Unit 3 The World Online（B卷·能力提升练）-【单元测试】2022-2023学年高一英语分层训练AB卷（译林版2020必修第三册）

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Class Name Number Mark
Unit 3 The World Online（B卷·能力提升练）
（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）
一、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5题）
A
In Europe many people died during the Second World War. As a result, at the end of the war there were many orphans (孤儿) there. A man called Hermann Gmeiner wanted to help these children. His idea was simple. He wanted orphans to have a home, and he wanted them to have the care and kindness of parents. Gmeiner asked people to give him some money. With this money he built the first SOS Children's Village at Imst, in Austria. It opened in1949. This is how the SOS stand for “Save Our Souls.” This means, “Please help us!” An SOS Children’ village gives help to orphans. Hermann Gmeiner’s idea for helping orphans soon spread all over the world. By 1983 there were 170 SOS Children's Villages in the world. People in many countries give money to help the villages.
Today the children from the first village have grown up. Now some of them work in other SOS Children’s Villages. In SOS Villages orphans live in family groups. There are several houses in each village. The biggest village has 40 or 50 houses! Between seven and ten children live in a house. A woman lives with each group of children and looks after them. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness. She cooks meals for them and makes comfortable, happy home for them.
Of course, the children don’t spend all their time in the village. They go to school; they go out with their friends. But the village gives them a home—sometimes for the first time in their lives.
1．The SOS Children’s Villages are built for________ first.
A．the children who are poor B．the orphans in Europe
C．the kind women D．people who died in the war.
2．We can conclude from the article that the money for helping the SOS Villages mainly comes from ________ .
A．governments B．special organization
C．people in different countries D．the orphans themselves
3．Which of the following is NOT the work a woman in an SOS Village does for each group of children?
A．She lives with the children and looks after them.
B．She gives the children a lot of love and kindness.
C．She cooks meals for children.
D．She teaches the children how to use the computer.
【答案】1．B2．C3．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述二战后为救助战争遗留下来的孤儿，Hermann Gmeiner建立了SOS孤儿村。在孤儿村里，孩子们有了家，能够像正常的孩子们一样享受家庭的温暖，得到学习、玩耍等快乐生活的机会。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的In Europe many people died during the Second World War. As a result, at the end of the war there were many orphans there. A man called Hermann Gmeiner wanted to help these children.(在欧洲，许多人在第二次世界大战中丧生。结果，战争结束时那里有许多孤儿。一个叫Hermann Gmeiner的人想帮助这些孩子。)及With this money he built the first SOS Children’s Village(他用这笔钱建造了第一个SOS儿童村。)可知二战后，在欧洲有大量的孤儿，Hermann Gmeiner为了救助这些孤儿，筹集了一些钱建了SOS儿童村。因此SOS儿童村起初是为欧洲的孤儿们而建立的。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句People in many countries give money to help the villages(许多国家的人捐钱帮助村庄。)可知，这些钱来自世界上很多国家人们的捐赠，故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段中的A woman lives with each group of children and looks after them. She gives the children a lot of love and kindness. She cooks meals for them and makes comfortable, happy home for them(一个女人和每一组孩子住在一起并照顾他们。她给孩子们很多爱和善意。她为他们做饭，为他们营造舒适、快乐的家。)可知A、B、C项描述符合文章内容，D项（她教孩子们如何使用电脑）不是SOS村的妇女为每一组儿童所做的工作。故选D项。

B
Using a toilet can pay for your coffee or buy your bananas at a university in South Korea, where human waste is being used to help power a building.
Cho Jae-weon, a professor at the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), has designed an eco-friendly (环保) toilet—the BeeVi toilet, which is connected to a lab that uses human waste to produce biogals (沼气).
The BeeVi toilet sends human waste into an underground tank in a way that reduces water use. There, the waste is broken down into methane (甲烷) which becomes a source of power for the building.
