinyin, she carefully looked at the lips of other people! s pronunciations to know the formation of each syllable. Mastering a single word can take at least 1000 practice attempts for Jiang. Furthermore, different people had different mouth movements, which added difficulty to her social contacts and school life when it came to lip reading.
Through lip reading and self-study, she was able to keep up with learning and was accepted by Jilin University School of Pharmacy with a high score of 615 on the college entrance examination. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD candidate at Tsinghua University’s School of Life Sciences.
Jiang’s story is one of victory over adversity. More importantly, she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan Province and beyond to struggle for success. Because of her hearing loss, she couldn’t be a doctor. Instead, she chose pharmacy (药剂学) to help reduce people’s pain and assist their recovery. Another crucial way she aims to contribute is by teaching children in similar situations not to be limited by their disability. As often as she can, Jiang visits special education schools and meets with students. She tells them to do their best to achieve as much as a so-called healthy person.
She stressed that people with disabilities have no need to feel discouraged, as they can do the same or even better than non-disabled people around them. When God closes a door, he opens a window, and this girl believes that all challenges are gifts.
24. What causes Jiang to lose her hearing?
A. She had a genetic disease. B. She suffered from a high fever.
C. She was injured in a car accident. D. She took a harmful medicine.
25. What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. Jiang’s advice on mastering pronunciation skills.
B. Jiang’s experiences of language learning.
C. Jiang’s attempts to overcome social anxiety.
D. Jiang’s success in the college entrance examination.
26. In what way does Jiang help disabled children?
A. By investing money in building schools for them.
B. By treating them with free medicine as a doctor.
C. By teaching them to learn lip reading.
D. By encouraging them to overcome difficulties.
27. What does Jiang’s story tell us?
A. Never judge a book by its cover. B. Hard work pays off.
C. Practice makes perfect. D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是姜孟楠六个月大时因为药物而失聪，她的父母教她学习发音和读唇，通过努力，她最终被清华大学生命科学学院录取为博士生的故事。
24.细节理解题。根据第一段“Born in 1992 in Yizhang county, Hunan Province, Jiang's world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when some drugs she was given damaged her hearing.( 1992年，姜出生于湖南省宜章县。6个月大的时候，由于服用药物导致听力受损，蒋雯的世界从此沉默了。)”可知，导致她失去听力的是她吃了一种有害的药。故选D项。
25.主旨大意题。根据第二段“Jiang put her hands on the throats of her parents when they talked and felt the vibration of the vocal cords to learn to speak. When reading Pinyin, she carefully looked at the lips of other people! s pronunciations to know the formation of each syllable.(当父母说话时，姜会把手放在父母的喉咙上，通过感受声带的振动来学习说话。读拼音的时候，她仔细地看着别人的嘴唇!要知道每个音节的构成。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是江的语言学习经历。故选 B项。
26.推理判断题。根据第四段“More importantly, she is helping inspire disabled children in her native Hunan Province and beyond to struggle for success.(更重要的是，她正在帮助激励她的家乡湖南省和其他地区的残疾儿童为成功而奋斗。)”可知，姜通过鼓励残疾人打破障碍来帮助他们。故选D项。
27.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Through lip reading and self-study, she was able to keep up with learning and was accepted by Jilin University School of Pharmacy with a high score of 615 on the college entrance examination. In 2018, she was accepted as a PhD candidate at Tsinghua University’s School of Life Sciences.(通过唇读和自学，她能够跟上学习的步伐，并在高考中以615的高分被吉林大学药学院录取。2018年，她被清华大学生命科学学院录取为博士研究生。)”可知，本文主要讲的是姜孟楠六个月大时因为药物而失聪，她的父母教她学习发音和读唇，通过努力，她最终被清华大学生命科学学院录取为博士生。由此推知，我们可以从她的故事中学到努力会有回报。故选B项。

C
The popularity of Chinese-owned video-sharing service TikTok(抖音)continues to grow among young people in the United States. In 2019, experts say the service more than doubled its American user base to 37 million. TikTok is especially popular with teens and young adults.
The service lets users create and share their short videos that they think interesting and useful. Many of them are under 15 seconds. The TikTok app offers a wide choice of sounds, brief parts of songs and special effects tools to help create a video. Some TikTok-based memes(表情包)are very popular. Videos often include popular songs from well-known artists and TikTok has even helped launch the careers of new music stars.
TikTok is considered a competitor to the video-sharing app Snapchat, as well as Facebook's Instagram service. Snapchat and Instagram also mainly interest young users with a wide mix of photos and videos centered largely on fashion, pop culture and humor.