“If we think out of the box, human waste has great value to make power ,” Cho said. He added that a person defecates (排便) about 500 g a day, which can be turned into 50 litres of methane gas. This gas can produce 0.5 point kWh of electricity or be used to drive a car for about 1.2km (0.75miles).
Cho has created a digital currency (货币) called Ggool. Each person using the eco-friendly toilet earns 10 Ggool a day. Students can use it to buy goods within the university, from coffee to fruits and books.
“I only thought that human waste is dirty, but now it has become a treasure of great value to me, ” student Heo HuI-jin said. “ I even talk about it during mealtimes, thinking about buying a new book I want.”
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．A toilet turning waste into power. B．A famous Korean university.
C．A world - known Korean professor. D．A new way to reduce water use.
5．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph5 refer to?
A．The car B．The box C．The gas D．The currency
6．What does Heo Hui-jin think about human waste now?
A．It is dirty. B．It is valuable.
C．It is eco-friendly. D．It is hard to talk about.
7．Where is the passage probably from?
A．A travel diary B．A maths textbook
C．A science report D．A popular novel
【答案】4．A5．D6．B7．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位科学家设计了一种生态友好型厕所。人们可使用这种环保厕所来购买东西，在那里，人类的粪便被用来为一座建筑提供动力。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Using a toilet can pay for your coffee or buy your bananas at a university in South Korea, where human waste is being used to help power a building.(在韩国的一所大学里，人们可以用上厕所来付咖啡的钱，也可以买香蕉。在韩国，人们用粪便为一栋建筑提供动力)”以及第三段的“The BeeVi toilet sends human waste into an underground tank in a way that reduces water use. There, the waste is broken down into methane(甲烷) which becomes a source of power for the building.( BeeVi厕所将人体排泄物倒入地下水箱，减少了用水量。在那里，废物被分解成甲烷，成为建筑物的动力来源)”可知，本文在介绍一种新型的环境友好型厕所，该厕所可以将人类粪便变成动力，给建筑物提供能源。故选A项。
5．词句猜测题。根据第五段的“Cho has created a digital currency(货币)called Ggool. Each person using the eco-friendly toilet earns 10 Ggool a day. Students can use it to buy goods within the university, from coffee to fruits and books.( Cho创造了一种叫做Ggool的数字货币。每个使用环保厕所的人每天可以赚10英镑。学生可以用它在大学里购买商品，从咖啡到水果和书籍)”可知，学生买东西当然需要用到钱，而这个钱其实是Cho所创造的一种叫做Ggool的货币，学生使用了环保厕所后就能赚得这些货币，从而用它来买东西，故可知此处的it指代的是这种货币。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段的““I only thought that human waste is dirty, but now it has become a treasure of great value to me, ” student Heo HuI-jin said. “ I even talk about it during mealtimes, thinking about buying a new book I want.”(学生Heo HuI-jin说：“我以前只认为人类的排泄物很脏，但现在它对我来说已经成为了一种非常有价值的财富。”“我甚至在吃饭的时候谈论它，想着买一本我想要的新书。”)”可知，Heo HuI-jin以前觉得人的排泄物很脏，但是现在能够通过使用这种环保厕所赚得货币买东西，她觉得它变成一种宝贵的东西，因此可知，她的想法发生了改变，觉得人的排泄物是宝贵的。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Cho Jae-weon, a professor at the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), has designed an eco-friendly(环保)toilet—the BeeVi toilet, which is connected to a lab that uses human waste to produce biogals(沼气).(蔚山国立科学技术学院的教授Cho Jae-weon设计了一种生态友好型厕所BeeVi厕所，它与一个利用人类粪便生产生物气体的实验室相连)”以及第三段的“The BeeVi toilet sends human waste into an underground tank in a way that reduces water use. There, the waste is broken down into methane(甲烷) which becomes a source of power for the building.( BeeVi厕所将人体排泄物倒入地下水箱，减少了用水量。在那里，废物被分解成甲烷，成为建筑物的动力来源)”可知，本文在科普一种新型的环保厕所，故可知这篇文章应该出自于科学类型的文章或者报告。故选C项。

C
Mrs. Strickland did not talk much, but she had a pleasant gift for keeping the conversation general. And when there was a pause she threw in just the right remark to set it going once more.
“Why do nice women marry dull men?”
“Because intelligent men won’t marry nice women.”
Mrs. Strickland had the gift of sympathy.
There was another thing I liked in Mrs. Strickland. She managed her surroundings with elegance (优雅). Her flat was always neat and cheerful with flowers. The meals in the little dining room were pleasant; the table looked nice; the food was well cooked. It was impossible not to see that Mrs. Strickland was an excellent housekeeper. And you felt sure that she was an admirable mother. There were photographs in the drawing room of her son and daughter. The son—his name was Robert—was a boy of sixteen at Rugby. He had his mother’s fine eyes. He looked clean, healthy, and normal.
“I don’t know that he’s very clever,” she said one day, when I was looking at the photograph, “but I know he’s good. He has a charming character.”
The daughter was fourteen. Her hair, thick and dark like her mother’s, fell over her shoulders, and she had the same kindly expression and untroubled eyes.
“They both look like you,” I said.
“Yes, I think they are more like me than their father.”
“Why have you never let me meet him?” I asked.
“Would you like to?” she smiled and her smile was really very sweet.
“You know, he’s not at all literary,” she said. “He has no interest in literature.”
“He’s on the Stock Exchange (证券交易所), and he’s a typical broker (经纪人). I think he’d bore you to death.”
“Does he bore you?” I asked.
“You see, I happen to be his wife. I’m very fond of him.” She smiled to cover her shyness, and her eyes grew tender.
“He doesn’t pretend to be a talent. He doesn’t even make much money on the Stock Exchange. But he’s awfully good and kind.”
“I think I should like him very much.”
“I’ll ask you to dine with us quietly some time, but mind, you come at your own risk; don’t blame me if you have a very dull evening.”
8．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Mrs. Strickland is a very good housekeeper.
B．Her daughter looks more like her than her husband.
C．Her son, clever or not, has a pleasant character.
D．Mrs. Strickland doesn’t love her husband because of his dullness.
9．What does the sentence “I think he’d bore you to death” in paragraph 13 imply?
A．Mrs. Strickland doesn’t think her husband is a dull man.
B．It must be boring for the guest to talk with Mr. Strickland because of different interests.
C．Mrs. Strickland fears that her husband will make the guest die.
D．The guest will finally find Mr. Strickland is a humorous host.
10．Which is the closest meaning to the underlined word “awfully”?
A．Personally. B．Gradually.
C．Extremely. D．Eventually.
11．What does the author think of Mrs. Strickland in this passage?
A．Elegant and attractive. B．Dull and unconfident.
C．Beautiful and unlucky. D．Bitter and foolish.