Last year, TikTok was the second-most downloaded app from Apple and Google stores. Only WhatsApp was downloaded more. Research company Sensor Tower guesses people have downloaded the TikTok app 1.65 billion times.
TikTok has been used by many major companies to reach young people who use little or no traditional media. One of those companies is American-based e. l. f. Cosmetics(化妆品). The makeup company's chief marketer, Kory Marchisotto, said that TikTok is "where the Gen Z party is". Gen Z is a name used to call the generation born between the late 1990s and the early 2000s.“That's where they're all hanging out," Marchisotto said.
Companies appearing on TikTok can make money through advertising. Often, the companies create user "challenges" as part of their advertisement campaigns. TikTok users created 3 million videos that received more than 4 billion view.
28．Which word can best describe the videos created on TikTok?
A．Traditional. B．Boring. C．Various. D．Serious.
29．Which was downloaded most from Apple and Google stores last year?
A．TikTok. B．Snapchat. C．Instagram. D．WhatsApp.
30．What can companies do on TikTok?
A．Challenge their competitors. B．Make advertisements.
C．Hold music concerts. D．Promote users' abilities to make videos.
31．What is the best title for the text?
A．TikTok Keeps Growing Among US Youth B．How to Share Short Videos
C．Facebook Achieves Great Success D．Companies Benefit Much from Videos
【答案】28．C29．D30．B31．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中资视频分享服务TikTok（抖音）在美国越来越受欢迎，以及抖音的商业用途。
28.推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“The TikTok app offers a wide choice of sounds, brief parts of songs and special effects tools to help create a video.”（抖音提供了丰富的声音选择，歌曲的简短部分和特效工具去帮助用户创造一个视频。）由此可推断出在抖音上制作的视频应该是各种各样的。选项C与文意相符，故选C项。
29.细节理解题。根据文章第四段关键句“Last year, TikTok was the second-most downloaded app from Apple and Google stores. Only WhatsApp was downloaded more.”（去年，抖音是苹果和谷歌应用商店下载量排名第二的应用程序。只有WhatsApp的下载量比它更多。）可由此可知去年，苹果和谷歌应用商店下载量最多的应用程序是WhatsApp。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。
30.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Companies appearing on TikTok can make money through advertising.”（出现在抖音上的公司可以通过广告赚钱。）由此可知，公司可以在抖音上为自己的产品作广告。选项B与文意相符，故选B项。
31.主旨大意题。浏览全文，本文主要介绍的是TikTok（抖音）在美国越来越受欢迎的事实。再根据文章第一段关键句“The popularity of Chinese-owned video-sharing service TikTok (抖音) continues to grow among young people in the United States.”也可推断出抖音在美国年轻人中越来越受欢迎。文章最后两段通过描述抖音的商业价值，也可以侧面放映出正因为年轻用户多，才具有商业价值。综上所述，本文的最佳标题为“中国的抖音在美国年轻人中越来越受欢迎。”选项A符合题意，故选A项。

D
The food people eat is often brought in from miles away and stored using traditional cooling systems before the products hit store shelves. Ice is the most common cooling method that is used. When ice melts, it’s not reusable. Luxin Wang, one of the project’s leaders, saw the massive amounts of unrecyclable ice being used to store the fish at a fishing processing plant and the cross-contamination (交叉污染) that melted water could spread among products or down the drain. This inspired her to look for a sustainable solution. The team got to work and created what they refer to as “jelly ice cubes” .
The ice cubes can take on various shapes and sizes and withstand temperature and pressure changes. That means that the jelly ice cubes won’t melt in hotter temperatures but rather the technology will change colors to indicate that the ice cube needs to be refrozen. The cubes won’t lose their form either. The novelty cubes can be used for 13 hours of storage and can easily be washed with bleach (漂白剂), and frozen again for reuse.
The research team knows that using these has huge potential to reduce water waste and food waste across the food supply chain. Food contamination is one of the biggest factors in food waste and can happen at any stage. Once ice turns to water, it can pick up bacteria and subsequently spread it between neighboring produce. However, if the jelly ice cubes are used, they can offer a reusable solution to conserve water and have a big impact on reducing food waste. These solid cubes can prevent cross-contamination that comes from melted ice.
Already easing two major threats facing food production, the team plans to take their research one step further and use agricultural waste and byproducts as the cooling agents (冷却剂) in their future ice cube designs. And these new innovative jelly ice cubes appear to be real winners in helping create greener food industry.