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Strickland夫人虽话不多，但与她交流感觉愉悦，是一位持家、善良、迷人的女性。
8．细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的““You see, I happen to be his wife. I’m very fond of him.” She smiled to cover her shyness, and her eyes grew tender.”（“你看，我正好是他的妻子。“我很喜欢他。”她微笑着掩饰自己的羞怯，眼睛变得温柔起来。），可知Mrs. Strickland爱着她的丈夫，D项不符合文意。故选D项。
9．句意猜测题。由第12段的““You know, he’s not at all literary,” she said. “He has no interest in literature.””（“你知道，他一点也不文采，”她说。“他对文学没有兴趣。”），和第13段的““He’s on the Stock Exchange (证券交易所), and he’s a typical broker (经纪人). I think he’d bore you to death.””（“他在证券交易所工作，是个典型的经纪人。我想他会把你累死的。”），可知Mr. Strickland对文学没兴趣，是一个经纪人，兴趣爱好不同，其他人很难和他谈一起去，所以I think he’d bore you to death在此处意为，客人和Mr. Strickland谈话一定很无聊，因为兴趣不同。故选B项。
10．词义猜测题。由倒数第四段中的““You see, I happen to be his wife. I’m very fond of him.” She smiled to cover her shyness, and her eyes grew tender.”（“你看，我正好是他的妻子。“我很喜欢他。”她微笑着掩饰自己的羞怯，眼睛变得温柔起来。），倒数第三段的““He doesn’t pretend to be a talent. He doesn’t even make much money on the Stock Exchange. But he’s awfully good and kind.””（“他不会假装是个天才。他在证券交易所甚至赚不到多少钱。但他非常善良。”）和倒数第二段的““I think I should like him very much.””（“我想我应该非常喜欢他。”），可知虽然Mrs. Strickland的丈夫赚不到多少钱，也不懂文学，但他不会假装自己是个天才，Mrs. Strickland很喜欢丈夫，可推断出Mr. Strickland是一个非常好的人，Extremely（极其、非常）符合文意。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Mrs. Strickland did not talk much, but she had a pleasant gift for keeping the conversation general.”（Mrs. Strickland话不多，但她有一个令人愉快的天赋，能使谈话保持一般性。），第五段中的“She managed her surroundings with elegance (优雅).”（她优雅地管理着周围的环境。）和第五段中的“It was impossible not to see that Mrs. Strickland was an excellent housekeeper.”（不可能不看出Mrs. Strickland是个出色的持家人。），可推断出作者认为Mrs. Strickland很优雅迷人。故选A项。

D
On 25 January each year, the national poet of Scotland, Robert Burns, is celebrated. Burns, born in 1759, became famous at the age of 25. His poetry went on to become famous around the world. The poet died in 1796, aged 37. Burns Night began five years later when his friends gathered on what would have been his birthday, to celebrate his life.
The evening was held at Burns’s former home, with events that are now traditions. These include a feast, where someone reads Burns’s famous poem Address to a Haggis (a kind of sausage). After supper there are poetry readings, Scottish dancing and singing, including Burns’s song Auld Lang Syne.
Last year, Burns Night was a bit different because of the pandemic. In Alloway, Scotland, a local radio presenter hosted a live webcast, The Burns Night In, at the house where Robert Burns was born. People across the world just enjoyed talks about the poet and Scottish music.
The Centre for Robert Burns Studies at the University of Glasgow invited 2, 500 clubs, schools, and universities in 150 countries to share their plans for Burns Night on social media. They used the information to make a map of the celebrations which stretched from Antarctica to South Korea. “He’s a poet who travels very well,” said Pauline Mackay, a leading professor at Glasgow University. “He could write very seriously, but also with great humour,” she explained, adding that the song Auld Lang Syne is all about friendship and unity.
In a slightly more unusual celebration, a Scottish butcher posted a short video online in which he attached a haggis to a weather balloon, flying to the edge of space. “After a year like no other, we wanted to kick off 2022 by lifting the spirits of the general public,” he said.
12．When was Burns Night first celebrated?
A．On January 25th, 1759. B．On the day Burns became famous in 1784.
C．On Robert Burns’s last day in 1796. D．On Robert Burns’s birthday in 1801.
13．What can we learn about the tradition of Burns Night?
A．It is celebrated in Scotland each year online.
B．It includes supper and poetry readings.
C．It usually ends with the song Auld Lang Syne.
D．It began with his poem Address to a Haggis in 1800.
14．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．Burns’s popularity possibly lies in his writing style.
B．The Center has 2,500 clubs, schools, and societies.
C．A butcher kicked off a haggis to celebrate Burns Night.
D．Robert Burns traveled from Antarctica to South Korea.
15．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Poetry of Robert Burns. B．Traditions of The Burns Night In.
C．Burns Night celebrated online. D．The national poet of Scotland.
【答案】12．D13．B14．A15．C
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要记录了因为疫情，一年一度纪念苏格兰民族诗人罗伯特·彭斯的“彭斯之夜”在去年改为线上活动，以及纪念活动的具体内容。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The poet died in 1796, aged 37. Burns Night began five years later when his friends gathered on what would have been his birthday, to celebrate his life.(这位诗人死于1796年，终年37岁。彭斯之夜开始于五年后他的朋友们聚在一起庆祝他的生日之时)”可知，首次举办彭斯之夜是在罗伯特·彭斯去世五年后，即1801年诗人生日之际。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“After supper there are poetry readings, Scottish dancing and singing, including Burns’s song Auld Lang Syne. (晚餐后，有诗歌朗诵，苏格兰舞蹈和歌唱，包括伯恩斯的歌曲《友谊地久天长》)”可知，彭斯之夜的庆祝仪式中包含了晚餐和诗歌朗诵会。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段中“He could write very seriously, but also with great humour.(他的写作风格既严肃又幽默)”可知，彭斯的写作风格既严肃又幽默，由此可知，他受人们欢迎可能在于他的写作风格。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Last year, Burns Night was a bit different because of the pandemic. In Alloway, Scotland, a local radio presenter hosted a live webcast, The Burns Night In, at the house where Robert Burns was born.(由于疫情，去年的彭斯之夜有点不同。在苏格兰的阿洛维，一个当地电台主持人在罗伯特·彭斯出生的房子里主持了一个网络直播节目’彭斯之夜’)”可知，文章前两个自然段是背景内容介绍，介绍人物的基本背景和以往在彭斯故居现场庆祝的流程，后三个自然段着重介绍了受到疫情影响，去年的纪念活动改为线上举行，和纪念活动的具体内容。故本文主要介绍了这次别开生面的“在线彭斯之夜”。故选C。

二、七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　Imagine going to the doctor to get treatment for a terrible fever. 　16　The robot detects the cause of your fever, travels to the appropriate system and provides medication directly for the infected area. 
　17　They are called “nanorobot”(纳米机器人) and engineering teams around the world are working to design robots that will eventually be used to treat everything from fever to cancer. 
In recent years, researchers have been building nanorobots out of a familiar material—the same stuff that makes human life possible. 　18　DNA is all around and in you—you just can't see it. If you were to look inside almost any cell inside any living creature, you would find DNA. 
This might sound surprising—especially since these nanorobots don't need batteries(电池) or any power sources. Instead, they work by using the natural structure of DNA.The nanorobots “crawl” (缓慢行进)on DNA. Sometimes researchers refer to these things as DNA “spiders”. 　19　A nanorobot could, perhaps, destroy just a cancerous cell, for example, but leave healthy cells alone. 
　20　But the future is bright for nanorobots made from DNA. One day, perhaps the machine made from DNA will swim around in the human body, delivering medicine to diseased cells or helping doctors diagnose problems. Or maybe it'll help build the smallest computers the world has ever seen. 
A.These nanorobots are made from DNA.
B.Nanorobots made from DNA aren't useful yet.
C.This description will give you a simple picture of the legs of a DNA nanorobot.
D.In other words, the DNA nanorobot destroys the track as it goes.
E.Being able to make such a tiny thing move in a certain way might be useful for health.
F.Instead of giving you a pill or a shot, the doctor puts a tiny robot into your bloodstream.
G.In fact, we're not that far from seeing devices like this actually used in medical procedures.