32. What motivated Wang to create the jelly ice cubes?
A. Dealing with food waste at a fishing processing plant.
B. Transporting products with ice cubes melting halfway.
C. Seeing problems of storing the fish in a traditional way.
D. Receiving boxes with many unrecyclable ice cubes inside.
33. What does the underlined word “ withstand ” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Resist. B. Measure. C. Reduce. D. Sense.
34. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. The cause of food contamination.
B. The advantages of the jelly ice cubes.
C. The process of manufacturing new ice cubes.
D. The methods of keeping food clean and fresh.
35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The jelly ice cubes will reach food producers soon.
B. The new ice cubes will contribute to the promotion of green food.
C. Researchers have discovered effective ways to ensure food safety.
D. Researchers will make the production of ice cubes more eco-friendly.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了王鲁新发明“果冻冰块”的原因以及它的特点和作用。
32.细节理解题。根据第一段中“The food people eat is often brought in from miles away and stored using traditional cooling systems before the products hit store shelves. Ice is the most common cooling method that is used. When ice melts, it’s not reusable. Luxin Wang, one of the project’s leaders, saw the massive amounts of unrecyclable ice being used to store the fish at a fishing processing plant and the cross-contamination (交叉污染) that melted water could spread among products or down the drain. This inspired her to look for a sustainable solution.”可知，看到了用传统方式储存鱼类的问题激发了王鲁新去发明“果冻冰块”。故选C项。
33.词义猜测题。根据划线词下文中的阐述“That means that the jelly ice cubes won’t melt in hotter temperatures (这意味着果冻冰块在更高的温度下不会融化)”和“The cubes won’t lose their form either. (立方体也不会失去形状)”可知，“果冻冰块”能耐高温和抗挤压，由此推知“The ice cubes can take on various shapes and sizes and withstand temperature and pressure changes.”中withstand与resist同义，意为“耐得住，抗得住”。故选A项。
34.主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The research team knows that using these has huge potential to reduce water waste and food waste across the food supply chain. (研究团队知道，使用这些材料在减少整个食品供应链的水浪费和食物浪费方面具有巨大的潜力)”和“However, if the jelly ice cubes are used, they can offer a reusable solution to conserve water and have a big impact on reducing food waste. These solid cubes can prevent cross-contamination that comes from melted ice.(然而，如果使用果冻冰块，它们可以提供一个可重复使用的解决方案来节约用水，并对减少食物浪费有很大的影响。这些固体可以防止融化的冰造成的交叉污染)”可推知，第三段主要介绍了“果冻冰块”的优点。故选B项。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“the team plans to take their research one step further and use agricultural waste and byproducts as the cooling agents (冷却剂) in their future ice cube designs. (该团队计划将他们的研究进一步推进，在未来的冰块设计中使用农业废料和副产品作为冷却剂)”可推知，未来的冰块设计中将使用农业废料和副产品作为冷却剂，将使冰块的生产更加环保。故选D项。

二、七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Whatever we do, it is important to set goals. However, it’s easy to know about but difficult to practise.
People set goal, work hard at them for even a few months, and then forget them. Next year, they set the same goals. But why do so many people do it? ____36____ But that isn’t to say these goals aren’t achievable. They need to be broken down into smaller and specific pieces. ____37____
Many people are probably unwilling to support you to reach your goals. They’re comfortable with you when you have your own goals. ____38____ However, as you change and succeed, they may not like it. Why? It’s usually because your changes and achievements remind them that they could be doing it, too…but they aren’t!
You may have filled your schedule with so many things that there’s little room for your goals to grow. We must be careful not to confuse busyness with progress, as goals are always achieved step by step. ____39____ Success often comes when you know what to leave out, rather than what to include in your life.
____40____ The chicken became really excited when she saw a sign: “Ham & Eggs, $2. 99”. She said to the pig, “Look, we’ve got double billing again.” The pig said, “That’s natural for you to say! For you, it’s all in a day’s work. For me, it’s total commitment (投入)”. Goal setting is all in a day’s work. Goal achievement is total commitment.
A．Maybe they don’t stick to the goals.
B．Don’t spend too much time on small things.
C．They may be making goals too general.
D．Goal setting is like the pig and chicken walking out early one morning.
E．They may even be enthusiastic about your desire to change something or try something new.
F．Be selective about how you use your time and what you focus on.
G．Make small goals and you’ll achieve them easily.