【答案】16-20 FGAEB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一种正在研究中的纳米机器人的基本原理及其未来在医学领域的应用前景。
16.F　第一段主要介绍一种新的医疗手段。空前句是说假设你去找医生治疗发烧,空后句叙述这种机器人有检测发烧的原因等医疗功能,F项“医生没有给你一粒药也没有给你打一针,而是在你的血管里放入一个微型机器人”介绍这种新的医疗设备,能够衔接前后文,故F项正确。
17.G　第二段承接第一段,阐述这种新的医疗手段并非遥不可及。G项意为“事实上,我们距离看到诸如这样的设备被真实地用于医疗程序中并非那么遥远”。空后句中的They指代G项中的复数名词devices(设备),G项与空后句中的that will eventually be used to treat everything from fever to cancer(它们最终会用于治疗从发烧到癌症等各种疾病)呼应,故G项正确。
18.A　本段主要讲述纳米机器人的制作。 A项“这些纳米机器人由DNA制作而成”符合语境,故A项正确。
19.E　本段主要讲述纳米机器人的优点及工作方式。空前内容指出它不需要电池,靠DNA的结构运行。空后句阐述也许它会只杀死癌细胞而不惊动健康细胞。E项“能够让这么微小的东西以某种方式运行可能对健康有好处”能够衔接上下文,故E项正确。
20.B　本段主要讲述用DNA制作而成的纳米机器人的前景。空后句意为“但是由DNA制造的纳米机器人的未来是光明的”,B项“由DNA制作而成的纳米机器人还不实用”与空后句形成转折关系,故B项正确。

三、 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight when a flight attendant asked a(n)（21）________ question over the loudspeaker, “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”
Clara, 15 at the time,（22）________the call button. The flight attendant came by and（23）________ the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s（24）________ and deaf.” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he couldn’t（25）________ his message.
Clara（26）________ to have been studying ASL for the past year and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s palm. So she（27）________ her seat belt and walked toward the seat of Tim Cook, then 64. （28）________ taking his hand, she（29）________ , “Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water.
When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third（30）________ , she stopped and stayed a while.
“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to（31）________ .” Clara says.
So for the next hour, that’s what they did. She talked about her plans for the future. Cook told Clara（32）________ he had gradually become blind over time and（33）________ stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked（34）________ at his face with such kindness,” a passenger reported, “We can see she smiled with happiness,（35）________ she made a difference in someone’s life.”
“Clara was amazing.” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Tim was very（36）________ to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a(n)（37）________ .”
Cook’s（38）________ , “Best trip I’ve ever had.”
Life is a continuous learning experience. As for Clara, she said, “I’ve also learned a lot. The best thing for（39）________ is to learn something. Learning is the only thing that never（40）________ .
21．A．awkward B．urgent C．challenging D．difficult
22．A．adopted B．lifted C．pressed D．tied
23．A．analyzed B．faced C．observed D．explained
24．A．blind B．ill C．homesick D．thirsty
25．A．get into B．get across C．get through D．get off
26．A．intended B．pretended C．happened D．attempted
27．A．unfastened B．unlocked C．unfolded D．uncovered
28．A．Cautiously B．Gently C．Secretly D．Seriously
29．A．signed B．asked C．whispered D．repeated
30．A．turn B．intention C．journey D．visit
31．A．sleep B．relax C．talk D．cheer
32．A．how B．why C．what D．when
33．A．invented B．conveyed C．transformed D．shared
34．A．attentively B．surprisingly C．crazily D．anxiously
35．A．if B．so C．because D．but
36．A．absorbed B．touched C．ashamed D．excited
37．A．angel B．donator C．sponsor D．translator
38．A．concept B．relief C．reaction D．credit
39．A．appreciation B．consideration C．amazement D．freedom
40．A．discourages B．fails C．inspires D．benefits
【答案】 21-25 BCDAB 26-30 CABAD 31-35 CADAC 36-40 DACCB
【解析】
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Clara Daly坐在阿拉斯加航空公司的一架航班上，一名空乘人员通过扩音器问了一个紧急问题:“机上有人懂美国手语吗?A. awkward尴尬的；B. urgent紧急的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. difficult困难的。根据下文“Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”可知是一个紧急问题。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时15岁的克拉拉按下了呼叫按钮。A. adopted收养，采纳；B. lifted举起；C. pressed按，压；D. tied绑，系。根据下文the call button可知是按下呼叫按钮故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：空乘人员过来解释情况。A. analyzed分析；B. faced面对；C. observed观察，遵守；D. explained解释。根据下文“We have a passenger on the plane who’s （24）________and deaf.” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he couldn’t （25）________ his message.可知空乘人员解释了一下情况。故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“飞机上有一位又瞎又聋的乘客。”她说。A. blind看不见的；B. ill生病的；C. homesick想家的；D. thirsty口渴的。根据上文询问会不会手语可知乘客应该是聋哑人故选A。
25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：乘客似乎想要什么东西，但他无法把他的意思表达出来。A. get into进入；B. get across表达；C. get through度过；D. get off下车，动身。根据“but”可知那个聋哑人表达不出自己的意思。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉碰巧在过去的一年里一直在学习美国手语，她知道她可以用手指在这个男人的手掌里拼出手语。A. intended打算；B. pretended假装；C. happened碰巧；D. attempted试图。由“have been studying ASL for the past year”可知，克拉拉碰巧在过去的一年里一直在学习美国手语。happen to do sth。“碰巧做某事”之意。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她解开安全带，走向64岁的蒂姆·库克的座位。A. unfastened解开；B. unlocked开锁；C. unfolded展开；D. uncovered揭开，揭露。据下文her seat belt and walked toward可知是解开了安全带。故选A。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势“你还好吗?”库克要了一些水。A. Cautiously谨慎地；B. Gently轻轻地；C. Secretly秘密地；D. Seriously严肃地。根据常识可知对待残疾人肯定是轻柔地。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势“你还好吗?”库克要了一些水。A. signed打手势；B. asked询问；C. whispered低声说；D. repeated重复。根据下文“Are you OK?””可知克拉克在打手势。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿她又来了，因为他想知道时间。在第三次来访时，她停了下来，停留了一会儿。A. turn转弯；B. intention 意图；C. journey旅行；D. visit拜访，看望。根据上文可知克拉拉一共往返了三次来看望库克。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他什么也不需要。他很孤单，想和我谈谈。A. sleep睡觉；B. relax放松；C. talk交谈；D. cheer欢呼。根据下文So for the next hour, that’s what they did. She talked about her plans for the future.可知男人想要和克拉克交谈。故选A。
32．考查连接词辨析。句意：库克告诉克拉拉，随着时间的推移，他如何逐渐失明的，并分享了他作为旅行推销员的经历。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. what什么；D. when何时。本句为宾语从句，缺少连接副词表示方式“如何”，故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：库克告诉克拉拉，随着时间的推移，他逐渐失明，并分享了他作为旅行推销员的经历。A. invented发明；B. conveyed传达；C. transformed转变；D. shared分享。根据下文stories of his days as a traveling salesman可知是分享经历。故选D。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管他看不见她，但她“如此友爱地注视着他的脸”一位乘客说，“我们可以看到她幸福地微笑着，因为她改变了别人的生活”。A. attentively专注地；B. surprisingly惊讶地；C. crazily疯狂地；D. anxiously焦急地。由“with such kindness”可知此处应该是很专注地注视着他的脸。故选A。
35．考查连词辨析。句意：尽管他看不见她，但她“如此友爱地注视着他的脸，”一位乘客说，“我们可以看到她幸福地微笑着，因为她改变了别人的生活”。A. if如果；B. so因此； C. because因为；D. but但是。根据句意可知此处为因果关系，故选C。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可以看得出来，有人能和蒂姆说话他很激动，她真是个天使。A. absorbed专心致志的；B. touched感动的；C. ashamed惭愧的；D. excited激动的。根据常识可知能有人很专注地听自己讲，并与自己交流，这个残疾人应该是很激动的。故选D。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以看得出来，有人能和蒂姆说话他很激动，她真是个天使。A. angel天使；B. donator捐助者；C. sponsor主办方；D. translator翻译人员。根据上文可知蒂姆非常激动有人能和他交谈，因此认为克拉拉被认为是来帮助别人的“天使”。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：库克的反应是:这是我经历过的最棒的一次旅行。A. concept 概念；B. relief宽慰；C. reaction反应；D. credit信誉。由“Best trip I’ve ever had.”可知，这是库克的反应。故选C。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让人惊讶的最好办法就是学习一些东西。A. appreciation欣赏；B. consideration考虑；C. amazement震惊；D. freedom自由。上文中“Clara was amazing.” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview.一句已经给出了提示。故选C。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习是唯一永不失败的事情。A. discourages使沮丧；B. fails失败；C. inspires激励；D. benefits使受益。根据上文可知克拉克用自己所学帮助了别人，所以学习是永不失败的事情。故选B。

四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ____41____(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It's required that at least one football class ___42___(offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ___43__(active) participate in football training and matches.