【答案】36．C37．G38．E39．F40．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，人们很难设定目标的原因和方法。
36．由上文“People set goal, work hard at them for even a few months, and then forget them. Next year, they set the same goals. But why do so many people do it? (人们设定目标，努力工作甚至几个月，然后忘记它们。明年，他们设定了同样的目标。但是为什么这么多人这么做呢)”可知，上文讲人们设定目标，最后很难坚持完成它；下文“But that isn’t to say these goals aren’t achievable. They need to be broken down into smaller and specific pieces. (但这并不是说这些目标无法实现。它们需要被分解成更小、更具体的部分)”可知，下文讲述了完成目标在于把目标分解成更小、更具体的部分，C选项“他们可能把目标定得太笼统了。”承接上文讲“很难坚持完成目标”的原因，引出下文讲“如何实现目标的方法”。故选C项。
37．由上文“But that isn’t to say these goals aren’t achievable. They need to be broken down into smaller and specific pieces. (但这并不是说这些目标无法实现。它们需要被分解成更小、更具体的部分)可知，上文讲述了完成目标在于把目标分解成更小、更具体的部分，承接上文，G选项“制定小目标，你会很容易实现。”符合实现目标的方法。故选G项。
38．由上文“They’re comfortable with you when you have your own goals. (当你有自己的目标时，他们对你很满意)”可知，上文讲你有目标人们会对你感到满意，E选项中“even be enthusiastic about your desire”呼应上文的“comfortable with you when you have your own goals”，进一步说明人们对你有目标会感到满意这件事，承接上文，E选项“他们甚至可能对你想要改变或尝试新事物的愿望充满热情。”切题。故选E项。
39．由上文“You may have filled your schedule with so many things that there’s little room for your goals to grow. We must be careful not to confuse busyness with progress, as goals are always achieved step by step. (你可能已经用太多的事情填满了你的日程，以至于你的目标几乎没有增长的空间。我们必须小心，不要把忙碌与进步混为一谈，因为目标总是一步一步实现的)”可知，上文作者建议读者不要把忙碌与进步混为一谈，实现目标要循序渐进，按时间一个一个来；下文“Success often comes when you know what to leave out, rather than what to include in your life. (当你知道在生活中应该忽略什么，而不是应该包含什么时，成功就会到来)”可知，下文作者建议读者在生活中要懂得忽视，承接上下文，F选项“有选择地使用你的时间和专注于什么。”符合本段作者建议读者做的事。故选F项。
40．由下文“The chicken became really excited when she saw a sign: “Ham & Eggs, $2. 99”. She said to the pig, “Look, we’ve got double billing again.”. (当小鸡看到一块牌子：“火腿蛋，2.99美元”时，她变得非常兴奋。她对猪说：“看，我们又有了双倍的账单。”)”可知，D选项中 “the pig and chicken”对应下文的“The chicken”和“the pig”承接下文，D选项“设定目标就像猪和鸡在一大早走出来一样。”引出小鸡和小猪。故选D项。

三、 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
Even in tough times the things and people you love can help you escape.
As I (41)______ here in my hot, uncomfortable hospital bed, all I can think about is how (42)______ I want to leave this place. It has been four days of (43)______ giving bad news. I have been able to (44)______ one meal a day due to the surgeries I was scheduled for later. I (45)______ my mom for my car keys and on my keychain there is a(n) (46)______ piece of leather made from my first baseball glove. She gave me a(n) (47)______ look, as if thinking I am going to drive home, and handed the keychain to me. In the fivers of the leather are so many (48)______ that have transformed me as a person.
I (49)______ my keys and touch a smooth piece of leather. It is a nice coffee brown and about 3 inches in (50)______. The keychain carries (51)______ moments as well as moments when I strike out and lose. Each one has (52)______ me not only as a baseball player, but as a person.
All of a sudden, my nurse walks in and I jump when I hear her (53)______. She didn’t mean to interrupt, but I (54)______ more medicine. Once she leaves, I focus (55)______ and grasp the leather. I rub my fingers up and down just feeling this (56)______ of the game. It takes me on a wild road trip through my brain and I am (57)______ at each baseball ,memory. This time I begin to (58)______ the people that are involved in my baseball life.
I open my eyes, (59)______ the road trip that I used to be on has gone with the wind. My (60)______ shifts to the clock on the opposite wall. Almost an hour has passed!