China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ___44___ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ___45___ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ___46___ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ___47___ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ___48___ (compete) and even national summer camps.
In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ___49___ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ____50____ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.
【答案】
41. to lead 42. be offered 43. actively 44. adding 45. Besides
46. an 47. gifted 48. competitions 49. whom 50. has step
【解析】这是一篇新闻稿。中国已命名全国24,126所中小学为特色足球学校，来促进青少年足球的发展，打造中国特色足球青训体系。
41.考查非谓语动词。句中主谓宾结构完整，所填词为非谓语动词，此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to lead。
42.考查虚拟语气和被动态。句中it为形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，require表示“要求”，主语从句是“被要求”的内容，主语从句要用“should+动词原形”结构，should常常可以省略。在主语从句中的主语是one football class与谓语动词offer是动宾关系，是动作的接受者，要用被动语态，此处为should be offered，做语法填空时，省略should。故填be offered。
43.考查副词。句中所填词修饰动词短语participate in，要用副词，要填active的副词形式，故填actively。
44.考查非谓语动词。句中逗号前无论主句还是宾语从句中主谓（宾）结构都完整，所填词为非谓语动词，非谓语动词的逻辑主语为Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE，是非谓语动词动作的执行者，且非谓语动词动作与前面主句动词said同时发生，所以要用现在分词，故填adding。
45.考查介词。所填词后跟名词measures，所填词应为介词，句中逗号后内容是对逗号前内容的补充，两部分属同类，用介词besides“除……之外（还）”，句子首字母大写，故填Besides。
46.考查冠词。in an effort to do“努力做某事”是固定短语，effort前要用不定冠词an，故填an。
47.考查形容词。所填词修饰名词players，可以用形容词，语意为有天赋的运动员，gifted是形容词，意为“有天赋的”,符合题意，故填gifted。
48.考查名词复数。competition在句中意为“比赛、竞赛”，是可数名词，and后为camps，是名词复数，and连接的部分要对称平行，所以and前的名词也要用复数，故填competitions。
49.考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是teachers，指人，非限制性定语从句中介词of后要用关系代词whom，故填whom。
50.考查时态。句中since引导时间状语从句，表示从过去开始延续到现在的段时间，主句要用现在完成时，主句主语是the country，单数名词，故填has set。

五、应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，受学生会委托，围绕“垃圾分类，保护环境”这一主题，为学校宣传栏 “英语天地”写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1.倡议的原因和目的；2.倡议的具体内容；3.发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使全文连贯。
Dear friends,




Yours, Li Hua
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage sorting；区分differentiate
【答案】
Dear friends,
A lot of rubbish is produced in our school every day, which brings a wide range of environmental
problems as well as the waste of resources. Therefore, it s time that we took immediate action to change the
situation.
To start with, it is vital for us to raise awareness of environmental protection and develop the good
habit of garbage sorting. Furthermore, we are supposed to voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from
non- recyclables in our daily life. Meanwhile, the concept of saving resources should be established among
us. Only when we attach great importance to our action can our campus be more beautiful.
Let's make joint efforts to embrace a greener and better future.
Yours,
Li Hua