41. A. live B. lie C. lean D. hide
42. A. seriously B. completely C. badly D. apparently
43. A. teachers B. friends C. parents D. doctors
44. A. eat B. afford C. appreciate D. choose
45. A. direct B. beg C. consult D. ask
46. A. unimaginable B. soft C. ordinary D. thick
47. A. upset B. worried C. puzzled D. nervous
48. A. experiences B. feelings C. thoughts D. memories
49. A. grab B. play C. cast D. sense
50. A. square B. length C. width D. size
51. A. heartbreaking B. enthusiastic C. great D. different
52. A. shocked B. influenced C. changed D. forgotten
53. A. suggestion B. voice C. footstep D. indication
54. A. need B. buy C. take D. try
55. A. forward B. alone C. on D. back
56. A. reminder B. souvenir C. reward D. award
57. A. wandering B. standing C. stopping D. recalling
58. A. understand B. copy C. satisfy D. picture
59. A. finding B. realizing C. touching D. assuming
60. A. awareness B. history C. concentration D. dream
【答案】41-45 BCDAD 46-50 BCDAB 51-55 CCBAD 56-60 ACDBC
【解析】
41. 考察动词，作者生病，等待手术，可只是躺在医院的病床上。故选B。
42. 考察副词，上文hot和uncomfortable暗示作者想离开医院的强烈渴望，故选C
43. 考察名词，作者住院，因此这里说的是医生的诊断，故选D。
44. 考察动词，作者接下来要进行手术，因此一天只能吃一餐，故选A。
45. 考察动词，此处是向母亲要车钥匙，后文的handed the keychain to me给出提示，故选D。
46. 考察形容词，后文的leather和baseball glove提示此处是soft。
47. 考察形容词，我重病在床，却索要车钥匙和钥匙链，不禁让母亲觉得不同寻常，难以理解，故选C。
48. 考察名词，作者后面都是回忆以前作为棒球运动员的事情，故选D。
49. 考察动词，作者此处是拿着钥匙，故选A。
50. 考察名词，这里描述的是这里说的是那块皮革的大小，故选B。
51. 考察形容词，钥匙链承载着一些重要的时刻和一些击球失败的时刻，故选C。
52. 考察动词，上文的that have transformed me as a person暗示了改变自己，故选C。
53. 考察名词，护士进来，作者只能听到的是她的声音，而且后文的She didn't mean to interrupt也是提示。
54. 考察动词，护士并不想打扰我，只不过我需要用药，故选A。
55. 考察介词，护士离开了，作者立刻就重新将注意力放在以前关注的事情上，故选D。
56. 考察名词，作者钥匙链上的那块皮革，是让作者能够想起比赛的事物，故选A。
57. 考察现在分词，作者将对以前的回忆比作是一次旅途，作者在每一个记忆的地方都停留下来，故选C。
58. 考察动词，作者在回忆过去的许多时刻，因此此处是在想象那些与自己的棒球生活有关的人。故选D。
59. 考察现在分词，作者闭上眼睛，回忆以前的经历，此时睁开眼睛，意识到以前走过的路都过去了，故选B。
60. 考察名词，上文的Once she leaves， I focus...提示了此处作者注意了的转移，故选C。

四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Austrian author Peter Handke collected the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature while the 2018 award，which 61. _______(postpone) last year，went to Polish author Olga Tokarczuk.
Handke “has established himself as one of the most 62. (influence) writers in Europe after the Second World War”．“His works are filled with a strong desire 63. (discover) and make his discoveries come to life by finding new literary expressions for them，” the Swedish Academy said.He 64. (write) many novels in the past decades，like Short Letter，Long Farewell,65. a young Austrian writer travels across the United States in search of his wife.This novel is 66. (general) considered as one of Handke’s typical confusing works.
Tokarczuk became 67. winner of the 2018 award “for a narrative(叙事的) imagination that with encyclopedic(博学的) passion represents the crossing of 68. (boundary) as a form of life”．Her first work came out in 1993，and 69. was believed that her third novel Primeval and Other Times marked her major breakthrough.In 2018，she was awarded the Man Booker International Prize for her novel Flights,70. __________(become) the first Polish writer to do so.
【答案】
61-65 was postponed influential　 to discover　 has written where
66-70 generally　 the　 boundaries　 it becoming

五、应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华,你原打算参加朋友Mary的生日聚会,但是因故未能参加。请用英语给她写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1. 表示道歉;
2. 解释原因。
注意:
1. 字数80个字左右;
​2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Mary,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mary,
      I am writing to apologize for being absent at your birthday party. I feel extremely sorry about it and I want to explain to you what has happened.
     This morning I twisted my ankle while going downstairs and was sent to hospital. The doctor suggested that I have a week’s rest in bed. It’s a great pity that I couldn’t attend your party. Anyway, best wishes to you and once again, please accept my sincere apology.
Yours,
​Li Hua